Unit 4 History and Traditions Words and Expressions课件-【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019必修第二册）

Unit 4 History and Traditions Words and Expressions 人教版2019必修第二册 目 录 Part 1 重点词汇 Part 2 重点短语 Part 3 重点句型 individual [ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl] adj. 办单独的；个别的 n.个人 individualism n [U] 个人主义 individuality n [U] 个性；特征 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. ___________ 2. In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. (2019 北京) ___________ 3. The children are happy because they get a lot more individual attention and respond well because someone has time for them. ___________ 4. The girl has a very individual way of dressing. ___________ (个) 人 单独的 / 单个的 个人的 / 个别的 独特的 belong [bɪˈlɔŋ] vi. 应在(某处)；适应 belonging n [U] 归属 belongings n [C] [复数] 所有物；财产；财物 (possessions) belong to 属于；是……的成员；应归入 belong [bɪˈlɔŋ] vi. 应在(某处)；适应 一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. The house belongs ______ my aunt but she doesn’t live here any more. 2. Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples ___________ (belong) to two major language groups. 3. The taxi driver often reminds passengers to take their ___________ (belong) when they leave the car. 二、根据所给汉语及提示，完成下列句子。 1. When I was a boy, I _______________ (是……的成员) the Boy Scouts (童子军), so I used to go camping every summer. 2. In other words, gossip (闲聊) is satisfying because it gives people ________________________ (归属感). (2016 浙江) to belonging belongings belonged to a sense of belonging defence [dɪˈfens] n. 防御；保卫  防御；保卫；防护 基本义 具体的防御物  防务；防御物；防御能力  辩护；辩解  后卫；防守队员 语言的防御 比赛中的防御 defence [dɪˈfens] n. 防御；保卫 根据句意写出画线部分的汉语意思。 1. The lawyer produced a clever defence of his client (客户). _______ 2. A good diet helps build the body’s natural defences. _____________ 3. The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks. _____________ 4. What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game? (2015 天津) _____________ 5. Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to blame. ______________ 防守 防御 辩护 天然抵抗力 为……辩护 / 辩解 surround [səˈraʊnd] vt.围绕；包围 surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 surroundings n. 环境 be surrounded by... 被……包围、环绕 surround oneself with sb./sth. 和某人/某物在一起 surround [səˈraʊnd] vt.围绕；包围 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Some light showers have been forecast (预报) since last month, but all of them have been effective in ____________ (surround) areas. (2017 全国) 2. I walk in the door and see a brown sofa ______________ (surround) a low glass-top wooden table. 3. When I headed toward the center, I found myself ______________ (surround) by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe. 4. Bill Gates has historically surrounded himself ______________ smart people, and he’s famously thirsty for knowledge. surrounding surrounding surrounded with evidence [ˈɛvɪdəns] n.证据；证明 evident adj. 明显的；明白的 evidently adv. 显然；明显地；清楚地 There is some/no evidence that... (没)有证据证明…… in evidence 显眼；显而易见 It's evident that... 很明显…… evidence [ˈɛvɪdəns] n.证据；证明 单句语法填空 ①His footprints were clearly ________ in the heavy dust，which is the evidence that he had come here before (evidence)． ②She walked slowly down the road, ________ in pain (evident)． ③He was soon deep in meditation, and ________ was evident that the longer he thought, the more he was bothered. ④Poverty and bad housing conditions are much ________ evidence in the remote countryside. evident evidently it in achievement [əˈtʃi:vmənt] n. 成就；成绩；达到 achievable adj 可达到的；可获得的 根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。 1. Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel ___________ (成就感).   2. Man’s first walk on the moon was __________________________ (一项伟大的科技成就). 3. In the last few years, China has ______________________ (取得重大成就) in environmental protection. (2015 北京改) a sense of achievement a great technological achievement made great achievements battle [ˈbætl] n.战斗 vt.&vi. 搏斗；奋斗 fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗 fight / win / lose a battle battlefield n [C] 战场；冲突地区 / 领域 battle [ˈbætl] n.战斗 vt.&vi. 搏斗；奋斗 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. They are continuing a long-running legal battle to ask for compensation (赔偿) from the government. ________ 2. They won the first battle but still they lost the war. ________ 3. Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle — these standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to. ________ 4. We have to battle very hard and our defense worked overtime (全力以赴) to keep us in the game. ________ 官司 战斗 打一场无望取胜的仗 苦战 / 奋战 / 奋力拼搏 battle [ˈbætl] n.战斗 vt.&vi. 搏斗；奋斗 二、根据所给汉语及提示，完成下列句子。 1. They ______________________ (与……搏斗) the wind and the rain to get here. (v) 2. They __________________ (长期作战) against prejudice (偏见). (n) 3. I realized running was _____________________________ (与自己的较量), not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. (2018 北京) (n) 4. My father _____________________ (与……斗争) cancer for many months. (v) fought a long battle battled with / against battled (with / against) a battle against / with myself announce [əˈnaʊns] vt. 宣布；通知；声称 announcer n [C] (电视台 / 电台的) 播音员；(机场或车站的) 广播员 announcement n [C] 通告；布告；[U] 宣布；宣告 二、空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. After graduating from university in 1932, Reagan got a job as a radio sports ___________ (announce). 2. The _______________ (announce) was greeted enthusiastically. 三、根据所给汉语完成下列句子。 1. Silence, please. Mr Whte is about to _______________________ (宣布通知). 2. He said the lucky woman ____________________________ (将在网上公布) and the trip will be shared online. (2017 全国) announcer announcement make an announcement will be announced on the website charge [tʃɑrdʒ] n.收费;指控;主管；vt.收费;控告;充电 (1)charge sb. money for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人收取费用 charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事 (2)take charge of 主管/负责…… in charge of 负责/掌管…… in the charge of 由……负责 charge [tʃɑrdʒ] n.收费;指控;主管；vt.收费;控告;充电 负荷 （基本义） charge 罪名的负荷 金钱的负荷 责任的负荷  负责  费用  指控 电荷的负荷  电量 n  (向……) 收费；开价  指控；控告  (给……) 充电  (向……) 冲；进攻 v charge [tʃɑrdʒ] n.收费;指控;主管；vt.收费;控告;充电 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 _________ 1. A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education.（2022 全国） _________ 2. The noise shakes the trees as the male gorilla (大猩猩) beats his chest and charges toward me.（2018 全国改） _________ 3. Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.   _________ 4. How long does it take the battery to charge up an iPhone? _________ 5. One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest, the next, the air was charged with tension (紧张气氛). (2014 重庆) 费用 冲 指控；控告 给……充电 充满…… 二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词 或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. I wonder if there’s a service charge ________ our meal. 2. They wanted to charge $5,000 _________ the car, but we managed to bring the price down. 3. We’ve had a discussion about whether an entrance fee should ____________ (charge) for parks. 三、根据所给提示完成下列句子。 1. We also have a swimming pool, which is open all day and __________ (免费的). 2. I was appointed to ____________________________________ (负责) arranging all the activities on that day. (天津 书面表达) for for be charged free of charge be in charge of / take charge of position [pəˈzɪʃən] n. 位置；姿态；职位 位置 （基本义） place 在社会上的位置 人身体 / 物体的位置 在空间上的位置 位置；方位; (恰当或正确的) 位置 在工作中的位置 比赛中的位置 处境中的位置 观点的位置 姿势；(物体所指的) 方向 地位；身份 职位；职务 (比赛中的) 名次 处境；状况 立场；观点；态度 n v 放置；安放；使处于 position [pəˈzɪʃən] n. 位置；姿态；职位 一、写出下列句子中position的汉语释义。 1. Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions. (2019 全国) ______________ 2. I didn’t come from a family with wealth or position, but I did manage to get a master’s degree in fine arts. (2016 全国) ______________ 3. Sorry, Doctor White is out of town and I’m not in the position to give out that kind of information. ______________ 职位；职务 地位 不能 (be in a position to do sth 能够做某事) approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] n.方法;接近；vt.接近;接洽；vi.靠近 跟to搭配的常见名词有：answer, key, solution, visit, way, path, contribution, entrance, exit, access等 (1)make an approach to 对……进行商谈 (2)the approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径 (3)the approach of sth. 某事的来临 at one's approach 在某人快到时 approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] n.方法;接近；vt.接近;接洽；vi.靠近 v n （距离上）靠近；（时间上）临近；（数量上）接近 靠近；接近 与……接洽 通道；道路 （处理……的）方法 （达到……的）途径 “靠近”距离、时间、数量等 “靠近”人 “靠近”事情 处理 靠近 基本义 approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] n.方法;接近；vt.