UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ Grammar-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版2019）

UNIT 3　Family matters Section Ⅳ　Grammar 复习时态 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 精研语法　巧点拨 2 课时测评 3 初识语法　品语篇 返回 语法串烧 　　Today is Sunday.I’ve been in Canada for two months.This is the first time that I have been① away from my family for such a long time.With the help of Katia，a roommate of mine，I’ve soon got used to living without my parents around.Katia，like many other Russian girls，is② nice and lively.We became friends shortly after we met③ each other.Although her English is a little hard to understand，we enjoy chatting and we usually talk④ a lot about our own families.We’re both surprised that Chinese culture and Russian culture are⑤ so different.Now，we are planning⑥a small party for next Sunday.There，Katia will introduce⑦ me to some of her friends，one of whom has been to China several times.I just can’t wait. 我的发现 返回 ①This is the first time that...句式中，that从句用__________时。 ②在此处用__________时表示客观事实。 ③met在此处表示动作发生在过去，故用__________时。 ④由usually并结合上下文语境可知，此处用__________时表示经常性的动作。 ⑤在此处用__________时表示客观事实。 ⑥由句中的Now可知，句子用__________时，表示现在正在进行的动作。 ⑦由上句的next Sunday可知，此处说的是将要发生的事，用__________时。 现在完成 一般现在 一般过去 一般现在 一般现在 现在进行 一般将来 精研语法　巧点拨 返回 一、一般现在时 (一)构成：主语＋do/does或am/is/are (二)用法： 1．表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态。 He does his homework before dinner every evening. 他每天晚上晚饭前做作业。 2．表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与often，usually，sometimes，always等连用。 She always goes there with her parents. 她总是和父母一起去那儿。 3．表示客观真理或客观存在的事实。 The earth turns round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 4．表示计划、安排好的将来的动作。常用于表示位置转移的动词，如：go，come，arrive，leave，start，begin等。 The train for Hankou leaves at 8：00 in the morning. 开往汉口的列车于早上8点开车。 5．在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.请你一到德国就给我打电话。 6．表示(书、信、报纸、通知、牌示、广播等)“说/报道”，用一般现在时。 The radio says that there will be a heavy rain in the afternoon.广播说下午会有大雨。 7．叙述历史或在小说、戏剧中，常用一般现在时，以使其生动形象。 Jeanne is sitting in the park.Matilda walks towards her；she stops and speaks to Jeanne.珍妮正坐在公园里。玛蒂尔达走向她，停下来和她说话。 二、现在进行时 (一)构成：主语＋be(am/is/are)＋doing (二)用法： 1．表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。 Listen！Someone is playing the piano. 听！有人在弹钢琴。 2．表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定进行的动作。 We are studying Spanish this semester. 这学期我们正在学西班牙语。 3．表示将要发生的动作，一般跟时间状语，表明动作发生的时间。只用于动作动词，不用于状态动词。常见的动作动词有：arrive，begin，come，go，leave，start，stay等。 She is leaving for London tomorrow. 她明天去伦敦。 4．现在进行时可与always，forever，continually，constantly等副词连用，表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，含有抱怨、赞叹、厌倦等感情色彩。 He is always asking the same question. 他总是问同一个问题。 三、现在完成时 (一)构成：主语＋have/has＋done (二)用法： 1．表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。常与just，recently，so far，up to now，till now，ever，never等连用。 I have just cleaned my clothes.我刚洗过衣服。 2．表示从过去开始、持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用，如：for，since，these days，this year，now等。 She has taught in the school for ten years. 她在这所学校教书已经10年了。 I haven’t eaten anything since breakfast. 早饭后我就一直没有吃东西。 名师点津　表示短暂意义的动词(动作不能持续)如arrive，begin，borrow，buy，come，die，join，leave等，其现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，需要时要用相应的表示延续状态的动词替换。 His father has come to our school. 他父亲已经来到了我们学校。 His father has been in our school for 2 hours. 他父亲来我们学校已有两个小时了。 3．在时间、条件等从句中，代替将来完成时。 Once you have promised，you should keep it. 一旦许下诺言，务必遵守。 As long as you have cleaned all the windows，you are allowed to play. 只要你把所有的窗户擦完，你就可以玩了。 4．It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句 It is/has been about 5 days since she left here. 她离开这里大约有5天了。 5．This (It) is the first (second...) time that＋现在完成时 This is the first time that I have been here. 这是我第一次来这里。 