UNIT 4 Section Ⅵ Grammar(2)-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅵ　Grammar(2) 复合词 语法串烧 我的发现 　　Some people believe that the Internet has many negative aspects. Talking to people online① or having a friendship② with someone you only talk to on the Internet isn’t a replacement③ for real-life④ communication. While it can connect you with other people who use a smartphone⑤， face-to-face⑥ contact with others is important to help you maintain healthy relationships⑦. This argument is thought-provoking⑧ because it shows that people still need face-to-face communication with others today. In addition，spending too much time on the Internet can make you self-centred⑨ because you can become obsessed with popularity and gaining followers. Finally，you need to be careful with various websites⑩ because you can never be 100 percent sure that anything you read online is true. 黑体词均为复合词。其中，复合名词为②③⑤⑦⑩；复合形容词为④⑥⑧⑨；复合副词为①。 学生用书第32页 把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作复合构词法。复合词有的用连字符连在一起，有的直接连在一起，常见的复合词有复合名词、复合形容词、复合动词和复合副词等几种类型。 一、复合名词 1．复合名词的数量很多，可以在句中作主语、宾语等。 Sightseeing took up the whole morning. 观光用了整整一上午的时间。(作主语) Finally they reached a crossroads. 最后他们到了一个十字路口。(作宾语) 2．复合名词的主要构成方式： (1)名词＋名词：classroom教室； newspaper报纸 (2)形容词＋名词：blackboard黑板； greenhouse温室 (3)名词＋动词-ing形式：handwriting书法； sunbathing日光浴 (4)动词-ing形式＋名词：sleeping-pill安眠药； dining-car餐车 (5)名词＋介词＋名词：commander-in-chief总司令； brother-in-law姐夫/妹夫 (6)动词＋副词：get-together联欢会； breakthrough突破 [温馨提示]　(1)“名词＋名词”构成的复合名词变为复数时，作定语的名词一般不改变形式，通常把最后一个词变为复数，例如：girlfriend→girlfriends。但man，woman作定语时，需随着其修饰的名词变为复数。例如：a man servant→men servants；a woman teacher→women teachers。 (2)复合名词的复数形式，一般是在主体名词后加-s或-es，但如果没有主体名词的话，则在最后加-s或-es。例如：editors-in-chief (主编)，sons-in-law (女婿)，passers-by (过路人)，stand-bys (旁观者)。 ◎巧学活用1 (1)把下列复合名词翻译成汉语 ①snowfall 降雪 ②highway 公路 ③horse-riding 骑马 (2)把下列复合名词变成复数形式 ①schoolboy schoolboys ②looker-on lookers-on ③grown-up grown-ups ④woman singer women singers 二、复合形容词 1．复合形容词的数量很多，多数作定语，有些也可以作表语。 They helped us to map out a long-term plan. 他们帮我们设计了一个长远的计划。(作定语) Are you airsick? 你晕机吗？(作表语) 2．复合形容词的主要构成方式： (1)名词＋形容词：world-famous 世界闻名的 (2)名词＋动词-ing形式：peace-loving 热爱和平的 (3)名词＋动词-ed形式：heart-broken 伤心的 (4)动词＋副词：take-away 外卖的 (5)形容词＋名词：long-distance长途的 (6)形容词＋形容词：dark-blue 深蓝色的 (7)形容词＋名词-ed形式：strong-minded 意志坚强的 (8)副词＋动词-ing形式：hard-working勤劳的 (9)副词＋过去分词：well-known 著名的 (10)数词＋名词：first-class 头等的 (11)数词＋名词-ed形式：three-cornered 三角的 (12)基数词＋名词(单数)＋形容词：ten-year-old 十岁大的 学生用书第33页 ◎巧学活用2 用复合形容词补全句子 ①That’s a ten-metre-long (十米长的) stone bridge. ②Nylon is a man-made (人造的) fibre. ③Our English teacher is a warm-hearted (热心的)，honest and strict man. ④It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was a three-hour (三小时的) journey. 三、复合动词 1．复合动词的数量很多，可以在句中作谓语，也可以作非谓语。 He overcame many difficulties and finally succeeded. 他克服了很多困难，最终成功了。(作谓语) The boy sunbathing on the beach is my deskmate. 在沙滩上晒日光浴的那个男孩是我的同桌。(作非谓语) 2．复合动词的主要构成方式： (1)名词＋动词：water-cool 用水冷却 (2)形容词＋动词：quick-charge 快速充电 (3)副词＋动词：outact 行动上胜过 ◎巧学活用3 用适当的复合动词补全句子 ①My mother helped me babysit (照看) my daughter last year. ②They overthrew (推翻) the rule of the cruel king and set up their own country. ③His father underwent (经历) a lot of hardships in his childhood. 四、复合副词 1．复合副词的数量很多，可以在句中作状语、表语等。 This development did not take place overnight. 这一发展不是一蹴而就的。(作状语) Rubbish is everywhere；what a sight! 到处都是垃圾，真煞风景！(作表语) 2．复合副词的主要构成方式： (1)副词＋副词：however 但是 (2)代词＋副词：anywhere 任何地方 (3)副词＋名词：downstairs 在楼下 (4)形容词＋名词：meanwhile 同时 ◎巧学活用4 (1)把下列复合副词翻译成汉语 ①upstairs 在楼上 ②sideways 从一旁地，向一旁地 (2)用适当的复合副词补全句子 ①The new dictionary is nowhere (无处) to be found.Who could have taken it away? ②I will remember the experience in Tibet forever(永远). ③The manager told me to keep calm beforehand (事先). 维度一　从方框中选择合适的复合词并用其适当形式填空 greenhouse，grown-up，man-made，color-blind，newly-born，passer-by，warm-hearted，get-together 1．Some passers-by lent me a hand when they saw me fall down. 2．Many countries have sent up man-made satellites to circle the earth. 学生用书第34页 3．My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely newly-born baby. 4．It isn’t only children that like such jokes；grown-ups are fond of them，too. 5．My neighbors are warm-hearted and they are always ready to help people in trouble. 6．Nowadays，most vegetables we buy in winter are planted in greenhouses． 7．He would have liked to go to the get-together，but his brother was ill suddenly. 8．The little boy over there is color-blind and cannot tell blue from yellow. 维度二　语法与写作 1．尽管这是一份报酬极少的工作，但他仍然花了很多时间和精力做它。 Though it is a poorly-paid job，he still devotes much time and energy to it. 2．他的英语口语很好，因为他来自澳大利亚，一个讲英语的国家。 His spoken English is very good，because he is from Australia，an English-speaking country． 3．鲁迅写了许多世界著名的小说。换句话说，他是一个伟大的作家。 Lu Xun wrote many world-famous novels．In other words，he is a great writer. 4．听到这令人心碎的消息，她号啕大哭起来。 She burst into tears at the heartbreaking news． 5．很多学生报名参加运动会上800米的跑步比赛。 Many students signed up for the 800-meter-long race in the sports meeting. 维度三　语法与语篇 根据汉语提示写出正确的复合词。 My brother is really 1．hard-working (勤劳的).He often works in his office far into the night.Recently，he and his team have decided to have another 2．paper-making (造纸的) factory set up in this town.They found that there are more 3．newly-built (新建的) houses in this village than in that one，and a lot of 4．passers-by (过路人) were 5．grown-ups (成年人).In order to find some suitable workers，they decided to hold an 6．800-meter (800米的) race next week. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$