接近;接洽；vi.靠近 根据句意选出 approach 的最佳释义。 ___________ 1. A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and approached our table. ___________ 2. It might be possible to approach the problem in a different way. ___________ 3. He approached me to create and design the restaurant. ___________ 4. The temperatures are approaching 37ºC. 靠近 处理 与……接洽 接近 roll [rəʊl] vt.&vi. (使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n. 卷(轴)；翻滚 呈卷状的物体 …… 卷起的名单 呈卷状的食品 卷；卷轴；卷 / 筒状 使）翻滚；（使）滚动 使成筒形 / 球形；卷 v n （正式的）名册；名单 卷状食品；面包卷 …… …… 使变成卷状物 即“使滚动” 卷 （基本义） 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow, as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call” to report their presence. _____________ 2. He made the honor roll means that he was on the list of the best students at school. _____________ 3. The photographers had already shot a roll of film. _____________ 二、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。 1. When I was a little kid I ______________________ (滚下来) a hill and broke my leg. 2. She _________________________ (翻身) to let the sun brown her back. 3. _________________________ (卷起) your sleeves and get ready for hard work. 点名 光荣榜 rolled down rolled over 一卷胶卷 Roll up crowd [kraʊd] n．人群；民众；vt.挤满；使……拥挤 crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满的；塞满的 (1)crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海 (2)crowd into one's mind/head＝ crowd in on sb. 涌入脑海 a crowd of 一群…… crowd into... 涌入/挤进…… (3)be crowded with 挤满了 crowd [kraʊd] n．人群；民众；vt.挤满；使……拥挤 【练透考点】单句语法填空 ①Aggressive wildfire control has left California forest crowded ________ small trees that compete with big trees for resources. ②I ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ________ on the roads above as they traveled to and from work (crowd)． ③Naturally, accidents will happen on such a ________ road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever (crowd)． 【佳句背诵】 Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if they had just happened. 童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海，好像刚刚发生似的。 with crowds crowded en- + sure → ensure en- + able → enable en- + rich → enrich en- + danger → endanger en- + courage → encourage 使役动词词缀 en “使役动词”前缀 en- 及后缀 -en 可加在形容词和名词前或后构成动词，en 词缀意为 “使”“使成为”“使处于……之中”。 short+ -en → shorten deaf + -en → deafen fright + -en → frighten threat + -en → threaten light + -en → lighten 使役动词前缀 en- 说出下列单词的词性及汉语释义。 v 确保 v 使能够 v 使遭遇危险 v 鼓励 v 使丰富 v (使) 变短 v (使) 变明亮 / 减轻 v 使震得耳朵发聋 v 使惊吓 v 威胁 break away (from sb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱 break down 损坏；分解；(汽车)抛锚 break in 非法闯入；插嘴，打断 break into 破门而入，非法闯入；突然……起来 break off 打断；折断；中断(说话) break out (战争、火灾、疾病等) 突然发生，爆发 break through 冲突；突破 break up 分解；终结 单句语法填空 ①The tiger broke away ________ the cage and fled into the forest. ②The computer system suddenly broke ________ while he was searching for information on the Internet. ③The authorities urged people to stock up on necessities in case the war broke ________. ④“There is no future between us，so I want to break ________，” said the girl to her boyfriend. ⑤We had to break ________ the house as we had lost the key. 【佳句背诵】 To improve your study，you should first break away from your bad study habits.为了改善你的学习，你首先应该改掉你学习上的坏习惯。 from down out up into keep one's eyes open (for) 留心；留意 keep an eye on 照看，照管；留心注意 look sb. in the eye(s) 直视别人 have an eye for 对……有判断力/鉴赏力 catch sb.'s eye 吸引某人的注意 keep one's eyes open (for) 留心；留意 完成句子 ①我正在做作业，这时一只小鸟吸引了我的注意力。 I was doing my homework when a bird _____________. ②我离开的时候你能不能帮我看一下行李？ Could you ________________ my luggage while I'm away? ③请留意寻找机会，因为机会不等人。 Please _________________ for opportunities for they wait for no one. ④大家都相信只要有一双欣赏美的眼睛，美在校园里无处不在。 It is believed in common that beauty exists everywhere on the campus as long as you ____________ it. ⑤你能问心无愧地看着我说你没撒谎吗？ Can you _______________ and tell me you're not lying? caught my eye keep an eye on keep your eyes open have an eye for look me in the eye the way 省略了关系词that /in which的定语从句 (1)the way后面的定语从句，关系词若在从句中作状语，相当于“用这种方式/方法(＝in this way)”时，通常不用关系词，偶尔用 that，在较正式的文体里才用in which来引导。 (2)the way 后不能用 how 引导定语从句，但也可以不用the way，而直接用 how 引导的名词性从句来表达这类意思。 The way后不能用how引导定语从句，但可以用how引导的名词性从句来表达。 That's the way he did it.＝That's how he did it. Thank You ! Words and Expressions 人教版2019必修第二册 $$