UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（人教版2019）

单元目标速览 单元话题导入 学生用书↓第140页 Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension Step One：Pre-reading Can you recognize the following symbols in Chinese? 答案：竹 孝 象 Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the text? A．The writing system of Shang Dynasty. B．The history of the Chinese language. C．The differences between old Chinese and modern Chinese. D．The wide use of Chinese all over the world. 答案：B Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each paragraph Para.1　A．At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture-based language. Para.2 B．The Chinese writing system has a great effect on the ancient civilisation of China. Para.3 C．The Chinese writing system developed into different forms. Para.4 D．Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture. Para.5 E．The Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. Para.6 F．The Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture in modern times. 答案：Paras.1－6：BACEDF Ⅲ.Read for the structure 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅳ.Read for details 1．Which Dynasty does Chinese ancient civilisation continue into? A．Shang Dynasty. B．Qin Dynasty. C．Tang Dynasty. D．Modern times. 2．What does the word “these” refer to in the third paragraph? A．Pictures. B．Symbols. C．Longgu. D．Shells. 3．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．The Chinese writing system plays an important part in Chinese culture. B．The Chinese writing system is an amazing language. C．The Chinese writing system is the only factor of the Chinese ancient civilisation. D．Written Chinese has connected China's present with its past. 学生用书↓第141页 4．How does the author organize the development of Chinese writing system? A．By giving examples. B．By following the order of time. C．By reasoning. D．By making comparisons. 5．Which section is this article likely to appear in the newspaper? A．Health. B．Culture. C．Travel. D．Hobby. 答案：1－5：DCCBB Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1. 尝试翻译　尽管历史跌宕起伏，中国因其古代文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。 2. 尝试翻译　在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致很多不同方言和汉字变体的产生。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture-based language ... By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600－1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a well-developed writing system ... Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction ...(表示时间的衔接词) 学后仿写　在学年伊始，我既害羞又内向，但到了年末，我变得自信并结交了许多朋友。 At the beginning of the school year，I was shy and reserved，but by the end，I had gained confidence and made many friends. 2．教材佳句　People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times ... Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture ...(有效衔接) 学后仿写　在现代，智能手机塑造了我们的沟通方式和获取信息的方式。今天，我们很难想象没有它们的生活。 In modern times，smartphones have shaped the way we communicate and access information.Today，it's hard to imagine life without them. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Which language is widely used besides Chinese in the world? Why? (创造性思维) English.I think there are two main reasons why English is widely used in the world.First，it is related to the English language expansion in the history.Second，Britain and America play an important role in the development of global affairs，which makes English a universal language in the world. 2．What should we do in the face of the condition of many languages in the world? (批判性思维) First，we should learn Chinese well.We can promote the traditional Chinese culture only by learning Chinese well.Second，we should also learn some other languages.Thus we can learn some of the best things about other cultures through their languages. 学生用书↓第142页 ◎ ①system /'sɪstəm/n.体系；制度；系统 ②be known for 因……而出名 ③civilisation /NAmE-ization/n.文明；文明世界 ④all the way through into 一直延续到 ⑤despite /dɪ'spaɪt/prep.即使；尽管 相当于 in spite of，其后跟名词(短语)、 动词-ing形式，不接句子。 ⑥ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 ⑦factor /'fæktə(r)/n.因素；要素 ※main factors 主要因素 ⑧at the beginning 最初；起初 ⑨based /beɪst/adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的 base /beɪs/vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据 ⑩date back (to...)追溯到 ⑪bone /bəʊn/n.骨头；骨(质) ⑫shell /ʃel/n.壳；壳状物 ⑬symbol /'sɪmbl/n.符号；象征 ⑭carve /kɑːv/vt.&vi.雕刻 ⑮dynasty /'dɪnəsti；NAmE'daɪ-/n.王朝；朝代 ⑯lead to 导致；造成 ⑰variety /və'raɪəti/n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化 ⑱dialect /'daɪəlekt/n.地方话；方言 ⑲character /'kærəktə(r)/n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 ⑳major /'meɪdʒə(r)/adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究 ㉑be of great importance很重要；相当于be very important。 ㉒no matter where不论哪里……；不管哪里…… ※此处等于wherever引导的让步状语从句。 ㉓means /miːnz/n.方式；方法；途径 ㉔be connected with 与……有联系 ㉕classic /'klæsɪk/adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著 ㉖regard /rɪ'ɡɑːd/n.尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待 ㉗calligraphy /kə'lɪɡrəfi/n.书法；书法艺术 ㉘play a(n) ...role in在……方面起……作用 ㉙global /'ɡləʊbl/adj.全球的；全世界的 ㉚affair /ə'feə(r)/n.公共事务；事件；关系 ㉛appreciate /ə'prɪːʃieɪt/vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值 ㉜amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的 amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的 ◎ THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM①： CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT China is widely known for② its ancient civilisation③ which has continued all the way through into④ modern times，despite⑤ the many ups and downs⑥ in its history.There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors⑦ has been the Chinese writing system. which has continued all the way through into modern times是which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词its ancient civilisation。 why this has been possible是why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reasons。 At the beginning⑧，written Chinese was a picture-based⑨ language.It dates back several thousand years to⑩ the use of longgu－animal bones⑪ and shells⑫ on which symbols⑬ were carved⑭ by ancient Chinese people．Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi. on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people是“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词animal bones and shells。 By the Shang Dynasty⑮ (around 1600－1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.  Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to⑯ many varieties⑰ of dialects⑱ and characters⑲ ．This，however，changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221－207 BCE)． “by＋过去的时间”作时间状语时，句子用过去完成时。 as it was a time when people were ...leading to...是as引导的原因状语从句，其中when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，leading to ...是动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。 Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major⑳ states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction．That writing system was of great importance㉑ in uniting the Chinese people and culture.Even today，no matter where㉒ Chinese people live or what dialect they spea，they can all still communicate in writing. 学生用书↓第143页 where the Chinese writing system began to...是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词one unified country。where可用in which代替。 no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak是no matter where和no matter what引导的让步状语从句。 Written Chinese has also become an important means㉓ by which China's present is connected with㉔ its past．People in modern times can read the classic㉕ works which were written by Chinese in ancient times．The high regard㉖ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy㉗，which has become an important part of Chinese cultureF10. by which China's present is connected with its past是“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词an important means。 which were written by Chinese in ancient times是which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the classic works。which在从句中作主语。 which has become an important part of Chinese culture是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese calligraphy，which在从句中作主语。 Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture.As China plays a greater role in㉘ global㉙ affairs㉚F11，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate㉛ China's culture and history through this amazing㉜ language. As China plays a greater role in global affairs是as引导的时间状语从句，as意为“随着”。 ◎ 汉字书写体系： 连接过去与现在 尽管历史跌宕起伏，中国因其古代文明一直延续至今而闻名于世。其存续的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。 汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在动物骨头和壳上面刻画符号。其中的一些符号在今天的汉字中仍可看到。 到商朝(约公元前1600年—前1046年)时，这些符号已经演变成一套成熟的书写体系。在随后的年代里，这一体系发展成不同的形式，这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔，从而导致很多不同方言和汉字变体的产生。然而，这在秦朝(公元前221年—前207年)秦始皇统治时期发生了变化。 学生用书↓第144页 秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。 汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。现代的人们可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。中国人对其书写体系推崇备至，这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——中国书法。中国书法已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。 今天，汉字书写体系仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。 课时测评21　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (时间：45分钟　满分：50分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A Nelson Mandela once said，“If you talk to a man in a language he understands，that goes to his head.If you talk to him in his own language，that goes to his heart.” I've always enjoyed learning new languages.So far，I've learned 11 languages. German is the first language I started learning completely on my own.I don't remember clearly why I chose to learn it，but I remember I had no idea how to learn it.I spent several months reading an old grammar book found in my grandmother's bookcase.I quickly became sad. Then I saw an ad on TV about a language series in 4 languages and decided to give it a go.While using it，I came up with my method：a special technique to absorb the basic patterns of any language in a light，natural and fun way.I quickly realized that it was helpful to me. After using the technique for a year and a half，I met a group of Germans while on vacation.I would always remember their faces as they repeatedly asked in surprise，“Why do you speak German so well？” This reaction and the resulting，special connection were enough to fuel my passion to perfect my German.From that moment on，I started reading a lot.The language has become an important part of my life. Lesson learned：If you find a method that you like and works，you can start learning any language by yourself.There is no best method of learning a language.Find something that is helpful to you.And above all，experiment! 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了语言学习的好处以及作者学习语言的方法和对语言学习的见解。 1．What Nelson Mandela said shows the importance of ． A．going to others' hearts B．understanding foreigners C．learning foreign languages D．learning our mother tongue well 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you talk to a man in a language he understands，that goes to his head.If you talk to him in his own language，that goes to his heart.”可推知，纳尔逊·曼德拉的话说明了学习外语的重要性。 2．What did the author most probably think of the old grammar book? A．Simple. B．Helpful. C．Excellent. D．Disappointing. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I spent several months reading an old grammar book found in my grandmother's bookcase.I quickly became sad.”可知，作者觉得旧的语法书是令人失望的。 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The ad. B．The language series. C．Learning all lessons in a light，natural and fun way. D．The way the author learned from the language series. 答案：D 解析：代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Then I saw ...I came up with my method”，再根据“I quickly realized that it was helpful to me.”可知，作者发现自己从语言系列中学到的方法很有帮助。所以画线词“it”指的是作者从语言系列中学到的方法。 B If you want to become a fluent English speaker，you should take some advice.There are four skills in learning English.They are reading，listening，speaking，and writing.The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening. Read as much as you can.But your reading must be active.It means that you must think about the meaning of sentences，the meaning of unfamiliar words，etc.There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammar or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across，but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them，for example in other passages or books，is enough.It would be better to prepare a notebook for yourself so that you can write down the important words or sentences in it. As for listening，there are two choices besides reading.You can listen every day for about 30 minutes.You can only pay attention to your reading and become skilful at your reading，and then you can catch up on your listening.Since you have lots of inputs in your mind，you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say.This never means that you should not practice listening. For listening，you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children.Their languages are easy.Or if you are good at listening，you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day.Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes. If you follow these pieces of advice，your speaking and writing will improve automatically，and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect. 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何提高英语阅读能力和听力水平。 4．According to the author，which should you improve first among the four skills? A．Reading and listening. B．Reading and writing. C．Writing and speaking. D．Speaking and listening. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The most important thing...the skills of reading and listening.”可知，在这四种技能中，应该首先掌握读和听的技能。 5．To improve your reading，when you read you should ． A．look up all new words in the dictionary B．spend more time studying grammar C．think about what you are reading actively D．copy as many words and sentences as possible 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Read as much as you can.But your reading must be active.”可知，为了提高阅读技能，要尽可能多地阅读，同时积极思考你所阅读的内容。 6．The author seems to agree with the view that ． A．everyone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every day B．you needn't practice listening if you keep on reading every day C．being good at reading is helpful in improving your listening D．you should take notes of whatever you are hearing 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“You can only pay attention to your reading and become skilful at your reading，and then you can catch up on your listening.”可知，关注并提高阅读技能有助于听力水平的提高。 7．The passage is mainly about how to ． A．choose suitable listening materials B．deal with new words in reading C．improve your English as quickly as possible D．become good at English reading and listening 答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。文章的主体部分，即第二、三、四段，围绕如何提高英语阅读能力和听力水平展开。 C (2024·重庆二十九中高一期中) The jackfruit is a delicious fruit found throughout certain parts of Asia.But there is more to the fruit than just its taste.When considering the fruit's English name，it is easy to become overwhelmed with questions like：“Who is Jack? And why does he have his own fruit？” Surprisingly，“jackfruit” isn't a person's name at all.The fruit's name originally comes from the southern Indian word chakka pazham，with India thought to be the fruit's place of origin.Portuguese explorers who journeyed to this region went on to call it jack，which leads us to the current English name of jackfruit，according to National Public Radio(NPR)．Unfortunately，no one called Jack has been proven to be involved at any point in this process. There is another food，however，that was directly named after a person—the sandwich.In the 18th century，playing card games late into the night became fashionable in British high society.John Montagu，the 4th Earl of Sandwich，started the habit of ordering pieces of cold beef between two pieces of bread in order to get a late-night snack without having to leave the gaming table or use a knife and fork. This newly-created snack kept hands clean so card players could continue on without dirtying their cards.The midnight snack quickly became popular among everyday people，and before long everyone was making their own sandwiches.That is how the sandwich was invented and got its name. Away from the world of food，there are more examples of names inspired by people.Long johns，the warm trousers that keep us warm in winter，are said to have been named after the US boxer John L．Sullivan who took to wearing a similar type of garment in the ring (比赛)． There are many other interesting etymologies(词源)in the English language like these.So the next time you find an interesting name，why not explore its history too? 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语中一些单词的起源以及背后的故事。 8．What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” in the first paragraph probably mean? A．Puzzled. B．Excited. C．Worried. D．Annoyed. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Who is Jack? And why does he have his own fruit？”可知，人们对这种水果的名字存在疑问，即对名字感到困惑。故画线词意思是“困惑的”。故选A项。 9．Where does the jackfruit's name come from? A．A place in India. B．An Indian word. C．A Portuguese explorer. D．A discoverer of the fruit. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The fruit's name...the fruit's place of origin.”可知，菠萝蜜的名字来自于一个印度词。故选B项。 10．What do we know about the sandwich according to the text? A．It was named after a popular card game. B．It was once eaten as a snack in the daytime. C．It was first popular among the UK's middle class. D．It was created for the convenience of playing cards. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“In the 18th century...use a knife and fork.”可知，三明治是为了方便打牌而发明的。故选D项。 11．What is the author's purpose in writing this article? A．To raise readers' interest in etymology. B．To introduce things named after people. C．To stress the importance of learning history. D．To explain the effects of people's names on food. 答案：A 解析：写作目的题。根据最后一段“There are many other...explore its history too？”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提高读者对词源学的兴趣。故选A项。 D (2024·安徽省合肥市高一八校联考) To most people especially the Americans，the Canadians speak the same language as them.This makes them believe that Canadian English is simply American English.However，there are several reasons why it can be said that the Canadians have their own variant (变体)of the English language.What makes Canadian English so special? Canadian English is a variant of both variants.Because of the fact that their next-door neighbors speak American English，no doubt they were largely influenced by it.However，it is to be noted that the Canadians were strongly against colonization (殖民化)when the Americans tried to force them to join.This showed just how much loyalty (忠诚)they have for the Queen of England.The English spoken by the British and that spoken by the Americans are worlds apart and Canadian English took the best of both worlds to create its own language style. What's more，nothing beats the uniqueness (独特性)of the Canadian accent (口音)．This accent can go back to the history of the first Canadians.The first people to arrive in Canada were the Irish who were under the rule of Great Britain.However，soon after，a large number of people who came from neighboring America also started to arrive.Many accents mixed into something between the British and the American accent.It created certain mannerisms (习惯)which cannot be found in either British or American English. When you are in Canada，you cannot help but notice mannerisms used by most Canadians.The word “eh” is one word which has fully come to be connected with the Canadians.You would most likely hear a Canadian speak to you and end his sentence with “eh”． 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。人们往往认为加拿大英语和美式英语没有区别，但是加拿大人有自己的英语变体，文章对其中的原因进行了介绍。 12．What do most people think of Canadian English? A．It is somewhere in between American and British English. B．It is less popular than American English. C．It is no different from American English. D．It is the same as British English. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“To most people...the same language as them.”可知，大多数人认为加拿大英语和美式英语没有区别。故选C项。 13．What did the Americans try to do in history? A．To require the Canadians to change their mannerisms. B．To ask Canada to take a stand against colonization. C．To force the Canadians to learn American English. D．To make Canada part of America's land. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“However，it is to be noted...force them to join.”可知，历史上美国曾想让加拿大成为美国领土的一部分。故选D项。 14．What can be learned about the first Canadians? A．They were from Ireland. B．They hated Americans a lot. C．They spoke American English. D．They came to Canada through America. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The first people...the rule of Great Britain.”可知，第一批加拿大人来自爱尔兰。故选A项。 15．How do the Canadians use the word “eh”？ A．To finish a sentence. B．To start a new sentence. C．To show good manners. D．To express a strong feeling. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“You would... his sentence with ‘eh’．”可知，加拿大人用“eh”这个词结束一个句子。故选A项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) How to prepare for an exam is a big question that you always ask yourself.Here are some tips that may help you. Never fear or hate exam and be confident. Some students study well but still may be much afraid of exams and due to this reason they get upset and won't be able to get marks. 1 You have to be confident and it is of great help for you to gain success. Prepare a good timetable. Prepare a timetable before starting the study. 2 Difficult subjects can be given more time and easier ones less，but most importantly you should spare some time for rest. Select a proper atmosphere for studying. Studying atmosphere plays a very important role. 3 So pick a place where you feel comfortable.That is where you feel relaxed and can pay attention to what you are doing.Make sure that while you are studying a subject you are focusing on it only.So keep the books of other subjects away from your eyesight so that you won't be upset about all the things you have to learn. Make notes while studying. This is a very important point.While studying，make small notes.The note should be short and clear to make the review easier. 4 Yet don't try to cover everything in it. 5 On the night before exam you have to sleep well，at least 6 hours and not more than 8 hours.Remember this will have a great effect on your exam.And have your food as in your daily diet. A．Sleep well and eat well. B．So try to present answers in points. C．This should include all the subjects. D．This will be of great use to your coming exams. E．A good note shall include the most important points. F．Can anyone study well while others around are watching TV? G．So leave all your fears and free your mind before starting the study. 　　语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。作者就如何为考试做准备给出了几条可行的建议。 1．答案：G 解析：根据上文“一些学生学习很好，但仍然可能很害怕考试，由于这个原因，他们会感到沮丧，无法获得(应得的)分数。”可知，G项“所以开始学习之前，放下恐惧，释放你的内心”承接上文，符合语境，且该项中的So 与上文构成因果关系，故选G项。 2．答案：C 解析：根据上文“在开始学习前准备一个时间表。”可知，C项“这应该包括所有科目”承接上文，符合语境，且该项中的This 指上文“时间表”，故选C项。 3．答案：F 解析：根据上文“学习氛围起着非常重要的作用。”和下文“所以选择一个你觉得舒服的地方。”可知，F项承接上下文，符合语境，故选F项。 4．答案：E 解析：根据上文“为了使复习更容易，笔记应简明扼要。”和下文“但不要试图涵盖所有内容。”可知，E项承接上下文，符合语境，故选E项。 5．答案：A 解析：本空是一个小标题，根据上文各小标题可知，此处应该用短小精悍的祈使句。根据下文“考试前一晚你必须睡个好觉，至少6小时，不超过8小时。”和“吃你日常的食物”可知，A项符合语境。故选A项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$