Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar(1)-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar(1) 动词-ing形式 语法串烧 我的发现 　　Being successful①is not easy in any field.Different people have different opinions on it.Some people think having enough money② is important while others consider making great achievements③ is a symbol of success. In my opinion，I think success means helping④ those in need and understanding④ the true meaning of life.Success is exciting⑤，but if you don't succeed for a while，you won't be discouraged.What you need is keep doing⑥ your work well and waiting for⑥ the next chance. 1．①②③为动词-ing形式在句中作主语； 2．④⑥为动词-ing形式在句中作 3．⑤为动词-ing形式在句中作表语。宾语； 动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，在句中起名词的作用，同时保留动词的属性，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等。本单元语法主要讨论其充当主语、宾语和表语时的用法。 知识点一　动词-ing形式作主语 1．意义：动词-ing形式作主语时常表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作。动词-ing形式有时态和语态的变化，且作主语时谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。 Before everything else，getting ready is the secret of success. [谚]做好准备是成功的首要秘诀。 Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. 不给予足够的赞扬和给予太多的赞扬一样有害。 学生用书第61页 Seeing much，suffering much，and studying much are the three main sources of learning. 多见识，多经受，多学习是知识的三大来源。 2．位置：动词-ing形式作主语时，可位于句首和句末。动词-ing形式位于句末时要用it作形式主语。 It is no use buying books but not reading them. 买书而不读是没有意义的。 名师点津： 动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语时，通常有两种形式： ①形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing形式；②名词所有格＋动词-ing形式。 Their coming to help is a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。 Mike's returning to work is a great help to us. 迈克回来工作对我们来说是一大帮助。 [巧学活用1]——单句语法填空 1．Learning (learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future. 2．Traveling along the old Silk Road is(be) an interesting and rewarding experience. 3．Going to bed early and getting(get) up early is a good habit. 4．It's no use complaining(complain) without taking action. 知识点二　动词-ing形式作宾语 动词-ing形式作宾语时，可位于动词之后，也可位于介词之后，具体用法如下： 1．常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词及动词短语： 建议考虑坚持练(suggest，advice，consider，insist on，practise) 允许想象弃冒险(permit，allow，imagine，give up，risk) 阻止抵抗否逃脱(prevent，resist，deny，escape) 不禁介意保持完(can't help，mind，keep，finish) 耽误推迟求原谅(delay，put off，require，forgive，excuse) 承认错过欣喜欢(admit，miss，appreciate，enjoy) I can't imagine living in such a lonely village. 我不能想象生活在一个如此偏僻的村庄。 The naughty boy escaped being punished luckily. 那个淘气的男孩很幸运地逃过了惩罚。 温馨提示 (1)一些表示喜好或开始动作的动词，如like，love，hate，dislike，attempt，begin/start，continue，intend 等，既可接动词-ing形式，又可接动词不定式作宾语，意义差别不是很大；但是forget，remember，regret，try，mean，stop，go on等后跟动词-ing形式或动词不定式时，意义大不相同。 (2)动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语时，如其后有宾语补足语时则可以用it作形式宾语，而将动词-ing形式(短语)后置作真正的宾语。 They found it useless arguing about it. 他们发现争论它没有用。 We consider it worthwhile spending some time reading more books. 我们认为花一些时间多读书是值得的。 (3)在need(需要)，want(想要)，require(需要)后用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。 My coat needs washing.＝My coat needs to be washed. 我的外套需要洗了。 (4)在allow、 advise、 forbid、 permit后跟动词-ing形式作宾语；如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit＋名词/代词＋动词不定式(宾语补足语)”形式。 We don't allow smoking in the hall. 我们不准有人在大厅内吸烟。 They don't allow their daughter to join the club. 他们不允许女儿参加那个俱乐部。 学生用书第62页 2．动词-ing形式作介词的宾语 动词-ing形式位于介词之后，构成介词短语，在句中作定语或状语。 These measures have created conditions for raising the output of steel. 这些措施为提高钢的产量创造了条件。 After looking at his watch，he hurried to the station. 看了看表后，他匆忙赶往车站。 温馨提示 　动词-ing形式的复合结构作宾语，其形式有以下几种：①形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing形式　②名词所有格＋动词-ing形式　③代词宾格＋动词-ing形式　④名词通格＋动词-ing形式。 He left the city without our knowing it. 他离开了这座城市，我们都不知道。 Would you mind my/me using your cellphone? 你介意我用你的手机吗？ I knew nothing about the window being open. 我一点儿不知道窗户开着。 [巧学活用2]——单句语法填空 1．He delayed telling(tell) her the news，waiting for the right moment. 2．The captain isn't willing to risk taking (take) his ship through the straits in such bad weather. 