Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Using language & Developing ideas-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas Step One: Pre-reading What do you think of these sentences? They_are_humorous. Step Two: While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the passage mainly about? A．Mark Twain.　　　　　 B．Lin Yutang. C．Medieval writings. D．Humour. 答案：D Ⅱ.Read for the structure Fill in the following blanks with proper words according to the passage. Introduction Humour is an 1.essential part of human behaviour, and ancient 2.authors understood it. Famous persons Mark Twain，whose 3.writing_style is funny and often mischievous，is remembered for his ability 4.to_combine humour with more serious messages. Lin Yutang，whose quick wit helped make him famous as 5.a_master_of humour, was famous for his unique 6.brand_of_humour． Conclusion Humour is a way of life and a tool that can be used to 7.illuminate the world. Ⅲ.Read for details 1．Why is Mark Twain so special? A．Because his style of writing is funny. B．Because his writings are mischievous. C．Because he is able to mix humour with more serious messages. D．Because he can't be recognized in public. 2．Which of the following can be true of Lin Yutang? A．He was creative and quick-witted. B．He was able to talk with animals. C．He borrowed many words from Ancient Chinese. D．He was respected by Mark Twain. 3．What's the aim of telling the story of a cruel Roman emperor? A．To show off his talent of telling jokes. B．To make others embarrassed. C．To tell others the fact that animals are wise. D. To teach the president a lesson. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Humour is very important in our daily life. B．Lin Yutang thought poorly of humour. C．Mark Twain thought highly of humour. D．Humour can make our life and work harder. 答案：1－4：CADA Step Three: Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him 时间状语从句 that if_he_wanted_to_go_to_the_event he would have 条件状语从句 to stand, as_there_were_no_seats_left_in_the_theatre． 原因状语从句 尝试翻译　当马克·吐温说没有，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里已经没有座位了。 学生用书第12页 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　Closer to modern times, someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American writer, Mark Twain. (人物介绍开头部分) 到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。 学后仿写　提到丝绸之路，我首先想到的是最有影响力的丝绸之路探险家之一的张骞。 When_it_comes_to_the_Silk_Road，Zhang Qian，one of the most influential explorers of the Silk Road，will_come_to_my_mind． 2．教材佳句　The tiger looked shocked and hurried away.(心理＋动作描写) 老虎看起来很震惊，急忙跑开了。 学后仿写　迈克吓呆了，害怕得一动不动。 Mike froze with terror，too_scared_to_move_an_inch． Ⅲ.品质升华 What other functions of humor can you think of ？(Creative Thinking 创造性思维) Break_tension:_Humor_can_break_the_ice_in_uncomfortable_situations，fostering_a_more relaxed_atmosphere.Enhance_influence:_Humor_can_be_used_to_captivate_audiences，and_grab their_attention. ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①behaviour n．行为，举止 human behaviour人类行为 ②medieval/ˌmediˈiːv(ə)l/ adj.中世纪的，中古时期的 ③be filled with...＝be full of...充满…… ④throw light on使(问题等)较容易理解 ⑤emotive/IˈməʊtIv/ adj.使情绪激动的 emotion n．情感，情绪 emotionless adj.没有感情的，冷漠的 ⑥issue n．问题；(杂志或报刊的)期 v．公布；出版 ⑦be remembered for...因为……而被铭记 ⑧combine...with...把……与……结合起来 ⑨mischievous/ˈmIstʃIvəs/ adj.调皮的，淘气的 ⑩classic adj.经典的 n．经典作品 classical adj.古典的 ⑪cross out划掉，删掉(错字) ⑫remark/rIˈmɑːk/ n．言论；意见，评论 make remarks about sth＝remark on sth就某事发表评论 ⑬interaction/ˌIntərˈækʃ(ə)n/ n．交流 interact/ˌIntərˈækt/ v．交流，沟通，合作；相互影响，相互作用 interact with sb/sth与某人沟通；与某物相互作用 ⑭barber/ˈbɑːbə/ n．男理发师 a barber's shop 理发店 ⑮shave/ʃeIv/ n．刮脸，刮胡子 have/get a shave刮脸 ⑯recognise v．认出；承认；(正式)认可 recognise...as...承认/认可……是…… ⑰event n．(尤指)重要事情，大事；社交场合，公开活动 ⑱response n．(口头的或书面的)回答，答复；反应，响应 respond v．回答；作出反应 make a response to ＝respond to对……作出反应/回复 ⑲just one's luck(对自己的遭遇并不惊讶)常不走运，就这运气 ⑳fellow/ˈfeləʊ/ n．男人，家伙 ㉑lecture熟词生义v.(尤指在大学里)开讲座，讲授，讲课 ㉒brand/brænd/ n．