UNIT 5 Section Ⅶ Writing Workshop & Reading Club-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版2019）

UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE Section Ⅶ　Writing Workshop & Reading Club 内容索引 语基自查　固根基 1 语基讲练　提能力 2 模仿写作　学范文 3 课时测评 4 语基自查　固根基 返回 阅读单词——识记 1．a travel brochure 旅游______ 2．aftershock of an earthquake 地震后的______ 手册 余震 核心单词——练通 1．temporary _________ 临时避难所 2．a piece of _______ 一块金属 3．go ________ 去滑雪 shelter metal skiing 拓展单词——用活 1．_________vt.观察；注意 →observation n．观察；观察结果 →observer n．观察者；评论者；遵守者 2．________ adj.各种各样的，形形色色的 →vary vi.变化 →variety n．种类；多样性 →various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的 3．_______ adj.可怕的，恐怖的 →scare vt.使(某人)惊恐，吓唬 →scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的 observe varied scary 4．__________ adj.无害的 →harm vt.&n.伤害，损害 →harmful adj.有害的，导致损害的 5．___________ n.独创性；创造力 →origin n．起源；源头；身世，出身 →originate vi.&vt.发源；产生，来自；发明，创作 →original adj.独创的，原始的；原来的，开始的 →originally adv.原先，最初 6．______________ n.消亡；消失 →disappear vi.消失，不见 →appear vi.出现；显得 →appearance n．出现；外貌，外观 harmless originality disappearance 重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．_____________ 是……的家园/栖息地/产地 2．____________ 原产于…… 3．________________ 由……组成 第二组　英译汉 4．at one point ____________ 5．as a result _____ 6．leave...alone ________ be home to... be native to be made up of... 一度，曾经 结果 不打扰 典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　“比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数”表达最高级的含义 教材原句　New Zealand is home to __________________________________ ________ (世界上企鹅种类最多的国家). 2．句型公式　同位语从句 教材原句　In fact，it’s a common saying _____________________________ _____________________ (在新西兰一天就能体验四季)! more species of penguins than any other country that in New Zealand，you can get four seasons in one day 3．句型公式　the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... 教材原句　Generally，________________________________________ (你越往南走，天气就越冷). 4．句型公式　with复合结构 教材原句　That leaves the wolves __________________ (没有东西吃)so they start attacking the farmers’ animals. 5．句型公式　虚拟语气 教材原句　If people ______________________ (没有把肉拿走)，the wolves __________________________________ (就会把农民的羊留下). the further south you go，the colder it will be 返回 with nothing to eat hadn’t taken the meat would have left the farmers’ sheep alone 语基讲练　提能力 返回 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 1　shelter n．避难所 vt. & vi. 保护，掩蔽，躲避(风雨或危险) (教材原句)If possible，find a strong shelter nearby which will cover your whole body. 如果可能的话，在附近找一个坚固的掩体，把你的全身遮起来。 (1)take shelter from... 躲避…… under the shelter of... 在……的庇护下 (2)shelter sb/sth from... 保护某人/某物以避免…… 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①During the storm，we took shelter ______ the heavy rain under a tree. ②The little bird made its nest _______ the shelter of the eaves，protected from the harsh weather. ③她撑起一把伞为婴儿遮雨。 She held up an umbrella to __________________________. from under shelter the baby from the rain 2　scary adj.可怕的，恐怖的 (教材原句)It looks like a big，scary grasshopper，but it is actually harmless. 它看起来像一只可怕的大蚱蜢，但实际上它是无害的。 (1)scare v. 使(某人)惊恐；吓唬 n. 恐慌；恐惧 scare sb into doing sth 恐吓某人做某事 (2)scared adj. 对……感到惊慌的；吓坏了的 be scared of... 害怕…… be scared to do sth 害怕做某事 be scared to death 吓得要死 单句语法填空/应用文写作之佳句 ①The salesman scared the old lady ______ signing the paper by threatening to take away the goods. ②I was so ________ (scare) that I didn’t know what to do. ③The way she looked at me was kind of _______ (scare). ④真正的朋友不会害怕告诉你做错了什么。 A true friend _____________________________ what you’re doing wrong. into scared scary is not scared to tell/of telling you Ⅱ. 典型句式讲透 句型公式：with复合结构 (教材原句)That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat so they start attacking the farmers’ animals. 那样做让狼没有可吃的东西了，所以它们开始袭击农民们饲养的动物。 本句中的“with nothing to eat”是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构。 “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语；亦可作后置定语。 常见的with复合结构： (1)with＋宾语＋doing (表示主动或正在进行的动作)； (2)with＋宾语＋done (表示被动或已完成的动作)； (3)with＋宾语＋to do (表示将来的动作，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义)； (4)with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词。 佳句　She felt embarrassed with the whole class staring at her. 由于全班都盯着她看，她感到很尴尬。 单句语法填空/补全句子/句型转换 ①With so many things _______ (do)，I won’t have time to go out tonight. ②With the problem _________ (settle)，he was very happy. ③With winter ________ (come) on，it’s time to buy warm clothes. ④He is used to sleeping ___________________(开着窗户) at night in summer. ⑤After I finished my homework，I went out to play basketball. →__________________________，I went out to play basketball.(with复合结构) to do 返回 settled coming with the window open With my homework finished 模仿写作　学范文 返回 原文呈现 How to Survive an Earthquake If you’re indoors ·Don’t run，but protect yourself.Don’t try to ①run out of the building during an earthquake.The most important thing is [1] to protect yourself as much as you can． ·Drop，cover and hold on.DROP down onto your hands and knees. COVER your head and neck with your hands，arms or hard objects.[2]If possible，find a strong shelter nearby [3]which will cover your whole body. HOLD ON to your shelter until the shaking stops. If you’re outdoors ·Move away from anything [4]that can fall. Move to open areas. Buildings，trees，streetlights and power lines can fall down during an earthquake. ·Find a shelter [5]where you can stay．If you are near objects that can fall，find a shelter to protect yourself from them. ·Wait before moving to another place.Objects may also fall after an earthquake and there are always strong aftershocks.②Observe carefully [6]before you move away． If you’re in a car ·Stop.Stop your car as soon as you can，but avoid stopping near a building or under a tree. ·Stay seated.Stay ③calm in your car.The car’s metal body can protect you from falling objects. ·Drive carefully when the quake stops.Avoid bridges [7]that have been damaged or may be damaged by the aftershocks． 名师圈点 学语言 一、句式美 [1]此处为动词不定式作表语。 [2]此处为省略句，补充完整为If it is possible。 [3]此处为which引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词shelter。 [4]此处为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词anything。 [5]此处为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a shelter。 [6]此处为before引导的时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”。 [7]此处为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词bridges。 二、词汇美 ①此处run out of比walk out of更能描写出地震时人们的惊慌举动。 ②此处用observe比用notice更贴切。notice 通常指无意中“察觉到”；observe则可以指有意观察，比notice更正式。 ③此处用calm更能体现出地震来临时告诫人们要“镇静”。 知结构 首先，点明需要介绍的事物； 其次，具体介绍事物的特点及采取的措施。 情境任务写作 假定你是新华中学的一名高一学生，同时你又是你们学校的一名义务防火宣传员，你要为你们学校交换生宿舍设计一则火灾逃生手册。内容包括： 室内：俯身，掩住口鼻；拨打119；不要企图乘电梯逃生； 室外：不要返回室内；远离火源； 车内：停车并远离。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 仿写程序步骤 1．一仿结构布局合理 ①总说火灾发生时，我们可以有多种办法逃生，引出下文。 ②分说火灾发生时，在不同情况下我们应采取的应对措施。 2．二仿语言规范美观 (1)俯下身子。如果可能的话，用湿毛巾捂住嘴和鼻，以防吸入有害气体。 Lower yourself.If possible，_____________________________ a wet towel in case of breathing in harmful gases. (2)许多人的死亡都是由有害气体造成的。 _____________________ by harmful gases. cover your mouth and nose with Many deaths are caused (3)不要试图乘电梯逃跑。它可能无法工作，你就会被困住。 ____________________________. It may fail to work and you will be trapped. (4)当你发现火灾的迹象时，立即停车并立即下车。 When you find signs of a fire，_____________________________________ _____． Don’t attempt to escape by elevator stop the vehicle immediately and get out at once 3．三仿句式高级表达 (5)把句(2)改为含有It is proved that...的句子。 _________________________________________________ (6)把句(3)改为含有which的非限制性定语从句。 _________________________________________________________________________ (7)把句(4)改为含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 ___________________________________________________________ It is proved that many deaths are caused by harmful gases. Don’t attempt to escape by elevator，which may fail to work and you will be trapped. Stop the vehicle as soon as you find signs of a fire and get out at once. 4．