Unit 4 History and Traditions Listening and Speaking 课件+练习-【上好课】2024-2025学年高一英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019必修第二册）

Unit 4 Listening and Speaking分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词。 1.I don’t think it will work but I’ll try _______（无论如何）. 2.He _______(对比) the two different economic systems in his speech. 3.Judging from your _______（口音），you come from the West，if I’m not mistaken. 4.We could just see the outline of the house in the distance through the ________（薄雾）. 5.The early settlers _______(归因于) their survival to hard work and determination to succeed. 6.She felt there was something wrong，but couldn’t give ________(清楚易懂的) reasons. 7.If you want to sell your house，why not put an ________（广告） in the newspaper? 8.Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in the _________(相反的事情) to our intention. 【答案】 1.anyhow 2  contrasted 3  accent 4 mist 5 owed 6 coherent  7 advertisement 8  contrary 二、（2024·高一课时练习）根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.One interesting aspect of this bilingual series is that it caters to both the domestic and foreign markets, especially in both reading for ________ (pleasant) and language learning. 2.As is known to us, ________ (curtain) are large pieces of material which hang from the top of a window. 3.Leave a basin of water outside in ________ (freeze) weather. 4.A storm of laughter ________ (arise) and even the tiniest child joined in. 5.The animal was still ________ (breathe), so we knew it was still alive. 6.To my ________ (astonish), he has made such rapid progress in English this term. 7.For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________ (connect). 8.While waiting for the opportunity to get ________ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 9.________ (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. 10.Clearly and thoughtfully ________ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. 【答案】1.pleasure　2.curtains　3.freezing　4.arose　5.breathing　6.astonishment　7.connected　8.promoted　9.Absorbed　10.written 三、（2024·高一课时练习）根据要求转换下列句子。 1.Film has a much shorter history, especially when it is compared to such art forms as music and painting.(升级为省略句) Film has a much shorter history, especially ___________. 2.As he was raised in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.(升级为过去分词作状语) ____________________ of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. 3.When he was asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.(升级为省略句) ____________________，he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. 4.As he was attracted by the latest electronic toys, the little boy stood in front of the windows, without moving.(升级为过去分词作状语) ____________________ ，the little boy stood in front of the windows, without moving. 5.If they were give the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.(升级为过去分词作状语) ____________________，these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars. 6.When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful.(过去分词作状语) →________________ the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 7.If we were given more time, we could do it much better.(过去分词作状语) →_______________， we could do it much better. 8.Because he was greatly touched by his teacher's words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.(过去分词作状语) →_______________ his teacher's words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates. 9.Turned down many times, the man didn't lose heart.(让步状语从句) →______________ many times, the man didn't lose heart. 【答案】 1.when compared to such art forms as music and painting 2.Raised in the poorest area 3.When asked why he went there 4.Attracted by the latest electronic toys 5.Given the right kind of training 6.Seen from 7.Given more time 8.Greatly touched by 9.Though/Although he was turned down 知识应用 四、（四川省名校2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末）阅读理解 Swimming in schools (群体) has massive energy-saving benefits for fish. A study by Zhang and Lauder from Harvard University has found that fish use half as much energy swimming at high speeds if they are in a school rather than alone, and they also recover in nearly half the time. It has long been thought that swimming in schools reduces energy use in addition to various other benefits. But measuring energy use in free-swimming fish is not easy, not least because as fish swim faster they can no longer produce enough energy using only