Unit 2 Success 单元综合提升-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

单元综合提升 ……………………………………………………………◎ 1．career n． 职业，事业 2．symbol n. 象征，标志 3．ruin vt. 毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏 4．element n. 基本部分；要素 5．hire vt. 租用 6．boil vi.&vt. (使)沸腾，煮沸 7．enormous adj. 巨大的，庞大的 8．outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的 9．average adj. 平庸的，普通的 n. 平均水平；平均数 10．normal adj. 正常的，平常的 11．style n. 方式，特点 12．found vt. 创立；创建 13．fashion n. 时尚 14．entrance n. 进入许可；入口 15．income n. 收入；收益, 学生用书第84页 ◎…………………………………………………………… 用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．Fitness has now become an important element in our lives. 2．Here are four types of part-time jobs that provide students with extra income． 3．The entire village has been washed away.Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops ruined． 4．We can hire bikes for a day to explore the town. 5．As we all know，Tsinghua University founded about more than 100 years ago has developed into a world-class university. 6．The doctor suggested that she eat five to ten haws boiled with sugar before each meal. ……………………………………………………………◎ 1．determined adj.坚定的，坚决的→determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determination n．决心 2．committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的→commit vt.&vi.奉献；投入；承诺；犯(错或罪)→commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺 3．ambitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的→ambition n．野心，雄心，抱负 4．appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识→appreciation n．欣赏；感激，感谢 5．cooperation n．合作，协作→cooperate v．合作，协作→cooperative adj.合作的 6．fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 7．guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的→guilt n．内疚；犯罪 8．influential adj.有影响力的→influence n．影响 v．影响；对……起作用 9．devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．奉献；忠诚 10．reject vt.拒绝接受→rejection n．拒绝接受；否决 11．limit vt.&n.限制，限定→limited adj.有限的→limitation n．范围；限制 12．distraction n．使人分心的事物→distract vt.使分心→distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的 学生用书第85页 13．convince vt.说服；使确信→convinced adj.确信的，感到信服的→convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的 14．defensive adj.戒备的，自卫的→defend v．防卫；辩解→defenc(s)e n．防卫；辩解 15．injury n．伤，损害→injure vt.使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的 16．advanced adj.先进的；高级的；晚期的→advance vi.前进；进展 17．reference n．推荐信；谈到，提及→refer vi.谈到；查阅 18．promotion n．提升，晋升→promote vt.促进；提拔；促销 19．academic adj.学术的→academy n．学术→academically adv.学术上，学业上, ◎…………………………………………………………… 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 1．①He was born into a poor family，and only received limited (limit) education in his childhood. ②Owing to the limitation(limit) of our knowledge，there must be mistakes and errors in the book. 2．①Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries(injure)． ②Some unfortunate person passing below could all too easily be seriously injured(injure)． 3．①We have learned a great deal from her devotion(devote)to her work and her willingness to help others. ②50 years on，the couple are still devoted(devote) to one another. 4．①He didn't realize the importance of cooperation(cooperate) until he was elected president of the Students' Union. ②The workmen are very cooperative(cooperate)，so the work goes on smoothly. 5．①Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed to help them succeed academically (academic) and personally. ②Schools award scholarships for high academic (academy)achievement. 6．①Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty.But such commitment(commit) can also weaken a sense of freedom. ②He loved playing this instrument，and was committed to practicing(practice) it. 7．①Fortunately (fortunate)，international societies offered their helping hands shortly after the earthquake. ②Unfortunately (unfortunate)，I won't be able to attend the meeting because of an emergency. 8．①I'm afraid that I can't accept your argument，for you haven't offered enough convincing (convince) evidence. ②I'm not completely convinced(convince)that he has the determination to overcome the difficulty. 9．①She gave him a bright，determined(determine) smile which seemed unnatural. ②He fought the illness with courage and determination(determine)． ……………………………………………………………◎ 1．be committed to 投入 2．come up with 提出 3．drop out 退出，脱离；辍学 4．give away 捐赠，赠送；泄露(秘密) 5．be passionate about 热爱；对……有激情 6．make sense 有意义；解释得通 7．get on 发迹；出人头地 8．apply oneself to sth 努力；专心致志于某事 9．set sb/sth apart 使与众不同 10．boil down to sth 要点是；归结为 11．stay in 待在家里 12．strive for 奋斗，争取 13．participate in 参加 14．pay off 获得回报, ◎…………………………………………………………… 用左栏短语的正确形式填空 1．He wrote a lot in his letter，which can boil down to it that he felt very sorry for his absence. 2．Although I couldn't have a good look at the temple，it did make sense to me. 3．My friend David fell down near the finishing line and injured his right leg.As a consequence，he had to drop out． 4．If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you'll soon finish it. 5．Having a fancy for my major，I will be committed to my study and make the most of my time in university. 6．Last Saturday，my class participated in the labor practice and it was held in our school vegetable base. ……………………………………………………………◎ 1．并列连词while表示对比，意为“而，然而” He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing. 2．“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句 Call it unhealthy if you want，but that is the way I roll，no matter what it is I'm applying myself to. 学生用书第86页 3．by the time引导时间状语从句 By the time Huang moved back to China in 2008，he had been living and working in the UK for 15 years. 4．so...that...引导结果状语从句 The disease was so advanced that he had just a couple of months to live. 5．强调句型 Rowling's first novel was rejected by 12 publishers before it was finally published，yet paradoxically，it was this experience that helped her to succeed... ◎…………………………………………………………… 1．老师正在准备复习测试题，而学生正在为测试做准备。 The teacher is preparing the reviewing quiz，while the students are preparing for it. 2．我们知道无论我们做了什么，他们都会支持我们。 We knew they would stand by us no matter what we'd done． 3．杰克从英国回到家中时，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had graduated from college． 4．我们做得如此好以至于被邀请与学校所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。 We did so well that we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school. 5．正是在您的慷慨帮助下，我坚信我会尽快适应大学生活。 It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. 