3．The idea seems good，but it needs to be tried/trying(try) out. 4．I dislike him/his (he) speaking to his mother in such a rude way. 知识点三　动词-ing形式作表语 1．作表语的动词-ing形式有时体现的是名词的特性，解释说明主语的内容，且主语和表语可以换位。 What I am tired of is waiting here alone.(＝Waiting here alone is what I am tired of.) 我厌烦独自在这里等。 My job is teaching you English.(＝Teaching you English is my job.) 我的工作是教你们英语。 2．作表语的动词-ing形式有时具有形容词的特征，表示主语的性质或特征，主语和表语不可换位。 The news is encouraging.这条消息令人鼓舞。 The news that the famous poet died is astonishing. 这位著名诗人去世的消息令人感到吃惊。 温馨提示　动词-ing形式作表语表示一般性的动作；动词不定式作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。 His hobby is painting. 他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作) Today what he wants to do is to paint. 今天他想要做的事是画画。(一次具体的动作) 学生用书第63页 His wish is to become an artist. 他的愿望是成为一名艺术家。(将要发生的事) [巧学活用3]——单句语法填空 1．Landing on the moon's far side is extremely challenging (challenge)． 2．My first job was working(work) at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. 3．His performance is very entertaining(entertain)，which brings us much pleasure. 课时测评9　Section Ⅲ　Grammar(1) (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　用所给动词的正确形式填空(每小题1分，共9分) 1．I gave up going(go) to the theatre when I moved out of London. 2．Devoted to reading(read) the novel，he didn't notice me coming in. 3．The speech you delivered is very interesting and encouraging(encourage)． 4．Losing (lose)three tickets to the folk music concert made Ruth so upset. 5．Building(build) up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent. 6．The teacher's explanation of the problem was so confusing (confuse) that most of us couldn't understand. 7．It is agreed that reading (read) widely is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary. 8．I quickly lower myself，ducking(低下头)my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged. 9．When it comes to speaking(speak) in public，no one can match him. 维度二　语法与写作(每小题2分，共10分) 1．经常锻炼有助于你的健康。 Working out regularly is of much benefit to your health. 2．我永远不会忘记第一次参观长城的情景。 I shall never forget visiting the Great Wall for the first time. 3．老师对他今天早上的迟到很生气。 The teacher was angry at his being late this morning. 4．她的工作是尽量保持报告厅干净。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible． 5．尽管结果有点儿令人失望，但他仍专心于他的研究工作。 He is still committed to his research in spite of the fact that the result is a little disappointing． 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题1分，共6分) 用所给动词的正确形式完成语段 I used to like to go to our local cinema.It was old and rather uncomfortable，but it had its own character.Now they've stopped 1.showing (show) films there.The owner would like to go on 2.running(run) the cinema，but he would need to make a lot of improvements，which would mean 3.spending(spend) tens of thousands of pounds. To avoid 4.being damaged(damage) once again，the owner kept 5.reminding(remind) worker again and again.Finally，after spending one month，it was repaired well. Now I remember 6.watching (watch) clearly the last film at the cinema.It was a murder mystery.So I am so lucky. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共35分) A (2024·四川绵阳江油中学高二月考) Life is competitive—some kids can do something faster or better than other kids.This might not seem fair，but all people are different and how well you can do something is different to others.This means there are “winners” and “losers”，and lots of people are neither winners nor losers but in-between.You can choose to be a good winner or an even better loser whether you are competing against others or yourself. Being a good winner No one likes a “show off”． No one likes someone who takes all the praise for the efforts of a team. No one likes people who put others down to make themselves look good. To be a good winner you need to： ◆Be modest(谦虚的)． ◆ Thank those who helped you for their efforts. ◆ Keep trying to improve your skills. ◆Aim for the next step up in whatever you are doing well. Being an even better loser Of course it's disappointing to lose，especially if you are close to winning.Behaving badly or angrily，name-calling and going on about things being “unfair” won't change the final result and will only make you look like a bad sport.And no one likes bad sports either. To be an even better loser you need to： ◆ Behave politely，nicely and kindly. ◆ Congratulate the other team. ◆ Keep any negative (消极的) thoughts to yourself—at least until you are away from the game. It's OK to let out your negative thoughts to your best friend or parents later.And if you don't do very well in a game，try harder to learn for the next one.Improving yourself makes you a winner too. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了如何正确地对待生活中的“输”和“赢”。 1．What should a better loser do when losing? A．Let out his anger to his parents at once. B．Express his negative feelings in the game. C．Try harder to improve himself in the next game. D．Behave badly to his team members or competitors. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据尾段中的“And if you don't do very well in a game，try harder to learn for the next one.”可知，最好的失败者应是在比赛失利后为下场比赛努力学习，以便提升自己。故选C项。 2．Which one is not proper if we succeed? A．Going on improving our skills. B．Telling our team members to aim higher. C．Thanking our team members for their efforts. D．Putting down others to make ourselves look good. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据Being a good winner部分中的“No one likes people who put others down to make themselves look good.”可知，没人喜欢为了自己看起来很好而贬低别人，所以，如果成功了去贬低别人，不是一种合适的做法。故选D项。 3．What is the passage written for? A．Telling us what we can learn from losing. B．Offering advice on what we can do to win. C．Encouraging us to become a winner instead of a loser. D．Giving advice on how to deal with winning and losing. 答案：D 解析：写作目的题。根据首段中的“You can choose to be a good winner or an even better loser whether you are competing against others or yourself.”可知，在人的一生中，都会有输赢，你可以选择成为好的赢家，也可以选择成为一个更好的输家。结合下文中介绍的如何成为好的赢家和更好的输家可知，本文应是就如何处理“输”和“赢”提出的一些相关的建议。故选D项。 B Hunger is the greatest motive for the inexperienced cook.But many people are now worried that we are producing a generation without the slightest idea of how to cook—a generation that is frightened to cook.I have just received a handout from Focus on Food，which is running a competition to get children back into the kitchen.Has television cooking become a replacement for the real thing? Is this an age where famous professional cooks have turned cooking into a sort of show，with dishes far too difficult for the beginners to copy? I decided to ask my oldest daughter，Miranda，for her opinion.Are children learning enough about the importance of good cooking? Do they know cooking is a basic life skill? Sociology and other “new” subjects are all very well，but without the ability to cook，or to understand the pleasure and principles of good food and its relationship to good health，are we really preparing them for adult life? Miranda started her cooking at the age of nine，when she decided to enter the Sainsbury's Future Cook competition.She was motivated by a different kind of greed：the first prize—a trip to Disney World. The problem，from the parental point of view，was that if she made it through to the regional (区域性的) finals，she would have to cook her meal in front of the judges.Some 30，000 children entered and she made it through as the youngest regional finalist.Now she had to learn to cook.Her hands were not even big enough to hold the knife and slice the onions.Six Saturdays running we ate the same lunch—Mozzarella meatballs in fresh tomato juice and blueberry. First，she cooked by my side，then alone with timings and instructions.Finally，she went alone against the clock.The kitchen looked like a battlefield，but she had gained victory.The tiny be-capped figure then stood in an unknown Bristol hotel，looking like a professional who had been at the stove for years.She didn't win，but she came home with ￡50 and the most valuable part of them all：confidence. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者让大女儿参加厨艺比赛，作者认为烹饪是一项基本的生活技能，非常重要。最终女儿虽然没有赢得比赛，但是获得了自信。 4．The competition run by Focus on Food is intended for ． A．children B．parents C．teachers D．chefs 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，“关注食物”组织的比赛主要是针对孩子。故选A项。 5．Why does the writer think cooking is so important? A．It is an easy way to keep healthy. B．It helps develop relationships. C．It is a necessary skill for life. D．It can save a lot of money. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，作者认为烹饪如此重要是因为这是生活的必要技能。故选C项。 6．The writer's family had the same lunch on six Saturdays because ． A．the family stuck to healthy food B．Miranda had to practice cooking C．the dish was the family's only food D．the dish was Miranda's favorite meal 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者的家人在六个星期六吃同样的午餐，是因为Miranda需要练习烹饪。故选B项。 7．What did Miranda gain from the competition? A．A trip to Disney World. B．Support from friends. C．A medal for the winner. D．Belief in herself. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Miranda从比赛中收获了自信。故选D项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2024·河南创新发展联盟高二上开学考试) While the road to success may differ for each individual，there are certain suggestions that can guide you along the way. 1 The first step towards success is to establish clear and specific goals.Take the time to identify your passions，interests，and long-term ambition.Set both short-term and long-term goals that are realistic，measurable and achievable.Having a clear sense of direction will keep you focused and positive. Create a plan.Once you have set your goals，create a well-organized plan.Break down your goals into small，manageable tasks. 2 Put your tasks in order of importance，set deadlines，and regularly review and adjust your plan as needed.Consistency and discipline (自制力) are key to staying on track. Continuous learning.Never stop learning and improving. 3 Whether it's through formal education，workshops，or self-study，invest in acquiring new knowledge and skills.Stay updated with industry trends and advancements，and adapt accordingly.A commitment to lifelong learning will enhance your expertise and open doors to new opportunities. Embrace challenges and take risks.Success often comes with taking calculated risks and stepping out of your comfort zone.Be willing to embrace new challenges，as they provide opportunities for growth and innovation.Overcoming obstacles (阻碍) will develop resilience and build character.Remember，failure is not final. 4 Build a support network.Surround yourself with a supportive and like minded network of individuals who inspire and motivate you. 5 Their guidance，advice，and experiences can provide valuable insights for you and help you get through challenges. In conclusion，success is a personal definition that varies for each individual.With some proper strategies，you can improve your potential and achieve success. A．Set clear goals. B．Keep your own character. C．It's what you are looking for. D．It's a stepping stone towards success. E．Create a timeline to track your progress. F．Stay curious and seek opportunities for your growth. G．Seek teachers who have achieved success in your desired field. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成功的一些建议。 1．答案：A 解析：根据后文“The first step towards success is to establish clear and specific goals.”可知，本段主要介绍通往成功之路的第一步要先建立明确而具体的目标。A选项“设定明确的目标”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选A项。 2．答案：E 解析：根据前文“ Break down your goals into small，manageable tasks.”以及后文“Put your tasks in order of importance，set deadlines，and regularly review and adjust your plan as needed.”可知，此处强调的是把目标分解为小目标，接下来应该是创建时间表，记录实现每个小目标的过程，同时根据任务的重要性将每个小目标排序，定期检查和调整目标计划。E选项“创建一个时间表来记录你的进步”承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。 3．答案：F 解析：根据前文“Never stop learning and improving.”可知，此处强调不要停止学习，要一直不断地提升。F选项“保持好奇心，为自己的成长寻找机会”承接前文，指出保持好奇心为自己的成长寻找机会，符合语境。故选F项。 4．答案：D 解析：根据前文“Remember，failure is not final.”可知，此处强调失败并不是终点，后文应该指出失败的其他作用。D选项“它是通往成功的垫脚石”指出失败是通往成功的垫脚石，经历失败，才能成功，符合语境。故选D项。 5．答案：G 解析：根据下文“Their guidance，advice，and experiences can provide valuable insights for you and help you get through challenges.”可知，此处强调来自于老师的指导、建议和经验可以为你提供有价值的见解，帮助你度过挑战。前文应该指出在你想要成功的领域中向老师寻求建议。G选项“寻找在你想要的领域取得成功的老师”中的teachers与下文的Their相呼应，强调老师的指导、建议和经验在成功路上的重要性，符合语境。故选G项。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2024·河南外国学校高二上期中) Back in business school，self-centred kids like me studied finance.In the life of high intensity，money 1 winning，so those who managed the money would become the 2 ．It didn't matter that I was a woman—I was as 3 as any guy you'd ever met. It took me a lot of years and a lot of experiences to 4 that my view of the world was upside down.The reality is：Finance is for wimps(懦夫)．Finance is the easy part.However，it's much 5 to deal with people.The winners in society are those people who understand how to 6 other people. In my 20s，I worked really hard.I 7 name-brand schools and piled on the degrees.I focused on my climb to the top as a successful real-estate developer.I worked full-time as I was studying，because I was 8 ． Then when I was 31，I got to the top in a way that I never imagined possible.I got the promotion and was 9 the Deputy Mayor of Los Angeles.In that role，I collaborated with leaders from all sectors of society. When my four-year term came to a 10 ，I moved to another world of power and money，as a headhunter for CEOs and other 11 talents for the world's biggest companies. As a result of all these 12 I've had the chance to meet，befriend，and work with leaders from all sectors in countries throughout the world. And here's what I've learned：The leaders are not the people who have the 13 IQ in any organization.They didn't get the highest grades，and they didn't score the highest in exams.They got to the top 14 they have the ability to attract the best people who work for them.And at the root of that power of attraction is empathy(共鸣)．Empathy is the ability to truly connect with other human beings.It's the hardest but most important skill in life.And it's the skill 15 for leadership in a changing world. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文章中主要回顾了自己一路拼搏的历程，在此过程中，作者收获了颇多感悟。 1．A．ignored　　 B．equaled C．combined D．caused 答案：B 解析：根据语境和下文提到的作者转换思想后的观点“The winners in society are those people who understand...”可知，此处强调金钱的重要性，故选B项。 2．A．directors B．heroes C．winners D．losers 答案：C 解析：根据上一题的解析可知此处应选C。 3．A．optimistic B．naughty C．competitive D．practical 答案：C 解析：由下文作者对自身经历的描述可知，作者取得了很多成就，具有竞争力。故选C项。 4．A．realize B．deny C．complain D．debate 答案：A 解析：根据下文“The reality is：Finance is for wimps(懦夫)．Finance is the easy part.”可知，作者的认知有变化。故选A项。 5．A．happier B．simpler C．easier D．harder 答案：D 解析：根据上一句中的easy一词与However体现的转折关系可判断选D。 6．A．care about B．relate to C．depend on D．talk with 答案：B 解析：根据上文中的“deal with people”和最后一段中的“Empathy is the ability to truly connect with other human beings.”可知，此处指了解他人，故选B项。 7．A．attended B．avoided C．left D．escaped 答案：A 解析：根据schools一词和“piled on the degrees”可知，作者20多岁的时候，非常努力，获得了很多学位。因此此处指“上学”。故选A项。 8．A．in a hurry B．in vain C．in surprise D．in the end 答案：A 解析：根据本段描述的作者在20多岁时付出的极大努力可知，作者渴望成功。故选A项。 9．A．appointed B．treated C．awarded D．charged 答案：A 解析：“副市长”是职务，应与appoint搭配。故选A项。 10．A．start B．reputation C．close D．trend 答案：C 解析：根据句意可知，此处表示为“当我四年的任期结束时，我转入了另一个权力与金钱的世界，成了一名为世界最大的公司物色首席执行官和其他顶尖人才的猎头。”start开头；reputation名声；trend趋势，潮流。come to a close意为“结束，终止”。故选C项。 11．A．different B．top C．common D．busy 答案：B 解析：根据CEOs一词及“the world's biggest companies”可知，在此处大公司需要的肯定是顶尖人才。故选B项。 12．A．experiences B．performances C．accidents D．experiments 答案：A 解析：根据上文提及的作者的人生经历和该句中的“As a result of”体现的因果关系可判断此处选A。 13．A．busiest B．lowest C．dullest D．highest 答案：D 解析：根据“They didn't get the highest grades，and they didn't score the highest in exams.”可知，此处指领导者们可能不会拥有最高的智商。故选D项。 14．A．until B．because C．so D．before 答案：B 解析：句意：他们达到了顶峰是因为他们有能力招揽最优秀的人为他们工作。此处表示原因，故选B项。 15．A．required B．remembered C．regarded D．reached 答案：A 解析：由上文可知，共鸣对人而言是颇为重要的能力，因此需要获得这种能力。故选A项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$