the oxygen they take in via their gills (鳃) — aerobic respiration (有氧呼吸) and start using energy reserves stored in muscles — anaerobic respiration (厌氧呼吸). In the study, Zhang and Lauder put an individual fish and schools of around eight fish in long, narrow sealed tunnels where the speed of the water flow can be easily controlled. They then measured oxygen consumption. Different from previous studies, the pair kept measuring oxygen consumption for at least 19 hours after the fish swam at a certain speed. They found that at low speeds — between 0 and 3 body lengths per second — there was little difference in energy use between schools and single fish. But at higher speeds fish in schools used a lot less energy. At 7 body lengths per second, for instance, on average each fish in a school used 53 per cent less energy than single fish. At this speed the schooling fish were still getting 50 percent of their energy from aerobic respiration, whereas the single fish were getting just 20 per cent, relying on anaerobic sources for the other 80 per cent. “This study is exciting because it shows an indirect but overlooked benefit of these energy savings, which means fish have more energy to spend searching for food, digesting meals or avoiding predators.” says Shaun Killenat the University of Glasgow in the UK. 12. When fish swim at high speeds, they ________. A. consume no energy B. seldom breathe C. need more energy D. relax now and then 13. How did Zhang and Lauder do their research? A. By analyzing existing data. B. By conducting an experiment. C. By learning from previous studies. D. By observing fish in natural environment. 14. What can we infer from paragraph 4? A. The schooling fish save energy more efficiently. B. A single fish always uses more energy in swimming. C. Fish in schools swim faster than a single fish. D. Speed has nothing to do with energy consumption. 15. Where can we find the text? A. In a duty report. B. In a published book. C. In a science magazine. D. In a travel brochure. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现鱼在鱼群中游泳可以节省能量，解释了研究开展的过程。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But measuring energy use in free-swimming fish is not easy, not least because as fish swim faster they can no longer produce enough energy using only the oxygen they take in via their gills (鳃) — aerobic respiration (有氧呼吸) and start using energy reserves stored in muscles — anaerobic respiration (厌氧呼吸).(但是测量自由游动的鱼的能量消耗并不容易，尤其是因为随着鱼游得越来越快，它们不再能够仅仅利用它们通过鳃吸收的氧气——有氧呼吸——来产生足够的能量，而开始利用储存在肌肉中的能量储备——无氧呼吸)”可知，当鱼高速游动的时候，需要更多能量。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the study, Zhang and Lauder put an individual fish and schools of around eight fish in long, narrow sealed tunnels where the speed of the water flow can be easily controlled. They then measured oxygen consumption. Different from previous studies, the pair kept measuring oxygen consumption for at least 19 hours after the fish swam at a certain speed.(在这项研究中，张和劳德把一条鱼和大约8条鱼的鱼群放在又长又窄的密封隧道里，在那里水流的速度很容易控制。然后他们测量了氧气消耗。与之前的研究不同的是，在鱼以一定的速度游泳后，两条鱼持续测量了至少19个小时的耗氧量)”可知，Zhang和Lauder通过进行实验来进行研究。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“They found that at low speeds — between 0 and 3 body lengths per second — there was little difference in energy use between schools and single fish. But at higher speeds fish in schools used a lot less energy. At 7 body lengths per second, for instance, on average each fish in a school used 53 per cent less energy than single fish. At this speed the schooling fish were still getting 50 percent of their energy from aerobic respiration, whereas the single fish were getting just 20 per cent, relying on anaerobic sources for the other 80 per cent.(他们发现，在较低的速度下——在每秒0到3个体长之间——鱼群和单个鱼的能量消耗几乎没有区别。但在速度较快的情况下，鱼群消耗的能量要少得多。例如，以每秒7个体长的速度，鱼群中的每条鱼平均比单个鱼少消耗53%的能量。在这种速度下，鱼群仍能从有氧呼吸中获得50%的能量，而单独的鱼只获得20%的能量，其余的80%依靠无氧来源)”可知，鱼群更有效地节约能量。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Swimming in schools (群体) has massive energy-saving benefits for fish. A study by Zhang and Lauder from Harvard University has found that fish use half as much energy swimming at high speeds if they are in a school rather than alone, and they also recover in nearly half the time.(在鱼群中游泳对鱼类有巨大的节能效益。哈佛大学的Zhang和Lauder的一项研究发现，如果鱼在一个群体中而不是单独游泳，它们在高速游泳时消耗的能量会减少一半，而且它们恢复的时间也会减少近一半)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现鱼在鱼群中游泳可以节省能量，解释了研究开展的过程。可知，文章选自科学杂志。故选C。 五、（江苏省镇江市实验高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期学情调研）七选五 Anyone who has studied a foreign language knows how difficult it is to become really fluent. 16 Find a conversation partner Try to find someone in your school who is a native speaker and ask him or her to meet with you regularly to have conversations in that language. 17 Watch TV Try to find a foreign language TV station and watch often. At first the actors will seem to speak too quickly, but try to recognize a few words or phrases. 18 Pay attention to patterns of pronunciation and the way that the voices rise and fall when questions are asked and statements are made. Children’s shows are great for learning and reviewing basic concepts. Go out and practice If you are visiting a foreign country and trying to learn the language, you’ll want to take every chance to go out and practice. 19 Successfully making a purchase (购买) or getting information in a foreign language will help you become more confident. Going grocery shopping in your hometown may not be very interesting, but in a foreign country things are different. 20 A．They actually became less fluent speakers. B．Later it’ll become easier to follow the dialogues. C．Any situation can be an interesting learning experience. D．Are you trying to learn a new language in a foreign land? E．Here are some suggestions to help you practice your language skills. F．Each day make a habit of going to a place like a shop, restaurant or bank. G．Talking to someone with whom you feel comfortable is a great way to get experience with actual usage. 【答案】16．E 17．G 18．B 19．F 20．C 【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了几种使外语变得流利的方法。 【详解】1.空前一句“Anyone who has studied a foreign language knows how difficult it is to become really fluent.（任何学过外语的人都知道要真正流利是多么困难）”描述进行外语交流很困难，下文是练习的途径；E选项“Here are some suggestions to help you practice your language skills.（这里有一些帮助你练习语言技能的建议）”引起下文，符合语境。故选E项。 2.Find a conversation partner表示“找一个对话伙伴”。空前一句描述在学校里找一个对应语言的母语者进行交流，G选项“Talking to someone with whom you feel comfortable is a great way to get experience with actual usage.（和你觉得舒服的人交谈是获得实际使用经验的好方法） ”同样表示与别人交流，符合此处语境。故选G项。 3.本段描述观看相关语言的电视节目。空前一句“At first the actors will seem to speak too quickly, but try to recognize a few words or phrases.（一开始演员们会说得太快，但是试着辨认一些单词或短语）”中的At first与B选项“Later it’ll become easier to follow the dialogues.（之后就更容易理解对话了）”的Later对应，且前后句语境相符。故选B项。 4.本段描述在国外如何进行语言运用。空前一句“If you are visiting a foreign country and trying to learn the language, you’ll want to take every chance to go out and practice.（如果你在国外旅行并试图学习语言，你会想要抓住每一个机会走出去练习）”建议学习者利用不同的场景机会进行练习；F选项 “Each day make a habit of going to a place like a shop, restaurant or bank.（每天养成去商店、餐馆或银行等地方的习惯）”为具体举例，与下文中making a purchase or getting information逻辑相符。故选F项。 5.空前一句“Going grocery shopping in your hometown may not be very interesting, but in a foreign country things are different.”（在你的家乡去杂货店购物可能不是很有趣，但在国外事情是不同的）描述在国外去杂货店与在国内不一样；C选项“Any situation can be an interesting learning experience.（任何情况都可以成为有趣的学习经历）”中interesting与前文interesting一致，语境相符，逻辑一致。故选C项。 六、（山东名校考试联盟2023-2024学年高一年级下学期期中检测）阅读理解 I love watching football games and couldn’t help but notice how many footballers chew gum while playing! I always thought of it as a choking danger, so why would they risk it? When we chew something, the receptors in our mouth that sense taste and pressure from the jaw movements start firing and sending electrical signals to the brain. These electrical nervous system signals move to the brain, which works to understand these signals. This added brain activity places the mind in a more attentive state, which is why focus and concentration are improved. Additionally, chewing gum has been reported to decrease stress and anxiety levels. The brain activity stimulated (刺激) by chewing gum occurs mainly in the prefrontal cortex, the front part of the brain responsible for decision-making and emotional regulation. When chewing gum, the prefrontal cortex is activated, leading to the release of a “feel-good” neurotransmitter called dopamine (多巴胺). Dopamine is known to promote a sense of pleasure and reward, helping to relieve feelings of stress and anxiety. So does this mean that the harder you chew, the better the focus levels? Yes…to an extent. Chewing harder gum does boost attention more than softer gum. Similarly, chewing flavored gum is better for cognitive (认知) functioning, as it activates more receptors in the mouth than chewing flavorless gum. With lower stress levels and better focus, athletes have better decision-making abilities in the middle of the game. It also helps them keep their anxiety levels in check during big games. Chewing gum does give your body a little boost, lifting up your spirits. That explains why athletes prefer chewing gum while playing a sport. But for the sake of safety, you’d better chew just one piece to reduce the choking risk. 8. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 probably refer to? A. Chewing gum during games. B. Suffering from sports injuries. C. Swallowing gum for pleasure. D. Choking while watching games. 9. How can chewing help improve focus? A. By affecting digestive system. B. By releasing high pressure. C. By adding muscle strength. D. By stimulating the brain. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Gum proves a healthy snack for athletes. B. Chewing gum benefits mental health. C. Dopamine contributes to better focus. D. Brain activity helps relieve anxiety. 11. What is the author’s attitude to chewing gum? A. Hopeful. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了足球运动员在比赛时嚼口香糖的原因。嚼口香糖可以提高注意力和集中力。此外，嚼口香糖还能降低压力和焦虑水平。但为了安全起见，建议只嚼一块口香糖以减少窒息风险。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“I love watching football games and couldn’t help but notice how many footballers chew gum while playing!(我喜欢看足球比赛，而且忍不住注意到有多少足球运动员在比赛时嚼口香糖！)”以及“I always thought of it as a choking danger(我一直认为这是一种窒息的危险。)”可知，作者总是会看到很多足球运动员在比赛时嚼口香糖，作者认为这是一种窒息的风险，可是为什么有人愿意冒这个风险即冒着在比赛时嚼口香糖有可能会窒息的风险。故划线词指代的内容与A选项“Chewing gum during games.(在比赛时嚼口香糖。)”相符。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When we chew something, the receptors in our mouth that sense taste and pressure from the jaw movements start firing and sending electrical signals to the brain. (当我们咀嚼东西时，我们嘴里的感受器负责感知颚部运动的味道和压力，并向大脑发送电波信号。)”以及本段中“These electrical nervous system signals move to the brain, which works to understand these signals. This added brain activity places the mind in a more attentive state, which is why focus and concentration are improved.( 这些电子神经系统信号传递到大脑，大脑负责理解这些信号。这种增加的大脑活动使大脑处于更专注的状态，这就是为什么注意力和集中力得到提高。)”可知，嚼东西时口腔内的感受器会向大脑发送信号，这种大脑活动使大脑更加警觉，从而提高了注意力和集中力。故选D。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Additionally, chewing gum has been reported to decrease stress and anxiety levels. (此外，据报道，嚼口香糖可以减少压力和焦虑水平。)”以及“When chewing gum, the prefrontal cortex is activated, leading to the release of a “feel-good” neurotransmitter called dopamine(多巴胺). Dopamine is known to promote a sense of pleasure and reward, helping to relieve feelings of stress and anxiety.(嚼口香糖时，前额皮质被激活，导致释放一种叫做多巴胺的“感觉良好”的神经递质。众所周知，多巴胺能促进愉悦感和奖励感，有助于缓解压力和焦虑感。)”可知，第三段主要讨论了嚼口香糖如何通过激活大脑的前额叶皮层，释放多巴胺来降低压力和焦虑水平，这对心理健康有益。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With lower stress levels and better focus, athletes have better decision-making abilities in the middle of the game. It also helps them keep their anxiety levels in check during big games. Chewing gum does give your body a little boost, lifting up your spirits. (由于压力水平较低，注意力较集中，运动员在比赛中有更好的决策能力。这也有助于他们在大型比赛期间控制焦虑水平。嚼口香糖确实能给你的身体一点刺激，提振你的精神。)”可知，作者在最后一段中提到，嚼口香糖可以提升情绪，提升运动员的注意力以及控制焦虑水平。这表明作者对嚼口香糖持支持态度。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Unit 4 History and Traditions Listening and Speaking 人教版2019必修第二册 目 录 Lead-in Pronunciation Listening and Speaking Listening and Talking Learning objectives: At the end of this lesson, students are able to: 1. collect some information about two historic sites, Confucius and his ideas on education; 2. Practice taking shorthand while listening; 3. Distinguish the linking sounds. 4. Understand some English idioms in the conversation; 5. Talk about your understanding of Confucius’ ideas on education. Lead-in： How many historic sites do you know? shop on internet Lead-in： What can you say about these places? Temple of Confucius Kong Family Mansion Cemetery of Confucius It is the world’s most famous and _________ Confucius temple. largest It is the Kong Family Mansion.This is the home of the _______________of Confucius. Today this is a museum. descendants Lead-in： Who is the person? What do you know about the person? He was a great philosopher and educator. Confucius  (551-479 BC ) a great teacher and philosopher （哲学家） 曲阜 A British tourist,William, asks a Chinese,Xiao Kong, for directions when he wants to visit the Confucius Temple. On the way to the Confucius Temple,they talk about Confucius and his ideas. Listening and Speaking： Listening and Speaking： Listen to the conversation and write down what they say about Confucius. Fact/ Opinion about Confucius William Confucius is one of his ____________________; He is a ___________; He lived __________ years ago. Xiao Kong Confucius has over ____________descendants; He was a great ________ and had many ______ about __________ He was one of the greatest _______ in history. favourite philosophers wise man over 2500 3 million educator education ideas minds Listening and Speaking： Listen again and decide whether these statements are true(T), false(F), or not mentioned(NM). Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion. Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy. As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree. Dacheng Hall is the tallest building in Qufu. T F NM T F NM T F NM T F NM reflecting Confucius’ ideas on education ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Listening and Speaking： Now discuss and answer the following question： Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu? A. There are famous halls in his hometown. B. There are no tall buildings in his hometown. C. Both places have a famous person who was born there. D. His hometown doesn’t allow other buildings to be more noticeable than the historic buildings. ✔ Listening and Speaking： Write down the English idioms in the conversation, explain meanings and think about Chinese equivalents. English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent Achilles’ heel pull one’s leg fish out of water An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. Idiom An idiom is an expression which means something different the meaning of the individual words. Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning. Other idioms can only be understood from the content in which they appear. Achilles was a hero in Greek mythology. When he was a baby, a prophecy said he would die young. So his mother took him to a magical river to make him invincible. She held him by his heel as she put him under the water. Later he became a great soldier, winning many battles and couldn’t be defeated. However, one day he was shot with a poisonous arrow in his heel. Because his heel did not go into the magical river as a baby, he died. That is why the idiom today means someone’s weakness. An Achilles’ heel is a fatal weakness in overall strength that can lead to one’s downfall or death. Achilles’ heel Something that is someone’s weakness W: Oh, that's great! So later we can go for a cup of tea and have a chat about it. And it would be great if you could take me somewhere to get my watch fixed. X: OK, no problem！So come and meet my study group—we can tell you all about the temple. And how long are you staying in Qufu? I can show you the Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion as well. W: Really? That's so kind! I need all the help I can get—I'm like ________________． a fish out of water English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent fish out of water someone who feels uncomfortable because they are in an unfamiliar place 如芒刺背 Listening and Speaking： Listening and Speaking： W: Excuse me, do you speak English? I'm looking for the Confucius Temple, but I'm not good at maps—they're my Achilles' heel! X: Oh, hello, yes. Come with me—I'm going to the temple right now. By the way, what does “Achilles' heel” mean? W: Oh, it means that something is _____________ —I'm really bad with maps! So do you know much about Confucius? He's one of my favourite philosophers. He was such a wise man. X: Oh, yes. I was born here. In fact, I believe I am a descendant of Confucius himself. my weakness English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent Achilles’ heel something that is someone’s weakness 弱点，要害 Listening and Speaking： W: No way, you're pulling my leg, right? So how do you know you're related to Confucius? Didn't he live over 2,500 years ago? X: Yes, but his family tree is well recorded. He has over three million descendants. Sorry again, what does “pulling my leg” mean? W: Oh, sorry, it means to __________________ . Anyway, so you're actually going to the temple to pay respects to your relative? joke with someone English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent pull one’s leg joke with someone 戏弄 Listening and Speaking： Write down the English idioms in the conversation, explain meanings and think about Chinese equivalents. Idiom