语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇) Tom，who is of average height，is a teacher who is optimistic，persistent，enthusiastic as well as 1.committed(commit) to his job.When he 2.was(be) a student，he was ambitious and dreamed of becoming an astronaut.However，as he grew up，he was 3.ultimately(ultimate) determined to become a teacher and devote himself to 4.teaching(teach)，because he appreciated his teacher's commitment to the teaching career. Now，he is a volunteer teacher in a small village，5.convincing(convince) more people to have faith in the power of education.Tom has been striving 6.to achieve (achieve)his goal，7.which is influential.Because of his effective teaching style，it is normal for students in the village school to be disciplined and not to drop out of school.All the villagers are 8.appreciative (appreciate) of his devotion for their children's enormous academic progress. With reference 9.to him，we can boil down to the conclusion that Tom is 10.an outstanding and motivating teacher，applying himself to training more useful young people for our country without considering his income.He has contributed to many students' getting on in the future. One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract①from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tu's team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect.They then tried boiling fresh wormwood，and using the liquid obtained② from this to treat malaria，but this did not work either.Their project got stuck.However，Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.She analysed the medical texts again，and by chance③，she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently④ destroyed its medical properties.Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract，she found a substance⑤that worked.After failing more than 190 times，the team finally succeeded in 1971.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.Later，the medicine was tested on malaria patients，most of whom recovered.This medicine，which was called artemisinin，soon became a standard treatment for malaria. 学生用书第87页 According to Tu Youyou，the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，she said，“The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me，and all the people of my country.This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine.It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.” (选自新教材人教选修一Unit 1), [词海拾贝] ①extract n．　　　　提取物；摘录 vt. 提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出 ②obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在；流行 ③by chance 碰巧；意外地 ④apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然 ⑤substance n. 物质；物品；事实根据 [佳句赏析] This medicine，which was called artemisinin，soon became a standard treatment for malaria. 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词This medicine，which在从句中作主语。此时，which不可以用that替代。 译文：这种被称为青蒿素的药物，很快成为了疟疾的标准治疗方法。 [阅读回答] 阅读以上文本，回答以下问题 1．What can be inferred according to the last paragraph？A A．Tu Youyou is a very modest person. B．Tu Youyou takes great pride in herself. C．Tu Youyou made traditional Chinese medicine spread. D．Tu Youyou was surprised at the great prize. 2．What led to the discovery of artemisinin according to Tu Youyou？B A．Her individual commitment. B．Team cooperation. C．Her good education. D．One medical text. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·江西南昌十中高二开学考试) Surviving Mount Rainier Bad luck and poor timing left Kart and three climbers stuck on Mount Rainier for several long days.They faced mountain climbing's toughest tests.One man suffered altitude sickness；ice and rockfall rained down at night；cold nights in a tent that got torn left them hypothermic(体温过低的)．Calm confidence，skill and the courage to continue up the route，despite illness and injury，likely saved their lives. The climbers set out on a Friday，camping low on the route the first night because they were concerned about rockfall after a climber had recently died in an accident at the route's typical high camp.On Saturday，at about 10，500 feet，one of the climbers became sick from the altitude，which began to slow them down.They needed to keep moving，so they put him in the lead so he could move at a pace he was comfortable with. By Sunday evening，the ill climber was exhausted，and they had to make an unplanned camp on steep snow.They were in a bad place—on a platform about the size of a table under an ice cliff.The wind got stronger during the night，ripping the tent and snapping the poles.They tried to secure it by placing their packs and rocks around the edges.Finally，they just stuck their feet between the rocks and held the tent with their bodies.It was a cold night. 学生用书第88页 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 ___________________________ On Monday，they managed to call 911 but forgot to ask how to communicate with the rangers (护林员) before losing signal. ___________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On Wednesday，they gathered everything and decided to carry on with their climb. ___________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 一审——审要素 背景Setting When &Where Friday，On Saturday，Sunday evening，On Monday，On Wednesday；Mount Rainier 角色Characters Who Kart and three climbers 情节Plot What Bad luck and poor timing left Kart and three climbers stuck on Mount Rainier for several long days Why They faced mountain climbing's toughest tests； One man suffered altitude sickness； Ice and rockfall rained down at night； Cold nights in a tent that got torn left them hypothermic(体温过低的)．The wind got stronger during the night，ripping the tent and snapping the poles. 情感Feeling How frightened—hopeless— self-encouraged—confident—happy　 二定——定主题：正能量原则 原文依据 Calm confidence，skill and the courage to continue up the route，despite illness and injury，likely saved their lives； They needed to keep moving，so they put him in the lead so he could move at a pace he was comfortable with. They tried to secure it by placing their packs and rocks around the edges. Finally，they just stuck their feet between the rocks and held the tent with their bodies． 主题 In the face of difficulties，you only believe in yourself，constantly looking for ways to solve the suffering，in order to finally overcome difficulties and achieve success. 三推测——两步段首句定发展：三衔接原则 (一)标出段首句的关键词 　第一段：On Monday，they managed to call 911 but forgot to ask how to communicate with the rangers (护林员) before losing signal. 