Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Using language 动名词(短语)作主语 语法串烧 我的发现 　　Playing basketball① has been John's dream since his early age. It is fun playing② with his companions.However, it is no good sharpening③ his skills. To become more competitive，joining the national basketball club④ is a good choice. Unfortunately, it was hard for John to persuade the club to accept him without any certificate to show that he was qualified. John was in low spirit and wandered in front of the gate of the club. Then his teacher's coming⑤ brought him much hope. He finally realized his dream. ①④为动名词短语作主语； ②③中it作形式主语，动名词为真正的主语； ⑤是动名词的复合结构作主语。 一、动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验，谓语动词用单数。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 二、动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况： 1．直接位于句首作主语。 Swimming is a good sport in summer. 在夏天游泳是好的运动。 2．用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾。 学生用书第78页 常见的动名词(短语)作主语的句型： It's no good doing sth.做某事是没有好处的。 It's no use doing sth.做某事是没有用处的。 It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间。 常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：nice，better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useful，useless，worthwhile等。 It is no good spending too much time on the Internet. 在网上花太多时间是没有好处的。 【温馨提示】　important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。 3．在There is no结构中，通常用动词-ing形式，意为“不可能，没有”，相当于It is impossible to do... There is no joking about such a matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There was no knowing when he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。 4．动名词的复合结构作主语。 动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语，其构成形式有： ①形容词性物主代词＋动名词； ②名词所有格＋动名词； ③宾格代词＋动名词； ④名词＋动名词。 动名词的复合结构作主语时，通常用“形容词性物主代词＋动名词”或“名词所有格＋动名词”形式。 His being late for the class again made his teacher angry. 他上课又一次迟到使他的老师很生气。 [巧学活用1]——用所给动词的正确形式填空 1．Walking (walk) every day does good to your health. 2．It's a waste of time playing (play) video games every day. 3．Watching (watch) too much TV does harm to our eyes. 4．Planning so far ahead makes (make) no sense－so many things will have changed by next year. 三、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示一般的、泛指的或抽象的动作，强调的是事情本身。而不定式多用来表示具体的某一次行为或将来的动作，强调的是动作本身，不过有时二者之间区别很小。 Collecting stamps can enlarge one's knowledge. 集邮可以扩大知识面。 To visit China is my next goal. 去中国旅游是我的下一个目标。 [巧学活用2]——补全句子 1．Staying_up_late(熬夜) is bad for our health. 2．To_clean_the_window(清洁窗户)is your today's duty. 学生用书第79页 课时测评9　Section Ⅳ　Using language (时间：45分钟　满分：77分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．It is very important for us to_focus(focus) on our lessons. 2．Listening(listen) to soft music will make you relaxed. 3．Her losing(lose) her new bike really made her mother very angry. 4．To_finish(finish) this job in one day is impossible. 5．It is necessary for us to_form(form) a good habit when we're young. 6．There is no denying(deny) that China will protect its own interests. 7．Working with so selfish a person is(be) a terrible thing. 8．Playing(play) with such lovely children is very interesting. 9．Taking(take) apart the old toys is the boy's habit. 10．It is important for the man to_obtain(obtain) a lot of knowledge. 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．暴露在阳光下太久对你的皮肤有害。 Being_exposed_to_the_sun_too_long_does harm to your skin. 2．在电脑前面久坐是没有好处的。 It_is_no_good_sitting in front of a computer for a long time. 3．一位母亲担心她所有的孩子是很正常的事情。 It is natural for a mother_to_worry_about_all_her_children． 4．早晨大声朗读英文对你有很大的好处。 Reading_English_aloud_in_the_morning will do you a lot of good. 5．不可否认，咖啡不一定适合每个人。 There_is_no_denying_that coffee is not suitable for everyone. 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题2分，共12分) 阅读下面新情景，用所给动词的正确形式填空。 Li Hua is addicted to searching information on the Internet. His mother is worried about his health and advises him to surf the Internet properly, but it is no use 1.persuading(persuade) him because he won't listen. This is what his job requires. His mother wants him to change his job, but he likes it and enjoys it. 2.Staying(stay) up late has become his habit. There is no way, or otherwise he will not finish the task assigned by the leader. In my opinion, it is no good 3.living (live) so busy a life. 4.Working( work) hard is one thing and 5.having(have) a good rest is another.There is no 6.denying (deny)that we should form a good habit. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2024·广东省深圳市高二上期中) Not having done physical exercise for some time, I found myself a little low-spirited and couldn't study efficiently, so I decided to do some running the next day. At 6：15 the next morning, my alarm clock rang. Unwilling to rise from my bed, I turned it off and went back to sleep. However, 5 minutes later, I struggled to get up. After washing and brushing, I had my sneakers on and went out. Wow! The air was so fresh that I couldn't help breathing it deeply. I stretched (伸展) my arms and legs, and then started to run. I found all things around me were so attractive. Look, the branches were waving, as if they were welcoming me; the blossoming flowers were bowing, with shyness, just like girls. Listen, the wind was whispering, as if to say “come on, girl”. What's more interesting was those two birds, perching in the tree. They were scared and flew away when I passed them. “Hey, chaps, relax.” I shouted without stopping running. “Let's enjoy the beautiful morning together！” Then miracle (奇迹) happened. The two little creatures seemed to understand what I said. They turned back and twittered (吱吱叫) around me. “Are you singing for me？” I asked. They twittered again and again, sounded like “Yes”. I was delighted to hear that. Ah, what a wonderful morning and how beautiful life is! Actually, there are a lot of charming things around us. Helen Keller wrote in her famous article Three Days to See, “The_seeing_see_little”. Indeed, many of us ignore (忽视) the beauty around us, just because we are familiar with them. They always complain that life is boring. But, I just want to say, if you live each day with appreciation of things around, you'll find life is very charming. So, let's enjoy life from now on. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者自己因为长时间没有体育锻炼感到自己没有精神，学习效率降低，在第二天的锻炼中发现很多美好的事情，发现生活的美好。 1．According to the passage, why did the writer go running? A．To make herself more active. B．To see the beauty of nature. C．To talk with birds. D．To breathe fresh air. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，作者跑步的目的是让自己更活跃。故选A项。 2．What can we learn from the passage? A．The writer hated the singing of the two birds. B．The writer rose immediately after the clock went off. C．The writer did some warm up exercises before running. D．The writer felt tired after doing some running in the morning. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I stretched (伸展) my arms and legs, and then started to run. ”可知，作者在跑步前做了一些热身运动。故选C项。 3．What does the underlined sentence “The seeing see little” in the last paragraph mean? A．People who can see rarely find the beauty of nature. B．Those who can see enjoy nature very much. C．People who go outside can see more. D．Those who go out only see little things. 答案：A 解析：句意理解题。根据最后一段提到“Indeed, many of us ignore (忽视) the beauty around us, just because we are familiar with them. ”可知，看的见的人很难发现大自然的美。故选A项。 4．What's the purpose of the writer in writing this passage? A．To tell us that the nature is very beautiful. B．To tell us that fresh air is beneficial. C．To tell us that physical exercise is useless. D．To tell us that we should appreciate the beautiful things in life. 答案：D 解析：写作目的题。本文讲述作者自己因为长时间没有体育锻炼感到自己没有精神，学习效率降低，在第二天的锻炼中发现很多美好的事情，发现生活的美好。所以本文的写作目的是“我们应该欣赏生活中美好的事物”。故选D项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·江西省景德镇市高二上期中) You might say I found marathoning, step by step. Or perhaps it found me. I was __1__ an athlete growing up. In fact, I have a hard time __2__ that term to myself even today. It started when I joined a group of women in my neighborhood for a daily three-mile walk. At first it was __3__. But soon, my body adjusted and I wanted __4__. Before long, I was running 5 miles. Then I set a goal to run a half marathon. And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon. I thought, “Now what？” I started to __5__ a marathon. It so happened that I __6__ a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach, Rick Muhr, and was so __7__ by his words. I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon, just a week away, and that I really didn't believe I could __8__. Rick locked eyes with me and said, “Trish, you've done enough training. You'll finish！” I never had someone __9__ me like that, let alone a real, live coach. He gave me the __10__ I needed. I set out to run my __11__ marathon and completed it in 4：25：00. Little did I know that this would be the beginning of nearly a decade of marathon and distance running. Running a marathon isn't for everybody. But it is for anybody, anybody who wants to __12__ the unreachable and to take that __13__ into the rest of their life. When you cross the finish line you may never have a __14__ picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing. Your __15__ of the world and, more importantly, of yourself will forever be changed! 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者喜欢上马拉松的过程和这项运动的意义。 1．A.always　　　　　　 B．rarely C．never D．nearly 答案：C 解析：根据上文“You might say I found marathoning, step by step.”和下文“It started when I joined a group of women in my neighborhood for a daily three-mile walk.”可推知，作者成年后才接触马拉松，所以在之前的成长过程中，她并不喜欢运动，不算运动员。故选C项。 2．A.pointing B．applying C．turning D．spreading 答案：B 解析：根据下文“that term to myself”可推知，作者觉得很难把“运动员”这一专有名词用在自己身上，apply sth to sb是固定短语，意为“把……运用于……”。故选B项。 3．A.hard B．relaxing C．unfamiliar D．exciting 答案：A 解析：根据下文“But soon, my body adjusted”可知，一开始作者的身体没有适应，所以会觉得很难。故选A项。 4．A.some B．both C．more D．none 答案：C 解析：根据上文“a daily three-mile walk”和下文“Before long, I was running 5 miles.”可知，作者由一开始的步行3英里转变到跑步5英里，说明在身体适应后，作者想要进行更多运动。故选C项。 5．A.report B．record C．recall D．consider 答案：D 解析：根据上文“Now what？”可推知，作者在完成了半程马拉松后开始寻找下一个目标，开始考虑全程的马拉松比赛。故选D项。 6．A.held B．missed C．attended D．mentioned 答案：C 解析：根据下文“a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach”可知，作者参加了一个会议，听了演讲。故选C项。 7．A.inspired B．disturbed C．embarrassed D．amused 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon, just a week away, and that I really didn't believe I could ______．”可推知，作者深受教练Rick Muhr的话的鼓舞，所有才想和他分享自己的担忧，希望得到鼓励。故选A项。 8．A.participate B．finish C．win D．run 答案：B 解析：根据下文教练Rick Muhr鼓舞的话“Trish, you've done enough training. You'll finish！”可推知，作者怕自己无法完成马拉松比赛。故选B项。 9．A.agree with B．rely on C．care for D．believe in 答案：D 解析：根据上文教练Rick Muhr的话“Trish, you've done enough training. You'll finish！”可知，教练表达了对作者的信任。故选D项。 10．A.confidence B．pleasure C．satisfaction D．motivation 答案：A 解析：根据上文“I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon, just a week away, and that I really didn't believe I could ______．”可知，作者对完成马拉松没有信心，所以教练Rick Muhr的鼓励给了她信心。故选A项。 11．A.last B．first C．only D．second 答案：B 解析：根据上文“And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon. I thought, “Now what？” I started to______ a marathon.”可知，这是作者第一次跑全程马拉松。故选B项。 12．A.test B．identify C．imagine D．reach 答案：D 解析：根据上文作者的经历可知，参加马拉松不是件容易的事情，结合句中“the unreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点。故选D项。 13．A.knowledge B．request C．principle D．experience 答案：D 解析：作者讲完成马拉松相当于到达不可企及的高点，这是一种经历，一种可以铭记余生的经历。故选D项。 14．A.bigger B．brighter C．clearer D．nicer 答案：C 解析：根据上文“who wants to______ the unreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点，结合句中“picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing”可推知，当冲过终点线时，你就突破了自己，会对自己有最清晰的认识。故选C项。 15．A.view B．love C．description D．memory 答案：A 解析：根据上文“When you cross the finish line you may never have a ______ picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing.”可知，冲过马拉松的终点意味着突破极限，会对自己有最清晰的认识，所以对世界和自己的看法将永远改变。故选A项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) It might be surprising to know that ice-skating has appeared in the ancient times.Believe it or not，it 1.________ (be) once a warriors' (战士的) art with ice skates.The sport was then called bingxi，and it was practiced because Manchu men needed to master the skill of moving 350 kilometers in a single day 2.________ (reach) their enemies. When the Manchu men moved from the north to the capital city of Beijing and 3.________ (co me) to power in the Qing Dynasty，ice-skating became 4.________ traditional sport.Every winter，there were 200 proficient ice-skaters 5.________ (select) to perform on the frozen royal lake. Ice-skaters during those times wore knee pads，and they secured their shoes with leather.Their shoes 6.________ (fit) with single iron blades for speed，and double blades for security.There were also 7.________ (compete) for figure skating，ice acrobatics (杂技)，and speed skating 8.________ were held for the benefit of the royal family. China being one of the oldest and longest 9.________ (last) civilizations in the history of the world，the ancient Chinese were also involved 10.________ different sports.And most of their popular sports are still being played up to the present time. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了滑冰运动在中国古代的历史。 1．答案：was 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语是单数，故填was。 2．答案：to reach 解析：考查非谓语动词。“到达敌人面前”是“一天内滑行350公里”的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to reach。 3．答案：came 解析：考查动词的时态。句中含有连词and，故该空使用谓语动词；有时间状语in the Qing Dynasty可知应该使用一般过去时，故填came。 4．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指一项运动，且traditional发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词，故填a。 5．答案：selected 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处使用非谓语动词作后置定语，ice-skaters与select之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表示被动，故填selected。 6．答案：were fitted 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。短语be fitted with意为“配备有”，陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语是复数，故填were fitted。 7．答案：competitions 解析：考查词性转换。根据句意，举办的是“比赛”，且为复数意义，用可数名词复数作主语，故填competitions。 8．答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句。关系词指代先行词competitions，指物，并在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。 9．答案：lasting 解析：考查词性转换。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词civilizations，形容词lasting意为“持久的”，符合句意，故填lasting。 10．答案：in 解析：考查介词。短语be involved in意为“参与”，故填in。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$