English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent Archilles’ heel Pull one’s leg Fish out of water someone’s weakness to joke with someone 软肋；弱点 戏弄 someone who feels uncomfortable in an unfamiliar place 如芒在背 Think of more idioms you know: a piece of cake teach fish to swim a hard nut get out of hand pull a rabbit out of a hat pull yourself together 小菜一碟 班门弄斧 冥顽不化的人 失控 使出奇招 恢复镇定;控制自己 19 Listening and Speaking： What do you know about Confucius’ ideas on education? Education was one of Confucius’ core values. He believed learning about the past would help us know the future. He thought education helped build our confidence which would help bring peace and prosperity. He also thought it was important to use and apply what we have learnt in our education. Listening and Speaking： What else do you know about Confucius and his philosophy? Confucius was a great thinker, educator, and philosopher. His principles had a great influence on Chinese traditions and beliefs. He believed strongly in strong family loyalty and respect for others. He believed in the so-called “golden rule” of philosophy: Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you. Pronunciation： Read this part of the poem “If—” written by British poet Rudyard Kipling. If you can make one heap of all your winnings And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss, And lose, and start again at your beginnings And never breathe a word about your loss; If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew To serve your turn long after they are gone, And so hold on when there is nothing in you Except the Will which says to them: “Hold on!” Pronunciation： Read the poem and mark the linking sounds after the model. If you can make one heap of all your winnings And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss, And lose, and start again at your beginnings And never breathe a word about your loss; If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew To serve your turn long after they are gone, And so hold on when there is nothing in you Except the Will which says to them: ‘Hold on!’ Listening and Talking： Listen to the conversation and tick the places mentioned. Ancient Government Office Rishengchang Bank  Zhengguosi Temple Ming-Qing Street Wang Family Courtyard  the city wall Qiao Family Courtyard Shuanglin Temple  Mount Mian √ √ √ √ I had expected something different. Paul sounded _____________ It was like walking into history. Paul sounded _________ It wasn’t as big as I had expected. Paul sounded ____________ Some of the snacks there are amazing. Xiao Yan sounded _________ I had no idea there would be so many tourists. Paul sounded _____________ Wow, I can’t believe you didn’t see the wall. Xiao Yan sounded ___________ disappointed amazed disappointed amazed surprised surprised Listening and Talking： Complete the sentences to describe how the speakers felt. Listening and Talking： Imagine one of you has just visited some historic sites. Work in pairs and role-play the conversation below.   I had no idea ... I didn’t know. I was eager / surprised to see / learn / hear that … It was so much fun! It was a little disappointing. It wasn’t as good / interesting / fun as I’d expected. Expressing excitement, surprise, and disappointment Homework： Write a brief introduction about a historic site you have visited, introducing its history and importance. Thank You ! Listening and Speaking 人教版2019必修第二册 $$ Unit 4 Listening and Speaking分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词。 1.I don’t think it will work but I’ll try _______（无论如何）. 2.He _______(对比) the two different economic systems in his speech. 3.Judging from your _______（口音），you come from the West，if I’m not mistaken. 4.We could just see the outline of the house in the distance through the ________（薄雾）. 5.The early settlers _______(归因于) their survival to hard work and determination to succeed. 6.She felt there was something wrong，but couldn’t give ________(清楚易懂的) reasons. 7.If you want to sell your house，why not put an ________（广告） in the newspaper? 8.Being too anxious to help an event develop often results in the _________(相反的事情) to our intention. 二、（2024·高一课时练习）根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.One interesting aspect of this bilingual series is that it caters to both the domestic and foreign markets, especially in both reading for ________ (pleasant) and language learning. 2.As is known to us, ________ (curtain) are large pieces of material which hang from the top of a window. 3.Leave a basin of water outside in ________ (freeze) weather. 4.A storm of laughter ________ (arise) and even the tiniest child joined in. 5.The animal was still ________ (breathe), so we knew it was still alive. 6.To my ________ (astonish), he has made such rapid progress in English this term. 7.For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________ (connect). 8.While waiting for the opportunity to get ________ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 9.________ (absorb) in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching. 10.Clearly and thoughtfully ________ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. 三、（2024·高一课时练习）根据要求转换下列句子。 1.Film has a much shorter history, especially when it is compared to such art forms as music and painting.(升级为省略句) Film has a much shorter history, especially ___________. 2.As he was raised in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.(升级为过去分词作状语) ____________________ of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. 3.When he was asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.(升级为省略句) ____________________，he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. 4.As he was attracted by the latest electronic toys, the little boy stood in front of the windows, without moving.(升级为过去分词作状语) ____________________ ，the little boy stood in front of the windows, without moving. 5.If they were give the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.(升级为过去分词作状语) ____________________，these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars. 6.When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful.(过去分词作状语) →________________ the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 7.If we were given more time, we could do it much better.(过去分词作状语) →_______________， we could do it much better. 8.Because he was greatly touched by his teacher's words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.(过去分词作状语) →_______________ his teacher's words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates. 9.Turned down many times, the man didn't lose heart.(让步状语从句) →______________ many times, the man didn't lose heart. 知识应用 四、（四川省名校2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末）阅读理解 Swimming in schools (群体) has massive energy-saving benefits for fish. A study by Zhang and Lauder from Harvard University has found that fish use half as much energy swimming at high speeds if they are in a school rather than alone, and they also recover in nearly half the time. It has long been thought that swimming in schools reduces energy use in addition to various other benefits. But measuring energy use in free-swimming fish is not easy, not least because as fish swim faster they can no longer produce enough energy using only the oxygen they take in via their gills (鳃) — aerobic respiration (有氧呼吸) and start using energy reserves stored in muscles — anaerobic respiration (厌氧呼吸). In the study, Zhang and Lauder put an individual fish and schools of around eight fish in long, narrow sealed tunnels where the speed of the water flow can be easily controlled. They then measured oxygen consumption. Different from previous studies, the pair kept measuring oxygen consumption for at least 19 hours after the fish swam at a certain speed. They found that at low speeds — between 0 and 3 body lengths per second — there was little difference in energy use between schools and single fish. But at higher speeds fish in schools used a lot less energy. At 7 body lengths per second, for instance, on average each fish in a school used 53 per cent less energy than single fish. At this speed the schooling fish were still getting 50 percent of their energy from aerobic respiration, whereas the single fish were getting just 20 per cent, relying on anaerobic sources for the other 80 per cent. “This study is exciting because it shows an indirect but overlooked benefit of these energy savings, which means fish have more energy to spend searching for food, digesting meals or avoiding predators.” says Shaun Killenat the University of Glasgow in the UK. 12. When fish swim at high speeds, they ________. A. consume no energy B. seldom breathe C. need more energy D. relax now and then 13. How did Zhang and Lauder do their research? A. By analyzing existing data. B. By conducting an experiment. C. By learning from previous studies. D. By observing fish in natural environment. 14. What can we infer from paragraph 4? A. The schooling fish save energy more efficiently. B. A single fish always uses more energy in swimming. C. Fish in schools swim faster than a single fish. D. Speed has nothing to do with energy consumption. 15. Where can we find the text? A. In a duty report. B. In a published book. C. In a science magazine. D. In a travel brochure. 五、（江苏省镇江市实验高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期学情调研）七选五 Anyone who has studied a foreign language knows how difficult it is to become really fluent. 16 Find a conversation partner Try to find someone in your school who is a native speaker and ask him or her to meet with you regularly to have conversations in that language. 17 Watch TV Try to find a foreign language TV station and watch often. At first the actors will seem to speak too quickly, but try to recognize a few words or phrases. 18 Pay attention to patterns of pronunciation and the way that the voices rise and fall when questions are asked and statements are made. Children’s shows are great for learning and reviewing basic concepts. Go out and practice If you are visiting a foreign country and trying to learn the language, you’ll want to take every chance to go out and practice. 19 Successfully making a purchase (购买) or getting information in a foreign language will help you become more confident. Going grocery shopping in your hometown may not be very interesting, but in a foreign country things are different. 20 A．They actually became less fluent speakers. B．Later it’ll become easier to follow the dialogues. C．Any situation can be an interesting learning experience. D．Are you trying to learn a new language in a foreign land? E．Here are some suggestions to help you practice your language skills. F．Each day make a habit of going to a place like a shop, restaurant or bank. G．Talking to someone with whom you feel comfortable is a great way to get experience with actual usage. 六、（山东名校考试联盟2023-2024学年高一年级下学期期中检测）阅读理解 I love watching football games and couldn’t help but notice how many footballers chew gum while playing! I always thought of it as a choking danger, so why would they risk it? When we chew something, the receptors in our mouth that sense taste and pressure from the jaw movements start firing and sending electrical signals to the brain. These electrical nervous system signals move to the brain, which works to understand these signals. This added brain activity places the mind in a more attentive state, which is why focus and concentration are improved. Additionally, chewing gum has been reported to decrease stress and anxiety levels. The brain activity stimulated (刺激) by chewing gum occurs mainly in the prefrontal cortex, the front part of the brain responsible for decision-making and emotional regulation. When chewing gum, the prefrontal cortex is activated, leading to the release of a “feel-good” neurotransmitter called dopamine (多巴胺). Dopamine is known to promote a sense of pleasure and reward, helping to relieve feelings of stress and anxiety. So does this mean that the harder you chew, the better the focus levels? Yes…to an extent. Chewing harder gum does boost attention more than softer gum. Similarly, chewing flavored gum is better for cognitive (认知) functioning, as it activates more receptors in the mouth than chewing flavorless gum. With lower stress levels and better focus, athletes have better decision-making abilities in the middle of the game. It also helps them keep their anxiety levels in check during big games. Chewing gum does give your body a little boost, lifting up your spirits. That explains why athletes prefer chewing gum while playing a sport. But for the sake of safety, you’d better chew just one piece to reduce the choking risk. 8. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 probably refer to? A. Chewing gum during games. B. Suffering from sports injuries. C. Swallowing gum for pleasure. D. Choking while watching games. 9. How can chewing help improve focus? A. By affecting digestive system. B. By releasing high pressure. C. By adding muscle strength. D. By stimulating the brain. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Gum proves a healthy snack for athletes. B. Chewing gum benefits mental health. C. Dopamine contributes to better focus. D. Brain activity helps relieve anxiety. 11. What is the author’s attitude to chewing gum? A. Hopeful. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$