Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding Comprehending-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版2019）

主题语境：人与社会——体育运动和健康的生活方式 单元目标速览 单元话题导入 学生用书第63页 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Comprehending Step One：Pre-reading Answer the following questions. Have you ever tried football? What do you think of the sport? Talk about your experiences with it. Possible_answer： Of_course,_I've_tried_football!_I_really_enjoy_playing_this_sport._For_me,_football_is_not_only_a_great_way_to_stay_active_but_also_a_lot_of_fun._I_love_the_feeling_of_being_part_of_a_team,_working_together_to_achieve_a_common_goal._When_I'm_on_the_field,_I_feel_a_sense_of_excitement_and_energy._One_of_my_favorite_experiences_was_when_I_scored_my_first_goal._It_was_an_amazing_feeling_of_accomplishment._Also,_playing_football_has_taught_me_important_skills_like_teamwork,_discipline,_and_perseverance. Step Two: While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea. What does the author mainly talk about? A．Football can bring us excitement. B．Football can help people to communicate. C．Football is popular because it is simple to play. D．Football enjoys its popularity all over the world. 答案：D Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each part. Part 1 (Para.1)　 A．Football is very important in our life. Part 2 (Paras.2－4) B.Football is one of the most popular sports in the world. Part 3 (Para.5) C．The three reasons why football is so popular. 答案：Parts 1—3：BCA Ⅲ.Read for the structure. Ⅳ.Read for details. 1．Which country did football start in? A．China.　　　　　　　　 B．Great Britain. C．America. D．France. 2．What do we know about Neil Armstrong? A．He was a famous football player. B．He gave football new rules. C．He invented football. D．He was an astronaut. 3．Which of the following is NOT the reason for football's popularity? A．It can't communicate because it doesn't require words. B.It has a long history for about two thousand years. C.It is fun enough to attract millions of people all over the world. D．It is simple and cheap to play. 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage? A.To express his/her love for football. B．To talk about the history of football. C．To explain why football is such a popular game. D．To prove that he/she is a professional football fan. 5．Where does this passage probably come from? A．A book review. B．A P．E.magazine. C．A TV advertisement. D．A TV interview. 答案：1～5：BDACB 学生用书第64页 Step Three: Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1. [尝试翻译] 　我们现在所熟悉的足球起源于英国，在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。 2. [尝试翻译]　足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许就是它得以流行起来的原因。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　The history of the game goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China. (历史简介) 学后仿写　篮球的历史可以追溯到一个多世纪前的美国。 The_history_of_basketball_goes_back over a century to the United States. 2．教材佳句　Another factor behind football's global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field. (阐述原因) 学后仿写　篮球在全球受欢迎的另一个因素是它是一项所有年龄段的人都可以参加的运动。 Another_factor_behind_basketball's_global_popularity_is_that it is a sport that can be played by people of all ages. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Why is football one of the most popular sports? (Logical Thinking逻辑性思维) Because_it_is_a_simple_game_to_play,_and_it_is_creative_and_exciting_on_the_field._What's_more,_it_has_become_one_of_the_best_ways_for_people_to_communicate_without_words. 2．Can you talk about your own understanding of the motto“All sports for all people”？ (Creative Thinking创造性思维) Generally_speaking,_doing_exercise_appropriately_every_day_is_definitely_good_for_our_health.For_one_thing,_doing_exercise_properly_is_a_good_way_to_build_up_our_body_and_accelerate_our_blood_circulation.For_another，doing_exercise_is_also_a_good_method_to_keep_our_mind_healthy_because_doing_exercise_can_broaden_our_mind_and_release_our_stress_to_a_large_extent. …………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①go back 追溯到，回溯到 ②goal/ɡəʊl/ n．球门 set/achieve a goal 设定/达到目标 ③basis/'beɪsɪs/ n．基础；根据 ④equipment/ɪ'kwɪpmənt/ n．装备，设备，用具 a piece of equipment 一件设备 equip vt.装备；配备；使有所准备，使有能力 equip...with...使……配备…… be equipped for 对……有准备 ⑤to one's heart's content尽情地；心满意足地 content/kən'tent/ n．满意，满足 ⑥plastic/'plæstɪk/ adj.塑料制的 ⑦factor/'fæktə/ n．因素，要素 a deciding/determining factor 决定性因素 ⑧on the field场内 field n．运动场；田地，田野；(研究或工作的)领域，范围 in the field在田间 in the field of 在……行业内 ⑨defend/dɪ'fend/ v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫 defend...against/from...保卫/保护……免受……之害 defend against/from...抵御…… ⑩twist/twɪst/n.(形势或事态的)意外转折 ⑪require/rɪ'kwaɪə(r)/ vt.需要；要求，规定 ⑫break down 消除，驱除(人与人之间的隔阂等) ⑬bring sb together使……重归于好 ⑭take...for example以……为例 ⑮break out 爆发，突然发生 ⑯soldier/'səʊldʒə/ n．士兵，军人 ⑰put down放下；记下 ⑱conflict/'kɒnflɪkt/ n．武装冲突，战斗，战争 ⑲a matter of life and death生死攸关的事 death/deθ/ n．死，死亡 to death极度，要命(强调感觉或情绪的强烈) ⑳assure/ə'ʃʊə/ v．向……保证，使确信 assure sb of sth向某人保证某事 ㉑be shaped like...形状像…… 人物小传 1．Neil Armstrong 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗(1930—2012)，美国宇航员、试飞员、海军飞行员以及大学教授。尼尔·阿姆斯特朗于1969年7月21日成为第一个踏上月球的宇航员，也是第一个在地球之外的星体上留下脚印的人类成员，他在月球表面停留了两个半小时。 2．Bill Shankly 比尔·香克利(1913年9月2日—1981年9月29日)，出生于苏格兰格伦巴克，曾任苏格兰足球教练，把长期在乙级联赛中挣扎的利物浦队变成了顶级联赛冠军，并带领利物浦队横扫欧洲赛场。他于1974年获不列颠帝国勋章。 文化采风 蹴鞠 蹴鞠是指古人以脚蹴、蹋、踢皮球的活动，类似今日的足球。据史料记载，早在战国时期中国民间就流行娱乐性的蹴鞠游戏，而从汉代开始又成为兵家练兵之法，宋代又出现了蹴鞠组织与蹴鞠艺人，清代开始流行冰上蹴鞠。因此，可以说蹴鞠是中国古代流传久远、影响较大的一个体育项目。 2006年5月20日，蹴鞠作为非物质文化遗产经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… A Game for the World[1] 1These days，football is one of the most popular sports in the world.Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon [2]，we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world！The history of the game goes back① over two thousand years to Ancient China.It was then known as cuju(kick ball)，a game using a ball of animal skins with hair inside[3].Goals② were hung in the air.Football as we know it today[4] started in Great Britain，where the game was given new rules. [1][标题赏析]本文的标题是“A Game for the World”，Game指的是足球运动。该标题妙在不定冠词“A”的使用上，它指“一项”，同时也暗含着“统一，同一”的意味，暗示足球运动是一项世界各地人们都热爱的运动，同时也是一项使人们团结友爱的运动。 学生用书第65页 [2]Given that...the Moon为given that引导的状语从句，意为“鉴于，考虑到”。 [3]此处a game...inside作cuju(kick ball)的同位语，using a．..inside为动词-ing形式短语作定语，修饰名词a game。 [4]as we know it today为习语，作定语修饰Football，意为“为我们现在所熟悉的足球。” 2That football is such a simple game to play[5]is perhaps the basis③ of its popularity.It is also a game that is very cheap to play.You don't need expensive equipment④；even the ball doesn't have to cost much money.All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content⑤ with a ball made of plastic⑥ bags[6]；just like Pelé did when he was a boy. [5]此处为That引导的主语从句。that引导主语从句时只起连接作用，不充当成分，没有实际含义，但是不能省略。 [6]see kids playing是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，此处用动词-ing形式短语作宾语补足语，表示主动和动作正在进行，意为“看见某人正在做某事”。过去分词短语made of plastic bags作后置定语，修饰名词a ball。 3Another factor⑦ behind football's global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field⑧.It is fun enough to attract millions of people.You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players — how they use their bodies to pass，score and defend⑨ can be amazing to see—or to feel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist⑩.[7] [7]本句中how they...to see解释说明职业球员的技巧，其中how they use...defend为how引导的主语从句。ending...twist为动词-ing形式短语作定语，修饰名词 a game。 4What's more，football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate：it does not require⑪ words，but everyone understands it.It breaks down⑫ walls and brings people togetherB13 on and off the field.[8]Take，for example⑭，the famous football game on Christmas Day 1914.World War Ⅰ had broken out⑮ months before，but British and German soldiers⑯ put down⑰ their guns and played football together — one moment of peace to remember[9] during years of conflict⑱. 学生用书第66页 [8]本句使用了隐喻的修辞手段。walls暗指人们之间的误解、敌意、冲突和隔阂。 [9]动词不定式to remember作后置定语，修饰名词短语one moment of peace。 5“Some people believe football is a matter of life and death⑲，...”said Bill Shankly，the famous footballer and manager.“I can assure⑳ you it is much，much more important than that.”This might sound funny，but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like㉑ a football[10]. [10]to realise...football为动词不定式短语作结果状语，其中that引导的宾语从句作动词realise的宾语。 …………………………………………………………………………………◎ 一项世界运动 1现在，足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是全宇宙中最受欢迎的运动了！这项运动的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时，这项运动被称作“蹴鞠”(意为“以脚踢球”)，是使用一个里面塞满毛发、外皮是动物皮革制成的球进行的一项运动。球门悬挂在空中。我们现在所熟悉的足球起源于英国，在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。 2足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许就是它得以流行起来的原因。它也是一项非常便宜的运动。你无需昂贵的装备，即使是足球本身也不用花很多钱。在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们用塑料袋制作的足球尽情地玩耍，就像贝利小时候那样。 3足球在全球盛行的另一原因是球场上迸发的创新和激情，它充满乐趣，能够吸引数百万人观看。你(即便)不是球迷，也会赞赏职业球员的球技——他们利用自己的身体传球、得分和防守的绝技让人叹为观止——或者对一场结局有意外转折的比赛感到激动不已。 4此外，足球已经成为最佳的交流方式之一：它无需语言，但人人都能明白。它可以消除隔阂，让人们在球场内外都重归于好。以1914年圣诞节的那场著名的足球比赛为例，第一次世界大战在几个月前就爆发了，但英国和德国士兵还能放下枪支、一起踢足球，这成为多年冲突中值得纪念的和平一刻。 5“有些人认为足球攸关生死……”著名的足球运动员和教练比尔·香克利说：“我可以保证，足球比生死重要得多。”这听起来可能很滑稽，可是，只要想一想地球，我们就会意识到我们的星球的形状像足球一样。 课时测评9　Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Comprehending (时间：30分钟　满分：26分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共16分) A (2024·山东济南期末) Everywhere and in every given time, children spend their days in simple but interesting games. One such game which has passed the test of time, becoming one of the oldest forms of child's play ever known, is hoop rolling. Hoop rolling is both a child's game and a sport. A large hoop is rolled along the ground, generally by means of an object held by the player to keep it rolling. The aim of the game is to keep the hoop upright for as long periods of time as possible. First, the left hand supports the hoop; the right hand holds the long handle of the hook (钩). And then keep the balance of the hoop with the hook. Push the hoop to the ground, keep it rolling steadily and keep the hoop from falling. In the team competition, it is mainly about who is faster, and how far to roll. Hoop rolling has a very long history and it has been recorded since ancient times in Africa, Asia and Europe. In Asia, the earliest records date from ancient China, and in Europe from ancient Greece. The ancient Greeks welcomed hoop rolling as a beneficial exercise for those not very strong. Besides, the game was also a common pastime of African village children. Hoop rolling serves as evidence (证据) of everyday life about the long-gone civilization. Every year at Wellesley College, hoop rolling competition started as a memory of the May Day celebration of spring. Now it gradually becomes part of the graduation ceremony. Students celebrate by dressing up in children's clothing and playing games. The child's play popular in ancient times helps them escape from real-world worries. The long history of the game shows that there indeed are inventions that are timeless. The human ability to make himself and others happy has been present since the beginning of civilization, and will be present forever. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种古老的儿童游戏——滚铁环。 1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about hoop rolling? A.Its rules.　　　　　　　 B．Its types. C．Its history. D．Its material. 答案：A 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段“Hoop rolling is both a child's game... how far to roll.”可知，本段主要介绍了滚铁环的游戏规则。故选A项。 2．Why did ancient Greeks like hoop rolling? A．It offered a way to kill time. B．It was fit for village children. C．It could be played anywhere. D．It helped the weak to exercise. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The ancient Greeks welcomed hoop rolling as a beneficial exercise for those not very strong.”可知，古希腊人喜欢滚铁环运动，是因为它帮助身体虚弱的人锻炼身体。故选D。 3．Why is Wellesley College mentioned? A．To remember the May Day celebration. B．To promote a method of reducing stress. C．To encourage other colleges to follow suit. D．To give an example of preserving the tradition. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Hoop rolling serves as evidence(证据)... celebration of spring.”可知，文章提到韦尔斯利学院是为了举一个保护传统的例子。故选D项。 4．What does the long history of hoop rolling suggest? A．People's hobbies have changed a lot. B．All inventions will survive in history. C．Good things can stand the test of time. D．New games will always be on the way. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“One such game which... is hoop rolling.”以及最后一段“The long history of the game... will be present forever.”可知，滚铁环这种儿童游戏也是一种运动，经历了时间的考验，成为了有史以来最古老的儿童游戏形式之一，由此可推知好东西经得起时间的考验。故选C项。 B (2024·河南南阳期末) Parkinson's is a progressive brain disease which leads to shaky hands and slow movement, and there is no cure. Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese martial art that combines (结合) slow, gentle movements with deep breathing and relaxation, may be an effective means of reducing the suffering. Recently, the researchers say that those who practised the martial art twice a week had fewer complications (并发症) and better quality of life than those who didn't. Experts say the findings back up previous studies on the benefits of exercise for those with Parkinson's. The study, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, monitored the health of hundreds of Parkinson's patients for up to five years. One group of 147 people practised regular Tai Chi while another group of 187 did not. The researchers found that the disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group on measurements of symptoms (症状), movement and balance. This group also saw fewer falls, less back pain and dizziness, with memory and concentration problems also lower than in the other group. At the same time, sleep and quality of life continuously improved. Prof. Alastair Noyce, professor in neurology and neuroepidemiology at Queen Mary University of London, called it “an important study”—the positive effects on aspects of motor (运动的) and non-motor functions are impressive — but said there were limitations in its design, and more tests were needed. “We already recommend Tai Chi, as well as other forms of exercise, but understanding which forms of exercise are most beneficial is an important goal to improve the long-term management of patients，” he said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，练习太极拳有助于缓解帕金森氏病的症状。 5．Why was the study conducted? A．To find a cure for Parkinson's disease. B．To improve the sleep quality of Parkinson's patients. C.To remove the misunderstanding of the previous studies. D．To research the benefits of Tai Chi for those with Parkinson's. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Recently, the researchers say... for those with Parkinson's.”和第二段中的“The study, from Shanghai... for up to five years.”可推测出，进行这项研究是为了研究太极拳对那些患有帕金森氏病的人产生的好处。故选D项。 6．Which of the following is not the researchers' finding? A．Concentration problem was lower in the Tai Chi group. B．The disease progressed more slowly in the Tai Chi group. C．Patients in the non-Tai Chi group continuously fell down. D．Back pain and dizziness were relieved in the Tai Chi group. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers found that... in the other group.”可知，太极拳组的病情进展较慢，跌倒、背痛、头晕次数更少，记忆力和注意力问题也较低，选项A、B、D均是研究发现，C项不符合题意。故选C项。 7．What can we learn from Prof. Alastair Noyce's words? A．Tai Chi should be given more preference. B．Finding the most beneficial exercise is of importance. C.It is unnecessary to do more related studies. D．Improve the long-term management of patients is impossible. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中他的话“We already recommend Tai Chi... long-term management of patients”可知，他认为了解哪些运动形式最有益是改善患者长期管理的重要目标，由此可推测出，找到最有益的锻炼方式是非常重要的。故选B项。 8．What is Prof. Alastair Noyce's attitude towards the study? A．Confused. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Worried. 答案：C 解析：观点态度题。根据第三段“Prof. Alastair Noyce... non-motor functions are impressive”可知，他认为这项研究是一项重要的研究，对运动功能和非运动功能的积极影响令人印象深刻，由此可推测出，他对这项研究持肯定态度。故选C项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2024·河南濮阳期末) Benefits of Walking in Cold Weather As winter blankets the world in a coat of ice and fresh cold air, the idea of going outdoors for a walk might seem less attractive. __1__ Walking in cold weather comes with a lot of health benefits that might just make it the perfect season to put on your shoes and hit the roadway. Strengthened Immune System Remaining in colder temperatures can actually improve your immune (免疫的) system. As your body adapts to the cold, it produces more white blood cells. __2__ Regular cold-weather walks might help make a stronger immune reaction, letting you stay healthier throughout the winter season. High Spirits The winter blues, also known as Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), can affect many individuals during the colder months. Fortunately, walking in cold weather has been linked to improved emotion and reduced signs of sadness. The fresh air and physical activity inspire the production of endorphins, the body's natural emotion enhancers (增强剂). __3__ Improved health and energy level Cold-weather walking can provide an excellent heart workout. The combination of light movement and the body's reaction to the cold increases heart health by improving circulation (血液循环) and lowering blood pressure. Over time, this can make your blood system healthier. __4__ Instead, walking in the fresh air can make your senses energetic and increase overall energy levels. The physical activity and stay in natural light work together to reduce feelings of tiredness, leaving you feeling more active and ready to deal with the day. So, as the winter winds blow and snowflakes fall, consider wearing your warm clothes and taking a walk outside. __5__ It is also helpful to mental well-being and overall energy. A．The cold weather does not cost energy. B．They play a key role in fighting off diseases. C．Winter, especially, is an opportunity to go slowly. D．They leave you feeling more positive and excited. E．However, don't let the cold temperatures prevent you. F.Let each walk be a big step towards a healthier, happier you. G．The benefits of walking in cold weather go beyond physical health. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在寒冷天气散步的好处。 1．答案：E 解析：根据上文“As winter blankets... seem less attractive.”以及下文“Walking in cold... and hit the roadway.”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出寒冷的天气不应该阻止你外出。E选项符合语境，故选E项。 2．答案：B 解析：根据上文“As your body adapts to the cold, it produces more white blood cells.”可知，本句承接上文说明白细胞的作用。B选项符合语境，故选B项。 3．答案：D 解析：根据上文“The fresh air and... natural emotion enhancers(增强剂).”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文“内啡肽是身体自然的情绪增强剂”具体说明内啡肽带来的情绪感受。故D选项符合语境，故选D项。 4．答案：A 解析：根据下文“Instead, walking in the fresh... to deal with the day.”可知，下文提到在新鲜空气中散步可以使你的感官充满活力，提高整体能量水平，即不会消耗精力。故A选项符合语境，故选A项。 5．答案：G 解析：根据上文“So, as the winter winds... taking a walk outside.”以及下文“It is also helpful to mental well-being and overall energy.”可知，本句是在说明寒冷天气散步的好处，下文提到了对心理健康的好处，可知本句是在说明对身体的好处。故G选项符合语境，故选G项。 学生用书第67页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$