巧学活用1——用所给动词的正确形式填空 ①The flight to Yunnan _______ (take) off at eight o’clock. ②The students _____________ (play) football on the playground now. ③It is the first time that I ______________ (visit) Qingdao，a beautiful coastal city. ④The shop ________ (close) at 9：00，but if we go in a hurry we can make it. ⑤Don’t disturb him，he ______________ (listen) to the radio to learn English. ⑥They say that she _______________ (struggle) with eating problems for a long time. takes are playing have visited closes is listening has struggled 四、一般将来时 (一)构成： 主语＋ (二)用法： 　　一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常常与表示将来的时间状语连用，常用的时间副词有：tomorrow，tomorrow morning，next＋时间(next Monday...，next week，next month，next summer...，next year)，in (the) future，soon，in＋时间段(如in five days 再过五天，in two weeks 再过两星期)等。 will/shall/be going to/be to/be about to＋do be＋doing 1．shall/will＋动词原形。用来表示单纯的将来的安排和打算(将要发生的动作或存在的状态)。在口语中，will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称常用shall。 I’ll go and see her on Sunday. 我星期天要去看她。 2．be going to＋动词原形。用“be going to＋动词原形”来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算，就要”。 (1)表示打算或按计划、安排要做(发生)的事。 I am going to visit the volunteers this evening. 我打算今天晚上去拜访那些志愿者们。 (2)表示根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事。 Look at these clouds.It looks as if it is going to rain.看看这些乌云，看起来要下雨了。 3．be about to＋动词原形。表示就要做或正好要做的事情。往往暗含一种时间上的巧合，因此，句子不能跟时间状语。 Be quiet.The concert is about to start. 安静下来，音乐会就要开始了。 4．be＋doing。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中动词主要是瞬间动词：come，go，leave，arrive，begin，start，stop，close，die等。 Go ahead，and I am coming. 你先走，我就来了。 ①我希望我们的梦想能够尽快实现。 I hope that our dreams ________________ as soon as possible. ②她明天将飞往华盛顿。 She ______________ Washington tomorrow. ③王林从新华高中毕业了，就要去上大学。 Wang Lin has graduated from Xinhua High School and ___________________________． ④你打算今天下午去市中心附近租一间公寓吗？ ________________________ a flat near the downtown this afternoon? 巧学活用2——根据汉语提示完成句子 will come true is flying to is about to go to college Are you going to rent 五、一般过去时 (一)构成：主语＋动词的过去式 (二)用法： 1．主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。 I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。 2．表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often，always等频率副词连用。 When I was a teenager，I played table tennis almost every day. 当我是青少年时，我几乎每天都打乒乓球。 3．一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 (1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时表示过去发生的动作，强调过去的事情对现在造成的影响。 (2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday，last week，... ago，in 1980，just now等具体的时间状语；现在完成时的时间状语有：for，since，so far，ever，never，just，yet，till/until，up to now，in the past...years等不确定的时间状语。二者共用的时间状语有：this morning，tonight，once，before，already，recently，lately等。 I saw this film yesterday. 我昨天看了这部电影。(强调看的动作发生过了) I have seen this film.我已经看过这部电影了。(强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了) Why did you get up so early? 你为何起床这么早？(强调起床的动作已发生过了) Who hasn’t handed in his paper? 谁还没上交试卷？(强调对现在的影响，还没交) ①We _________ (drag) the fallen tree clear of the street in the morning. ②Great changes ____________ (take) place in our city in the past 10 years. ③Yang ________ (work) in Huawei Technologies for ten years and he became a computer science teacher last year. ④Their experiment _______________ (attract) the attentions of experts in the field so far. ⑤I ________________ (frighten) to death when I heard that I would be chosen to make the presentation on behalf of our group. 巧学活用3——用所给动词的正确形式填空 dragged have taken worked has attracted was frightened 知识网络 返回 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共9分) 1．Up till now，they __________________ (contribute) more than 2，000 books through different means. 2．Mary，as well as her brothers，______ (jog) in the early morning regularly. 3．He ________________________ (leave) for London in two hours to attend an important meeting. 4．According to the timetable，the train ________ (leave) at 12：00 p．m.，so don’t be late! 5．As New Year’s Day ___________ (come)，people are busy preparing for it. have contributed jogs is leaving/will leave leaves is coming 6．In time you ___________ (find) yourself growing into a well-rounded individual. 7．It is said that the rainforest _________________ (disappear) at an alarming rate. 8．During the gold rush in 1840s，people flooded into California and ________ (seek) a fortune. 9．Turn on the radio and a program ___________ (come) out from a broadcasting station kilometres and kilometres away. will find is disappearing sought will come 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共18分) 1．她假装很镇静，但实际上她很紧张。 She ______________________ but actually she was very nervous. 2．她的优势在于她与其他人有效交流的能力。 Her advantage _________ her ability to communicate with others effectively. 3．这是我们全家第一次一起在电影院看电影。 This is the first time that our family __________________ in the cinema together. 4．我明天要带我的家人去上海迪士尼乐园。 I _____________________________ my family to Shanghai Disneyland tomorrow. pretended to be calm lies in have seen a film am taking/am going to take 5．近几年来，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大的成就。 In the last few years，China _____________________________ in environmental protection. 6．如果我哥哥明天从北京回来，我会让他给你回电话。 If my brother ____________ from Beijing tomorrow，I __________ him to call you back. has made great achievements comes back will ask 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题1.5分，共15分) 　　阅读下面新情景，用括号内所给动词的正确时态填空 　　Over the past twenty years，American country music 1.____________ (become) more and more popular.Instead of writing about money，success or expensive things to buy，song writers now 2._____________ (write) once more about the things that 3._____ (be) common for everyone nowadays. 　　In the 1950s，American music 4._____ (be) about other things，for example，love.Money 5.________________ (consider) to be important，too.Then in the 1960s，song writers 6.________ (turn) to other subjects.During these years many young students were angry with society，so songs were often full of anger. has become are writing are was was considered turned 　　Today country music has returned.Once，the home of American country music 7._____ (be) Nashville，Tennessee.Now，however，the music has reached all parts of the States.Singers do not just come from the States but from all over the world.There 8._____ (be) many famous singers from Britain，Canada and Australia. 　　The first country singers 9.______ (sing) while playing the guitar.Now，however，a lot of equipment 10.___________ (need) for large theatres. was are sang is needed Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共8分) (2024·滁州高一期中) 　　Sometimes parents wonder if they should really give their children chores (家务活).After all，isn’t it the parents’ responsibility to manage the household? And don’t children need an opportunity to “just be children” for now because they have the rest of their lives to worry about chores? 　　Most children have really busy schedules.They rush around from one activity to another with little time to clean the house.Despite those concerns，however，giving your children chores may be one of the most important things you’ll ever do. 素能提升练 　　While giving your children chores can certainly take some of the stress off you，that’s not the only reason you should expect your children to do the chores.Studies show chores are good for children.Research from a well-known 75-year Harvard study shows that chores can shape children to be more likely to become happy，healthy and independent adults. 　　Why are chores like sweeping the floor and clearing the table so important to children’s happiness in life? One reason is that children feel a sense of achievement when they do their chores.No matter whether they’re making their beds or they’re sweeping the floor，helping out around the house makes children feel qualified．Doing chores also helps children feel like they’re part of the team and learn responsibility.Helping family members is good for them and it encourages them to be good adults. 　　Children who do chores gain important life skills that will serve them well throughout their lives.Life skills such as meal preparation，mowing the lawn，or doing the laundry will be important after high school，which helps your children live independently. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子做家务对其有好处。 1．Why does the author raise questions in Paragraph 1? A．To express doubts. B．To make a warning. C．To lead in the topic. D．To provide background information. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知，第一段通过反问的方式来引出话题——孩子需要做家务。故选C项。 √ 2．What helps children grow up healthily according to research from the Harvard study? A．Chores. B．Less homework. C．School activities. D．Learning schedules. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Research from a well-known... independent adults.”可知，研究表明做家务有助于孩子健康的成长。故选A项。 √ 3．What does the underlined word “qualified” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Tired. B．Nervous. C．Having no time. D．Having the ability. 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中画线单词上文“One reason is that... do their chores.”和下文“Doing chores also... and learn responsibility.”可知，无论孩子们做了什么家务，他们都会有一种成就感，且学会承担责任，即让他们觉得自己是有能力的。故选D项。 √ 4．What does this text focus on? A．Skills to deal with chores. B．Advantages of doing chores. C．The importance of life skills. D．Ways to balance study and chores. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，本文主要讲述了做家务给孩子带来的好处。故选B。 √ Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·威海高一期末) 　　On the west bank of the Grand Canal in Tongxiang，Jiaxing City，stands a 1，300-year-old ancient town—Wuzhen.A river divides the whole water town 1.________ four scenic sections，Dongzha，Xizha，Nanzha and Beizha.Since the latter two are less developed，2.________(tour) often prefer to visit Xizha and Dongzha. 　　In Xizha，one may be amazed at the terrific scene of Bridge in Bridge 3.________(create) by two ancient bridges.One of the bridges is Tongji Bridge crossing the river from east to west and the other is called Renji Bridge 4.________ (run) from south to north.Either of two bridges can 5.________(see) through the arch of the other. into tourists created running be seen 　　6．________(cover) an area of 900，000 square meters，Dongzha has many scenic spots for people 7.________ (explore).Walking along the ancient streets，you will see museums 8.________ local unique wedding and folk customs on various festivals are being displayed.You can also learn about the interesting lifestyle of local people here. 　　However，Wuzhen is not just about travel.In recent years，it 9.____________(become) a hub for creative economy and cultural exchanges.The water town has been picked as the permanent venue for the World Internet Conference 10.________ is also known as the Wuzhen Summit. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一座有着大约1 300年历史的古镇——乌镇。 Covering to explore where has become which/that 1．答案：into       2．答案：tourists 考查介词。divide...into...意为“把……划分为……”，为固定搭配。故填into。 考查词性转换和名词的单复数。根据语境可知，此处泛指游客们，空格处应用可数名词tourist 的复数形式。故填tourists。 3．答案：created         4．答案：running 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，所以空格处应用非谓语动词；且动词 create和其逻辑主语“the terrific scene”之间构成被动关系，应用动词-ed形式作后置定语。故填created。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，空格处应用非谓语动词；动词 run 与其逻辑主语“Renji Bridge”之间构成主动关系，应用动词-ing形式作后置定语。故填running。 5．答案：be seen         6．答案：Covering 考查动词的语态和情态动词的用法。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子的谓语，动词see与主语“Either of two bridges”之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；情态动词can 后接动词原形。故填be seen。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，空格处应用非谓语动词；动词cover与其逻辑主语Dongzha之间构成主动关系，所以此处应用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。注意首字母大写。故填Covering。 7．答案：to explore       8．答案：where 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示东栅有许多景点供人们探索。故填to explore。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是museums，指地点，且关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 9．答案：has become           10．答案：which/that 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子的谓语；根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，时态应用现在完成时；且主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。 返回 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是“the World Internet Conference”，指物，关系词在该从句中作主语。故填which/that。 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $$