UNIT3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 过去将来时 [教材示例] 观察并思考黑体部分的功能与构成 1．And the next day would be Christmas. 2．If she was to buy a nice gift for her husband Jim，she would need more money. 3．She was going to sell her hair. 4．With the money she received for it，she would buy Jim a perfect gift. 5．Would Jim still think she was pretty? 6．She was about to find out. [我的发现] 1．过去将来时描述从过去某一时间看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某个状态。 2．过去将来时的结构为①would＋动词原形如句1、句2、句4和句5；②was/were_to＋动词原形如句2；③was/were_going_to＋动词原形如句3；④was/were_about_to＋动词原形如句6。 一、基本概念 　过去将来时表示对过去某一时间来说将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，常用在宾语从句中。这个时态是一个相对的时态，立足于过去某时，从过去的观点看未来。在一定的语境中也可用于其他从句或句子中。 Mary told me that she would go to Shanghai by plane. 玛丽告诉我说她将要坐飞机去上海。 He said he would come here next Friday. 他说他下周五来这儿。 I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道当我们陷入困境时他会帮助我们。 二、常见结构及其用法 1．would＋动词原形 (1)表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。 He said that he would wait for us at the bus stop. 他说他要在车站等我们。 She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。 (2)表示过去的某种习惯性行为，只用would。 Whenever we had trouble，he would come to help us. 每当我们遇到困难时，他总会来帮助我们。 2．“was/were going to＋动词原形”表示过去的“预见”或“意图”，也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事，可以和表示将来的时间状语连用。 Last night，my parents told me that they were going to visit Guilin with me during the Spring Festival. 昨晚，我父母告诉我他们计划春节期间带我游览桂林。 3．“was/were about to＋动词原形”表示“正要、即将”，说话的瞬间就会发生的动作。常用于句型“be about to do...when...”，表示“正要做……这时……”。 I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。 We were about to set out on a trip when it suddenly began to rain heavily. 我们正要出发去旅行，这时突然下起了大雨。 4．“was/were to＋动词原形”通常指过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情，可以和表示将来的时间状语连用。 The building was to be completed the next month. 这座建筑将在下个月竣工。 I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time. 我感到紧张，因为我很快就要第一次离开家了。 5．表示位移的动词，如come，go，leave，arrive，return，start等，可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。 I was going to the theatre，but in the end I went to the cinema. 我本打算去剧院，但是最后去了电影院。 He hurried into the carriage.The train was leaving in a few minutes. 他匆忙挤进车厢，还有几分钟火车就要开了。 6．在条件和时间状语从句中，要表示过去将来时须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 He said he would call me as soon as the result came out. 他说结果一出来他就给我打电话。 I promised that I would visit him if it didn't rain that day. 我许诺如果那天不下雨的话我就去看望他。 I didn't know when she would come，but when she came I would let you know. 我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。 过 去 将 来 时 基本 概念 过去将来时表示对过去某一时间来说将要发生的动作或呈现的状态。 常见 结构 及其 用法 1.would＋动词原形。 2．“was/were going to＋动词原形”表示过去的“预见”或“意图”，也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。 3．“was/were about to＋动词原形”表示“正要、即将”，说话的瞬间就会发生的动作。 4．“was/were to＋动词原形”通常指过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情。 5．表示位移的动词，可用过去进行时态代替过去将来时态。 6．在条件和时间状语从句中，要表示过去将来时须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 earn vt.&vi.赚得；获利；赢得 (教材原句)But how could she earn some? 但是她如何才能多赚一些钱呢？ (1)earn one's/ a living　　　 谋生 earn money 挣钱 earn sb.sth. 使某人获得…… (2)earning n. 收入，收益 earnings n. 所得，工 [佳句背诵]　Your efforts will pay off in no time and earn you a good reputation. 你的努力会很快得到回报，并为你赢得一个好名声。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①As a matter of fact，earning (earn) much money doesn't mean happiness. ②The company's earnings_(earn) have dropped by 5% in the first quarter. ③He earned his (he) living by selling newspapers when he was young. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④作为一种新的售货方式，直播带货最近引起了人们广泛关注。 Live streaming，as a new way of selling goods，has_earned_people's_wide_attention recently. have sth.done结构 (教材原句)Della had her hair cut off and sold it for twenty dollars. 德拉把头发剪掉，以二十美元的价格卖了。 have sth.done结构有两种含义：一是表示让某人做某事/让某事(被别人)做，相当于get sth.done；二是表示主语遭遇到某种不幸/蒙受损失。 (1)have sb.do sth.＝get sb.to do sth. 　　　　　　　 使/让某人做某事 (2)have sb./sth.doing sth. 使/让某人/某物持续地做某事 (3)can't/won't have sb.doing sth. 不能容忍/允许某人做某事 (4)have sth.to do “有某事要做”，此处动词不定式作后置定 [佳句背诵]　Once he makes up his mind，nothing can have him change it. 一旦他下定决心，就没有什么能让他改变。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken(take). ②I had my wallet stolen(steal) on the bus this morning. ③He could not have her getting(get) away with telling people lies! ◎能力提升——微写作 ④今天下午我不能和你出去打篮球了，因为我还有许多事情要做。 I can't go out to play basketball with you this afternoon，because I have_many_things_to_do． pass down 使世代相传，流传 (教材原句)She found it at last：a simple but beautiful watch chain for his gold watch，which had been passed down to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了：一条简洁又美丽的表链，和他的金表很配，那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。 pass sth.on (to sb.)/pass on sth.(to sb.) 　　　　　　　　　　 传递/转交某物(给某人) pass through 通过；经历 pass over 忽略，不注意 pass sth.down 把某物传给后世 pass away 死亡；消失；(时间)消 [佳句背诵]　Culture，traditions and values are passed down from generation to generation through schools. 文化、传统和价值观念通过学校被代代相传。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The old gentleman passed on much of his fortune to_his daughter. ②He has passed through_many difficulties during the experiments. ◎能力提升——微写作 ③我收到父母的消息说我心爱的爷爷去世了。 I received a message from my parents that my beloved grandpa had_passed_away． promote vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升 (教材原句)Read the article below and make a list of the reasons why we should promote traditional festivals. 读下面这篇文章，列出我们应该提倡传统节日的理由。 (1)promote sb. (from sth.) to sth. 　　　　　　　　　 把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 be promoted to... 被提升为…… (2)promotion n. 提升，晋级，促进 get promotion 获得晋 [佳句背诵]　(2020·江苏高考)Technological innovations，combined with good marketing，will promote the sales of these products. 技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将会促进这些产品的销售。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①She worked hard and soon was_promoted (promote)from a saleswoman to a manager. ②Joe Biden was promoted to the 46th President of the United States. ③The techniques of sales promotion(promote) are varied and numerous. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④当等升职的机会到来的时候，Herry尽他最大努力去做好他的本职工作。 While waiting for the opportunity to get_promoted，Herry did his best to perform his duty. fall on 适逢，正当 (教材原句)The Double Ninth Festival (the Chongyang Festival)，which has a history of over 2，000 years，falls on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. 双九节(重阳节)是中国农历九月初九，已有2 000多年的历史。 fall behind　　　　　 落后；跟不上 fall for... 上……的当，受……的骗 fall over 跌倒 fall in love with sb. 爱上某人 fall off 减少；跌 [佳句背诵]　The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese lunar calendar. 端午节适逢中国农历的五月初五。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①He's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter，including things that fall off_garbage trucks. ②We may fall behind others in our lessons，which makes us stressed. ③ They find that some consumers tend to fall for this kind of trick. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④这个男人多年前爱上了她。 The man fell_in_love_with_her many years ago. observe vt.遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 (教材原句)...but how many people today still observe this tradition? ……但是如今还有多少人仍然遵循这个传统呢？ (1)observe Christmas/New Year's Day/festivals 　　　　　　　　　　 庆祝圣诞/元旦/节日 observe (2)observation n. 观察；注意；监视；评论 (3)observer n. 遵守者，观察者 [佳句背诵]　When we observe festivals，we must also observe the traffic rules. 当我们庆祝节日的时候，我们也必须遵守交通规则。 [名师点津]　observe后可加省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中，动词不定式作主语补足语时，to不能省略。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①It is a study based on observation(s)(observe) of a group of 20 patients. ②The traffic rules must_be_observed (observe) in our country. ◎能力提升——微写作 ③虽然小偷很小心，但他昨晚进商店偷东西还是被发现并抓住了。 Although the thief was careful，he was still observed to_steal_into_the_shop last night and caught. honour n．尊敬，尊重；荣幸；荣誉 vt.尊重，尊敬，给予表扬；信守 (教材原句)The Dragon Boat Festival，for example，is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan，a great poet living in the Warring States period of ancient China. 例如，端午节是为了纪念中国古代战国时期的伟大诗人屈原。 (1)in honour of　　　　　 为向……表示敬意，为了纪念…… be an honour to... 是……的光荣 It is an honour to do sth. 很荣幸做某事 (2)honour sb.(with sth.) 尊敬，尊重(某人) be/feel honoured to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸 (3)honourable adj. 光荣的，值得尊敬 [佳句背诵]　Would you do me the honour of dining with me? 你能赏光和我一块吃饭吗？ ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①I feel very honoured (honour) to have been asked to attend this meeting. ②He who died fighting for his country is the most honourable (honour)and glorious among the dead. ③A temple was built in honour of the brave dragon. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④因姚明在NBA中的出色表现，人们很尊敬他。 People honour Yao Ming for_his_excellent_performance in the NBA. 维度一　单词拼写 1．Many families on low incomes(收入) will be unable to afford to buy their own home. 2．The police are trying to discover the identity (身份)of the killer. 3．Your local library will be a useful source (来源)of information. 4．You can visit the whole palace except for the private apartments(公寓). 5．A city is like any product and it has to be packaged (包装)properly to be attractive to the consumer. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．His birthday falls on Sunday this year. 2．I've hunted for my watch everywhere，but I can't find it. 3．It was his long absence from work without permission that delayed his promotion (promote). 4．Previous to this，she'd always been well. 5．I enjoy burning the midnight oil reading about other people's observations(observe)and discoveries. 维度三　完成句子 1．我走过草地时，看见他正在散步。(observe) When I passed by the grass，I observed_him_walking． 2．能认识您不胜荣幸。(honour) It's a great pleasure to have_the_honour_of_making your acquaintance. 3．母亲会把纺织传统传给女儿。(pass down) The mother would pass_down weaving traditions to her daughter. 课时精练(十)　Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　单句语法填空 1．Whenever he was in trouble，we would_give(give) him a hand. 2．I was told that the train was_leaving(leave) in a few minutes. 3．We are_flying(fly) to Shanghai next Friday to attend an important meeting. 4．Li Ming said he would be happy if Brian came(come) to China the next month. 5．They wanted to know when you would_finish(finish) the article. 6．It was announced that a professor would_give(give) us a lecture on the weekend. 7．When I was a little boy，my mother would_take(take) me to attend some wedding ceremonies. 8．He told us that he was_going(go) to attend the meeting to be held in our school hall. 维度二　完成句子 1．他两小时后将赴伦敦和经理会面。 He is_leaving_for_London in two hours to meet with his manager. 2．据说婚礼将在下周日举行。 It was said that the wedding was_to_take_place the next Sunday. 3．上星期天，我们打算去参观长城，但下雨了。 Last Sunday，we were_going_to_visit the Great Wall，but it rained. 4．我的朋友告诉我，他下周就会来这里。 My friend told me that_he_would_come_here the next week. 5．他正要吃午饭时，门铃响了。 He was_about_to_have_lunch_when the bell rang. 维度三　语法与语篇 用所给动词的适当形式填空 I once promised that I 1.would_go(go) to see you as soon as the exam 2.finished(finish).However，I 3.was_about_to_set_off(set off) when I was told that I had to attend an activity which was 4.to_be_held(hold) on the third day after the exam in our school.My teacher told me that I 5.would_be_given(give) a chance to be a volunteer if I performed well. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Famous food festivals around the world Food festivals are held all across the world every year，and people from different parts come to these festivals in large numbers to satisfy their taste buds(味蕾). Galway International Oyster(牡蛎) and Seafood Festival Galway，Ireland September 26 to September 29，2021 This is the world's longest running oyster festival，first appeared in 1954.Apart from the excellent seafood that is served，the festival also features some exciting events such as oyster eating contest，live music，tasting parties，etc. International Mango(芒果) Festival New Delhi，India June 30 to July 2，2021 This festival is a celebration of everything about mangoes.It features the different kinds of mangoes and the various food items that are made from them.The festival also holds a number of special events such as mango­eating competitions，mango­tasting events，quiz competitions，and plenty of traditional and folk performances. Garlic (大蒜) Festival The Isle of Wight，England August 17 to August 18，2021 This is one of the largest events that the Isle of Wight hosts each year，and it shows recipes made from garlic.Some foods made out of garlic and garlic beer are available(可得到的) there.The festival also features live music and a country fair. The Crave Sydney International Food Festival Sydney，Australia October 1 to October 31，2021 This festival attracts a number of famous international chefs each year as visitors to experience the best of Australian food.From fine dining at famous restaurants to street food to cooking classes，this event has a lot in store for a visitor. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了不同地方的四个美食节，介绍了它们举办的日期、内容等信息。 1．If you are only free at the beginning of July，you can go to ________． A．Garlic Festival B．International Mango Festival C．The Crave Sydney International Food Festival D．Galway International Oyster and Seafood Festival B　[细节理解题。由International Mango(芒果) Festival下的“June 30 to July 2，2021”可知，国际芒果节的举办时间是在2021年6月30日至7月2日之间，与你休息的时间吻合。故选B。] 2．If you want to enjoy seafood，you should go to ________． A．Galway B．Sydney C．New Delhi D．the Isle of Wight A　[细节理解题。由Galway International Oyster(牡蛎) and Seafood Festival这个标题可以知道，这是在高威举办的一个牡蛎海鲜美食节。所以你应该去Galway(高威)。故选A。] 3．A chef is advised to take part in ________． A．Garlic Festival B．International Mango Festival C．The Crave Sydney International Food Festival D．Galway International Oyster and Seafood Festival C　[细节理解题。由The Crave Sydney International Food Festival下的“This festival attracts a number of...the best of Australian food.”可知，一个厨师应该去The Crave Sydney International Food Festival。故选C。] B Trick­or­treating is the main Halloween activity for children and families.Children dress up in costumes and then go door­to­door to ask for candy，while singing “Trick­or­treat！Trick­or­treat！Give me something good to eat! ” Even people without children enjoy dressing up in costumes and giving out candy to children who come to their door.This year，however，COVID­19 means Halloween will look a little different. Trick­or­treating presents health worries in the time of COVID­19.Children usually need to get close to the person giving out the candy.It is difficult to stay a safe distance away.Each area of the United States is dealing with trick­or­treating differently.Many cities and states have canceled trick­or­treating.And many parents are still considering whether to let their children go trick­or­treating. In Chicago's Lincoln Park neighborhood，Jamie Bender is a mom of two kids，ages 3 and 5.She said she was still considering whether her family would go trick­or­treating.“If our neighbors are wearing masks when they open the door，” she said，“we will let the kids trick­or­treat a few houses.” Bender added she would then clean the candy covers before letting her children eat it. People are thinking of safer ways to give candy to trick­or­treating.Some say they will use long sticks or other tools to safely send candy from a distance.Others say they will just throw candy to children and hope it lands close by. Fifteen­year­old Alina Morse lives in Detroit，Michigan.She developed a candy company.She also created a Halloween Tree.The tree lets children pick a piece of candy (or two，or three) but still stay physically distanced.Alina told the AP that “selecting a treat from the tree makes the safe，self­serve experience much more fun.” Miranda Leon of Albany，Georgia，still plans to buy Halloween candy.And she plans to take her children to trick­or­treat and give out candy. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于新冠肺炎，美国不同地区庆祝万圣节的形式也有所不同。 4．What's the problem with trick­or­treating this year? A．Wasting too much money. B．Cutting close to each other. C．Lacking support from parents. D．Bringing misunderstanding for each other. B　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“今年的新冠肺炎意味着万圣节将有所不同。”和第三段前三句可知，不给糖就捣蛋的形式在新冠肺炎时期产生了对健康的担忧。孩子们通常需要接近发糖果的人。保持安全距离是很困难的。因此，新冠肺炎切断了人们彼此之间的亲近距离。] 5．In which situation will Jamie allow her children to trick­or­treat? A．Neighbors wear masks to meet her children. B．Neighbors give candy to her children with a long stick. C．Neighbors clean the candy covers before handing it out. D．Neighbors create a Halloween tree with a lot of candy. A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“‘If our neighbors are wearing masks when they open the door，’she said，‘we will let the kids trick­or­treat a few houses.’”可知，当邻居戴着口罩给孩子们开门时，Jamie Bender会让孩子们玩“不给糖就捣蛋”的游戏。] 6．How did Alina protect children from COVID­19? A．By giving them candy in her house. B．By throwing candy to them from a distance. C．By preventing them playing trick­or­treating. D．By asking them to pick candy by themselves. D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中第三、四、五句可知，她还做了一棵万圣节树。这棵树可以让孩子们选择一块糖果(或者两块，或者三块) ，但是仍然保持身体上的距离。Alina 告诉美联社“从树上挑选食物会让安全自助的体验更有趣。”因此，Alina 是让孩子们自己从万圣节树上摘取糖果来保持距离。] 7．What can be the best title for the text? A．COVID­19 Brings Loss to Candy Makers B．Children Spend a Dull Halloween This Year C．COVID­19 Changes Halloween Celebrations D．No Children Ask Neighbors for Candy on Halloween C　[标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句可知，然而，今年的新冠肺炎意味着万圣节将有所不同。同时结合下面段落中列举的具体事例，可知新冠肺炎改变了万圣节的庆祝形式。] C The traditional Chinese lunar calendar(农历)divides the year into 24 solar terms(节气).Start of Winter，the 19th solar term of the year，begins on Nov.7 and ends on Nov.21 in 2020. Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter，which means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up. In ancient times，the Start of Winter was regarded as the beginning of winter，however，due to geographical factors，the actual winter time varies from place to place. In fact，the Start of Winter is not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology(气象学).The weather every year is different，so the beginning of winter could be quite different.And as China is very large，it starts at different times in different areas. The beginnings of the four seasons were important festivals in ancient times.Before the Start of Winter，the ancient emperor would take a shower and have no more meat.On that day，the emperor would lead his officials to the countryside and “welcome the winter”． People eat dumplings on the Start of Winter.Legend has it that in the late Eastern Han Dynasty，Zhang Zhongjing invented “Jiao Ear”(娇耳)to treat typhoid(伤寒) patients with ear frostbite(冻疮).He cooked mutton，hot peppers and herbs to drive out the cold and warm up the body.He put these materials into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape.Since then，people have learned to make the food which became known as “dumpling” or jiaozi.Today there is still a saying that goes “Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day，or your ears will be frostbitten.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了二十四节气中的立冬节气，解释了立冬节气的含义、时间和人们在立冬时节的风俗习惯。 8．Which of the following is right about Start of Winter? A．It is one of the solar terms in Chinese calendar. B．People begin to harvest crops on this day. C．Winter begins on November 7 this year. D．It begins in different months in different places. A　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句立冬是一年中的第19个节气，2020年立冬节气开始于11月7号，结束于11月21号可知，立冬是二十四节气中的一个。故选A。] 9．What does “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The Start of Winter. B．The change of weather. C．The important festival. D．The beginning of winter. D　[代词指代题。根据上一句话每年的天气是不一样的，所以冬天的开始也可能是不一样的，再根据代词的指代原则，“代词指代上句出现的人，物或事”，可知，本句的it代指上一句中的“the beginning of winter”。故选D。] 10．What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about? A．Importance of Start of Winter. B．Customs of Start of Winter. C．Origin(起源)of Start of Winter. D．Food eaten on Start of Winter. B　[段落大意题。根据倒数第二段在立冬之前，古代的皇帝会洗澡，戒肉。在当天，皇帝会带领他的官员们来到乡村迎接冬天，以及最后一段张仲景用炖羊肉、辣椒和草药来驱赶寒冷，温暖身体，可知，文章后两段主要在讲古代的时候，在立冬节气人们的一些习俗。故选B。] 11．Why do people eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day? A．Because dumplings can drive away typhoid. B．Because they wish for good luck for themselves. C．Because eating dumplings can warm up their ears. D．Because they want to prevent the coming of winter. B　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句今天仍然有谚语，“立冬时节吃饺子，否则耳朵冻下来。”可知，现在的生活条件提高了，人们吃饺子不再只是为了驱寒，而是带着一种对自己的美好祝愿。故选B。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 If you have children，you know that keeping peace in your family can be difficult.One minute your children are getting along well and the next minute they're mad with each other.So taking steps to encourage healthy sibling (兄弟姐妹) relationships is necessary. Respect each child's unique needs Treating your children the same way isn't always practical.__1__．For example，instead of buying your children the same gifts to avoid conflict，consider buying them different gifts that reflect their individual interests. Avoid comparisons Comparing your children's abilities can make them feel hurt and insecure.__2__．When praising one of your children，describe his or her action or accomplishment—rather than comparing it to how his or her sibling does it. __3___ Make sure your children understand what you consider acceptable and unacceptable behavior when it comes to interacting with each other，as well as the consequences of misbehavior.For example，discourage your children from quarreling and correcting each other. Prepare for the problems If your children can't settle a disagreement by themselves or they routinely fight over the same things，help them find a solution.For example，if you have young children who have trouble sharing，help them create a weekly sharing.__4__． Listen to your children __5__．Allow your children to voice their bad feelings about each other.Respond by admitting their feelings.If you have siblings，share stories of your own childhood conflicts.Family dinners also provide opportunities for talking and listening. Remember，all siblings fight or argue.Sibling rivalry(竞争) is normal and all you have to do is to help control conflicts between your kids. A．Set the ground rules B．Being a sibling can be annoying C．Stay away from children's battles D．Focus on meeting each child's needs E．Explain the results of not following it F．Don't discuss the differences between children in front of them G．When possible，take your child aside to discuss his or her behavior 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何培养兄弟姐妹间的和睦关系。 1．D　[根据小标题Respect each child's unique needs和后句“For example，... that reflect their individual interests.”可知，作者建议父母尊重并满足孩子的不同需求。所以选项D“Focus on meeting each child's needs.(专注于满足每个孩子的需求。)”符合上下文语境。] 2．F　[根据前句“Comparing your children's abilities can make them feel hurt and insecure.”及本段内容可知，这一段主要讲的是不要比较不同孩子的能力。所以选项F “Don't discuss the differences between children in front of them.(不要在孩子们面前讨论他们之间的差异。)”符合上下文语境。] 3．A　[根据该段内容可知，这一段主要讲的是要让孩子知道哪些行为是可接受的，哪些行为是不可接受的。所以选项A“Set the ground rules.(制订基本规则。)”符合上下文语境。选项中的“ground rules”指基本原则、准则，与原文呼应。故选A。] 4．E　[根据前句“For example，if you have young children who have trouble sharing，help them create a weekly sharing.”可以看出这一空是作者举了一个例子来说明父母如何帮助孩子解决问题。这个例子是当孩子们不会相互分享时，父母可以帮助他们制订一个每周计划安排。由此推断，这一空应该与父母制订计划这一举动有关。所以选项E“Explain the results of not following it.(解释不遵循它的结果。)”符合上下文语境。] 5．B　[根据后句“Allow your children to voice their bad feelings about each other.”可知，兄弟姐妹之间的争吵可能很烦人。所以选项B“Being a sibling can be annoying.”符合上下文语境。且B选项中的“annoying”与后句中的“bad feelings about each other”呼应。故选B。] Ⅲ.语法填空 I have even wondered if money buys happiness.It seems that money will allow me to buy the things 1.________ make me happy.But one day I sat down and made a list of the things I wanted 2.________ (do) in my life.I realized I'd never put much thought into it.I'd written down these things—like taking a photo on the mountain and staying at a hotel in Dubai，but I didn't really plan to do it，3.________ (simple) because I didn't have the time. My life consisted 4.________ heading to the office，running on the road，working some more...It didn't matter if my salary doubled；the life would stay 5.________ same.Sure I'd probably drive a 6.________ (nice) car，move into a bigger place，and have a bigger TV than my friends，but that wasn't helping me realize any of my goals.Six months after 7.________ (create) that list，my belief has changed.I'd keep working on my list，for 8.________ (experience) were much more important than any of the material items.It's not hard to create opportunity for 9.________ (you).All it 10.________ (take) is a little creative thinking. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过自己的故事说明了这样一个道理：经历比物质的东西更重要。 1．解析：　that/which　考查定语从句。“______________ make me happy.”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the things，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应使用关系代词引导。故填that/which。 2．解析：　to do　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth. “想要做某事”是固定用法。故填to do。 3．解析：　simply　考查词性转换。位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词。故填simply。 4．解析：　of　考查介词。consist of “由……组成”是固定短语。故填of。 5．解析：　the　考查冠词。the same“同样地”是固定短语。故填the。 6．解析：　nicer　考查形容词的比较级。由“move into a bigger place，and have a bigger TV than my friends，”可知，这里应该用比较级。故填nicer。 7．解析：　creating　考查非谓语动词。介词after之后，应用动词­ing形式作宾语。故填creating。 8．解析：　experiences　考查名词的单复数。由were判断出来主语是复数。故填experiences。 9．解析：　yourself　考查代词。句意：为你自己创造机会并不困难。表示“你自己”。故填yourself。 10．解析：　takes　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词也要使用单数形式。故填takes。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$