第二段：On Wednesday，they gathered everything and decided to carry on with their climb. 学生用书第89页 (二)基于三衔接原则：利用复现、代词指代及过渡衔接词三大方法做好衔接。 　①由第一段首句内容“周一，他们设法拨打了911，但在失去信号之前忘记询问如何与护林员沟通。”可知，第一段可描写他们只能在原地等待救援，但是恶劣的天气让救援人员和直升飞机过不来，食品也要耗尽，冰崩让他们本来就很小的地方无法立足，也无法下山。 ②由第二段首句内容“星期三，他们收集了所有东西，并决定继续攀登。”可知，第二段可描写他们向上攀登，虽然中途遇到困难，但仍然坚持到最后，爬上山顶，得救了。 ③由此可推测第一段的结局：恶劣天气让救援无法到达，食物要耗尽，此时也无法下山。第二段的结局：通过此次攀登的经历，作者体会到：面对困难，纵有千难万险，只要有拼搏的精神，一定能够克服困难，实现成功。 四构思——每段三个微情节原则 第一段 情节 他们尽其所能搭建起剩下的帐篷； 强风阻止了护林员的直升机救援尝试； 他们每天一起喝一瓶融雪； 把他们挤在一起。 动作链 搭建帐篷→祈祷→喝一瓶融雪→挤在一起 心理描写 hopeful adj.满怀希望的 第二段 情节 慢慢地、小心地爬上去； 情绪低落，怀疑自己； 不停地大喊； 登上山顶的最后一个斜坡； 一架直升机出现； 他们获救了。 动作链 爬→大喊→出现→获救 心理描写 in low spirit 情绪低落 doubtful adj.不大可能的；怀疑的 shocked adj.惊愕的 参考范文： On Monday，they managed to call 911 but forgot to ask how to communicate with the rangers (护林员) before losing signal.(首段首句确定框架，续写方向1)They set up what was left of the tent as best they could and stayed where they were，praying for the early arrival of their salvation.(动作链，表现人物焦急的心态，续写方向2)．But for several days，they watched beyond all hope as high winds prevented the rangers' attempts at a helicopter rescue.Their food was running out and they shared a single bottle of snowmelt each day.Then an icefall buried their tent platform and squeezed them together.(场景描写，体现所处环境的恶劣)It was impossible to climb down.(为第二段首句埋下伏笔，续写方向3) On Wednesday，they gathered everything and decided to carry on with their climb.(首段首句确定框架，续写方向4)They climbed up slowly and carefully，resting when they were weak(分成短语作状语)．It didn't take long until the wind froze them in place.That was the scariest moment.Their spirits began to sink and they started to doubt if they could continue. (心理描写，续写方向5)Kart thought of all the people who loved him，and it really hit him they must be worried.As he tried to climb again and again，he just kept yelling out to his friends，“We have to get there.”(语言描写) However，as they got onto the final slope to the summit(时间状语从句)，the weather cleared.Suddenly，a helicopter appeared out of nowhere.They were rescued. 通晓古今之——中国杂交水稻 Hybrid rice refers to the selection (选择) of two rice varieties with certain genetic differences and complementary (互补的) good characters to produce the first generation hybrid with heterosis(杂种优势)．China is the first country in the world to successfully develop and promote hybrid rice.In October 2019，the first public test of the third generation hybrid rice was conducted in Hunan Province，with a yield of 1，046kg per mu.In November 2020，the double cropping yield measurement of hybrid rice in Hengyang City，Hunan Province reached 1，530kg per mu. 杂交水稻是指选用两个在遗传上有一定差异，同时它们的优良性状又能互补的水稻品种进行杂交，生产具有杂种优势的第一代杂交种。中国是世界上第一个成功研发和推广杂交水稻的国家。2019年10月，第三代杂交水稻在湖南省进行的首次公开测试，亩产1 046公斤。2020年11月，在湖南省衡阳市进行的杂交水稻双季测产达到了亩产1 530公斤。 Yuan Longping，the pioneer and leader of China's hybrid rice industry，was a famous Chinese agricultural scientist and academician(院士)of the Chinese Academy of engineering.He was known as the “father of hybrid rice”．In recent decades，Yuan Longping，a self-described “intellectual peasant”，was regarded as a“national hero”．On September 17，2019，Yuan Longping was awarded the “Medal of the Republic”． 中国杂交水稻事业的开创者和领导者袁隆平是中国著名的农业科学家、中国工程院院士，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。近几十年来，自称“知识农民”的袁隆平被称为“民族英雄”。2019年9月17 日，袁隆平被授予“共和国勋章”。 单元检测卷(二)　UNIT 2　SUCCESS (时间：120分钟，满分：150分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will the woman do? A．Use a dictionary.　　 B．Go to school. C．Turn to her father. 2．What's the weather like now? A．Sunny.　　　B．Cloudy.　　　C．Rainy. 3．What time will the car most probably be ready? A．By 4 o'clock. B．By 5 o'clock. C．By 6 o'clock. 4．Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．On a train. B．On a plane. C．In a car. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．A meal. B．Plans for supper. C．Their favorite food. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What kind of car does the man want? A．A full-sized one. B．A mid-sized one. C．A small-sized one. 7．How much should the man pay in total? A．$360.　　　B．$300.　　　C．$240. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What sport does the man still play? A．Ping-pong. B．Basketball. C．Baseball. 9．What's the relationship between the man and Mary? A．Classmates. B．Boyfriend and girlfriend. C．Brother and sister. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Why did the woman stay up late last night? A．To watch a movie. B．To read some reports. C．To finish her schoolwork. 11．What makes the woman worried? A．That she may fall asleep in a class. B．That she is unable to attend a class. C．That she is unable to get some coffee. 12．What will the man drink? A．A bottle of soda. B．Some tea. C．A cup of coffee. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Whom does the dog belong to? A．The man. B．The woman. C．Lisa. 14. What's the man's attitude towards dogs? A．He loves them very much. B．He shows no interest. C．He is afraid of them. 15．How old is probably the man now? A．12.　　　B．24.　　　　C．32. 16．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Their former pets. B．Causes of pets' death. C．Differences between dogs and cats. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Whom did the woman spend last year's Easter with? A．Her workmates. B．Her family and friends. C．Her husband alone. 18．Who does the woman think can help her cook? A．Her sister. B．Her sister's husband. C．Her husband. 19．What does the woman think of organizing an Easter egg hunt? A．Dangerous.　　　B．Fun.　　　C．Tiring. 20．What's the woman's attitude toward the coming Easter holiday? A．She thinks it'll be great. B．She is a bit worried about it. C．She doesn't care much about it. 答案：　1－5　CBBBA　6－10　BBCBC 11－15　ABCAB　16－20　ABABA 听力材料 第一节　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 (Text 1) W：Do you know this word? M：No.I haven't seen this word before.Why not look it up in your dictionary? W：I left it at school.I guess I'll just ask Dad.He must know it. (Text 2) W：Look at the sky.I'm afraid it'll rain soon. M：But the weather report said it'd be sunny today. W：It can't be right every time.Just look at the clouds. (Text 3) M：Could you please have my car ready before 4 o'clock? W：Sorry.I need one more hour.The damage is too serious. M：OK.Then I'll come by 5 o'clock. (Text 4) M：You can sit in my place. W：That's very kind of you.But I'm quite sleepy now. M：Don't you want to look at the clouds? W：To be honest，I can just see the machine. (Text 5) M：Do you like the fried chicken? W：Yes.It tasted really great.But I loved the fish more. M：I loved it，too.But I think the beef was the best cooked. W：Really？I hardly ate it. 第二节　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 (Text 6) W：Good morning，sir.May I help you? M：Yes.I'd like to rent a car，please.I need to use it for three days. W：OK.What kind of car do you want，full-sized，mid-sized or small-sized? M：What's the cost? W：Full-sized cars cost 120 dollars a day，mid-sized ones cost 100 dollars a day and small-sized cars cost just 80 dollars a day. M：Then I'd like a mid-sized one，please. W：OK，sir. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 (Text 7) M: Hey，Jenny.Do you still play volleyball? W：Yes.It's my favorite sport.I play it with my friends every Saturday.It can help us stay fit.Do you still play ping-pong? M：No.I have no one to play ping-pong with now. W：Then what about basketball? M：I've stopped playing it，too.But I still play baseball.Mary loves this sport，so I often play it with her. W：Why don't you play ping-pong with her? M：She isn't interested in this sport at all. W：What else do you do together with Mary besides playing baseball? M：We do things just like other lovers，such as going to the cinema，going to the restaurant and taking walks together. W：How wonderful! 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 (Text 8) M：You look a bit tired.When did you go to sleep last night? W：I didn't go to sleep until 2 o'clock this morning. M：Why did you stay up so late？Did you watch movies again? W：No.I worked on my school paper.I wanted to finish it so that I could hand it in this morning.I'll go to Professor Wang's class at 10 o'clock.I'm afraid I'll fall asleep during his class.It'll be really embarrassing if I fall asleep in his class. M：You need a coffee.It'll make you feel better. W：But I never drink coffee.I don't want to have such a habit.You know，many forests have disappeared because farmers wanted to get more coffee beans. M：I’ve heard that，too.Then what about a soda? W：No.I read a report the other day.It said most soft drinks have too much sugar in them. M：Then what about some tea? W：That's a good idea.I love drinking tea.So what will you have? M：The same as you. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 (Text 9) M：Look at the dog over there.Isn't it cute? W：Yes.It belongs to Lisa.She plays with the dog outdoors for about an hour every day.Ted，do you like animals? M：Certainly.I love dogs very much.They're actually my favorite animals. W：Do you have a dog now? M：No.My dog died just last month.I'm just too sad to keep a new one now. W：Oh，I'm so sorry to hear that.Why did your dog die，if I may ask? M：He just got too old.You know，I got Paul when I was just twelve years old.Totally，he spent twelve years with me.He was more than a friend to me.He was my family. W：You must be very sad when he died.I once had a cat.When she was gone，I felt very sad.So I totally understand how you feel. M：Did your cat die because of old age，too? W：No.It didn't die.It just ran away.She left through an open window one night and never returned.I have no idea what really happened to her. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 (Text 10) W：I have some plans for this year's Easter. Like other holidays，Easter is also a great opportunity for us to spend time with our loved ones.It's a wonderful time to get together with our family.So I'll invite my family and friends to spend the holiday with me，just like last year. On that day，I'll cook something delicious.I'll make one of my favorite meals to share with those close to me.Since I can't finish it alone，I'll ask my sister for help.She's really a great cook.Her boyfriend cooks well，too，but he may not help.I also need my husband's help.Since he doesn't know how to cook，he'll just wash vegetables.On that day，I'll serve hamburgers as the main dish for the Easter meal.Then I'll add some side dishes such as potatoes and carrots. For fun，we'll organize an Easter egg hunt.It can help make the Easter an enjoyable one. I really look forward to this year's Easter holiday. 第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2024·江苏南京高二联考) Developing Children's Persistence (毅力) One of the most important lessons a child can learn is not to give up when faced with a challenging situation，but instead to continue and overcome it. Invention education As the importance of STEM (science，technology，engineering and mathematics) subjects continues to grow due to the world's increasing complexity (复杂性)，invention education has become a popular way for children to explore these fields in pleasant ways. At Camp Invention，there are no “right” or “wrong” ways to complete each day's set of challenges and activities.Those who take part in it are able to seek solutions that naturally interest them.For example，campers learn how to change their cars to travel across the land，and create basic theory that could help them move through the air and even underwater by using the same method shared by some of the world's most well-known inventors! The Innovation (创新) Mindset Working with our national innovators whose discoveries continue to improve the lives of people everywhere，we have recognized nine basic skills that can benefit children throughout their lives.We call this the Innovation Mindset，and it influences the development of all our education programmes. Persistence is a very important part of the Innovation Mindset because it teaches children to recover from setbacks and overcome difficulties to reach their goals.Because our programmes develop determination through a “create，test and retest” way of learning，students build the strength and confidence to take on any challenges that stand in their way. Explore more trends in STEM To learn more about the latest trends in STEM education，click here or visit our blog. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了培养孩子毅力的方法。 21．How does Camp Invention develop persistence? A．By inviting famous inventors. B．By providing interesting solutions. C．By encouraging campers to take STEM subjects. D．By allowing campers to solve problems in creative ways.　 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据Invention education部分“At Camp Invention，there are no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ ways to complete each day's set of challenges and activities.Those who take part in it are able to seek solutions...shared by some of the world's most well-known inventors！”可知，在发明营，参与者们可以用他们感兴趣的有创造力的方法来解决问题。故选D项。 22．What can children learn in the Innovation Mindset? A．To recognize basic life skills. B．To face challenges bravely. C．To build up their body strength. D．To develop education programmes. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据The Innovation (创新) Mindset部分“Persistence is a very important part of the Innovation Mindset because it teaches children to recover from setbacks and overcome difficulties to reach their goals.”可知，在创新思维，孩子们可以学会勇敢地面对挑战。故选B项。 23．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A website. B．A camp poster. C．A science report. D．A course introduction. 答案：A 解析：文章出处题。根据最后一段“To learn more about the latest trends in STEM education，click here or visit our blog.(要了解更多关于STEM教育的最新趋势，请单击此处或访问我们的博客)”可推知，这篇文章可能来自于一个网站。故选A项。 B (2024·山东滨州第一中学高二期中) Linda Richards was the first graduate of an American nursing school.After receiving her degree in 1873，she went to work at Bellevue Hospital in New York City.Katherine Kelly told us an interesting story about her. As night superintendent (主管) at the Bellevue Training School for Nurses，Linda Richards had to ask the day nurses for reports on the condition of her one hundred patients.“You are so full of questions！” cried a day nurse with anger.“I could fill a penny notebook trying to answer them all！” Linda was full of questions.She'd graduated a year before，and there was still so much she didn't know.That night she thought of what the day nurse had said.Penny notebooks! Well，why not? At her first chance，she tied notebooks to the beds of her most badly ill patients.She asked the day nurses to keep a written record of each patient's condition，and she would do the same at night. One evening Linda stopped at the bed of a sailor.After watching her write in the notebook，he asked jokingly if she was trying to chart (制表) his course. Why，that's exactly what I'm trying to do，she thought.And so began the practice of keeping a patient's chart，now used in hospitals and doctors' offices all over the world.Linda Richards went on to become a leading person in the field of nurses' training.She served as the first president of the American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools in 1894，which was the first professional organization (专业组织) for nurses.She took an active part in nursing organizations and can be regarded as one of the movers and shakers of the young job.She spent her life proving that “a trained nurse is better than an untrained one.” The American Nurses' Association honored Linda Richard's achievement by putting her picture on its seal (印章)，with the words “Service，Humanity，Efficiency around”． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了护士培训先驱琳达从日间护士的话里受到启发，发明了病例记录，在全世界推广使用开来，成为了护士培训的先驱。美国护士协会将琳达·理查德的照片印在印章上，并写上“服务、人性、效率”，以此来表彰她的成就。 24．What did Katherine want to tell us about Linda? A．How she completed her education. B．How she took care of her patients. C．How she got on with other nurses. D．How she invented patient's chart. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三、四、六段可推出，凯瑟琳·凯利讲到琳达的目的是想要告诉我们她是如何发明病历表的，故选D项。 25．How did Linda deal with the annoyed day nurse? A．She had words with her. B．She bought her a notebook. C．She got a new idea from her. D．She took no notice of her anger. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“That night she thought of what the day nurse had said.Penny notebooks! Well，why not？”可知，琳达从日间护士的话里得到了灵感，故选C项。 26．Which of the following best describe Linda Richard? A．Creative and influential. B．Positive and independent. C．Confident and outgoing. D．Energetic and strong-willed. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“At her first chance，she tied notebooks to the beds of her most badly ill patients.She asked the day nurses to keep a written record of each patient's condition，and she would do the same at night.”可推出，琳达富有创造力，根据第六段“began the practice of keeping a patient's chart，now used in hospitals and doctors' offices all over the world”可推出，琳达的做法影响力广泛，故选A项。 27．What's the suitable title of the text? A．A curious mind in learning B．A pioneer in nursing training C．The value of penny notebook D．The success of a nursing organization 答案：B 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，特别是最后一段“She served as the first president of...She spent her life proving that ‘a trained nurse is better than an untrained one.’”可知，本文主要讲的是一位护士培训的先驱，故选B项。 C (2024·河北沧州高二期中) When we talk more broadly of body language，rather than good postures，we can actually see the effects it has on relationships right throughout the animal kingdom.In particular，body language is used to express power through expansive (扩张的) postures. You might know about Amy Cuddy's famous Ted Talk and her incredible insights on how posture changes our thoughts.Cuddy and her team study body language，particularly what they call “high-power” and “low-power” poses. “High-power” poses refer to the act of taking a posture of confidence，which can help you feel more self-confident，even after only two minutes.Typical high-power poses are about opening up.You stretch and expand your body to take up as much space as possible.For example，bosses are doing high-power poses when they lean back in their chairs，put their hands behind their heads，and kick their feet up onto their desks.Meanwhile，people take low-power positions when they're feeling helpless or defeated.They close up，arms around themselves，taking up the smallest space. Some even more recent studies took this even further：A study by researchers from Columbia and Harvard Universities showed that body language symbolizing power can actually affect our decision-making，unintentionally.The researchers measured the desire for risk of participants in either expansive，powerful poses or constricted (收缩的) poses.Those in the powerful poses not only felt more powerful and in control，but were 45% more likely to take risky actions. “This isn't about what your body language is communicating to others；it's about what your body language is communicating to you.Your body language is changing your mind，which changes your behavior，which changes your outcomes，” said Cuddy. So if you want to take advantage of the benefits of these poses to live a healthier and happier life，where should you start? 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了身体语言对动物以及人际关系的影响，特别是被用来通过扩张式的姿势来表达权力。文章最后给出了建议，提醒人们从改变自己的身体语言开始，改变自己的思考和行为，从而实现更好的生活。 28．Which is probably a low-power pose according to the text? A．Sitting with hands crossed in the lap. B．Arms raised in a “V” above the head. C．Standing with your legs open. D．Sitting with your arms spreading out on the chair. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Meanwhile，people take low-power positions when they're feeling helpless or defeated.They close up，arms around themselves，taking up the smallest space.”可推断，手交叉放在腿上坐着，缩小自己占用的空间，属于“低权利”姿势。故选A项。 29．What can we say about people in the expansive poses? A．They are hesitant. B．They are very shy. C．They feel out of control. D．They feel more confident. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“‘High-power’ poses refer to the act of taking a posture of confidence，which can help you feel more self-confident，even after only two minutes.”及第四段“The researchers measured the desire for risk of...but were 45% more likely to take risky actions.”可知，那些摆着扩张式的姿势的人通常会感觉更加自信。故选D项。 30．What is the text mainly about? A．The posture of confidence. B．Cuddy's research on behavior. C．The surprising power of body language. D．The research about decision-making. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，特别根据第一段可知，文章讲述了身体语言对动物以及人际关系的影响，特别是被用来通过扩张式的姿势来表达权力。由此可知，C选项( 肢体语言的惊人力量)能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。 31．What might be talked about in the following paragraph? A．How to correct bad habits. B．How to improve your body language. C．How posture affects your health. D．Why good posture matters for employees. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“So if you want to take advantage of the benefits of these poses to live a healthier and happier life，where should you start？”可知，此处强调如果想利用这些姿势的好处过上更健康、更快乐的生活，要从哪里开始。由此推知，接下来文章可能会讨论应该如何改善肢体语言。故选B项。 D (2024·江苏南京高二期中) Today's Brussels sprouts (孢子甘蓝) taste better than you might remember from childhood，and that is because a new variety has replaced the original vegetable.You can thank plant breeders (植物育种家) for the change.Modern breeders，armed with new gene-editing technology，are looking to reproduce Brussels sprouts' reinvention. In the late 1990s，scientists discovered specific chemicals which made Brussels sprouts taste bitter.Plant breeders started growing old seeds，previously abandoned due to poor yields (产量)，to look for tastier versions with lower levels of these specific chemicals.Then they crossed these delicious but low-yield plants with high-yield individuals until they found a version that made plenty of tasty sprouts，transforming the vegetable from a bitter pill into a popular dish. But other vegetables haven't fared as well.That's because most breeding decisions favor plant traits that matter to vegetable growers，not vegetable eaters.For instance，disease resistance is probably the major focus these days of most breeding programs because that prevents the farmer from growing the crop.The taste of vegetables is ignored. People，however，are now becoming interested in prioritizing the taste of vegetables thanks in part to new genetic technology such as the gene-snipping technique CRISPR and DNA sequencing which is cheap enough to use widely.“There's never been a better time to be a fruit breeder or a vegetable breeder because we have more tools and techniques，” says Susan Brown，an apple breeder at Cornell University. Some companies are beginning to use those tools to deal with the challenge of developing tastier vegetables.One company，Pairwise，is fighting the same compounds that troubled Brussels sprouts：glucosinolates.But this time researchers are improving the flavor of salad greens. All vegetable growers hope that more flavorful products on store shelves will convince people to consume the recommended allowances (推荐量) of fruits and vegetables—and do so better than decades of nutritional guidance have.“Don't waste your time talking about trying to educate people to eat better，” said Harry Klee，a professor who specializes in tomato breeding.“Just give them products that taste better and that they want to eat.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家通过育种来让孢子甘蓝变得没那么苦，这一成功主要是因为基因技术的发达，一些公司开始使用这些工具来应对开发更美味蔬菜的挑战。 32．Why did plant breeders grow old Brussels sprout seeds? A．To find out why Brussels sprouts are bitter. B．To find the less bitter versions of Brussels sprouts. C．To study the specific chemicals of Brussels sprouts. D．To select high-yielding versions of Brussels sprouts. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Then they crossed these delicious but low-yield plants with high-yield individuals until they found a version that made plenty of tasty sprouts，transforming the vegetable from a bitter pill into a popular dish.”可推知，植物育种家种植老球芽甘蓝种子是为了寻找不那么苦的孢子甘蓝。故选B项。 33．What does the underlined word “fared” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Profited. B．Emerged. C．Survived. D．Succeeded. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段以及画线词后文“That's because most breeding decisions favor plant traits...that prevents the farmer from growing the crop.The taste of vegetables is ignored.”并结合But表示转折，可推知，上文提到种植老球芽甘蓝种子是为了寻找不那么苦的孢子甘蓝，后文则说蔬菜的味道被忽略了，可知其他的蔬菜没有成功。故画线词意思是“成功”。故选D项。 34．What can we learn from Susan Brown's words in Paragraph 4? A．Fruit and vegetable breeding techniques are booming. B．Fruit and vegetable breeding techniques need no further improvement. C．Fruit and vegetable breeders are struggling to develop new species. D．Fruit and vegetable breeders should develop new genetic technology. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“People，however，are now becoming interested in prioritizing the taste of vegetables thanks in part to new genetic technology...we have more tools and techniques，’ says Susan Brown，an apple breeder at Cornell University.”可推知，苏珊·布朗的话表明水果和蔬菜育种技术正在蓬勃发展。故选A项。 35．Which is the best way to get people to eat more fruits and vegetables according to Harry Klee? A．Enhancing the taste of vegetables and fruits. B．Making vegetables and fruits more affordable for people. C．Improving the nutritional content of vegetables and fruits. D．Educating people about the benefits of vegetables and fruits. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘Don't waste your time talking about trying to educate people to eat better，’ said Harry Klee，a professor who specializes in tomato breeding.‘Just give them products that taste better and that they want to eat.’”可知，让人们多吃水果和蔬菜的最好方法是提高蔬菜和水果的味道。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·北京顺义期中) There is an English saying that goes，“He who laughs last，laughs the hardest.” High School Musical star Zac Efron is laughing a lot these days. 36 ，because he was always the smallest in his class and he was laughed at because he had a big space between his teeth.In the sixth grade，when Efron's basketball team wanted to be the league championship，in overtime，with three seconds left，he passed the ball to the wrong team! 37 ． 38 ．Now Efron is one of People magazine's 100 Most Beautiful People，graces the cover of Entertainment Weekly，Hollywood's most influential magazine，and is traveling the world promoting the third High School Musical film.Director Adam Shankman described Efron as “arguably the biggest teen star in America right now”．Simply google “Zac Efron”，and you will get more than 14 million responses.Yes，it seems that Efron has a lot to smile about these days. Efron was born and raised in California. 39 ．According to Efron，he would study crazily if he got a B and not an A in school，and he was a class clown(小丑)．It was his father who encouraged him to act. 40 ．He also took singing lessons.He graduated from high school in 2006 and was accepted to study film at the University of Southern California.But he put it off—why study movies when you can star in them? Efron has risen all the way to the top of the movie business.And he can now laugh all the way to the bank. A．He took school seriously B．His team's opponents scored and his team lost the game C．But history，as they say，is a thing of the past D．He owed it a lot to his father that he succeeded E．As a young boy，Efron was picked on by his classmates F．He took part in school performances and acted in a local theater G．When he was young，Efron was an unqualified basketball player 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过Zac Efron的故事阐明了谚语“笑到最后的人才笑得最好”的内涵。 36．答案：E 解析：下文“because he was always the smallest in his class and was laughed at because he had a big space between his teeth”说明他经常被嘲笑的原因，E项(当Efron还是个小男孩的时候，他就被同学们捉弄)，衔接后文，给出了“because he was always the smallest in his class”的结果，并与and后句子形成并列照应，衔接恰当。故选E项。 37．答案：B 解析：上文“In sixth grade，when Efron's basketball team wanted to win the championship，in overtime，with three seconds left，he passed the ball to the wrong team！”说明Efron在比赛中犯了严重的失误，B项(对手得分了，他的球队输掉了比赛)说明了该失误的后果，衔接恰当。故选B项。 38．答案：C 解析：下文“Now Efron is one of People magazine's 100 Most Beautiful People...and is traveling the world promoting the third High School Musical film.”说明他现在非常成功，与之前大相径庭。C项(但正如他们所说，历史是过去的事)承上启下，衔接恰当。故选C项。 39．答案：A 解析：下文“According to Efron，he would study crazily if he got a B and not an A in school，and he was a class clown(小丑)”说明他在学习上非常严格认真。A项(他对待学习很认真)衔接恰当。故选A项。 40．答案：F 解析：上文“It was his father who encouraged him to act.”说明他在父亲的鼓励下开始学习表演，F项(他参加学校的演出，并在当地的剧院演出)说明了他学习表演的历程，衔接恰当。故选F项。 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2024·湖北省高二上期中) My daughter had talent for acting.When Alex was accepted into New York University's musical theater program，I 41 what dress I'd wear to her Broadway debut (初次登台)．But now she decided to be an exercise instructor.It was 42 for me. “I thought 43 at gyms was just to help you pay the bills until you had your good luck，wasn't it？” I asked when Alex 44 her full-time job at a gym called Equinox in New York City. “Acting was my childhood dream，” she explained.“I loved 45 ，but my adult self wants to help people be 46 ．” Even after Alex earned her personal training certification，I still couldn't accept her 47 ．When the COVID-19 crisis shut New York's gyms，and Alex returned jobless to Richmond，my 48 of working on her acting website was rejected.Instead，she launched online kettle-bell classes and rounded up clients using Instagram.Her 49 took off，and our house became her virtual studio until she returned to Manhattan in August 2020. One day I signed up for her private sessions.While doing deadlifts (硬举训练)，I asked，“What are you doing to find a real job？” Alex pointed to her waist， 50 my posture，“Mom，this is my 51 ．I'm growing a business.”And she was.Soon she was making more than she ever did in gyms and had total 52 of her business.I was one of many who 53 from her patient encouragement.Over time，my lower-back pain disappeared and I could lift a heavy box 54 ．Through my training，I learned she knew the right 55 for herself. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的女儿有表演的天赋，但执意做一名健身教练，对此作者一开始很不理解，但最后她认可了女儿的选择。 41．A．expected　　 B．prepared C．pictured D．treasured 答案：C 解析：根据上文“My daughter had talent...musical theater program”可知，作者的女儿有表演天赋，所以当女儿被纽约大学的音乐剧课程录取时，作者想象着女儿初次在百老汇登台时自己会穿的衣服。故选C项。 42．A．awkward B．hard C．appealing D．rewarding 答案：B 解析：根据本段第一句“My daughter had talent for acting.”以及空前一句“But now she decided to be an exercise instructor.”可知，作者的女儿有表演天赋，但是她却决定做一名健身教练，因此作者难以理解女儿的做法。故选B项。 43．A．exercising B．wandering C．struggling D．teaching 答案：D 解析：根据上文“she decided to be an exercise instructor”可知，此处指在健身房教人健身。故选D项。 44．A．announced B．searched C．changed D．rejected 答案：A 解析：根据空前的“I thought...good luck，wasn't it？”可知，此处指当女儿宣布了她的全职工作时，作者质疑女儿的选择。故选A项。 45．A．training B．trying C．performing D．socializing 答案：C 解析：根据空前的“Acting was my childhood dream”可知，此处指女儿说她曾经喜欢表演。故选C项。 46．A．active B．fit C．positive D．ambitious 答案：B 解析：根据常识可知，健身教练能指导别人如何保持健康。故选B项。 47．A．passion B．theory C．refusal D．decision 答案：D 解析：上文提到女儿决定做一名健身教练，再结合语境可知，即使女儿拿到了她的培训资格证书，作者仍然无法接受她的决定。故选D项。 48．A．suggestion B．warning C．analysis D．dream 答案：A 解析：根据空后的“of working on her acting website was rejected”可知，此处指作者给女儿的建议。故选A项。 49．A．research B．business C．occupation D．organization 答案：B 解析：根据空后的“our house became her virtual studio”可知，女儿的事业成功了。故选B项。 50．A．spotting B．opposing C．admiring D．correcting 答案：D 解析：根据空前的“Alex pointed to her waist”及空后“my posture”可知，此处指当教练的女儿正在纠正作者的姿势。故选D项。 51．A．job B．hobby C．personality D．achievement 答案：A 解析：根据上文作者问女儿的问题“What are you doing to find a real job？”可知，job符合此处语境，女儿在回答作者这就是她的工作。 故选A项。 52．A．impression B．ignorance C．control D．understanding 答案：C 解析：根据空前的“Soon she was making more than what she ever did in gyms”可知，女儿的事业取得了更大的进展，此处指她能完全掌控自己的事业了。故选C项。 53．A．restored B．benefited C．resulted D．learned 答案：B 解析：根据下一句中的“Over time，my lower-back pain disappeared”可知，一段时间以后，作者后背的下部不疼了，故作者参加女儿的健身课程后受益了。故选B项。 54．A．in charge B．with assistance C．in comfort D．with ease 答案：D 解析：根据上文可知，通过参加女儿的健身课程，作者后背的下部不疼了。由此可推知，此处指作者可以轻松地提起一个沉重的箱子了。故选D项。 55．A．method B．routine C．path D．progress 答案：C 解析：根据上文可知，作者的女儿坚持自己想从事的职业，并在事业上取得了很大的进展，故此处指作者意识到了女儿知道适合自己的正确道路。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2024·陕西汉中期中) China successfully launched Mengtian，the second lab module of its space station into orbit on Monday afternoon，56. (get) a step closer to completing the space station in 2022.The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) declared the launch mission a complete 57. (succeed)． Mengtian 58. (mean) “Dreams of Heaven”．The module weighs more than 20 tonnes.It is 17.9 meters long 59. has a maximum diameter of 4.2 meters.The lab module can be further subdivided into different modules.Mengtian is mainly designed 60. scientific experiments.Unlike Tianhe and Wentian，it doesn't have a sleeping cabin，but it's full of cabinets that can support 61. (hundred) of experiments. The scientific experiments to be carried out in Mengtian are expected to enable scientists to conduct cutting-edge (前沿的) studies，62. may contribute to world-class findings.One of the center is responsible for making and implementing plans and schedules for scientific work on 63. Tiangong space station.The results of the experiments can also boost the application and transfer of advanced space science and technology to other research fields.A worker in the center said：“So far，we 64. (arrange) about 40 experiments in those eight cabinets.Meanwhile，we will 65. (gradual) carry all the experiments out according to the overall plan.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国成功将“梦天”实验舱送入太空。 56．答案：getting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词 launched，故空处需填非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填getting。 57．答案：success 解析：考查词性转换。根据“a complete”可知，空处需填单数名词，succeed是动词，表示“成功”，名词是success。故填success。 58．答案：means 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是Mengtian，故谓语动词用单数。故填means。 59．答案：and 解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，“is 17.9 meters long”和“has a maximum diameter of 4.2 meters”是并列关系，故填并列连词and。故填and。 60．答案：for 解析：考查介词。句意：“梦天”主要是为科学实验设计的。be designed for表示“为……而设计”符合句意。故填for。 61．答案：hundreds 解析：考查数词。hundreds of＋名词复数，表示“数百个……”，符合句意。故填hundreds。 62．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“ may contribute to world-class findings”是非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是“cutting-edge studies”，指物，故用which引导定语从句。故填which。 63．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。根据“Tiangong space station”可知，空处需填冠词，此处表示独一无二的天宫空间站，故用定冠词。故填the。 64．答案：have arranged 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，时间状语是“So far”，故用现在完成时，主语是we。故填have arranged。 65．答案：gradually 解析：考查词性转换。根据“carry...out”可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰动词，故填gradually。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2024·陕西省西安高二上期中) 你班英语老师要求你们以“My Understanding of Success”为题写一篇作文，内容包括： 1．你对于成功的理解； 2．你想如何获得成功。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： My Understanding of Success Everyone wants to succeed.I think success means that we have achieved the goals we hope to achieve，and success means that we have realized our dreams. But how can I achieve success? First of all，I should have self-confidence，which is the first secret of success.Secondly，I should discover my advantages.Only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.Finally，I am not afraid of failure.Failure is the mother of success，and repetition is the father of success.If I fall down，I must get up again! Never give up.With constant efforts，I believe I will be able to achieve success. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·山东聊城市高二上期中) An elderly woman held out her card to pay for boots，but the cashier returned the card and said there was not enough money on it.The woman said that she recently underwent surgery and the insurance didn't cover all the expenses.And now she was paying off the debt.She asked if she could buy the shoes in installments (分期付款)，because her shoes were falling apart，and it was cold outside.The cashier replied that their store didn't sell the goods in installments.The woman left the boots at the checkout and went to the exit.She looked at the rain outside the store doors and her old shoes. A young man approached her and held out a box with a pair of boots that she had left at the checkout.“Take them，at your age you need to take care of yourself.These boots are my gift to you，” he said.The woman was surprised and said that she couldn't accept such an expensive gift from a stranger.The man smiled and replied that it was not a gift.He was returning a debt that he couldn't return to another person.He said that as a child he was a very poor but smart boy.The teacher noticed that he was only coming to school every other day.She found out where he lived，and came to his house.She wanted to talk to his mother and ask why he was skipping school. The boy's mom was at work.Then the teacher told him to pack up and go to school with her.He replied that he could not，saying that day was not his day to study，but his brother's.The teacher was confused.Then the boy explained that his brother and he had only one pair of shoes.They didn't have a father，and their mother's salary was only enough for food.Therefore he and his brother took turns，and that day was his brother's day to wear shoes and go to school. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The teacher was shocked. ________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ The elderly woman wiped her tears and smiled. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： The teacher was shocked.She hugged the boy and said，“Wait for me at home and I will help you.” Then she left the boy's house and went to the mall to buy a new pair of shoes for him.When the boy saw the shoes，he was very excited.But he thought the gift was too expensive for him to accept.The teacher said，“This is a gift for you.You should go to school at your age.” Since then，the boy went to school on time every day.He studied hard and was admitted to a key university.He also succeeded in his career. The elderly woman wiped her tears and smiled.She is the teacher.She clasped the boots in one hand and took the man's hand in the other.She said happily to the man，“Good boy，you light up my day.Let me know that kindness can be passed on.” The man replied with a smile：“My dear teacher，you light up my life，and I will always thank you.” 学生用书第90页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null