品牌，牌子 one's unique brand of humour某人独具一格的幽默 ㉓bilingual/ˌbaIˈlIɡwəl/ adj.双语的 bilingual dictionaries双语词典 ㉔concept/ˈkɒnsept/ n．概念，观念 the concept of... ……的概念 ㉕master n．能手，擅长……者 a master of humour幽默大师 ㉖spot/spɒt/ n．地点，处所 put sb on the spot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪 tourist spots旅游景点 ㉗think on one's feet思维敏捷，反应迅速 ㉘cruel/ˈkruːəl/ adj.残忍的 cruelty/ˈkruːəlti/ n．(尤指蓄意的)残酷，残忍，残暴；[pl.]残暴的行为 ㉙whisper/ˈwIspə/ v．悄声说，低语 ㉚hurry away匆匆离去 ㉛astonished adj.感到惊讶的 astonish v．使吃惊 astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonishment n．惊讶 ㉜roar/rɔː/ v．哄笑，大笑 roar with laughter放声大笑 ㉝gently/ˈdʒentli/ adv.温和地；轻柔地 gentle adj.温柔的；温和的 ㉞tell off斥责，责骂 ㉟illuminate/IˈluːmIneIt/ v．照亮，照明 illumination n．照明，光源；启示，阐明 ㊱equation/IˈkweIʒ(ə)n/ n．等式，方程式 ㊲wisdom n．智慧，才智 ㊳complicated/ˈkɒmplIkeItId/ adj.难处理的；难懂的 ㊴in the words of... 用……的话说 ◎……………………………………………………………………………………… The Importance of Humour 1Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour① for thousands of years.There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece，and medieval②writings are filled with③ jokes.While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on④ sensitive or emotive⑤issues⑥.[1] [1]While引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”；在该状语从句中又包含一个as引导的比较状语从句；that humour...issues为that引导的宾语从句，其中not only...but also...连接并列谓语。 2Closer to modern times，someone who is remembered for⑦ his ability to combine humour with⑧ more serious messages is American writer，Mark Twain.Twain's particular style of writing is funny and often mischievous⑨.For example，in his classic⑩ novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer，he famously says，“Writing is easy.All you have to do is cross out⑪ the wrong words.”[2]But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑫in his everyday interactions⑬ with people.For instance，while on a lecturing tour of the United States，[3]Twain went into a barber's⑭ shop to get a haircut and a shave⑮.The barber，not recognising⑯ him，[4]asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.When 学生用书第13页 Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event⑰ he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre.[5]Twain's response⑱ was，“That's just my luck⑲.I always have to stand when that fellow⑳lectures㉑！” [2]该句中不定代词All作主语；“you have to do”是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词All。由于修饰主语的定语从句中含有实义动词do，所以作表语的动词不定式to cross out可省略不定式符号to。 [3]此处是“连词＋介词短语”结构，可看作是时间状语从句while he was on a lecturing tour of the United States的省略形式。while在此意为“在……期间”。 [4]动词-ing形式短语not recognising him作后置定语，修饰The barber。 [5]本句结构分析如下：that引导的宾语从句，作动词told的直接宾语；When引导时间状语从句；if引导条件状语从句；as引导原因状语从句。 3Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，Lin Yutang was soon to become famous for his unique brand㉒ of humour．[6]A well-known bilingual㉓ writer，Lin brought the concept㉔of humour to modern Chinese literature.In 1924，he creatively borrowed“youmo” from Ancient Chinese as the translation for the English word “humour”．“Youmo” is still being used in this way today. [6]动词不定式短语“to become...humour”作表语，构成“be to do”结构，表示注定要发生的事情。 4Lin's quick wit helped make him famous as a master㉕of humour.Once，having been invited to dinner at a university，[7]he was put on the spot㉖ when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.Thinking on his feet㉗，[8]Lin started to tell a story about a cruel㉘Roman emperor who tried to feed a man to wild animals.First came a lion.[9]The man whispered㉙ something in the lion's ear, after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily．[10]Then along came a tiger.Again，the man whispered in the tiger's ear.The tiger 学生用书第14页 looked shocked and hurried away㉚.“What did you say to my animals？”said the emperor，astonished㉛.[11]“I told them they had to make a speech after eating me for dinner.” Lin's audience roared㉜ with laughter.With this little joke，Lin was able to make people laugh，while gently㉝telling off㉞ the president．[12] [7]动词-ing形式短语“having been invited...university”作时间状语，表示被邀请吃晚饭的动作发生在被邀请作演讲之前。 [8]动词-ing形式短语“Thinking on his feet”在此作状语。 [9]“First came a lion”和后文中的“Then along came a tiger”都是全部倒装句。 [10]此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。 [11]形容词astonished在此作伴随状语，表示主语the emperor的状态。 [12]此处是“连词＋动词-ing形式”结构，可看作是时间状语从句while he was gently telling off the president的省略形式。while在此意为“与……同时”。 5Both Twain and Lin understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate㉟ the world.Lin even created an equation㊱to explain this concept：Reality＋Dreams ＋Humour＝Wisdom㊲.Living and working with others[13]can sometimes be complicated㊳，and humour makes this easier.Sharing jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together.Indeed，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air.In the words of㊴Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”． [13]此处是动词-ing形式短语作主语。 ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ 幽默的重要性 几千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文稿中就有喜剧，中世纪的作品中也充满了笑话。虽然这些同样的笑话现在对我们来说可能不像当时那么有趣，但它们的作者知道幽默不仅可以娱乐，还可以为敏感或情感问题提供新的视角。 近现代时期，有一个人能将幽默和更严肃的信息相结合并因此为人们所铭记，这个人就是美国作家马克·吐温。马克·吐温独特的写作风格有趣而诙谐。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》中，他有句名言：“写作很容易。你所要做的就是删去错误的单词。”但他也因日常人际交往中的风趣言辞而闻名。例如，在一次美国巡回演讲时，马 学生用书第15页 克·吐温到一家理发店理发和刮胡子。理发师不认识他，问他有没有讲座的票。当马克·吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去参加这个活动，他就得站着，因为剧院里已经没有余座了。马克·吐温回答道：“我总是这样倒霉。当那个家伙开讲座时，我总是站着！” 在世界的另一边，像马克·吐温一样，林语堂将很快因其独具一格的幽默而出名。作为一名著名的双语作家，林语堂将幽默的概念引入现代中国文学。1924年，他创造性地从古代汉语中借“幽默”一词作为英语单词“humour”的翻译。现在人们仍然这样使用“幽默”。 林语堂的才思敏捷助他成了有名的幽默大师。有一次，他应邀到一所大学吃晚饭，校长突然发难，请他作一个演讲。思维敏捷的林语堂开始讲述一个残忍的罗马皇帝试图将一个人喂给野生动物的故事。首先来的是一头狮子。那人对狮子耳语了几句，之后，这头狮子摇了摇头便不高兴地走开了。接着来了一只老虎。那人又对老虎耳语了几句。老虎看起来很震惊，赶紧走开了。“你对我的动物说了什么？”皇帝惊讶地说。“我告诉它们晚饭吃了我之后，它们得做个演讲。”林语堂的听众放声大笑。林语堂用这个小笑话让人们开怀大笑，同时也委婉地责怪了那位校长。 马克·吐温和林语堂都明白幽默不仅仅是笑，而是一种生活方式和一种可以用来照亮世界的工具。林语堂甚至创造了一个等式来解释这个概念：现实＋梦想＋幽默＝智慧。与他人一起生活和工作有时会很难，而幽默使其变得更容易。分享笑话并一起欢笑可以把个人甚至团体团结起来。事实上，有些人可能论证说，我们对幽默的需求几乎与对水和空气的需求一样重要。用马克·吐温的话说就是：“幽默是人类最大的福祉”。 ◎核心单词——练通 1．deserve careful consideration　 值得认真考虑 2．achieve fame 获得名声 3．a brand of smartphone 智能手机品牌 4．the concept of humour 幽默的概念 5．whisper to their mother 跟他们的母亲小声说 6．roar angrily 愤怒地咆哮 7．complicated problems 复杂的问题 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的→essentially adv. 本质上，基本上 2．impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象→impression n．印象；感想→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的 3．remark n．言论；意见，评论→remarkable adj.非凡的，显著的，引人注目的 4．interaction n．交流→interact v．互相影响，互相作用 5．spot n. 地点，处所→spotted adj. 有斑点的 6．cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n．残酷 7．gently adv. 温和地；轻柔地→gentle adj.温和的 8．conclude v．结束，终止→conclusion n．结论 9．composer n. 作曲家→compose v．作曲 1．规律：形容词＋词缀-ly变相应副词 示例：possible adj. 可能的→possibly adv. 可能，或许 comfortable adj. 舒适的，舒服的→comfortably adv. 舒服地，舒适地 2．规律：动词＋词缀-able变相应形容词 示例：adapt v. 适应→adaptable adj. 有适应能力的 comfort n. 舒适 v. 安慰→comfortable adj. 舒适的，舒服的　　 学生用书第16页 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．grin with delight　　　　　 高兴得咧着嘴笑 2．have a high reputation as a linguist 作为语言学家享有盛誉 3．witty remarks 妙趣横生的言论 4．medieval architecture 中世纪的建筑 5．a highly emotive issue 极易使情绪激动的问题 6．a mischievous boy 一个淘气的男孩 7．ask the barber for a trim 叫男理发师把头发修剪一下 8．to get a shave 去刮胡子 9．a fine fellow 好小伙 10．a mathematical equation 一个数学方程式 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．fall_behind　　　　　 不能按时完成(工作) 2．make_sense 讲得通，有意义 3．put_up 搭起；张贴 4．in_particular 尤其，特别 5．due_to 因为 6．cross_out 删掉 第二组　英译汉 7．throw light on 使……明白 8．long face 愁眉苦脸 9．laughing stock 笑料，笑柄 10．tell off 斥责，责骂 11．brand of humour 某种类型的幽默 12．put sb on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪 13．think on one's feet 思维敏捷，反应迅速 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式　省略to的动词不定式作表语 教材原句　All you have to do is cross_out_the_wrong_words． 你所要做的就是删去错误的单词。 2．句型公式　having been done...作状语 教材原句　Once, having_been_invited_to_dinner at a university，he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech. 有一次，他应邀到一所大学吃晚饭，校长突然发难，请他作一个演讲。 3．句型公式　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句 教材原句　The man whispered something in the lion's ear，after_which_the_lion_shook_its head_and_walked_away_unhappily． 那人对狮子耳语了几句，之后，这头狮子摇了摇头便不高兴地走开了。 4．句型公式　形容词作状语 教材原句　“What did you say to my animals？” said the emperor，astonished． “你对我的动物说了什么？”皇帝惊讶地说。 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的 (教材原句)Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information? 哪些句子包含一个极其重要信息的从句，哪些包含额外的信息？ be essential to/for... 对……是必要的 It is essential to do sth 做某事是必要的 It is essential that... ……是至关重要的 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①We should be kind to one another，which is essential to_enjoy(enjoy) a harmonious life. ②Exercise and fresh air are essential_to_our health. 学生用书第17页 ③最要紧的是彼此之间能相互了解。 It's_essential_that_both sides understand each other. impress v．使钦佩，使留下深刻印象 (教材原句)Watson is pleased with his answer which he thinks will impress Holmes. 沃森很满意他的回答，他认为这会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。 (1)impress sb with sth　　　　　　 使某人对某事印象深刻 be impressed with/by sth 对……印象深刻 impress sth on/upon sb 使某人铭记…… (2)impression n. 印象；感想 make/leave/give a(n)...impression on sb 给某人留下……的印象 (3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①Jane impressed me with her beautiful voice, so I vote for her. ②My first impression(impress) of him was that he was a kind young man. ③直到现在，我仍然对你有趣而又吸引人的英语课堂印象深刻。 Up to now, I have_been_impressed_with/by your interesting and attractive English classes. deserve v．应得，应受到 (教材原句)We all deserve a second chance，I guess. 我认为我们都应再有一次机会。 deserve to do　　 值得做；应该做 deserve to be done＝deserve doing 值得被做 deserve consideration/attention/praise 值得考虑/注意/表扬 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to_be respected(respect). ②He does deserve to_win (win) the respect from anybody because he does a lot for others. ③在我们眼里，她不仅是我们的老师，也是我们最好的朋友。这就是她值得我们尊敬的原因。 In our eyes, she is not only our teacher, but also our best friend.Those are why she_deserves our_respect． 【温馨提示】　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即可用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的动词还有need，want，require等。 remark n．言论；意见，评论 (教材原句)But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people. 但他也因日常人际交往中的风趣言辞而闻名。 (1)make a remark/remarks on/upon/about　　　　 就……发表意见 (2)remark v. 谈论，评论 remark on/upon sth 评论/谈论某事 remark that... 谈到/说起/评论…… (3)remarkable adj. 非凡的，显著的，引人注目的 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①Tom left the office，remarking(remark)that he had some important work to do. ②I am cautious about what I say because careless remarks (remark)are likely to hurt others' feelings. ③对别人的相貌评头论足是没有礼貌的。 →It's impolite to make_a_remark/remarks_on/upon/about the appearance of others.(remark n．) →It's impolite to remark_on/upon the appearance of others.(remark v．) 学生用书第18页 spot n．地点，处所 (教材原句)Once，having been invited to dinner at a university，he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech. 有一次，他应邀到一所大学吃晚饭，校长突然发难，请他作一个演讲。 (1)spot v．(spotted，spotted，spotting)　 发现；认出；弄脏 spot sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 (2)spotted adj. 有斑点的 be spotted with 点缀着；满是……的斑点 (3)on the spot＝on the scene 当场，到/在现场 put sb on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信/句型转换 ①She had spotted a man pacing(pace) down the hall. ②一些英语教师和外国专家将担任评委。获奖者将当场宣布。 Some English teachers and foreign experts will be the judges.The winners will_be_announced on_the_spot． ③We lay on the grass，and stared at the night sky that was spotted with twinkling stars. →We lay on the grass，staring at the night sky spotted_with_twinkling_stars．(过去分词短语作定语) 【点拨】　spot在定语从句中作先行词时，从句如缺少状语则用where引导，如缺少主语或宾语则用that/which引导。此外spot还有“n.斑点，污点”的意思。 whisper v．悄声说，低语 (教材原句)The man whispered something in the lion's ear，after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily. 那人对狮子耳语了几句，之后，这头狮子摇了摇头便不高兴地走开了。 (1)whisper to sb　　 与某人耳语 whisper sth in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事 It is whispered that... 私下说；秘密告诉…… (2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地；耳语地 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①She whispered to_her father，softly and gently，“Daddy，you know I love you more than the necklace.” ②Shocked and proud, their mother said_in_a whisper, “Thanks, my kids.” ③人们私下说，他正在准备一个惊喜聚会。 →People_whispered that he was preparing a surprise party.(whisper v．) →People_said_in_a_whisper/in_whispers that he was preparing a surprise party.(whisper n．) →It_was_whispered that he was preparing a surprise party.(it作形式主语) conclude v．结束，终止 (教材原句)A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh. 一句妙语结束了一个笑话，意在让人们发笑。 (1)conclude v.　 作出结论；推断出 conclude sth from... 从……中推断出…… conclude sth with/by doing sth 以(做)……结束某事 (2)arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 总之；最后 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①She concluded her speech with a funny story, which made the audience laugh loudly. 学生用书第19页 ②从这件事我们可以得出这样的结论：我们应该珍惜现在的时刻，充实地过好每一天。(读后续写之总结句) →From the incident we come_to/draw/arrive_at/reach_the_conclusion_that_we_should cherish_the_present_moment and live every day to the fullest.(conclusion) →We conclude_from_the_incident_that_we_should_cherish_the_present_moment and live every day to the fullest.(conclude) fall behind 不能按时完成(工作) (教材原句)When a bee starts circling around Charlie's face，he falls behind with his work. 当一只蜜蜂围着查理的脸转来转去时，他的工作被耽误了。 fall in love (with sb)　　　　　 爱上(某人)，相爱 fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃 fall over 被……绊倒；从……上跌落 fall for 上……的当，受……的骗 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①I fell behind in my studies because I went through about four years of being addicted to online games. ②I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall over． ③安妮如此迷人以至于吉米第一次见她就爱上了她。 Annie was so attractive that Jimmy fell_in_love_with her the first time he saw her. 1．一词多义——spot A．v.发现　B．n.斑点；污点　C．n.地点；场所 ①When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes naturally. A ②Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guarantee a good night's sleep. C_ ③Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove. B 2．熟词生义 ①It's unfair to brand all football fans as troublemakers. v._丑化(某人)，败坏(某人)名声 ②The exhibition contains nothing that is worthy of remark. n.引人注目；显耀 ③She put her foot down and the car roared away. v._(车辆或驾驶者)_呼啸而行；开得飞快 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语 (教材原句)“What did you say to my animals？” said the emperor，astonished. “你对我的动物说了什么？”皇帝惊讶地说。 形容词(短语)作状语： (1)说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。 (2)表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。 完成句子 ①很高兴得知你对中国画感兴趣，我写信真诚地邀请你参观我们学校正在举行的展览。(应用文写作之邀请信) Glad/Delighted_to_know_that_you_are_interested_in_Chinese_paintings，I am writing to sincerely invite you to visit the exhibition being hosted in our school. 学生用书第20页 ②既兴奋又感动，他们泪流满面。(读后续写之兴奋) Excited_and_moved，they were in tears. ③害怕找不到我们回农场的路，我坐在树旁，胳膊紧紧地抱着肩膀。(读后续写之恐惧) Afraid_of_not_finding_our_way_to_the_farm，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly. 课时测评2　Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas (时间：45分钟　满分：82分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　品句填词(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Such roles are small beer compared with the fame(名誉) she once enjoyed. 2．Many Chinese brands(品牌)，having developed their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market. 3．Trapped in the dilemma, I still felt confused why things turned out to be that complicated(复杂的), not knowing how to tackle the problem. 4．Her brother was an accomplished linguist(语言学家). 5．The teacher asked the students to make a remark(评论) on this page. 6．I, by contrast, was always slow in understanding the concepts(概念) and functions he raised. 7．It is essential(极其重要的) to raise their awareness of lifelong learning. 8．I think she deserves(应得) this honor and we all should learn from her. 9. When he heard others whispering about his mum's ugly face, embarrassment came over him. 10．