UNIT3 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版2019）

UNIT 3　INTERNET Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures ——现在完成时的被动语态 内容索引 NO.1 概念 1 NO.2 基本结构 2 随堂应用 多维练 5 课时测评 6 NO.3 用法 3 NO.4 注意事项 4 语法串烧 Over the years, Zhou Zhanbin has witnessed① the reserve's improving environment.“The Heihe River's water level has risen② from below 40 centimeters decades ago to about 2 meters now，” he said.“Willow trees and grasses have been planted③ along the river banks, and more migratory birds are coming to this area.”According to Zhou Zhanbin, director of the county's wetland park administration office, to date, more than 460 hectares of vegetation have been restored④ in the part of the nature reserve in Gaotai county. Zhou said that last year, more than 56，000 birds were recorded⑤ in the reserve, which is becoming an increasingly important wintering site for those that are migrating, as well as a breeding site for species under state protection. “10 monitoring stations have also been set up⑥ in the reserve to study the distribution and migration of the birds，” Zhou added.With more birds calling the reserve their home, Zhou has become⑦ their devoted guardian. Every time he finds an injured or sick bird, he escorts it to a nearby rescue station via rowboat.“The environment has improved⑧， the air isn't so dry, and I get to see different types of birds every day.I can't bring myself to tear my eyes away from the beautiful scenery before me for even a second，” he said. 我的发现 ①②⑦⑧加黑部分为现在完成时的主动语态形式； ③④⑥加黑部分为现在完成时的被动语态形式； ⑤加黑部分为一般过去时的被动语态形式。 NO.1 概念 返回 返回 现在完成时表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。若动作与主语之间构成动宾关系，则用现在完成时的被动语态。 NO.2 基本结构 返回 (2023·全国甲卷)Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby，the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 虽然DIY传统上被视为男性爱好，但研究显示，现在是女性在这方面 领先。 The construction of the bridge has not been finished. 桥的建设还没有完成。 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done... 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done... 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？ 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？ Has the date for the next meeting been decided? 下次会议的日期已决定了吗？ How long has the battery not been changed? 电池多久没有更换了？ 巧学活用1 The children have already been told the good news. ①将上面的句子变为否定句。 __________________________________________． ②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。 ________________________________________________________________ ③对上面句子的the children进行提问。 ________________________________________________________________ The children haven't been told the good news yet Have the children been told the good news yet? Who has been told the good news yet? 返回 NO.3 用法 返回 1．表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 I have been told the sports meeting will be put off. 我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。(结果：现在我已经知道运动会要被推迟) All the preparations for the task have been done，and we're ready to start. 这项任务的一切准备都已就绪，我们准备好要开始了。(影响：我们现已具备开始的条件) 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与for＋时间段或since＋时间点等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。 The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已被修了两小时了。(持续：2小时前开始修，现在可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修)。 She hasn't been heard from since then. 从那时候起，她就没来过信。(hear from是非持续动词短语，用在否定句中后可跟时间状语) 温馨提示 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语： already已经 yet 已经 recently/lately最近 since then 从那时起 ever since自那以来 ever 曾经 so far/up to now/till now/until now迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间 by now到现在为止 in recent years在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里 3．在状语从句中，常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动 语态。 I will go home when my homework has been finished. 当我的家庭作业已被完成时我就回家。(将来某时处于被完成的状态) (2)判断下列句子的正误 ③Don't get off the bus until it will have stopped. ( ) ④Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. ( ) F T 返回 巧学活用2 (1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子 ①They have built many houses in the village in the past few years. →Many houses _______________ in the village in the past few years. ②We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years. →Many trees _________________ on the hill in the last 5 years. have been built have been planted NO.4 注意事项 返回 1．现在完成时的被动语态中has/have been不可漏掉。 The plan has been studied by the experts for three times. 这个计划已经由专家研究三次了。 The dirty clothes have been washed. 脏衣服已经被洗好了。 2．现在完成时的被动语态强调过去发生的事与现在有联系；而一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作只与过去有关，与现在没有关系。 The library has been built. 这座图书馆已经建好了。(图书馆可以用了) The library was built last year. 这座图书馆是去年建成的。(图书馆现在是否能用是未知的) 3．含有非延续性动词，如begin，start，buy，borrow，finish等的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。这些动词的现在完成时的被动语态的否定式则可以与for或since构成的时间状语连用。 The work has been finished for two days. ( ) This book has not been borrowed since last week. ( ) 4．动词短语用于现在完成时的被动语态时，动词后面的副词或介词不可漏掉或省略。 The injured bird has been looked after since it was saved.(after不可漏掉) 受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。 × √ 巧学活用3——根据语境用适当的谓语形式填空 ①His company ________ (set) up the year before last year. ②His company _______________ (close) for one year. was set has been closed 知识网络 返回 随堂应用 多维练 返回 维度一　用所给词的正确形式填空 1．—Will Peterson come to our graduation ceremony(毕业典礼)? —It's a pity.He _____________ (send) to India as a volunteer teacher. 2．It's said that a new software __________________ (develop)．It will soon be on sale. 3．Since 1958，they ___________________ (recognise) as the national theatre of Israel. 4．Our classroom ________________ (clean)．You needn't clean it now. 5．How many cars _______________ (stick) since the accident happened? 6．Three new schools __________________ (open) in our city in the past five years. has been sent has been developed have been recognised has been cleaned have been stuck have been opened 7．The child ______________ (take) care of by his grandma all these years. 8．Up to now，no conclusion ________________ (reach) about who should be awarded first prize. 9．Fire extinguishers(灭火器) are located on each floor.You can use them only if you ________________ (train) to do so. 10．Great changes ___________ (take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories _____________ (set) up. has been taken has been reached have been trained have taken have been set 维度二　语法与写作 1．我们很高兴听说他已被北京大学录取了。 We are glad to hear that ________________________________________． 2．何时何地去度假还没定下来。 When and where to go on holiday ______________________． 3．纸币已经在世界上存在了1 000多年了。 Paper money ________________________ over one thousand years. 4．人们的健康已经受到了空气污染的极大影响。 ______________________________________ air pollution. he has been admitted to/into Peking University has not been decided yet has existed in the world for People's health has been greatly affected by 5．公司最近给了他一个去海外工作的机会。 →He ______________________________________________________． →A chance to work abroad _______________________________________． has been given a chance to work abroad recently by the company has been given to him recently by the company 维度三　语法与语篇 用现在完成时的被动语态完成语段 As time went by，computers were made smaller.Since the 1970s, they 1.______________ (已被用) in offices and homes，and at the same time many new applications 2._______________ (已被发现)．Besides, being important in communication，finance and trade，they 3._____________________ (也被放入) robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.They 4.______________________ (甚至已被放入)space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. 返回 have been used have been found have also been put into have even been put into 课时测评 返回 基础语境练 Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．So far, most of our export goods ___________________ (transport) by ship. 2．Both learning sites _________________ (visit) by over 10, 000 people since last year. 3．It is the first time that I _________________ (scold)by my parents. 4．In recent years, much research ________________ (conduct) on the wildlife protection. 5．Wildlife _________________ (threaten) greatly by human expansion in the last few years. have been transported have been visited have been scolded has been conducted has been threatened 6．Since the launch of the Chinese Space Station, several astronauts ________ _____ (send) to work in it. 7．So far our workout rooms ___________________ (update) with modern facilities. 8．I suggest that you should buy a new machine because the old one ________ _________ (damage) beyond repair. have been sent have been updated has been damaged Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共15分) 1．这些花已经被浇过水了，你可以回家了。 These flowers _________________；you can go home. 2．已经证实，水对于生命的发展十分重要。 It _______________ that water is fundamental to the development of life. 3．她的钱已经用完了，并且她的耐心也要耗尽了。 Her money __________________ and her patience is also running out. 4．传统节日从先辈们那里传给我们。 Traditional festivals _____________________ to us from our ancestors. 5．自那以后，通过网络，我们的生活有了很大的改善。 Since then, our life _______________________ by the Internet. have been watered has been proved has been run out of have been passed down has been greatly improved Ⅲ.用所给词的正确时态、语态填空(每小题1分，共8分) Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao.How nice to see you on the first day of the new term! Lin Tao：Yes.Nice to see you again. Li Ming：I know that your parents 1._________________ (work) in Yushu for years.Can you tell me something there after the earthquake? Lin Tao：Of course.Since the earthquake 2.__________ (happen)，many soldiers 3._______________ (send) there，and many kinds of supplies(物资供应) 4.__________________ (carry) there from all over the country.Now，most people there 5.______________ (live) a happy life again. Li Ming：How about the schools there? have been working happened have been sent have been carried live/are living Lin Tao：Several new schools 6._____________ (set) up and also some schools which 7.______________ (damage) in the earthquake 8.___________________ (rebuild)．So all the students can go back to school to study now. Li Ming：That's wonderful.I'm sure their life will be better and better.When will your parents come back? Lin Tao：They will be back next month. have been set were damaged have been rebuilt 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共14分) A (2024·海南中学高一检测) Best Apps for High School Students Educational App Store has identified the best apps for high school students to help them study and save their time in the classroom. Study Blue Study Blue is a brilliant app which uses technology to help high school students and make learning an easy process.It is an amazing way to create smart notes/cards, share and learn them.As one of the best educational apps, it allows students to make cards of whatever topic they want, helping them study anywhere without carrying any materials with them. My Study Life Designed for high school students, this app lets you build your own timetable to easily keep track of your classes, assignments and exams.It lets you assign (布置) tasks to specific classes and comes with reminders so you don't forget a thing! Plus, it comes with day and week timetables, so you can easily pop in those classes that you only have every other week. My Homework Planner My Homework Planner can help you keep track of all your homework. Sorting it by due date, week and month, the app is more organized than a Trapper Keeper.By means of Questia, the world's largest online library, you can connect your reading materials to your assignments so you don't have to dig through a pile of papers to find the right information. Socrative Student This app offers an interactive environment for students and teachers to share their learning.Teachers can ask questions and make comments with real-time data when using, which makes it more engaging for students.Showing comprehension of their reading can occur straight through their handheld device, and they are able to receive feedback quickly. If you are interested in these apps, click here to find more. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了能帮助高中学生的四个最好的应用程序。 细节理解题。根据My Study Life部分的第一句“这个应用程序是为高中生设计的，能够让你建立自己的时间清单来轻松地跟踪你的课程、作业和考试”以及My Homework Planner部分的最后一句“通过世界上最大的线上图书馆Questia，你可以把阅读材料和你的作业连接，这样的话你不用阅读一大堆材料就能找到合适的信息”可知，两个应用程序的共同之处就是都对作业有帮助。 √ 1．What does My Study Life have in common with My Homework Planner? A．Both are helpful with assignments. B．Both are designed to deal with exams. C．Both are equipped with a reminder. D．Both are connected with Questia. 细节理解题。根据Socrative Student部分的第一句“这个应用程序提供互动环境，使得学生能够与老师交流他们的学习”可知，这个应用程序专注于师生共同参与。 √ 2．Which app focuses on both teens' and teachers' involvement? A．Study Blue. B．My Homework Planner. C．Socrative Student. D．My Study Life. 文章出处题。根据文章最后一句“If you are interested in these apps, click here to find more.”可推知，本文选自一个网站。 √ 3．Where is this text most likely from? A．A brochure. B．A website. C．A guidebook. D．A magazine. B (2024·厦门双十中学高一检测) It's nothing new that you can find many files or services you can download or use from the Internet.The question is: Is downloading legal or not? In most cases the answer is negative, because sharing and downloading are illegal.Of course, you can find files for legal downloading, but you have to pay for them. It seems innocent if you click on the download mark, but it isn't.It should be compared with stealing in a store.Would you steal a magazine, an MP3 player or a car? Downloading from the Internet is a theft, and sharing files, once you have stolen them, only makes it worse.For example, if everybody only downloaded, movies wouldn't make money and the studios wouldn't invest millions of dollars to make new ones. Many people may think it better, easier and cheaper to do downloading.I think, that is the main reason why Internet users prefer sharing something to buying them.In the modern world we love convenience and what could be more convenient than getting music, films and games without having to leave your house? You don't need to pay for what you get, there is no registration, and you don't have to wait until shops open or the CD/DVD you want is posted to you. However, you could be in big trouble if you are caught.You could go to prison as a result of acting unlawfully, but so far only a tiny amount of people have been charged for downloading illegally.The majority of people who download illegally, and use the files for their personal use, will not get in trouble. And that's why it's important for people to understand what the long-term consequences are if they don't want to pay for their music, films and TV.Will film and music companies still spend millions of pounds every year if they have no chance of making a profit? The answer is plainly “no”． Finally I would like to say that the Internet offers a lot of services for money, but people will always try to get them for free.To summarize my thoughts, I'd like to highlight that illegal downloading is both unfair towards producers and dangerous for those who practice this kind of activity.You have to decide whether to buy or download. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者对于免费下载网络资源的看法，他认为免费下载资源等同于偷窃，是不合法的。 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It seems innocent...but it isn't.”及第三段中“Many people may think...do downloading.”可知，许多人从互联网上免费下载文件，因为他们认为这是合法的，并且方便、快捷。故选D。 √ 4．Many people download files free from the Internet because ． A．they follow others' examples to do such things B．they don't think they may be charged by the producer C．they think everything on the Net can be shared by others D．they think it is legal, convenient and easy 推理判断题。根据第二段中“It seems...with stealing in a store.”可推知，作者认为免费下载文件和偷窃一样是违法的。故选B。 √ 5．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2? A．Downloading helps movies become more popular. B．Downloading free files is as illegal as stealing. C．Sharing files on the Internet is dangerous. D．Sharing files on the Internet can make a profit. 词义猜测题。画线词前一句提到“the Internet offers...get them for free”；画线词后表明作者的观点“illegal downloading...this kind of activity”可推知，作者是想强调他的观点：免费下载对于生产者和对于下载文件的人都是不好的。由此可推知，画线词“highlight”意思为“强调”。故选A。 √ 6．What does the underlined word “highlight” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Stress. B．Explain. C．Admit. D．Deny. 写作目的题。文章第一段中提出问题和作者的观点；第二段中提到“It should be compared with stealing in a store.”；第四段中提出“illegal downloading...this kind of activity”可知，本文主要表达了作者对于免费下载网络资源的看法，他认为免费下载是不合法的。故选C。 √ 7．What is the author's purpose of writing this text? A．He advises readers to download legal files. B．He asks readers to limit the amount of free downloading. C．He wants to make it clear that downloading for free is against the law. D．He tells readers how to avoid being charged for downloading. Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) (2024·广西师大附中高一检测) Researchers have found that people who unplug their cellphones, TV, etc. over the weekend have 1. (high) satisfaction with life than people who spend their Saturdays sticking to their electronic 2. (equip)． When social networking sites emerged, we 3. (believe) them to be only advantageous and not at all harmful, as they aimed to connect everyone around the world.But now we are 4. (addict) to them.We have become a “connected” society 5. almost every way these days.Some people are so connected that even before brushing their teeth 6. making coffee, they will roll over to check 7. (they) phones. higher equipment believed addicted in or their 8. technology has certainly fostered (促进) more rapid and instant communication, the consequence of this has the potential 9. (be) catastrophic over the next several generations.The potential for addiction and the loss of human interaction 10. (connect) with digital communication seem evident more than ever in our current society. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着时代的发展和技术的进步，电子设备及网络使人们的沟通更加顺畅，但同时也产生了一些负面影响。 While/Although/Though to be connected 考查形容词的比较级。根据后文中的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，故填higher。 1．答案：higher 考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词electronic可知，此处应用名词形式，又因为equipment为不可数名词，故填equipment。 2．答案：equipment 考查动词的时态。根据空前的时间状语从句可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填believed。 3．答案：believed 考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处表示“但是如今我们对它们上瘾了”，因此应用形容词形式。be addicted to ...意为“对……上瘾”，为固定搭配。故填addicted。 4．答案：addicted 考查介词。in every way意为“在各个方面”，为固定搭配。故填in。 5．答案：in 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，句中brushing和making并列，且为选择关系，因此应用or。 6．答案：or 考查代词。根据空后的phones可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。 7．答案：their 考查状语从句。根据语境可知，前后部分之间是让步关系，故填While/ Although/Though。 8．答案：While/Although/Though 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，修饰前面的抽象名词potential，其后catastrophic为形容词，因此应用to be表将来。故填 to be。 9．答案：to be 考查非谓语动词。句中已有系动词seem，故空处应用非谓语，且其与句子主语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填connected。 10．答案：connected 返回 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $$