小升初语法要点复习（讲义）-2023-2024学年译林版（三起）英语六年级下册

六年级语法点总复习，也适用于小升初复习 吃透重难点——讲练结合 内 容 目 录 1.动词过去式的规则变化+习题巩固——【活学活用】 动词过去式的不规则变化——默写表 2.each与every的用法与区别+习题巩固 each不同位置的进阶考察+习题巩固 3.every one与everyone的用法与区别+习题巩固+习题巩固 4.一般将来时的用法 There be句型在一般将来时中的用法+习题巩固 5.感叹句的句型结构+习题巩固 6.有关天气的名词/动词/形容词的用法+习题巩固 7.health / healthy / healthily的用法+习题巩固 8.a few / few / a little / little的用法与区别+习题巩固 9.too一词的用法+习题巩固&与also的区别 10.through、cross、across的区别与用法+习题巩固 11.how long、how often、how far、how soon的用法+习题巩固 12.asleep、sleepy、sleeping、sleep的意义与用法+习题巩固 13.sometime、sometimes、some time、sometime的意义与用法+习题巩固 14.形容词与副词的用法+习题巩固 15.频率副词的用法+习题巩固 16.情态动词的用法+习题巩固 17.a lot of/lots of, many, much, some, a few, a little的用法+习题巩固 18.some和any的用法+习题巩固 19.safe, safely和safety的区别+习题巩固 20.形容词~ing/~ed的使用+习题巩固 21.like作为介词/动词的用法+习题巩固 22.介词的使用+习题巩固 时间介词in、at、on的用法 23.四个“说”——talk 、say、tell 、speak的区别与用法+习题巩固 24.四个“穿”——put、wear、in、dress的区别与用法+习题巩固 25.fun一词的使用+习题巩固 26.交通方式的用法+习题巩固 27.实义动词的一般疑问句与特殊疑问句+习题巩固 28.常见标识的句型结构及提问方式。 29.三个“到达”——arrive in/at、get to、reach的区别及用法 一、动词的过去式的变化规则。 1.大部分动词直接在词尾加-ed。 例如：point—pointed, clean—cleaned 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-d。 例如：live—lived, move—moved 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应先将y改为i再加-ed。 例如：study—studied，cry—cried 以元音字母加y结尾的动词直接在词尾加-ed。 例如：play—played, stay—stayed 4.以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词要双写最后一个字母，再加-ed。 例如：plan—planned, stop—stopped 二、动词过去式不规则变化默写表。 原形 过去式 词义 原形 过去式 词义 cut 切，割 come 来 read 读 become 成为 put 放 overcome 克服 cost 花费，值 ring 打电话，响 let 让 swim 游泳 hurt 受伤 drink 喝 set 设置 begin 开始 hit 撞，击 sing 唱歌 bet 打赌 sit 坐 draw 画 give 给 throw 扔 run 跑 grow 生长 get 得到 know 知道 forget 忘记 blow 吹 drive 开车，驾驶 stand 站立 win 赢 understand 理解 rise 上升 take 拿 ride 骑 mistake 犯错 write 写 shake 摇，握 freeze 结冰 tell 告诉 choose 选择 sell 卖 speak 讲，说 原形 过去式 词义 原形 过去式 词义 smell 闻 break 打破 spell 拼写 plan 计划 keep 保持，喂养 stop 停止 feel 感觉 fit 适合 sleep 睡 wear 穿 sweep 扫 bear 忍受 leave 离开 feed 喂 bring 带来 meet 遇见 buy 买 lead 领导 fight 打架 build 建造 think 思考 send 送，寄 catch 抓，捉 spend 花费 teach 教 lend 借（出） can 可以 mean 意味着 may 也许，可能 deal 处理，解决 shall 将要，应该 steal 偷 will 将会 fall 落下，摔倒 have 有 am/is 是 make 制作，使  are 是 hear 听 eat 吃 find 找到 go 去 say 说  do(does) 做 pay 付款 hold 拥有，举行 lay 下蛋 dig 挖 lie 躺 shoot 射击 fly 飞 beat 打败 lose 丢失 hang 悬挂 原形 过去式 词义 原形 过去式 词义 shine 发光，照耀 learn 学习 bite 咬 burn 燃烧 hide 隐藏 【活学活用】 1.My grandmother often _________ (chat) with me when I was young. 【易错题】 2.My mother (come) back from the supermarket just now.【易错题】 3.A:What your father （do）after lunch? B:He （read）a comic book. A:What he （do）today? B:He （clean）the kitchen for my grandma.Look！He （clean）. 4.Usually my mother （wash）the dishes after lunch.But my grandma （wash）today. 5.They （play）chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 6.Tom often （go）to school on foot.But today is rain.He （go）to school by bike. 7.——It’s Friday today.What she （do）this weekend?【易错题】 ——She （watch）TV and （catch）insects. 8.Look！Tom （have）a book in his hand now.【易错题】 9.——Who__________ (try) on the dress? ——My sister.【易错题】 10.Liu Tao with me (have) a picnic now. 三、each与every的用法与区别 1.each强调个别，有“各自”的含义；多用于两者之间的 ①each+n.单数，谓语动词用单数 Eg:Each man has his own name.每个人都有自己的名字 ②each可与of连用，表示“....中的每一个” Eg:Each of them has a story to tell. 他们中的每一个人都有故事去讲。 ③each可单独使用 Eg:Each has his advantages.每个人有自己的优点。 2.every强调整体，有“所有人”的含义，相当于all;多用于三者及以上之间的 ①every+n.单数，谓语动词用单数 Eg:Every student in our class is having lunch now. =All students in our class are having lunch now. 我们的所有学生正在吃饭。 ②every不可单独使用，不可与of连用 【活学活用】 1. likes English. 2. of the books is interesting. 3.I have one thumb（拇指）on hand. 4. foot has 5 toes（脚趾）. 5.They have a book. 6.I gave a gift to of my parents. 7. student has a pen. 8.I have many apples. is big and red. 9.There are many shops on side of the street. 四、each在主语前后，不同位置的的进阶考察。 1.each作形容词，置于主语之前，是对主语进行个体限定，着重”每一个个体“，谓语动词用单数。 2.each作代词，置于主语之后，作主语的同位语，着重强调”主体“，谓语动词用看主语。 Eg:Each student has a book in their hands. Students each have a book in their hands. 【活学活用】 1.We and our friends each （take） our phones into the living room. 2.Each dress (cost)ten dollars. 3.The visitors each (give) the children a present. 4.We each (try) to solve this Maths problem. 五、everyone与every one的用法与区别。 ①every one既可以指人也可以指物，通常与of连用;也可单独使用 ②everyone只可以指人，表示每个人，等于everybody,不能与of连用； 【活学活用】 1. likes to be appreciated（欣赏）. 2. in the school is excited about the coming winter holiday. 3.There are 50 students in this class and he knows . 4. of the students in our class participated in the charity event. 5. is happy. 6.I bought three apples, is red. 六、一般将来时的用法。 1.一般将来时句子结构： ①主语+will/ shall + do/be (动词原形)，通常指未经过思考或计划过的，表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态（更多是客观的） ②主语+ be (is/am/are) going to do/be (动词原形)，通常指经过思考的，有计划的去做某事（着重主观）；有客观迹象表明时，也用此句型。 ③常见的时间状语:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow ,next week/ month/ year 下周/月/年 in +时间段,soon,in (the) future,coming...... 【活学活用】  1.He is very busy this week, he _________ free next week. A.will is B.is C.will D.will be 2. _________ your brother _________ a magazine from the library? A.Are; will borrow B.Is; going to borrow C.Will; borrows D.Are; going to borrows 3.If they come, we _________ a meeting. A.will have B.have C.had D.would have 4.Charlie _________ here next month. A.isn’t going to working     B.doesn’t working C.isn’t working D. won’t work 5.---_________you_________free tomorrow? --- No,I _________ free the day after tomorrow. A.Are; going to; will B.Are; going to be; will be C.Are; going to; will be D.Are; going to be; will 6.Stop smoking, Joe! You _________ yourself if you keep on doing it like that! A.have kill B.will kill C.kill D.killed  7._________ open the window? A.Will you please B.Please will you C.You please D.Do you  8.--- Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? ---_________.  A.Yes, please B.Yes, you will C.No, please D.No, you won’t  9.If there is any change to the plan, I _________ you as soon as possible. A.told B.have told C.tell D.will tell  10.The train _________ at 11. A. going to arrive B.will be arrive C.is arriving D.is going to  七、There be句型要点以及在一般将来时中的用法 ①there be句型有特点，主语放在be后面。单数与不可数用is,复数形式要用are. 变否be后+not,变疑就把be提前。肯定句中用some,否疑句中用any. 多个主语遵循“就近原则”，have是敌不可遇。 ②There be+某人/某物+某地“某处有某物/某人” ③在一般将来时中用法：①there will be ②there is going to be 提问There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 1.对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who”提问；当主语是物时，用“What”。 注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，提问时一般都用be的单数形式， 回答时根据实际情况来决定。 Eg:—There are many things over there？ —What's over there? Eg:—There is a little girl in the room. —Who is in the room? 2.对地点提问：提问地点用“Where is/are+主语”。 Eg:—There is a computer on the desk. —Where is the computer？ 3.对数量提问：How many+复数名词+are there+地点短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+地点短语？ Eg:—There are two chairs in the bedroom. —How many chairs are there in the bedroom? 【活学活用】 一、用be动词的适当形式填空。 1.There ________ (be) a lot of forests in the city long long ago. 2.There ________ (be) many people in the park yesterday. 3.Many years ago, there ________ (be) a tiger and three rabbits. 4.Before there ________ (be) no computers in my old school. 5.There ________ (be) some apple juice in these glasses twenty minutes ago. 6.There ________ (be) a heavy rain last night. 7.There _______（be）many things over there. 8.There _______ (be) a little girl in the room. 9. _______ there any water on the moon? 10.There _______ (be not) a bike behind the tree. 二、单项选择。 1. _______ there a new bike in front of our classroom?     A. Is　　    B. Are　　    C. Do　　    D. Does 2. There ______ any books on your desk.     A. aren’t　　　     B. isn’t　　　     C. don’t　　　     D. doesn’t 3.— ________ apples are there on the table? —There are four.     A. How much　　　     B. How many　　    C. How large　　　      D. How big 4.—_______ milk is there in the bottle? —There is little.     A. How many　　　     B. How old　    C. How far　　　       D. How much 5. ______ your father _____ a new car?     A. Is; there 　　       B. Are; there　    C. Does; have 　　     D. Do; has 6. ______ less milk in this bottle than in that one.      A. There have       B. There has      C. There is          D. There are   7. —Again, my computer doesn’t work.— _______ must be something wrong with the CPU.     A. There       B. That       C. It       D. This 8. There ______ a talk show on CCTV-3 at eight this evening.     A. is going to be           B. is going to have    C. will have               D. are going to be 9. —There ___ no milk in the fridge. Could you got some for me, Dick? — All right, Mum.     A.is       B. are       C. was       D. were 10．—How many _______ are there on the table?   —Eighteen.     A. milk             B. milks         C. bottle of milk         D. bottles of milk 11．There are________ in a year and December is ________ of the year. A.twelve month; the twelfth month                    B.the twelfth month; twelve months   C.twelve months; twelfth month                         D.twelve months; the twelfth month 12.Attention, please. There ______ a football game between China and Korea this evening. A.is going to be B.has been C.has D.will have 八、感叹句的用法。 A. 找出句子的主语和谓语动词; B. 看主语前面单词的词性; C. 如果是名词；用what; 如果是形容词/副词，用how; 【活学活用】用how / what/ what a/an填空 1. __________ beautiful their dresses are! 2. _______ beautiful music it is! 3. _______ _ well she could play the piano! 4. _____ _ great news she heard! 5. __________ interesting story she told! 6. ____________ great fun it was to play computer games! 7. great time we had playing football in the playground yesterday. 8. fast he run! 9.多么令人激动的比赛啊！_______ _______ ________ match! 10.多么漂亮的衣服啊！_______ _______ clothes! 九、有关天气的名词/动词/形容词的用法。 A. 句中有be动词时，通常用其形容词或者其动词ing形式； B. 句中有表示数量的词,通常用其名词形式； C. 句中出现助动词do; does; did使用其动词形式 【活学活用】 1. Today it is ____________(sun). 2. It’s _________ in Jiangsu in spring. It often ______ here. It __________ last night. Look! It ________ now. (rain) 3. I got there on a _________(snow) day. 4. Did it ____________(rain) last night? 5. Is it ___________(snow) now? --- No. it isn’t. 6. Was it ___________(snow) yesterday? 7.It was ________ (rain) yesterday. 8.The ________ is shining. It is a ________ day today. (sun) 9.It is ________ outside now. It is ________ this spring. (rain) 10.The weather is ________ (cloud) and ________ (wind). 11.It is not ________ today. But it _________ yesterday evening. (rain) 12.The weather became _________. There were some black ________. (cloud) 13.There was a heavy (rain)yesterday.It (rain)heavily. 十、health / healthy / healthily的用法 health是名词，表示“健康” healthy是形容词，表示“健康的” healthily是副词形式，表示“健康地”。 【活学活用】 1. Doing sports is good for our ____________. (healthy) 2. Fruit and vegetables are _____________(health) food. 3. We should do exercise to keep ______________(health). 4. The food is _________. We should eat __________. (health) 5. Walking up and down the stairs is a good kind of exercise to stay ____ __. (health) 十一、a few / few / a little / little的用法与区别 a few / few用来修饰可数名词复数，a few表肯定意义，“有一些” few表否定意义，“几乎没有” a little / little用来修饰不可数名词，a little表肯定意义，“有一些” little表否定意义，几乎没有； 【注意】a little还可表达“一个小的…..” 【活学活用】根据句意，用few，a few，little 或a little填空 1. Do you want water? There is _____left in my glass. 2. There are a lot of new books, but________ of them are easy to read. 3. Please hurry up. There is _____ time left. 4. The box is very heavy. ___________of us can lift it. 5. Don't worry, we still have_________ time left. 6. There are_________ books left. We can't lend you any one. 7. Li Ping has learned Russian for four years, and he can speak______ Russian now. 8. There is __________ink in my pen, Please give me____________. 9. Give me another cup of tea please. There is ___________in this cup. 10. Don't rush. There is still__________ time left. 11. The question is so difficult that________ students can answer it. 12. There is _________food in the cupboard. I must go and get some. 13. I have quite ________ books on art. 14. Can’t you walk ________ faster? 15. The music from the radio sounds so beautiful. Could you please turn up the radio_______, Mum? 二、单项选择。 1. —Could you show me how to do the word processing? —Sorry, I know _____ about it. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 2. There is ________sheep on the hill. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 3. There’re ________ interesting places in China. A. quite a few B. quite a little C. few D. little 4. She has written a lot of books, but _________ are good ones. A. any B. some C. few D. many 十二、too一词的用法。 too many修饰可数名词复数； too much修饰不可数名词； much too修饰形容词或者副词。 be + too adj. + to do sth. 表示 “…..太….而不能做某事” also(也)和too(也)的区别： ①also用于肯定句和疑问句中，用于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。 ②too用于肯定句的句尾。 【活学活用】 1. There are _________ work to do. A. too many B. much too C. too much D. many too 2. The box is ___________heavy. I can’t move it. A. too many B. much too C. too much D. many too 3. --- You shouldn't eat ______ meat because it's bad for your health.  --- Thanks. And eating a lot will make me look _______ fat.  A.much too；too much   B. too much；much too  C. many too；too many  D. too many；many too 4. I’m sorry. The room is ____ small to hold so many people. Would you please wait outside? A. so B. such C. very D. too 5. I’m _____ make a phone call to my friends. I have a lot of work to do. A. too busy to B. so busy that C. so busy to D. too busy that 6.--- Mum, the soup is _______salty.  --- Sorry, dear. I've put _______salt in it. A. too much; a lot  B. much too; a lot  C. many too; a lot of  D. much too; too much 十三、through、cross 、across的用法与区别。 1.through 物体从内部穿过 2.across 物体从表面穿过 3.cross 属于动词，物体从表面穿过 4.over介词，从物体的正上方穿过 【活学活用】 1.We must ________ the road very carefully.  2.Before going _________ the road, you should look left first and then right.  3.Look! The man is swimming _______ the lake.  4.They drove _______ the street quickly, but the police caught them at last.  5.We walked _________ the forest.  6.I try to get into the room ____ the window because I can’t open the door. 十四、how long、how often、how far、how soon的用法与辨别 1.how long 询问“一段时间” 2.how often 询问“频率” 3.how far 询问“距离” 4.how soon询问“多久，常用于一般将来时” 【活学活用】 1. --- ___________ have you been in China?          --- For three years.   2.--- ____________will he back?                 --- In five minutes.   3. --- ____________do you visit you grandparents?   ---- Once a week.   4. --- _____________should I throw it          ---- Five metres.    5. --- ___________ did you stay there?                ---- For a week.   6.--- _______ do his parents let him watch TV?  --- Three times a week.   7. --- __________will her husband come?         --- In two days. 十五、asleep / sleepy / sleeping / sleep的用法 1.asleep adj.睡着的 2.sleepy adj.困倦的，想睡的 3.sleeping n.睡眠 vi.sleep的现在分词 4.sleep v.睡觉 【活学活用】用sleep, sleeping, asleep或sleepy填空 1. Don't make a noise. Grandpa is ____________. 2. I didn't sleep well last night, so I'm feeling __________ now. 3. I was too excited to go to ____________. 4. The teacher found Tom ___________ in class. 5. He was so tired that he fell ____________ at his desk. 十六、sometimes / some times / sometime / some time 的使用 1.sometime副词：某个时候。可指过去或将来的某个时候 2.some time 某段时间。常与for连用。 3.sometimes用作副词，表示“有的时候”，与from time to time 意思相同， 可以把它放在句首，句尾或句中。 4.some times也用作名词短语，意为“几次，几倍” 【活学活用】用some time / sometime / sometimes / sometimes 练习 1. _____ __ I go to school on foot . 2. We will meet again ___ __ next week . 3. Lenin stayed in London for ______ ___. 4. David has been to the museum _____ ____. 5. We visited the small town _____ ___ last year and stayed there for _____ ____. 6. He ____ ____ watches TV. A. sometimes B. sometime C. some time D. some times 7. He has seen the film ______ , so he won’t go to the cinema with us . A. some time B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times[ 十七、形容词与副词的用法 1.形容词可以修饰名词，作定语；也可以放在系动词之后，作表语 2.副词常用来修饰动词和形容词，通常放在动词、be动词、助动词、情态动词之后；位于实义动词、形容词之前。 3.形容词基本构成=名词+y / ly / ous / ive / ful Eg:wind+y=windy；danger+ous=dangerous；expense+ive=expensive；care+ful=careful 4.副词基本构成=形容词+ly Eg:careful+ly=carefully；open+ly=openly；wide+ly=widely 【活学活用】 一、单项选择 1. -- I put my purse on the table just now, have you seen it?    --No. I haven’t. You should never put __________ on the desk anyway. A.anything important B. important anything C. something important D. important something 2. —How was your final exam? —The English and Maths papers weren’t ____ for me. I hope I haven’t failed.[来源 A. easy enough         B. difficult enough C. enough easy          D. enough difficult 3. -- Which shirt is ________, the blue one or the pink one?   -- Oh, they are both nice, so it’s hard to choose.   A. nice    B. nicer    C. the nicest    D. good 4. Which is __________, the computer, the Internet or the robot?   A. useful             B. more useful C. the more useful         D. the most useful 5. Peter was a friend of Mary’s ________ brother, Johnny. A. eight-year-old          B. eight-year old C. eight-years old         D. eight years old 6. He got up ________ to catch the early bus. A. early enough          B. enough early C. earlier enough        D. enough earlier 7. I can __________ catch up with you. Can you walk slowly?  A. hard     B. hardly    C. harder   D. hardlier 8. As long as you drive __________, you will be very safe. A. careful            B. careless C. carefully           D. carelessly 9. —How about sitting ________ and talking? —That’s a good idea.  A. anywhere          B. somewhere C. everywhere          D. nowhere 10. When the thief saw a policeman, he run away as ________ as possible. A. quick    B. quickly     C. fast    D. fastly 二、用所给词汇的适当形式填空。 1. Jane looks so ____ _ today because she has got an “A”in her maths test. (happy) [来 2. Mobile phones are _________ (wide) used in most of the cities in China.  3. He put on his coat and went out ________ (quick).  4. To our surprise, he suddenly returned on a cold ______ (snow) night.  5. Allie asked me ____ __ (polite) to put the things away.  6. You must keep your eyes ___ ______ when you do eye exercises.(close)  7. The cake smells ____ __. Please throw it away.(bad)  8. ---What was the weather like yesterday? --- It was terrible. It rained so __ ___ (heavy)that people could hardly go out.  9. Bob never does him homework so _______ as Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. (care) 10. We must keep ___ _ in the library.” the woman said __ __ to me. (quiet)  十八、频率副词的用法 1.常见的频度副词有：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly ever, never 等。 2.频率副词通常放在助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前 3.它们表示的频率由高到低的顺序为： always﹥usually﹥often﹥sometimes﹥seldom﹥hardly ever﹥never 【活学活用】 一、将频率副词填入适当得位置。  1. Lisa helps her mom at home. （usually） ________________________________ 2. Jack is late for class. （never） ________________________________________  3. He goes to school at 7:00 every morning. （always） _______________________ 4.The sun rises in the west. (never) ________________________________________ 二、选择正确的答案[ 1. She __________ in her bed, but it is not good to her eyes.   A. always sleeps  B. never studies  C. often studies  D. seldom sleeps  2.  He __________ hungry after school, so he eats a snack before he goes home. [来 A. is never  B. always is  C. never is  D. is always  3. ---____does he watch TV? ---Once a week. A. How long   B. How soon   C. How often   D. How many 4. ---_____does he take this medicine?   ---Twice a day.   A. How soon   B. How long    C. How much   D. How often 5. ---How often does your sister surf the Internet?       ---About _________.  A. three time  B. three times  C. three time every day   D. three times a day 6. ---Does Alice often work until 2 a.m.?  ---No, she ________ .  A. Nearly does          B.  does nearly        C. seldom does          D. does seldom  7. ---Were you often late for school last term, Tom?  ---No, _______. I got to school early every day.  A. always        B. usually          C. sometimes       D. never  8. ---John sings so well. Has he ever been trained?       ---No. He learns all by himself. He ________ goes to any training class.       A. usually          B. often          C. never        D. even  十九、情态动词的用法。 1.could是can的过去式，表示“能；会”，后面接动词原形。 ①could的各种句式如下：肯定句—主语+could/can+动词原形+其他. 否定句—主语+couldn’t/can’t+动词原形+其他. ②一般疑问句：Could/Can+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答为：Yes,主语+could/can. （或Sure / Of course. ） 否定回答为：Sorry / No, 主语+ can’t 2.may / might ①表示可能，意为“可能；也许”；  ②表示允许或征求同意。在提出请求时，might语气更为委婉。 其肯定回答为：“Yes, you may.”； 否定回答为：“No, you can’t / may not.”。 3.should ，意为“应该”，表示义务或建议。 4.need，表示必要性，意为“需要”，既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。 作情态动词多用于否定句和疑问句。 作实义动词时，后面要跟to加动词原形。 5.must，意为“必须”，语气比较强烈，后面接动词原形 must的否定形式为mustn’t，意为“禁止；绝对不能” 一般疑问句：Must+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes, …must. 否定回答No, …needn’t. 【活学活用】 1.─Why did you pull the girl？ ─You see, traffic was so busy that anything happen to her at that moment. A. could B. should C. may D. must 2.—Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li? —No, it _____ be him. Mr Li has gone to America. A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't 3.—Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall? —No, it        be him. He has gone to Japan. A. needn’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. can’t 4.—I can’t give up smoking, doctor. —For your health, I’m afraid you ________. A. may B. can C. have to D. must 5.—She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam. —I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might 6.—May I watch TV for a while？ —No, you ______. You have to finish your homework first. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t 7. The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must 8.— Another cup of coffee? —No, thanks. I _____ be off. Mary is waiting for me. A. can B. may C. must D. Might 9. —Is Mike coming to the fashion show tomorrow? —I’m not sure. He not come. A. must B. can C. may D. should 10. —Will Dad be back home at 6 o’clock this evening? —He should, but he not. Sometimes he exercises after work. A. can B. must C. need D. may 11. —Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?     —No, it________ be him. Mr Li is much taller.  A. mustn't  B. may not  C. can't  D. needn't  12. —Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who____it be? Is it Wei Fang? —No. It______be her. She is at school now.  A. will; may not  B. must; mustn't  C. may; can't  D. may; won't  13. —Is Mr Hu in the reading room?  —No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin.  A. mustn't  B. needn't  C. won't  D. can't  14. Class 3 won the football match! ________it be true? A.May  B. Must  C. Will  D. Can  15. —May I go to the cinema, Mum?  —Certainly. But you________ be back by 11 o'clock.  A. can  B. may  C. must  D. need    16. Yes, it is. We________be more careful.  A. can  B. may  C. must  D. need      17. —Must I finish the work before five o'clock?    —No, you________.  A. needn't B. mustn't  C. have to  D. can’t 18. —________I come back before five o'clock?     —No, you________. But you________be back later than seven o'clock. A. Need; must; mustn't  B. May; mustn't; can't    C. Can; can't; can't  D. Must; needn't; can'19. —Must I clean the room right now?  —No, you____. You____clean it after lunch. A. needn't; can  B. needn't; may    C. mustn't; can D. mustn't; may  20.This book________ Lucy's. Look! Her name is on the book cover.  A. must be  B. may be  C. can't be  D. mustn't be 二十、many, much, a lot of, lots of和a lot的区别与用法。 这几个词都表示“许多”，区别是： 1.many后面接可数名词的复数形式。 2. much后面接不可数名词。 3. a lot of和lots of后面既可以接可数名词的复数形式，相当于many，也可以接不可数名词，相当于much。 4. a lot后面不能接名词，但可以用来修饰动词或名词，表示程度。 【活学活用】 一、单项选择。 1. —How much ________ do you want to buy? —A little. A. tomatoes B. rice C. apples 2. We should eat ________ sweet food at a time. A. a lot of B. a little C. a few[来 3. You can’t eat ________ meat. You should eat ________ vegetables. [来 A. too many; some B. too much; some C. too much; a little 4. Chinese people often have some _______ and steamed buns for breakfast. A. cereal B. sausages C. porridge 5.Sam has _______ meat. Bobby has _______ eggs. A. much; a lot of B. many; a lot C. many; a lot of 6.You can see a lot of _______ in the photo. A. child B. children C. childs 7.At night, we shouldn’t eat _______. A. so many B. so much C. many food 8.Billy usually eats _______. A. a lot of B. lots of C. a lot 二、用much或many填空。 1.There are ________ trees in the forest. 2.Please don’t drive too ________. 3.There is not ________ coal or oil on Earth. 4.There is not ________ water. 5.In _______ places, people don’t have enough water to drink. 6.There is _______ milk in the bottle. 7.Don’t use too _______ plastic. 8.We shouldn’t use too ________ plastic bags. 二十一、some和any的区别与用法。 some和any都表示“一些”，它们既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。 1.some adj.（多用于肯定句，希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中） ①修饰可数名词复数，指三个或三个以上，“一些、若干” Eg:Some children like playing on the playground.一些孩子喜欢在操场上玩。 ②修饰不可数名词，“一些、若干” Eg:There is some water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 2.some 代词“一些人、一些物；有些人、有些物” Eg:There are many people in the park. Some are walking. Some are talking. 公园里有许多人。一些在散步，一些在谈话。 1.any adj.（多用于否定句、疑问句） ①修饰可数名词复数，“任何数目的人或物” Eg: I didn’t eat any apples. ②修饰不可数名词，“任何量的” Eg:Can you speak any English?你能说点英语吗？ ③用于肯定句中修饰单数可数名词，“任何一个” Eg:Give me a pen ---any pen will be OK.给我一支钢笔——任何钢笔都行。 2.any 代词“任何一个人/物” Eg:She didn’t read any of the books.这些书中的任何一本她都没看。 【注意】 在表示建议、反问、请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any。 Eg:Would you like some juice?你要不要来点果汁?  What about some fruit juice?来点水果汁如何?  【活学活用】 一、用some和any填空。  1. There isn’t____ __ milk in the fridge. 2. I can see____ __ cars, but I can’t see _____ _ buses.  3. He has___ ___ friends in England.  4. Are there____ __ trees on the farm?  5. —Would you like ____ __ tea?   —No, I don’t like ______ tea, but I’d like ______ cakes.  6. Is there__ ____ rice in the kitchen?   7. There are_____ _ new buildings in our school.  8. Here are____ __ presents for you.   9. —Are there______ pictures on the wall?  —No, there aren’t ______ pictures.   10. There is______ milk in the bottle.  11. Are there______ bananas in the bag?  12. There are not ___ boys on the bus.  13.There isn’t ___orange juice in my bottle. Please give me_____ . 14.—Do you have_____picture-books?      —No, I don’t have_____ . But I have_____story-books.    15.—Is there_____rice in the bag?      —No, there isn’t_____ .     16. —Are there___ __boys in the classroom?      —No, but there are__ ___girls in it.    17.—Would you like_____fruit juice, please?      —No. I’d like_____tea.     18.If you have __questions, please put up your hands. 19.May I ask you __questions, Miss Wang? 二十二、safe, safely和safety的区别。 1.safe是形容词，意思是“安全的”，和名词或be动词连用。 2.safely是副词，意思是“安全地”，通常和动词连用。 3.safety是名词，意思是“安全” 【活学活用】 1.To cross the road _ __, we should know something about road __ __. 【易错题】 A. safe; safety B. safely; safe C. safely; safety 2.To stay ,you must stay in the classroom.(safe) 3.We are learning about road .(safe) 4.We went home yesterday.(safe) 5.How can we use knife ?(safe) 6.For your ,please do not run on the road.(safe) 二十三、形容词~ing/~ed的使用 A. 修饰人用~ed;修饰物用~ing B. be interested in doing sth.对…..感兴趣 C. boring / bored无聊的 【活学活用】 一、单项选择。 1.We're________at the________news that Saddam was sentenced to death. A. amazing; amazed   B. amaze; amazing C. amazed; amazing   D. amazed; amazed 2.I’m_______to see the baby’s______ ability in music. A. amazing, amazing   B. amazing, amazed C. amazed, amazing   D. amazed, amazed 3.The little girl felt ________ on hearing the _________ news. A. amazed; amazing    B. amazing; amazed C. was amazed; amazing  D. was amazing; amazed 4.He was extremely ______at the _______news! A.surprising, surprised    B.surprising ,surprising C.surprised, surprising    D.surprised, surprised 5.He was_ __at the__ news. A. excited, exciting B. exciting, excited  C. exciting, exciting D. excited, excited 6.Lucy felt_________when she heard the___________news. A.excited; exciting B. exciting; exciting C. excited; excited D. exciting; excited 7.The film is ________, many people are deeply _________. A.moving, moved    B.moved, moving C.moving, moving   D.moved, moved 8.The ________film made the students ________. A.moved,moved    B.moving,moving C.moved,moving    D.moving,moved 9.We're________to listen to her________voice. It's________to hear her sing. A. pleased; pleasing; pleasure           B. pleased; pleasant; a pleasure C. pleasing; pleased; a pleasure         D. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure 10.My parents are ________ with the __________ trip. A. pleased; pleasant B. pleasant; pleased C. pleased; pleasing D. pleasing; pleased 11.He was _____about his______son, who is always skipping classes. A.worried, worried    B.worrying, worried C.worried, worrying   D.worrying, worrying 12.He was _____________in the ____________movie A.interested, interesting    B.interesting, interested C.interest, interesting    D.interest, interested 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. We heard an ______________(excite) news. 2. Were you ____________with the film?(bore) 3. My father was __________(excite) about the football math on TV. 4. They all felt _________ about ______________film. (boring) 5. All of us were ___________(interest) in the _______(interest) films. 6. Did you feel ___________(excite)when seeing the film? 二十四、like的词性及用法 1.like vt. ①喜欢做某事like doing ②想要做某事would like to do sth. 2.like pron. be like/ look like+名词或代词作宾语，意为"像……；跟……一样"。 常用句型①What is like?某人怎么样？（询问人的品质或外貌） ②What does sb look like?=How does sb look?询问某人的长相 ③What would you like? 你想要点什么？ ④How do you like...？意为"你认为……怎么样？"(＝What do you think of...？) 【活学活用】用like或其它介词填空，不必要的地方划"/"。 1. What's the weather       in Beijing? Hot and rainy.  2. Look! The big cat is ____ ___ little tigers. I am afraid of them.    3. He _____  pears very much. Please give him one.  4.We _____  pets. We keep two dogs and three cats.  5. Would you __ __ something to drink? 6. —What is he         ? —He is kind and easy going.  7. The little girl looks        her father.  8. We'll go for a walk if you feel         it.  9. The tall tree stands by the gate,        a soldier guarding the schoolyard.  10. I don't feel ____ _ a cup of tea.11. I worked _____ a slave. 12. We study Japanese ___ __ a second foreign language. 13. Accidents_____ this happen all the time. 14. Jane is a fine dancer, __ ___ her sister is. 15. We all have different likes and ___ __. 二十五、介词的使用【时间介词的使用】 时间介词at / in / on的用法 A. 含有this / last的词时，前面不用任何介词 B. 当morning/afternoon前面有修饰词修饰时，一律用on C. 当表示一段假期用at; 表示具体一天on 比如：at Christmas; on Christmas’ Day 【活学活用】选择恰当的介词填空in、on、at、before、after、from、to、for 1. We have a PE lesson ____________Monday. 2. The music lesson begins _________2:00p. m. 3. In the morning, we have classes _________eight ________ twelve 4. Su Hai usually watches TV ________Friday evening. 5. I go to bed ________ ten. So I have to finish my homework ____________ten 6. My sister got a lot of presents __________ her birthday. 7. It often snows _________ Harbin _______________winter 8. This new doll is ________my little sister. 9. She is afraid of going out __________ night. So she always stays__________home. 10. December comes ________November. And October comes ___________November 11. Children's Day is_________June lst. 12. I had a good time ______ Christmas. I ate delicious food ________ Christmas eve 13. _______2022， I’m going to go ________the UK 14. The woman _________a red dress is my aunt. 15. _______a cold winter morning, I met her in the street. 16. I'm sorry. I can’t say it _______English 17. The shop is closed ______this time of day. 18. I'm going to be in Suzhou ________________two days next week 19.Liu Tao is reading a story _______ (in /on) the newspaper.  二十五、talk / say / tell /speak的用法 1.speak “说”或“讲”，不强调说话内容 。①speak+某种语言 ②speak to sb同某人说话 2. tell 译为“告诉”，侧重一个人对另一个人讲述；   告诉某人某事: tell sb. about sth.   告诉某人（不）做:tell sb（not) to do sth.   固定搭配：①讲一个故事/笑话 tell a story/joke ②撒谎：tell a lie 3. talk 译为“谈论”，侧重“交谈”   ①谈论某事 talk about sth. ②和某人交谈 talk with/to sb. 4.say 译为“说”，侧重“说”的内容 和某人说某事 say sth. to sb. 【活学活用】用 speak/ tell/ talk/ say的适当形式填空。 1.Marry can _______English and French. 2.My mother often _______us some interesting stories in English. 3.What are you going to _______ at the meeting this afternoon? 4.What are you _______ about? Why are you so happy? 5.Mr. Green _______that Chinese culture is interesting. 6.Lily _______ the news to everyone she knows. 7.Lucy is _______to her grandparents on the phone. 8.The kind girl always _______ “hello” to her neighbors(邻居). 9.My mother is _______ to Mike’s mother about us. 10.Tom _______ English as well as a foreigner(外国人). 11.I waited for an answer, but she didn't ______ a word. 12.He______ us that he was going to buy a new car. 13.He______ that he would wait for me at the library. 14.Come here, Mike. We need to______  . 15.To ______ you the truth, I don't remember anything. 16.What did Eric______when he saw the new bike? 17.He's always ____ behind people's backs. 18.There's a serious problem- I think we should __ __. 19.We ___ _ things over and everything's OK between us now. 二十六、wear、put on、in、dress的区别及用法。 1.put on主要用于描述穿上衣服、鞋子、眼镜或首饰的动作 2.wear适用于描述某人穿着衣服、鞋子、首饰、眼睛等的状态 3.in作为介词使用，强调穿着某种颜色或样式的衣服,强调状态 4.dress通常用于给某人穿衣服的动作，也可以用于描述自己穿衣服的动作 【活学活用】 一、用 wear/ put on/ dress 的适当形式填空。 1) The poor boy always_______his old coat last year. 2) After_______the clothes, the man disappeared into the dark. 3) My little sister often________herself. 4) I need some_______when I have noodles. 二、单项选择 1. It rains outside, so please______ your coat and take the umbrella with you.     A. wear                    B. put on                   C. dress 2. During the Christmas, parents usually______as Santa Claus(圣诞老人) to give their children presents(礼物).     A. dress              B. wear                  C. dress up 3. —Who is your English teacher? —The man over there______black.     A. in                          B. wearing                    C. both A and B 4.The girl doesn’t like ______the red blouse. She ____________a blue one today.  A.put on; wear   B.wear; put on    C.wearing; is in     D. putting on; puts on 5.Mother ____________her coat and goes out.  A.dresses    B.wears     C.puts on     D.in 6.Please______a sweater before you go out. It’s very cold. A. wear   B.wearing    C.put on   D.puts on 7.I don’t know how _________Hua Mulan. A. dress up     B. to dress up     C. dress up as    D. to dress up as    8.Sue _____many nice dresses. She ______a different one every day of the week.  A.has, wears   B. has, puts on    C.have, wears   D.has; wear 9.Tom like to _____in the white shirt at his birthday party A. put on   B.dress   C.wear   D. dress up  10.On the first day of the Spring Festival，children can't wait to ______ their new clothes.   A. take on  B. show up C. put on D. dress up 11.You'd better _______ sunglasses when you are under the sun.   A. wear   B. get C. put    D. dress 12.My brother is old enough to dress _______.   A. he   B. his C. him   D. himself 13.—Can you _______ your little brother，Tom？ —Sure.   A. wear    B. put C. dress    D. make 三、综合小练。 1.那个戴眼镜的男孩经常捉弄他的姐姐。 The boy ______glasses often _________________________________his sister.  2.The little girl is ________ pink today，and she looks very lovely. 3.我爷爷看报纸时总是戴着眼镜。 My grandfather always_______ _______when he reads newspapers. 4.Many people like to ______sunglasses in summer. (in, put on, take, wear)  5. Although he is three years old, he can dress ________(him). 6.这个小女孩打扮成了一个老妇人。 The little ___________ an old woman. 7.穿上衣服，派对马上开始了。 _______________. The party is beginning. 二十七、fun一词的词性和用法。 A. 作为名词，不可数 much fun; a lot of fun B. have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心 C. it be great fun to do做某事有很多乐趣 D. 感叹句中，用what,不需要有任何a/an 【活学活用】 1. There ___________(be) a lot of fun in the park yesterday. 2. ___________great fun it was!(What / How) 3. They had fun _______________(swim) last night. 4. It is great fun ______________(stay) in the farm. 二十八、交通方式的用法 A. by /in /on+ 词组是介词词组，千万不能看成动词。比如：she by car home.就是错的 B. by后面直接加交通工具，而当交通工具前有the/ a用in/on C. take a bus to sp.= go to sp. by bus= go to sp. on a bus D. take a car to sp. = go to sp. by car= drive to sp. = go to sp. in a car 【活学活用】 一、用on/ in / by/ take/ walk/ walk to / drive/ ride填空[来源:学科网ZXXK] 1. Did you _________ home or _________home ____car? 2. We will go to the USA ________ sea. 3. They could go to the ____________ bus. 4. Let’s _________ a bus to that place. 5. Do you go there _________air or _______ a car? 6. --- How do you get there? --- __________ the car. 7. Can you ________ the bike/ --- No, I can’t. 8. --- How do you go to the zoo? ---- _________ bus. 9. Can you ________ home? --- Yes, I can go home by car. 10. Let’s go to school ______ foot or _______ the bus. 11. She is ____________(interest) in reading stories. 12. Are they ____________(exciting) about the show? 三、单选。 1. He went there ______, not ______. A. on the car/by car B. on foot/ by car C. in his car/by his foot D. take the car / on the foot 2. —_______ do you go to work every day?    — On a bus.  A. Where   B. When    C. How          D. How long 3. How does your father go to work, ______ a car or _____ foot? A. in; on  B. by; on  C. on; by  D. take; by 4.--- ________ do you go to school every day?  ---- _________________. A. When; By bike B. How; By a bike  C. How; On a bike  D. How; On bike 5. Amy usually _______ after school every day.   A. walks to home  B. walk to home   C. walks home  D. walk home 二十九、实义动词的一般疑问句与特殊疑问句 1.实义动词过去式的一般疑问句结构为： Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did. 否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t. 2.实义动词过去式的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 【活学活用】 一、按要求完成句子。 （1）My father went fishing yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) _______ ______ father ______ fishing yesterday? （2）We flew kites in the park last weekend. (改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答) —_________ you ________ ________ in the park last weekend? —_________, we ________. （3）I caught some fish. (改为一般疑问句)【易错题】 ________ you ________ ________ fish? （4）Helen invited many friends to her birthday party. (改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答) —______ Helen ______ many friends _______ her birthday party? —_______, _______ _______. 二、单项选择。 ( )1._______ you go last night? A. Where did B. Where were C. What did ( )2.What _______ you do there? A. was B. did C. were ( )3.【易错题】—What did you _______ for the party last summer? —I _______ a red dress. A. wore; wear B. wore; wore C. wear; wore ( )4.—Where _______ Sam and Tina go just now? —They _______ to the park. A. do; go B. did; go C. did; went ( )5.—_______ did you do last week? —I watered flowers. A. What B. Where C. When 三十、常见标识的句型结构及提问方式。 1.标识语是提醒大家不要做某事的警示用语，意思是“不准……”“禁止……”或“请勿……”，多用于公共标牌或广告等。 一些常见标识语的句型结构如下： 1. No+动名词. 2. No+名词复数. 3. Don’t+动词原形. 4. Be+形容词./名词./名词短语. 2.询问标识的句型：What does this sign/that sign/it mean? 答语：It means+含义. 【活学活用】 一、根据中文意思补全句子或对话 1. 看那个标识.它的意思是“请勿吸烟”. _____ _______ that ____________. It _____________”NO _________” 2. ---- 这个标识是什么意思？ --- 它的意思是“禁止垂钓”. What ____ this _______ ____? --- _________ ______ “NO ____________” 3. ----这个标识的意思是“禁止溜冰”吗？ --- 不，不是的.它的意思是“请勿奔跑” ---- _______ this sign ________”________ _______”? --- No, __________ __________. It_________”_________ _______”. 4. ---- 那个标识的意思是“小心地滑”吗？—是的. --- ________ ______ _________ ________ “_________ floor”? --- Yes, ______ _______. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (1) “No ________” means we can’t ________ here. (litter) (2) Don’t ________ here. That sign means “No ________”. (smoke) (3) It means “No _________ (swim)”. (4) Please ________ (not) litter here. (5)Be ________ (care)! There’s a tiger over there. (6)—What ________ that sign ________(mean)? —It ________ (mean) you can’t ________ (park) here. (7)What ________ these signs ________ (mean)? 三十一、三个“到达”的区别及用法。 1.reach“到达”,后面直接跟地点 2.get “到达”,和to构成固定搭配,后面跟地点名词 3.arrive“到达”,arrive in后跟表示大地点的名词,arrive at后跟表示小地点的名词 arrive还可单独使用，当后面无具体地点时，或后直接跟时间时，则只能用arrive 【注意】1. 后面加地点名词：reach＋地点名词＝arrive in(at)＝get to＋地点名词 2.后面直接加地点副词： reach＋here (there，home)＝arrive＋here(there，home)＝get＋here (there，home) 【活学活用】 1. Will you ______ the station at ten? A．get to  B．reach to C．arrive　　   D．get 2. What time does the train ______? A．get to　　   B．arrive C．reach　　   D．arrive in 3. 同义句转换 ①Tom gets to school at seven in the morning every day. =Tom ______ ______ school at seven in the morning every day. =Tom ______ school at seven in the morning every day. ②They reached there on a rainy afternoon.=They ______ there on a rainy afternoon.  4. 用get to/ arrive in/arrive at/ reach填空 1) —When can you            school? —I get to school at seven. 2) They          Beijing yesterday. 3) They                 the bus stop. 4) We          home at six. 5. ---When will the train ___ _Kunming?  ---Well, in two hours.      A. reach in          B. reach to         C. got to          D. arrive in 6. My parents are          my home in three days.           A. reaching to             B. arriving in          C. getting to      7. How does she           Shanghai? A. reaches B. arrive at C. get to D. gets 8. —How do you ______ school every day? —By bike. A．get       B．reach in       C．arrive in       D．get to 9. Could you tell us how we can ________ there? A. arrive in B. arrive at C. get to D. get 10. The professor reached Nanjing last Wednesday. He ________ there for 10 days.     A. has been    B. has got        C. has reached       D. has arrived  11. When he _______ school, he saw his classmates playing volleyball. A. arrived    B. got to   C. reach  12. —When will the plane _____ Shanghai?   —Sorry, I don’t know. A. get      B. arrive at     C. reach 13. —When will Mr. Green        Beijing? —In a week. A. reach    B. get    C. arrive    D. come  14. 将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当的形式。 On weekdays, we must         school before 7:30 in the morning. (到达)     15. —When did you ______ there? —At 9:00 last night. A．get to    B．arrive in C．reach    D．arrive at  三十二、What happened? “What happened?”是用来询问发生了什么事情的常用语，还可以用“What’s the matter?”来询问。 同义句转换。 What happened, Liu Tao=What’s ________ ________ _________ you, Liu Tao? 三十三“keep+复合宾语”的用法 keep表示“保持”，后面可以接复合宾语。 keep +sb./sth.+形容词，意指“保持某人或某物的某种状态”。 根据中文提示补全句子。 (1)我们能做些什么来保持我们的教室干净？ ________ ________ we do to ________ our classroom _______? (2)请保持窗户开着。 Please ________ the window _______. 三十四“make+复合宾语”的用法 make表示“使……变得”时，后面常接复合宾语。 make +sb./sth.+形容词，意指“使…变得……”。 单项选择。 ( )(1) Smoke from cars ________ the air ________. 【易错题】 A. make; clean B. makes; dirty C. making; dirty ( )(2) —What ________ the park dirty? —Rubbish makes ________ dirty. A. makes; it B. make; them C. makes; them 三十五、use…to 这个短语的意思是“使用……(做)……”时，to后面常接动词原形。 【例题】We can use wood _________ (make) tables and chairs. 三十六、祈使句 用单词的适当形式填空 1. _______(not be) sad. We will have a good time. 2. Bobby, ____________(open) the window. It’s too hot here. 3. Be ____________(care)! 4. No _____________(talk)in the library. 5. Let her ______________(go) first. 6. Let me ___________(not stay) here. I’m afraid. 7. ____________(Not read) in bed. It’s bad for your eyes. 8. ___________(Not run) in the street. It’s dangerous. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$