The bear rose up and roared at me, baring its enormous teeth. 维度二　词形转换(每小题1分，共7分) 1．The interaction(interact) with the viewers really made the young actor more confident. 2．Long-haired dogs, curly-haired dogs, black dogs and spotted(spot) dogs all jumped up, trying to reach me. 3．It was the most extreme example of cruelty(cruel) to animals I had ever seen. 4．She dipped her finger into the yellow paint and gently(gentle) pressed it onto Gary's painting. 5．Following the successful conclusion(conclude) of the sports meeting is the excitement of collecting prizes. 6．Beethoven was a famous composer_(compose) and he composed a lot of great music. 7．I mustn't leave any bad impression(impress) on his or her mood and life. 维度三　固定搭配和句式(每小题3分，共15分) 1．老实说，这个男孩总是因为不恰当的言论而被训斥。(tell off) To be honest，the boy_is_always_told_off for improper remarks. 2．由于缺乏训练，他在比赛中落后于其他选手。(fall behind) Due to lack of training，he fell_behind_other_competitors in the competition. 3．我不明白你为什么让那个男孩陷入尴尬境地。(put sb on the spot) I don't understand why you have_put_that_boy_on_the_spot． 4．这个旨在引起人们关注环境保护的活动提升了我们关爱大自然的意识。(the＋名词＋of＋关系代词) The activity，the_aim_of_which_is_to_draw_people's_attention_to_environmental_protection，raises our awareness of caring about nature. 5．在那时，我既沮丧又失望，不知道如何改变这种糟糕的情况。(形容词短语作状语) At that time，depressed_and_disappointed，I didn't know how to change the terrible situation. 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Humour has been an essential part of human 1.behaviour(behave) for thousands of years. Medieval writings are filled with jokes, which might not be as funny to us now as they were then. But their authors 2.understood(understand) that humour could not only entertain, but also throw new light 3.on sensitive or emotive issues. Of all the writers in modern times, the 4.most_typical(typical) humorists are Mark Twain and Lin Yutang. The former is an American writer, 5.who is famous for his particular style of writing—funny and often mischievous, while the latter, a bilingual writer, is well-known for his unique brand of humour. Lin 6.creatively(creative) borrowed “youmo” from Ancient Chinese as the translation for “humour”. Meanwhile, both of them 7.are_remembered(remember) for their witty and humorous 8.remarks(remark)in their everyday interactions with people. Humour plays 9.an_important part in our life. 10.Sharing(share) jokes and laughing together can bring individuals and even communities together. Some people may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for air and water. In the words of Mark Twain，“Humour is mankind's greatest blessing”． [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·福建福州延安中学高二上期中) Cody looked over the sand dunes (沙丘) of North Carolina's Outer Banks, the Atlantic Ocean shining in the distance. The warm ocean wind swept across his face as he held the harness (降落伞背带) of the hang glider(悬挂式滑翔机). He closed his eyes and took a deep breath. “How are you feeling? Ready？” Cody's sister Briana asked him. Cody didn't know how to interact with Briana, who was eight years older than him. But every time Briana visited from college, she followed him to his tennis lessons and took him to climb mountains. But Briana had never taken him to try hang gliding. Cody knew she loved it — she had finally become a certified (持有证书的)instructor last month. So when she offered to take him, Cody jumped at the chance. Now Cody was fixed onto what was just a big kite, standing near the edge of a giant dune. Cody's brain was sounding the alarm. The confidence Cody had felt back at the training facility had all but disappeared. Briana looked over at him knowingly. “Before my first flight, I almost backed out more times than I can count，” she said. “You just have to believe in yourself.” Cody took another deep breath and nodded. “Now start walking toward the edge，” directed Briana. Cody pushed himself forward. “Walk, walk, walk ... now run, run, run, RUN！” Briana coached. Cody ran. He ran right off the edge of the tall dune. He was airborne! What an amazing feeling! Cody gently pushed the bar forward to increase his speed, just as Briana had shown him. Then Cody saw that he was rapidly approaching the ground! He remembered to pull the bar back at the end to slow himself down, but it was too late for a smooth, on-foot landing. Cody landed on his knees, leaving him face down. “Are you okay？” Briana said, pulling Cody upright in his harness. Cody was definitely okay. Smiling from ear to ear, he said, “Let's go again！” He was already looking forward to his future in flight, with his sister by his side. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了姐姐带弟弟科迪尝试滑翔，科迪去了以后感到紧张，最后成功滑翔，对这次经历感到很兴奋。 1．What can we infer about Briana? A．She was too busy to play with Cody. B．She enjoyed being away from home. C．She wanted to be involved in Cody's life. D．She was always ready to take up a new hobby. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“But every time Briana visited from college, she followed him to his tennis lessons and took him to climb mountains.”可知，布里安娜想融入科迪的生活。故选C。 2．How did Cody feel in Paragraph 3? A．Bored.　　　　　 B．Upset. C．Confused. D．Nervous. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Cody's brain was sounding the alarm. The confidence Cody had felt back at the training facility had all but disappeared.”可知，科迪感到紧张。故选D。 3．What do Cody's words in the last paragraph show? A．His hope for another new skill. B．His excitement over the experience. C．His pride in doing better than his sister. D．His regret about failing to land on his feet. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Cody was definitely okay. Smiling from ear to ear, he said, ‘Let's go again！’”可知，最后一段科迪的话说明他对这次经历的兴奋。故选B。 4．What does this story tell us? A．Never underestimate anyone. B．Great speed doesn't necessarily bring success. C．One should spend more time with his family. D．It is worth overcoming fears to try something new. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cody ran. He ran right off the edge of the tall dune. He was airborne! What an amazing feeling！”并结合文章主要讲述了姐姐带弟弟科迪尝试滑翔，科迪去了以后感到紧张，最后成功滑翔，对这次经历感到很兴奋。可知，这个故事告诉我们克服恐惧去尝试新事物是值得的。故选D。 B (2024·广东省番禺中学高二上期中) A broken heart. A sad ending to a love affair. That's something most of us have experienced, or probably will. After all, it's part of human life. But no question, the experience can be hard to get over. But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can arouse (激发，唤醒) the desire (渴望) to connect with others. Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart. A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy (共情), and a desire for positive connection with others. That, itself, is psychologically healing. It draws you away from concentration on yourself, and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort. Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. In fact, it did so when the person first consciously accepted the situation causing their sadness, and then began listening to the sad music. That is, when they intended that the sad music might help, they found that it did. These findings link with other studies that show accepting your sad situation emotionally leads to healing and growth beyond it. It seems unbelievable but it does make sense. For example, research from Cornell University, published in Psychological Science, found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, encourages people to find a pathway through it, beyond it. As Churchill famously said, “If you're going through hell, keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It fuels hope. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了听悲伤音乐能够治愈悲伤的原因。 5．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4? A．Sad music can make people help others. B．Sad music can make sad people feel better. C．Sad music can make people believe in themselves. D．Sad music can make people concentrate on themselves. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，悲伤音乐能帮助人们重新振奋精神；结合第四段第一句可知，实验发现，在人经历悲伤的时候，听悲伤音乐能改善情绪。综上可知，悲伤音乐可以让人们感觉更好。故选B项。 6．What does Churchill advise us to do when experiencing discomfort? A．Listen to a sad song. B．Avoid unwise actions. C．Find support from others. D．Face the discomfort directly. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据尾段中的最后两句可知，丘吉尔认为，如果遭遇困难的时候，要继续前进，这种不适会让你制定计划，开始新的行动，由此可知，丘吉尔是要我们直面困难。故选D项。 7．How does the author develop this text? A．By listing figures. B．By giving directions. C．By comparing examples. D．By presenting research findings. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容和第三段中的“A recent study from...positive connection with others.”第四段中的“Another experiment...improved their mood. ”以及尾段中的“These findings link...but it does make sense.”可知，全文中分别介绍了几项不同的研究，并对这些研究进行了分析，这些研究都证明了听悲伤音乐有助于改善人们的情绪，由此可知，作者是通过介绍研究结果展开的。故选D项。 8．Which is the best title for the text? A．How to Find Pathways through Heartaches B．How We React to a Broken Heart Matters a Lot C．What We Can Do to Overcome Discomfort in Life D．Why Listening to Sad Music Heals Your Broken Heart 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。根据首段内容可知，本文通过陈述生活中的客观情况，引出本文的话题，结合第二段内容可知，心痛的解决途径之一就是听悲伤音乐，进而在下文中列举多个研究发现听悲伤音乐有助于改善人们的情绪，并对这些研究结果进行了分析，由此可知，本文介绍了听悲伤音乐能治愈悲伤的原因，所以本文的标题为“为什么听悲伤音乐能治愈悲伤”与本文内容一致，且概括了本文的主题。故选D项。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·四川省内江市高二上期中) “Look on the bright side” is one of those 1.________(suggestion) that people always consider inspiring but less helpful. However, new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation makes 2.________ easy for people to stop complaining. Besides, looking at a challenge with humor is a good method, 3.________ may even be helpful in preventing anxious people 4.________ feeling sad. In a study published much 5.________(early), researchers gave the participants (参与者) some photos that show negative situations. Then they would describe these photos according to 6.________ request of researchers. Those using humorous words to describe the photos 7.________(find) to have fewer negative (负面的) emotions and more possibilities to go through a hard time in their life than those who described the photos 8.________(direct). So there appear to be no disadvantages to looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness. The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of anxiety, humor can develop an ability 9.________(control) negative emotions. What's more, 10.________(make) others around you smile can be an extra benefit of humor. Therefore, when you feel stressed and couldn't concentrate your mind on what you are doing, find something that can make you laugh first. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从消极的情况中看到积极的一面事实上是有用的，一项研究表明幽默地看待挑战可能有助于防止抑郁的人感到悲伤，也有利于培养控制负面情绪的能力。 1．答案：suggestions 解析：考查名词的单复数。分析句子可知，空处被those修饰，作介词of的宾语，因此应用名词复数形式。故填suggestions。 2．答案：it 解析：考查代词。根据空前的“makes”和空后的“easy for people to stop complaining”可推知，此处用固定句型“make it＋形容词＋for sb to do sth”，意为“让做某事对于某人来说……”，故填it。 3．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指前面的句子，从句中缺少主语，因此应用关系代词which。故填which。 4．答案：from 解析：考查介词。根据空前的“preventing anxious people”和空后的“feeling sad”可知，此处用固定短语prevent sb from doing sth，意为“防止某人做某事”，故填from。 5．答案：earlier 解析：考查副词的比较级。空前的“much”常用于修饰比较级，此处表示相对于当前更早的时间，因此空处应用early的比较级形式。故填earlier。 6．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。结合语境可知，空处表示特指，指来自实验中研究者的特定要求，因此空处应用定冠词。故填the。 7．答案：were found 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，find 和主语Those之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填were found。 8．答案：directly 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词described，应用副词形式。故填directly。 9．答案：to control 解析：考查非谓语动词。名词ability后通常跟不定式作后置定语，表示“……的能力”，因此空处应用control的不定式形式。故填to control。 10．答案：making 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处和空后的others around you smile搭配，作句子的主语，是非谓语动词，且此处介绍的是一件已知的经验，因此应用make的动名词形式。故填making。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$