四仿教材连句成篇 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ How to Survive a Fire When there is a fire，we can escape by taking proper measures. If you are indoors Lower and cover.Lower yourself.If possible，cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel in case of breathing in harmful gases.It is proved that many deaths are caused by harmful gases. Don’t take the elevator.Don’t attempt to escape by elevator，which may fail to work and you will be trapped. If you are outdoors Don’t enter the house on fire.The most important thing is to protect yourself as much as you can. If you are in a vehicle Stop and get out.Stop the vehicle as soon as you find signs of a fire and get out at once. 学以致用 地震是一种难以预测的自然灾难，懂得必要的避震措施，可以最大程度减少地震对我们的危害。学校正门公告栏正在征集宣传文章，请根据以下提示写一篇文章： 1．沉着冷静，遇事不惊； 2．室内要找到遮蔽物，如：桌子下面； 3．室外应远离建筑物，去开阔的地方。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ An earthquake is unpredictable and destructive.However，if you act properly，you can minimize the damage.The following is what you are supposed to do at school during an earthquake. First，be sure to stay calm and do as teachers instruct.If you are indoors，take cover under desk quickly and do not move until the floor stops shaking.If you are on the playground，stay where you are，protect your head.Don’t stand near high buildings that may fall down and don’t jump off the building.Help your classmates if you can and try to go through the disaster together. 返回 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 维度一　根据汉语及首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共4分) 1．To find out more about our complete range of products，do not hesitate to sign up online and get our digital __________ (小册子). 2．Our main task at the moment is to provide a _________ (避难所) for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas. 3．If _______ (金属) is heated and then cooled very quickly，to give an example，put in cold water，it will become very hard but will break easily. 4．Many skiers are happy to have a winter to go s_______． brochure shelter metal kiing 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．It has been proved that drinking a little wine is __________ (harm) to our health. 2．As an experienced policeman，he has seen ____________ (vary) criminals of different ages. 3．The scene is so _______ (scare) that some people let out a scream in horror. 4．The ____________ (disappear) of his tumor was amazing because he hadn’t received any treatment. 5．The government should make laws to protect the environment from ______ ________ (pollute). harmless varied/various scary disappearance being polluted 6．Bird Island，which lies in the centre of the beautiful lake，is home ____ more than 80 kinds of birds. 7．Too much pressure from his parents has a bad effect ____ him，making it difficult for him to breathe. 8．Evidence gained from _____________ (observe) and experiment is often used to confirm a fact. to on observation 维度三　完成句子(每小题5分，共20分) 1．这些动物被打扰得越少，它们就会越快乐。(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...) __________ these animals are disturbed，______________________． 2．然而，如果这个保护区没有建立起来，人们现在就不会看到那么多可爱的熊猫了。(if引导的虚拟语气) However，if the reserve ________________________，people ____________ so many cute pandas now. The less the happier they will be hadn’t been established wouldn’t see 3．每天早上他都是班里来得最早的学生。(比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数) Every morning he arrives __________________________ in the class. 4．他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。(同位语从句) The news ________________________ soon spread all over the school. earlier than any other student that they had won the game 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共20分) (2024·衡水市第二中学高一上期中) The Chinese paddlefish(白鲟)—one of the world’s largest freshwater fish—has been announced extinct. Scientists say the paddlefish，also called the Chinese swordfish，is believed to have a lineage dating back at least 34 million years. With its long nose and mouth，the paddlefish could grow as long as seven meters. But a research paper recently published in Science of the Total. Environment reported the paddlefish was now extinct. The researchers include scientists from the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences，Britain’s University of Kent and the University of South Bohemia in the Czech Republic. The paper says the paddlefish was announced extinct for two reasons. It said that the fish was not able to survive because of widespread overfishing and damage to its native environment in the Yangtze River. Researchers discovered 332 different species of fish in the Yangtze River in 2017 and 2018．But they did not find a single Chinese paddlefish. They guessed the fish disappeared between 2005 and 2010．The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish was “a huge loss” to nature. Pan Wenjing is a forest and ocean expert with Greenpeace East Asia. “The ecology of the Yangtze River is almost in ruins due to human activity in past decades，” Pan said. She stressed that China had taken measures to improve the Yangtze’s environment，including a 10-year ban(禁令) on fishing. After the extinction was reported in the news，some Chinese media and Internet users took a look back at the large creatures. Many people appeared to have not heard of the Chinese paddlefish before it was announced extinct. “Every time I see the news of another species going extinct，heart starts to ache，” wrote one Weibo user. “Humans should not live alone on this planet，” the user added. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国白鲟——世界上最大的淡水鱼之一，因人类过渡捕捞等行为而灭绝的现状。 1．What do we know from Paragraph 3? A．Fishing in the Yangtze River. B．Environment in the Yangtze River. C．Researchers of the Chinese paddlefish. D．The reasons for the Chinese paddlefish’s extinction. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The paper says the paddlefish was announced extinct for two reasons.”可知，从第三段可以得知白鲟灭绝的原因。故选D。 √ 2．Which of the following best describes the present situation of the Yangtze River? A．No pain，no gain. B．To protect animals is to protect humans. C．Well begun is half done. D．It’s never too late to mend. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But they did not find a single...‘a huge loss’ to nature.”、第五段“She stressed that China...ban(禁令)on fishing.”和最后一段“Humans should not live alone on this planet”可知，中国白鲟在长江的灭绝是大自然的巨大损失，国家已采取措施来保护长江的环境，因为保护这些自然环境和动物就是在保护生态平衡，从而保护人类。故选B。 √ 3．What’s the writer’s attitude toward the extinction of the Chinese paddlefish? A．Excited. B．Shocked. C．Pleased. D．Curious. 观点态度题。根据第四段中“The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish was ‘a huge loss’ to nature.”并结合全文可知，中华白鲟的灭绝是大自然的“巨大损失”。由此可推知，作者对于中国白鲟的灭绝感到很震惊。故选B。 √ 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Fishing is not allowed in the Yangtze River B．Few people are familiar with the Chinese paddlefish C．The Chinese paddlefish has been announced extinct D．Damage to the environment has bad effects 标题归纳题。根据第一段中“The Chinese paddlefish(白鲟)—one of the world’s largest freshwater fish—has been announced extinct.”并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了中国白鲟宣布灭绝的相关内容。因此C项“中华白鲟已被宣布灭绝”为本文最佳标题。故选C。 √ Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2024·广州市第五中学高一上学期期中) When Arun Krishnamurthy was a teenager，he witnessed a pond near his home filling up with garbage. The 　1　 to the pond inspired him to become a conservationist. In 2007，Krishnamurthy 　2　 the Environmentalist Foundation of India (EFI)—a group that restores freshwater lakes and ponds across India. The team works to 　3　 garbage and restores the natural habitats of birds，frogs and native plants，giving wildlife a chance to 　4　. Over the last 13 years，EFI has 　5　 restoration work on 112 lakes and ponds. EFI’s 　6　 goal is to restore lakes and ponds，but the organization’s work also benefits India’s water 　7　， because restoring water bodies helps groundwater recharge. In fact，groundwater is 　8　 to India，accounting for 80% of its water supply. 　9　，exploitation(开发)—for domestic and agricultural use—is 　10　 reserves at a worrying rate. The government needs to 　11　， but Krishnamurthy believes 　12　 also have a significant role to play. That’s why he wants to raise 　13　 of water’s importance in people’s daily lives. He points to the fact that groundwater in India is used for free，and a lot of it is 　14　. But he feels hopeful not only for India but for the world. He 　15　 people everywhere to pay attention to the dumping of waste and needs of wildlife. With the “right intentions”， says Krishnamurthy，everyone “can make an impact on our planet”． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Arun Krishnamurthy和他的团队清理池塘、湖泊中垃圾的故事，他们的目的是恢复这些池塘、湖泊的水质和生态。他呼吁世界各地的人们关注垃圾倾倒和野生动物的需求。 1．A．introduction B．reference C．damage D．response 根据上文“he witnessed a pond near his home filling up with garbage”可知，池塘中充满着垃圾，所以此处指这是对池塘的破坏(damage)。 根据下文“a group that restores freshwater lakes and ponds across India”可知，此处指他建立了(founded)一个叫作EFI的组织。 √ 2．A．founded B．imagined C．attracted D．understood √ 根据上文“a group that restores freshwater lakes and ponds across India”可知，要修复湖水，要先把水中的垃圾去除掉(remove)。 3．A．store B．recycle C．create D．remove √ 4．A．hide B．return C．function D．repeat 根据上文“restores the natural habitats of birds，frogs and native plants，giving wildlife a chance”可知，由于破坏了池塘，动植物的栖息地遭到了破坏。所以恢复了它们的栖息地之后，这些野生动植物可能会返回(return)。 √ 5．A．given away B．stood up C．carried out D．put off 根据上文“a group that restores freshwater lakes and ponds across India”可知，这个组织是一个在印度各地修复淡水湖泊和池塘的组织，所以此处指过去的13年来，他们实施了(carried out)112个湖泊和池塘的修复工作。 √ 6．A．private B．primary C．financial D．educational 根据上文，EFI是一个在印度各地修复淡水湖泊和池塘的组织。所以此处指他们的主要(primary)目标是恢复湖泊和池塘。 根据下文“water supply”可知，此处指水的供应量(supply)。 √ 7．A．supply B．color C．test D．sport √ 8．A．familiar B．available C．critical D．certain 根据下文“accounting for 80% of its water supply”可知，地下水的储量占到印度水的总的供应量的80%，所以是非常重要的(critical)。 根据下文“exploitation(开发)—for domestic and agricultural use—is ________ reserves at a worrying rate”可知，尽管地下水的储量大，国内和农业用途的开采正在以令人担忧的速度减少储量，因而此处与上文属于转折关系，“然而(However)”符合语境。 √ 9．A．However B．Therefore C．Instead D．Besides √ 10．A．proving B．calculating C．managing D．reducing 根据下文“at a worrying rate”可知，此处指国内和农业用途的地下水的开采正在减少(reducing)地下水的储量。 根据上文，印度的地下水的开采正在减少地下水的储量，所以对于这个被印度视为极其重要的问题上，政府需要采取措施(take action)。 √ 11．A．make a way B．make sense C．take place D．take action √ 12．A．members B．individuals C．farmers D．volunteers 根据上句可知，政府需要采取行动，所以此处指Krishnamurthy认为个人(individuals)也要参与。 短语raise one’s awareness of意为“唤起某人的……意识”。此处指通过自己的行动，想唤起人们对水在人们日常生活中的重要性的认识。 √ 13．A．ability B．conflicts C．awareness D．standards √ 14．A．wasted B．discovered C．studied D．shared 根据上文“groundwater in India is used for free”可知，水的使用是免费的，所以许多人在浪费(wasted)。 根据下文“to pay attention to the dumping of waste and needs of wildlife”可知，此处指他力劝(urges)人们去关注垃圾倾倒和野生动物的需求。 √ 15．A．allows B．convinces C．forces D．urges √ Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分18分) 假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关帮助交通事故伤者的指南，请根据以下提示写一篇英文稿件，内容包括： 1．首先保持镇静； 2．检查伤者呼吸情况，如果呼吸困难，要实施人工呼吸； 3．如伤者有出血情况要用布按压止血，然后等候救护车及警察的帮助。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 _____________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ First Aid Guideline If you happen to witness an emergency，what should you do to come to the rescue? Here are some guidelines that you can follow. Firstly，stay calm and call the police and an ambulance. Next，pay attention to the injured person’s breathing，especially if he is having trouble getting his breath. If necessary，use the mouth-to-mouth technique to give immediate assistance. Besides，if the injured person is bleeding，press a clean towel or cloth onto his wound. Finally，stay with the injured person and comfort him until the arrival of the police and ambulance. 返回 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $$