Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar 过去完成时 语法串烧 我的发现 Last night，after I had finished①supper，I went to the cinema with Li Hua. When we got to the cinema，the film hadn’t begun②，but most of the audience had taken③their seats. After the film began，the audience quieted down immediately. It was the first time that I had seen④ this new type of film，so I watched it especially attentively. When the movie was over，it had already been⑤10 o’clock at night. The bus had stopped⑥with very few pedestrians on the streets. Li Hua and I had to walk home，and we talked about the movie we had just watched⑦. Finally，I will give my comment：this was the best film I had ever seen⑧and I hadn’t thought⑨it would be so attractive. 1.①②⑤处表示在过去某一时刻或过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作，句中常有after、before、when等引导时间状语从句。 2.④⑧处用于固定句型“It/This/That was the first/second/... time that...意为“这/那是第一/二/……次……” 3.⑨处表示过去未曾实现的想法。 学生用书第15页 一、过去完成时的构成和主要用法 1．构成： 肯定句 主语＋had＋动词-ed形式 否定句 主语＋had＋not＋动词-ed形式 一般疑问句 Had＋主语＋动词-ed形式 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋动词-ed形式 被动语态 主语＋had＋been＋动词-ed形式 She said she had been to Paris before. 她说她以前去过巴黎。 The country had not yet recovered from the effects of the war by then. 到那时这个国家尚未从战争的影响中恢复过来。 Had you ever visited the Great Wall before the middle school? 在上高中前你参观过长城吗？ Why had the film become a memory of generation? 为什么这部电影成为一代人的记忆？ My homework had been finished when my father came back home last night. 昨天晚上当我的父亲回到家时，我的家庭作业已经完成了。 2．主要用法 (1)表示在过去某个时间或动作之前就已经发生的动作，通常简称为“过去的过去”。句中常有by、 by the end of、by the time等介词(短语)和 before、 when、 until等引导的状语从句，也可以通过一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 上周三以前他们已经种了六百棵树。 By the end of last month，the new building had been completed ahead of time. 到上个月底，新大楼已经提前完工了。 (2)表示发生在过去某个动作或时刻之前的动作一直延续到过去的另一个时间，常与for、since等词连用。 I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 我在车站等了20分钟才来了辆公交车。 (3)表示未曾实现的愿望或打算。 表示“意愿、打算”的动词如hope、 mean、 want、 think、 expect、 plan、 intend等的过去完成时表示“原本……(但事实上并没有……)”之意。 The Greens had intended to pay a visit to Xi’an but something unexpected came up. 格林一家本来打算去西安参观，但发生了意想不到的事情。 Making new friends with workmates was not so easy as he had expected． 和同事交朋友并不像他想象的那么容易。 [巧学活用1]——用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．My elder sister had worked(work)in the company for ten years before she changed her job. 2．I had thought(think)we were going to win，but to my disappointment，we were defeated by another team. 3．By the end of last month，we had finished(finish)half of the project. 二、过去完成时在几个重点句型中的应用 1．在no sooner... than...、 hardly... when...句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……；刚……就……”。 No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he came to visit us. 他一到北京就来看我们了。 The girl had hardly rung the bell when the door was opened suddenly. 女孩刚按响铃，门就突然被打开了。 2．在“It was the first/second/... time that...”句型中，从句中用过去完成时。 It was the first time that I had chatted online in English. 这是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。 学生用书第16页 3.在“It was＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型中，从句用过去完成时。 It was at least three months since I had left Beijing. 我离开北京至少有3个月了。 [巧学活用2]——单句语法填空 1．Hardly had he arrived in Shanghai when he rang me up. 2．He said that he had told (tell)Mary about the meeting already. 3．If you hadn’t watched(not watch)that late movie last night，you wouldn’t be so sleepy now. 4．It was the first time that the baby had come(come)down with the flu，causing severe symptoms. 5．I had intended (intend)to say hello to Linda，but she got into her car and drove off before I could say a word. 三、过去完成时、一般过去时以及现在完成时的区别 时态 用法 过去完成时 强调“过去的过去”，即表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，是以过去某一时间为基准的。 一般过去时 以现在时间为基准，表示在过去发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在没有影响。 现在完成时 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作。 He had worked on a farm for 10 years before he became the manager of the company. 在成为公司经理之前，他在农场工作过10年。 He once worked on a farm for 10 years，and now he is the manager of the company. 他曾经在农场工作过10年，现在是这家公司的经理。 I haven’t seen her since she went abroad five years ago. 自从5年前她出国以来我就没有见过她。 【温馨提示】 (1)表示过去某个时间以前所连续发生的两个或两个以上的动作时，一般用and、 then、 but按照动作的先后顺序连接，此时通常用一般过去时而不用过去完成时。 He entered the room，turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进房间，打开灯，坐在桌子旁。 He said he went to the shop and bought some food. 他说他去商店买了一些食品。 (2)当一个由before、 after、 as soon as等引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。 We had breakfast after we did morning exercise. 做完早操后，我们吃早饭。 The train started to move just before he reached the platform. 他刚到月台时火车就要走。 They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields. 他们一到地里就开始耕地。 [巧学活用3]——单句语法填空 1．I closed the window and then left(leave)the room. 2．John told me that he had graduated(graduate)from university three years before. 3．With the aid of our English teacher，we have made(make)great progress this term. 课时测评3　Section Ⅲ　Grammar (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　用所给动词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Nina opened the door and went(go)out with her little dog. 2．When I got on the bus，I realized I had left(leave)my textbook at home. 3．I had intended(intend)to call on you，but I had an unexpected visitor. 4．We had had(have)the car for eight years before we sold it last week. 5．By the end of last week，they had finished(finish)80 percent of the work. 6．He once worked(work)as a teacher for 5 years，but now he is a successful manager. 7．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I hadn’t seen(not see)for years. 8．I arrived at the office in the morning and found that somebody had broken(break)into the office during the night. 9．By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had graduated(graduate)from college. 10．The man said the book had been published(publish)several times by the end of last year. 维度二　语法与写作(每小题2分，共10分) 1．他们本来想要来帮忙的，但未能及时赶到这儿。 They had wanted to help but couldn’t get here in time. 2．很明显，他们都为比赛做了很好的准备。 It was obvious that all of them had made good preparations for the contest. 3．那是我第一次参加这样有意义的活动。 It was the first time that I had taken part in such a meaningful activity． 4．他的儿子跑去看秧苗。令他惊恐的是，它们都枯死了。 His son ran to look at the seedlings. To his horror，all of them had dried up and died. 5．我们刚坐好，怀特太太就进来了，手里拿着书和文件。 Hardly had we settled down into our seats when Mrs. White came in，books and papers in her hand. 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题1分，共8分) 用所给动词的适当形式完成语段 My friend，Andrew，1.had lived (live) in a foreign country for many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and 2.had planned (plan) to settle down in the countryside. He 3.had no sooner returned (return) than he bought a house and went to live there. Almost immediately he 4.began (begin) to complain about the weather，for it was often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine，Andrew got a shock. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. In the end，it was more than he could bear. He 5.had hardly had (have) time to settle down when he sold the house and 6.left (leave) the countryside. The dream he 7.had had (have) for so many years ended there. Andrew made a big mistake because he 8.had thought (think) of everything except the weather. [素能提升练] Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题4分，共32分) A (2024·河北保定市部分高中高二上期中) Geoff Banks and Celesta Byrne met as part of an educational project to put British and American students in contact and they still keep in touch with each other. Centenarians (百岁老人)，Geoff Banks from Devon，Britain，and Celesta Byrne，from the US，started writing to each other at the age of 16 in 1938. The former engineer Geoff even kept in touch with Celesta during WWⅡ. They，now，can talk to each other on the Internet. They recently had their first call giving Geoff a break from putting pen to paper that he said he found difficult at his age. Despite having chatted for decades，the pair have only ever met twice—first in 2002 while Geoff visited New York at the age of 80，and then again two years later. Celesta was living in New Jersey at that time，and then she moved to live near family in Texas. Geoff said，“I had worked abroad for a number of years but had not been to the US for some time. Celesta was in New Jersey，so we decided to meet up in New York for a short Christmas trip. We just talked about daily lives and our families. In one of my early letters，I sent her a copy of a British paper in 1953 which had Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ’s coronation (加冕)on the front of it.” Despite having such a special relationship，the pair deny there was ever any romance there. Both have been married，with Geoff’s wife having passed away in 2011. Geoff is now a great grandfather，having sadly survived his daughter but still having three sons scattered across the world and many more grandchildren. They felt grateful to the educational project，which gave them the chance of being friends. They are friends，like people who live next door. They value their friendship and think it’s nice to hear friends’ voices. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1938年，Geoff Banks和Celesta Byrne相识于一个教育项目。自那时起，他们一直保持着联系。 1．How did Geoff know Celesta? A．By a friend. B．By joining in a party. C．By surfing the Internet. D．By an educational program. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Geoff和 Celesta相识于一个教育项目。故选D项。 2．What was Geoff before he retired? A．A teacher. B．A mechanic. C．An engineer. D．A soldier. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，Geoff曾是一名工程师。故选C项。 3．Where did Celesta live when she met Geoff for the second time? A．In New York. B．In New Jersey. C．In Texas. D．In Devon. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Despite having chatted for decades... live near family in Texas.”可知，Geoff和Celesta只见过两次，第一次是在2002年，第二次是两年后，当时Celesta住在 New Jersey。故选B项。 4．Which word can best describe the friendship between Geoff and Celesta? A．Lasting. B．Odd. C．Complex. D．Ordinary. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章对这对百岁笔友关系的描述，如第二段“Centenarians (百岁老人)，Geoff Banks from Devon... can talk to each other on the Internet.”可推知，他们的友谊是长久的。故选A项。 B Man’s relation with animals is very old. They can be traced back to the beginning of civilization. Man is the best creation and measure of all things. However，this kinship with animals is well established. Darwin believed that man has evolved from monkeys. Thus，they are our ancestors. The friendship between man and animals is more reliable and lasting. Man’s friendship with man may not last long，but it is of permanent nature with the domesticated and pet animals. Domesticated creatures are never ungrateful. They will never turn hostile．That’s why they have been so useful to mankind and live in perfect harmony with us. In western countries cats are very popular as pets，for they kill rats and other rodents and make a good constant company. Dogs are kept for protection and safety. They are matchless in faithfulness and loyalty. They help in hunting，in rearing sheep and in protecting properties. They also help in detecting and tracking thieves and criminals. They are trained for many other purposes as well，including being good guides and rescuing services. Horses are domesticated，for they’re well-known for their speed，strength，faithfulness and an unerring road sense. They are dependable friends both in war and peace. Similarly，elephants have been great and reliable friends of mankind from immemorial times. An elephant is a very intelligent，brave，faithful and hardworking animal. Being an intelligent animal，it never forgets both the acts of kindness and acts of wrongdoing. Donkeys，camels，yaks，bullocks are the beasts of burden. They serve us in a way that none can do. Similarly，the cow is raised for its milk，dung and hide. In western countries cow-meat is also eaten with relish(风味佐料). But in India cow is worshipped by the Hindu as mother and a symbol of holiness，care，affection and innocence. Monkeys are widely used in the discovery of medicines. Whenever a new medicine is discovered，it is first tried on them. Really，these animals are great and reliable friends of ours，without which life would have lost half of its charm and usefulness. We should always be kind to them. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人与动物是关系紧密的朋友。并且列举了猫、狗、马、大象等动物对人类所做的贡献，他们是人类可靠的朋友。 5．Why does the author mention Darwin in paragraph one? A．To illustrate humans have evolved from monkeys. B．To suggest Darwin was a highly accomplished biologist. C．To imply the relation between man and animals is close. D．To show the human civilization has a long history. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Man’s relation with animals is very old.”和“Thus，they are our ancestors.”可推知，这里引用达尔文的话是为了例证人与动物关系亲密。故选C项。 6．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “hostile”？ A．Hospitable. B．Grateful. C．Agreeable. D．Aggressive. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第二至四句可知，这里是说动物与人类关系友好，他们与人类永远不会敌对，画线词与aggressive“好斗的，挑衅的”词义相近。故选D项。 7．What can we know from the article? A．Dogs are domesticated simply to be pets for people. B．Elephants are so intelligent that they can’t be domesticated. C．Horses can find its way home because of their sound sense of direction. D．Cows are worshipped in India as well as in western countries. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，马因为准确的路感而闻名，由此可推知，马可以找到回家的路，因为它们的方向感良好。故选C项。 8．Where can’t we read this passage? A．A science fiction. B．A textbook. C．A magazine. D．The Internet. 答案：A 解析：文章出处题。根据文章第二段第一句及最后一段“Really，these animals are great... its charm and usefulness.”可知，文章主要讲述了人和动物之间的友谊是可靠的，所以文章很有可能来自网络、课本或者杂志，不可能是出自一本科幻小说。故选A项。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2024·河南省开封市高二上学期11月期中) The foundation of any happy relationship is good communication. It deepens the bond between partners by training understanding and trust. However，developing this skill requires both work and a readiness to be open with one another.　1　 Develop active listening.　2　 Giving your full attention to your partner and keeping eye contact are examples of active listening. Avoid asking questions or responding before they have completed speaking. To create a secure environment for real discussion，demonstrate empathy (共情)and understand their feelings. 　3　 Communication is more than just the words that you speak. Good communication takes place in body language，facial expressions，and the tone of voice. When talking about delicate subjects，be open-minded and convey your feelings with a respectful tone of voice. Practice empathy and understanding. Empathy and understanding can go a long way in creating good communication.　4　 Empathy allows you to connect on a deeper level and creates an atmosphere of each other’s support. Engage with your partner without judgment and try to put yourself in their shoes. Schedule regular conversations. Make time for regular conversations to talk about your relationship’s status.　5　 They are also a chance to recognize each other’s accomplishments as well as strengthen your emotional bond. Relationship communication can be improved with work. Learning how to speak with empathy can help you build a solid foundation of trust and understanding. Stay committed to the journey of open communication，and you will find that your bond will grow stronger and deeper over time. A．Pay attention to non-verbal communication. B．Try to respect the other in your communication. C．In fact，a key part of good communication is listening. D．These purposeful discussions offer a chance to address your issues. E．While communicating，make sure that you understand every word the other said. F．Seek to understand your partner’s viewpoint and emotions，even when you disagree. G．Here are some tips to help communicate more effectively and strengthen your relationship. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了建立幸福关系，帮助有效沟通，提供了一些建议。 1．答案：G 解析：上文“The foundation of any happy... to be open with one another.”说明幸福关系的基础是良好的沟通，而沟通需要技巧，选项G“这里有一些建议可以帮助你更有效地沟通，加强你们的关系。”承接上文，引出下列各段内容。故选G项。 2．答案：C 解析：本段主题句“Develop active listening.”说明本段建议积极倾听，选项C“事实上，良好沟通的一个关键部分是倾听。”承接上文，强调良好的沟通关键是倾听。选项中listening和上文词汇重叠，语义一致，故选C项。 3．答案：A 解析：下文“Communication is more than just the words that you speak. Good communication takes place in body language，facial expressions，and the tone of voice.”说明良好的沟通需要肢体语言等非语言的交流，选项A“注意非语言交流。”引领下文，点明本段主题。故选A项。 4．答案：F 解析：上文“Empathy and understanding can go a long way in creating good communication.”及下文“Engage with your partner without judgment and try to put yourself in their shoes.”说明要有同理心并且理解对方，设身处地为他们着想，选项F“试着去理解你伴侣的观点和情感，即使你不同意。”承上启下，说明了即使不同意，也要理解对方的观点和情感，语义一致，故选F项。 5．答案：D 解析：上文“Make time for regular conversations to talk about your relationship’s status.”建议要抽时间沟通关系状况，选项D“这些有目的的讨论提供了一个解决你的问题的机会。”承接上文，说明这些沟通能提供解决问题的机会，下文“They are also a chance to recognize each other’s accomplishments as well as strengthen your emotional bond.”提出这些沟通的另一个作用，与之并列。故选D项。 Ⅲ．完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) The other day I was shopping at a local store and met a lady. She was squatting(蹲坐)on the floor looking for a 　1　 product on the bottom shelf. She jumped up when she saw me as if to 　2　 my way. Feeling sorry，she 　3　 that she was a(n)　4　 at a nearby store and was 　5　 her lunch break，trying to get a few needed items. I told her，“I am in no hurry. Go ahead and do what you need to do.” 　6　 she searched for a particular brand，she said that sometimes 　7　 were rude to her at the store and she really 　8　 my kindness. I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely. I explained to her that I was a retired nurse and 　9　 some of what she was saying first-hand. Sometimes，the sick people could be rude. She thanked me for being so nice and friendly. I told her，“The world would be a 　10　 place if we all acted 　11　．Those who are rude may have bad results coming after them eventually for 　12　 people badly，”She nodded and smiled. In a brief 　13　，I showed her there are good and kind people in the world and may have boosted(增强)her 　14　 in humanity. Maybe she 　15　 that later in the day，perhaps when someone was treating her unkindly. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在商店里偶遇一位正在寻找商品的收银员。在交谈的过程中，收银员提到很多时候受到顾客的无理对待。作者宽慰了对方，并且告诉她：如果我们都能善待他人，这个世界会变得更好。 1．A．certain B．fascinating C．useful D．commercial 答案：A 解析：根据句中“squatting (蹲坐)on the floor looking for”和下文“trying to get a few needed items”可知，这位女士正在寻找某件商品。故选A项。 2．A．keep track of B．head for C．give way to D．get out of 答案：D 解析：根据上文“She was squatting (蹲坐)on the floor”可知，女士蹲坐在地板上，挡住了作者的路，所以她要给作者让路；get out of one’s way“给某人让道”。故选D项。 3．A．added B．reflected C．whispered D．explained 答案：D 解析：根据句中“that she was a(n)______at a nearby store and was______her lunch break，trying to get a few needed items”可知，她在给作者解释自己在做什么。故选D项。 4．A．conductor B．cashier C．waitress D．actress 答案：B 解析：根据下文“sometimes ______ were rude to her at the store”和“I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely.”可知，她是一名收银员。故选B项。 5．A．through B．with C．on D．under 答案：C 解析：根据“she was a(n) ______ at a nearby store”可知，她在附近上班，趁午饭休息时间过来买东西；on lunch break意为“在午饭休息期间”。故选C项。 6．A．Once B．When C．Although D．Before 答案：B 解析：根据句意，她一边寻找某个品牌，一边给作者说话，“她寻找某个品牌”是时间状语从句，用when引导，表示“当……时候”，故选B项。 7．A．employees B．customers C．hosts D．visitors 答案：B 解析：根据下文“I explained to her that I was a retired nurse and ________ some of what she was saying first-hand. Sometimes，the sick people could be rude.”可知，作者用自己做护士时被病人粗鲁对待的事情来安慰收银员，由此推知，收银员在商店里也被自己的服务对象——顾客粗鲁对待。故选B项。 8．A．responded B．admitted C．appreciated D．rejected 答案：C 解析：根据句中“my kindness”可知，对于作者的好意，她心存感激。故选C项。 9．A．realized B．accepted C．understood D．recognized 答案：C 解析：根据下文“Sometimes，the sick people could be rude.”可知，作者当护士时也被病人粗鲁对待，所以对于收银员的遭遇感同身受，能够理解。故选C项。 10．A．cleaner B．stronger C．larger D．better 答案：D 解析：根据句中“The world would be”及下文“if we all acted ________”可知，作者告诉她只要我们都善待他人，世界会变得更好。故选D项。 11．A．frankly B．generously C．happily D．kindly 答案：D 解析：根据上文可知，收银员在商店里被自己的服务对象——顾客粗鲁对待，结合下文“Those who are rude may have bad results coming after them eventually”可知，作者用因果报应的观点来宽慰收银员，所以作者说如果我们善待他人，世界会变得更好。故选D项。 12．A．treating B．scaring C．affecting D．punishing 答案：A 解析：根据上文可知，作者宽慰收银员，说那些粗鲁无礼的人最终会因为对待他人不友好而受到报应。故选A项。 13．A．repetition B．exchange C．performance D．lecture 答案：B 解析：根据上文可知，作者与偶遇的收银员进行了简短的交流。故选B项。 14．A．virtue B．fortune C．faith D．relief 答案：C 解析：根据上文可知，作者告诉收银员如果我们都能善待他人，世界会变得更好，结合上文“She nodded and smiled.”可知，作者的话让她得以释怀，增强了她对人性的信心。故选C项。 15．A．thought about B．watched over C．got through D．brought about 答案：A 解析：根据上文可知，作者告诉收银员如果我们都能善待他人，世界会变得更好，收银员也相信作者的话，增强了她对人性的信心，所以当下次有人对她不友好时，她可能会想到作者所说的话。故选A项。 学生用书第17页 Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 Step Ⅰ　Before listening 词汇热身 1．feedback n. 反馈意见 2．handle vt. 处理(难题)；应付(局面) 3．preference n. 偏爱，偏好 4．upset vt. 使生气，使心烦意乱 　　　　adj. 烦恼的，心烦意乱的 5．ashamed adj. 羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的 6．intention n. 意图，目的；打算 7．demanding adj. 要求严格的；费力的 8．effective adj. 有效的 9．raise vt. 提出，提起 10．highlight vt. 标出；突出显示 11．tense n. 时态 12．manner n. 方式，方法 13．sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的 Step Ⅱ　While listening Listen to the conversations and choose the best answer. Conversation 1 听教材P105的第一段对话，回答第1至3题。 1．What’s the dialogue’s topic? A．Emotion. B．Feedback. C．Relationships. 2．How many students are interviewed? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 3．Which student think his teacher’s feedback was negative? A．S3. B．S2. C．S1. Conversation 2 听教材P105的第二段对话，回答第4至5题。 4．Why does Jones think it effective to point out the students’ questions directly? A．Because it can give students more time to think. B．Because it can provide students more information. C．Because it can make students understand points immediately. 5．How do deal with the shy and sensitive students? A．Give their more practical suggestions. B．Let them finish their feedback on their own. C．Point out their mistakes in a less direct manner. 答案：1－5 BBCCC Step Ⅲ　Post listening Amy和Dave就父母与孩子之间的关系进行了交流，并讲述了与父母之间的情况。请根据提示完成对话。 Amy：Dave，some people say parents and children should be friends. If you ask me，it is somewhat “dangerous” for both of them. If they’re no strict rules in this relationship，the children may become troublemakers. Dave：1.You know what(你知道吗)，Amy，there are two kinds of family atmospheres in my house. Amy：2.What do you mean(你是什么意思)? Dave：My father always pays attention to my study. I hardly see him smile. My mother would patiently listen to me about what happened at school. She also teaches me 3.how to get along well with my classmates(如何与我的同学们和睦相处). 学生用书第18页 Amy: You must be afraid of your father. Dave：4.That’s not true(事实并非那样). I never complain about my father. I deeply respect him. He was so strict with me that I achieved success. Amy：You have a happy family and perfect parents. My parents don’t love me，I think. Dave：5.I can’t agree with you(我不赞同你). You never lack the company of your parents. No one wants to spend their time with someone they don’t love. You just need effective communication. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 handle vt.处理(难题)；应付(局面) (教材原句)to be handled carefully小心处理 (1)handle with care 小心轻放 (2)get a handle on sth 开始掌握/了解某事 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①A new man was appointed to handle (handle)the crisis. ②We hold the belief that the affairs of a given country must be handled (handle)by its own people. ③I used to be terrible at maths but after lots of hard work I think I’ve got a handle on it now. ④小心轻放，否则酸会溢出来。 Handle with care，or the acid may get out. preference n．偏爱，偏好 (教材原句)to depend on personal preference取决于个人偏好 【温馨提示】 (1)prefer不用于进行时； (2)prefer的过去式和过去分词均为preferred，动词-ing形式为preferring； (3)prefer本身含有比较含义，相当于like better，故不可与比较级连用；prefer(doing)sth to(doing)sth 中的to是介词，to前后分别用平行的名词、代词或动词-ing形式； (4)表示“宁愿做……而不愿做……”的其他句型： would do sth rather than do sth would rather do sth than do sth (1)have a preference for 对……有偏爱 give (a) preference to 给……以优惠 in preference to 而不是；优先于 (2)prefer vt. 较喜欢；喜欢……多于…… prefer sth to sth 比起……更喜欢…… prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事, 宁愿做……而,不愿做…… 单句语法填空/读后续写之人物描写/同义句转换 ①I became a teacher because I preferred books and people to politics. ②Now that you have a preference (prefer)for traditional Chinese culture，you had better not miss the chance. (邀请信) 学生用书第19页 ③Many people who work in London prefer to live(live)outside it，and to go to their offices every day by train，car or bus. ④她被选中了，而不是她妹妹。 She was chosen in preference to her sister. ⑤Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors. →Nowadays many children prefer to surf the Internet at home rather than take exercise outdoors． upset adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 vt.使生气，使心烦意乱 (教材原句)to get upset感到心烦 【温馨提示】　upset作动词时，过去式和过去分词形式皆为upset；其动词-ing形式为upsetting。 单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)be upset about/over/at sth 为某事烦心/难过 be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安/难过 (2)What upset(s) sb is... 让某人心烦的是…… It upset(s)sb to do sth/that ... 做某事让人心烦/让某人心烦的是…… ①Tony became upset about/over/at what happened to the couple. ②It upset her to hear (hear)that the holiday had been canceled. ③I was very upset to find (find)out that he didn’t like my gift at all. ④最让我烦恼的是我在英语写作方面有很大的困难。(求助信) →It upset me most that I had great difficulty with English writing.(it作形式主语) →What upset me most was that I had great difficulty with English writing.(主语从句) ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的 (教材原句)to feel hurt/ashamed/discouraged感到受伤/羞愧/沮丧 (1)be/feel ashamed of (doing)sth 对(做)某事感到羞耻 be/feel ashamed of oneself for doing sth 因做某事而感到羞耻/羞愧 be ashamed to do sth 以做某事为耻；羞于做某事 (2)shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧；令人惋惜的事； 让人遗憾的事(→pity) in shame 羞愧地 to one’s shame 使某人惭愧的是 It’s a shame(that)... 令人遗憾的是…… What a shame! 真遗憾！/真可惜！/真可耻！ (3)shameful adj. 可耻的，丢脸的 单句语法填空/读后续写之语言描写 ①I was ashamed to tell (tell) him that I had failed. ②It was shameful (shame) that she was treated that way. ③To my shame，I refused to listen to her side of the story. ④After they finished the work，Sara and I walked in shame to apologize for judging them. ⑤When asked about my English grades，I was ashamed of telling her the truth. ⑥“我打算重建我爸爸的农舍并维护它。真可惜我永远也做不到，”他叹了口气。 “I was going to rebuild my dad’s farmhouse and maintain it. It’s a shame that I could never do it，” he sighed. 学生用书第20页 intention n．意图，目的；打算 (教材原句)But I do understand my teacher’s intention．但我确实理解老师的意图。 (1)have no intention of doing sth 无意做某事 with the intention of 打算…… (2)intend vt. 想要，打算；计划 intend to do sth/intend doing sth 打算做某事 intend to have done sth/had intended to do sth 原本想做某事 intend sb to do sth 打算要某人做某事 be intended for... 为……打算(或设计) 单句语法填空/应用文写作之道歉信 ①It was meant to be a surprise and I didn’t intend you to see (see) it so soon. ②The activity was held with the intention (intend)of providing help for homeless people.(活动介绍) ③He had intended (intend)to get a job in the media，but gave up the plan after that unpleasant experience. ④我本打算这个周末和你一起出去，但发生了一件意想不到的事。所以我写信向你道歉。 I had intended to go out with you this weekend but something unexpected happened. So I’m writing to apologize to you. demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的 (教材原句)She is very strict and demanding because she wants us to be better learners. 她非常严格，要求很高，因为她想让我们成为更好的学习者。 demand v．& n. 要求，请求 demand that... 要求……，请求……(虚拟语气) demand to do sth 要求做某事 sth demand doing＝sth demand to be done 某事(物)需要被做 in demand 非常需要的 meet/satisfy the demand of... 满足……的要求 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信/词汇升级 ①“Yes! You are indeed too demanding (demand)，”Kennedi said.(语言描写) ②The employees demanded that their wages (should) be raised (raise). ③One day，his teacher finally demanded to know (know)what was going on with him. ④The annoyed designer entered the hall and demanded to be told/telling (tell)the truth. ⑤为了解决这个问题，我们应该满足顾客提出的需求。 To solve the problem，we should meet/satisfy the demand made by the customers. ⑥The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are needed greatly in this city. →The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are in great demand in this city. manner n．方式，方法 (教材原句)I can agree with you about that，but to be more helpful，if we need to give negative feedback，we should do it in a less direct manner，especially to those who are shy or sensitive. 我可能同意你的看法，但为了更有帮助，如果我们需要给予负面反馈，我们应该以一种不那么直接的方式来做，特别是对那些内向或敏感的人。 【温馨提示】　当manner意为“方式；方法；举止；态度”时，常用单数形式；当意为“礼貌；礼仪；习俗”时，常用复数形式。 in a(n)... manner 以……的方式 have good/bad manners 有/无礼貌 It’s good/bad manners to do sth 做某事有/无礼貌 table manners 餐桌礼仪 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①It’s wrong of you to speak to the old in a rude manner. 学生用书第21页 ②It is good manners (manner)to say goodbye when you leave. ③The manner in which the decision was announced was extremely regrettable. ④打断别人说话是不礼貌的。 It is bad manners to interrupt others while they are talking. Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：wish＋(that)从句 (教材原句)I really wish she could be less direct and more encouraging. 我真的希望她能少一点直接，多一点鼓励。 【温馨提示】 (1)与现在事实相反时，从句中的be动词一律用were。 (2)与将来事实相反时，从句中的谓语动词用would/could＋动词原形，不用might或should。 wish＋(that)从句意为“但愿……”。该句式中wish后跟that引导的宾语从句(that可以省略)，表示某种强烈而又难以实现的愿望，从句中要用虚拟语气。 (1)对现在情况的虚拟：wish＋主语＋动词过去式(be用were)。 (2)对过去情况的虚拟：wish＋主语＋had＋过去分词。 (3)对将来情况的虚拟：wish＋主语＋would/could＋动词原形。 完成句子 ①我数学考试不及格。我多么希望我以前听从老师的建议。(应用文写作之建议信) I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I had taken my teacher’s advice before． ②然后阿什利回答说：“我知道，我希望她不要打扰我们。”(读后续写之语言描写) Then Ashley replied，“I know，I wish she would leave us alone．” 课时测评4　Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语或首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共5分) 1．We can handle (处理) the situation as long as we remain calm. 2．Her manner (方式) of speaking is direct to the point of rudeness. 3．This decision is likely to upset (使生气) a lot of people. 4．I’ve highlighted (标出) the important words and phrases of the passage in yellow. 5．I really felt ashamed of failing to lend a hand to my neighbour when he was in need. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Every morning，I get up early，with the intention of doing (do)exercise in the park. 2．You can’t depend on your parents to keep giving you money. 3．I felt incredibly ashamed (shame) of myself for getting so angry. 4．A gentleman with good manners (manner) will be respected by others. 5．We are often ashamed of our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures. 6．It’s a demanding (demand) role and she has to work hard at it. 7．As the price of gas rises at an alarming rate，new energy vehicles are in greater demand. 8．The government should take effective (effect) measures to live through this economical crisis. 9．What upsets (upset) me most is that sometimes I lack confidence，which results in failure. 10．The man has a preference for Renaissance paintings，especially the works of Leonardo da Vinci. 维度三　完成句子/同义句转换(每小题5分，共15分) 1．但愿我的家乡四季如春。 I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year round. 2．他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。 He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts． 3．It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it. →What upset him was that nobody had bothered to tell him about it. [素能提升练] Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2024·广西钦州灵山中学高二开学考试) Sometimes the people least likely to engage with Twitter，Facebook，Instagram，or Zoom are the people who can benefit from it the most. The “silent generation”，or those born between 1928 and 1945，aren’t usually mentioned alongside the likes of Twitter，Facebook，and Instagram. A study this year said that 45 percent of people over 65 use social media sites. Yet，for the majority of seniors，it is more about gathering information than sharing things about themselves. For example，AARP has pointed out that Facebook’s largest function for older folks has been helping them keep in touch with their families，especially their grandchildren. But this doesn’t really reflect the digital connectivity (连接) many elders are experiencing. BJ，a friend who just turned 80，does not own a computer，yet he’s one of the 4 out of 10 seniors with a smartphone，which never leaves his side. For him social media is purely social—no grandkids，just people from every stage of his eight decades. It has kept him youthful and connected. He has figured out how to make Facebook and Instagram work for him by asking his younger friends for help when he gets stuck. Jesse Epstein，who has been teaching in a college for 44 years. He moved to Costa Rica with his wife and young child four years ago when he was 70.“I wouldn’t be able to live the life I now lead without the assistance of Zoom，Google Classroom，WhatsApp，and Microsoft Teams，” Epstein tells me on the phone，speaking from his home in Tamarindo.“My current students are all masters-level schoolteachers. I use Zoom to observe and evaluate how well they incorporate (融入) these technologies into their lessons live in the classroom. I was surprised by how much more attentive students seemed to be online than they typically were in the classroom receiving the same material.” He keeps in touch in a very real way with friends he’s known for decades.“Networking technologies have supported all my life choices and helped me and my family achieve a level of freedom and independence which I didn’t think was possible for someone in their mid-seventies，” he adds. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了网络让老年人不再是“沉默的一代”，而是让他们变得年轻、自由和独立。 1．Why are the elderly called the “silent generation”？ A．They hardly share personal experiences online. B．They are too shy to deliver a speech in public. C．They never keep in touch with others online. D．They are unfortunately speech-impaired. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“A study this year... than sharing things about themselves.”可知，老年人之所以被称为是“沉默的一代”，是因为他们不在网络上分享自己的事情。故选A项。 2．Why does the author take BJ as an example? A．To express good attitudes towards life. B．To explore possible ways to stay young. C．To reflect the popularity of Facebook. D．To show the real social connection. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“It has kept him youthful and connected.”可知，作者以BJ为例子是为了举例说明老年人利用网络进行社交，展示了真实的社交联系。故选D项。 3．Which is not the benefit of networking technologies according to Jesse Epstein? A．Students are more likely to concentrate on the class. B．All his life choices are backed by online technologies. C．He can improve his teaching skills and methods. D．His family members have freedom and independence. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“I use Zoom to observe and evaluate how well they incorporate(融入)these technologies into their lessons live in the classroom.”和最后一段“He keeps in touch in a very real way with friends he’s known for decades.”可知，杰西·爱泼斯坦认为，有了网络技术，他的学生们更有可能集中精力上课，他所有的人生选择都有网络技术支持，并且他的家庭成员享有自由和独立，但是没有谈到提高他自己的教学技巧和方法。故选C项。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Social Media Gives the Silent Generation a Voice B．Social Apps Are Welcomed by People of All Ages C．Networking Technologies Are a Double-edged Sword D．The Silent Generation Are Eager for Connectivity 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可推知，本篇文章主要讲述网络让老年人变得年轻、自由和独立，所以A项“社交媒体让沉默的一代发声”最适合作本文标题。故选A项。 B In the past year，Jeanne Raitt has had many roles while working with medical students at the KU School of Medicine-Wichita. She’s been the mom of a 5-year-old son with a serious illness，a patient relying on pain medication，and the daughter of a woman diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Raitt is among 85 Wichitans who participate in the school’s standardized patient program. She and others in the program have been trained by staff at the Wichita campus’ standardized patient center to role-play patients or family members. The sessions enable students to practice their skills in taking medical histories，communication，interpersonal relationships，and their ability to handle sensitive issues and embarrassing situations. “We provide a safe environment for students to practice their clinical skills before they see actual patients，” explains Jennifer Brantley，assistant director of the standardized patient center. Take the case of 55-year-old Ellen Humphries，a college professor who is being seen for abdominal (腹部的) pain. After an exam，students and professors discuss how to treat someone like Ellen，who is educated，well-known in the community，and who isn’t willing to stick to medical recommendations. “This is a great way to give medical students hands-on learning and training，” says Raitt.“I love watching how students learn about the variety of the cases and seeing how willing they are to accept feedback from us. Plus，it’s a bonus to get a little checkup now and then.” For Natashia Gafford，being a standardized patient has provided her with reassurance that future doctors will be able to handle different situations. Gafford，who is the mother of six boys，particularly likes it when her role-playing corresponds with real-life issues she can relate to，such as advocating for her children’s health.“It puts my mind at ease as a parent to know that doctors will learn how to take parents into consideration，” she says. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学校标准化患者计划，使学生能够练习他们的病历记录、沟通人际关系以及处理敏感问题和尴尬情况的能力。 5．What did Raitt experience last year? A．She took part in a medical program. B．Her son suffered from a serious illness. C．She relied on pain killer to relieve pain. D．Her mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Raitt is among 85 Wichitans who participate in the school’s standardized patient program.”可知，瑞特去年参加了一个医学项目。故选A项。 6．What is RIGHT about Humphries? A．She suffered from very rare abdominal pain. B．She refuses to follow doctors’ advice. C．She is a well-educated doctor herself. D．She enjoys a not good reputation in her neighborhood. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“After an exam... medical recommendations.”可知， Humphries拒绝听从医生的建议。故选B项。 7．What does Gafford say about her role-playing experience? A．It arouses her interest in medicine. B．It builds her confidence in doctors. C．It helps her recognize common childhood illnesses. D．It offers her a bonus of regular checkups. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For Natashia Gafford... to handle different situations．”可推知，Gafford对她的角色扮演经历的评价是：这建立了她对医生的信心。故选B项。 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．How to become a doctor：A step-by-step guide B．Doctor-patient relationship：A technical model C．Why sticking to medical recommendations matters D．Standardized patients teach skills and sympathy 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了学校标准化患者计划，珍妮·雷特和其他参与该项目的人员在威奇托校区的标准化患者中心接受了角色扮演患者或家庭成员的培训。这使学生能够练习他们的病历记录、沟通人际关系以及处理敏感问题和尴尬情况的能力。所以D项“标准化的病人传授技能和同情心”能概括文章内容，适合作文章标题。故选D项。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2024·辽宁抚顺高二期中) Mr. Charles is a beloved Berkeley County School District bus driver. He 　1　 more than 70 students during the morning and afternoon 　2　 routes daily. Kameron was among them. Kameron’s kindergarten experience　3　behavioral challenges，leading him to frequent visits to the principal’s office. Noticing Kameron’s 　4　，Mr. Charles decided to step in and offer his support. He affectionately called Kameron his “little buddy (兄弟)” and made a　5　 with him. If Kameron　6　well，Mr. Charles would reward him with a(n)　7　 every Friday，marking the beginning of their heartwarming story of friendship. Stephanie Williams，a special education teacher at Cane Bay Elementary，started accompanying (陪同)Kameron to the bus at the end of each school day. Since then，Kameron’s behavior　8　significantly. He became more open to new experiences and showed remarkable 　9　．Their friendship developed through shared conversations，small gestures，and the weekly surprises Mr. Charles 　10　 prepared for his “little buddy”．The 　11　 regularly enjoy outings to McDonald’s and ice cream. Mr. Charles even 　12　 Kameron’s baseball games on the weekends. Mr. Charles expresses 　13　 affection for Kameron and hopes their friendship remains strong. Thanks to the 　14　 connection he shared with Mr. Charles，Kameron　15　．What was once a challenging situation is becoming a journey of growth，positivity，and friendship. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了校车司机Charles在注意到男孩Kameron由于表现不好经常被叫去校长办公室后，决定介入并提供支持，在他的帮助下Kameron取得了显著的进步，而且他们之间也建立了深厚的感情与友谊。 1．A．transported B．taught C．observed D．brought 答案：A 解析：根据上文“Mr. Charles is a beloved Berkeley County School District bus driver.”可知，Charles是一位校车司机，每天接送70多名学生。故选A项。 2．A．life B．travel C．truck D．bus 答案：D 解析：根据上文“Mr. Charles is a beloved Berkeley County School District bus driver.”可知，Charles是一位校车司机，每天上下午在校车路线上接送学生。故选D项。 3．A．ended up B．broke into C．began with D．got off 答案：C 解析：根据句中“Kameron’s kindergarten experience”以及“leading him to frequent visits to the principal’s office”可知，Kameron进入幼儿园以来有很多负面的挑战性行为，这导致他经常被叫去校长办公室。began with“以……开始”符合语境。故选C项。 4．A．contents B．struggles C．regrets D．concerns 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Kameron’s kindergarten experience ____behavioral challenges，leading him to frequent visits to the principal’s office.”可知，此句指的是Charles注意到Kameron在经常出现挑战性行为被叫去校长办公室这一困境中挣扎后，决定去帮助Kameron。struggle“难事”符合语境。故选B项。 5．A．deal B．friend C．date D．plan 答案：A 解析：根据下文“If Kameron ____well，Mr. Charles would reward him with a(n)____ every Friday”可知，Charles与Kameron达成协议。故选A项。 6．A．behaved B．studied C．worked D．suited 答案：A 解析：根据上文“Kameron’s kindergarten experience ____ behavioral challenges，leading him to frequent visits to the principal’s office.”可知，上幼儿园以来Kameron一直表现不好，Charles为了帮助他，与他达成了交易，如果Kameron表现得好，Charles就会给他奖励。故选A项。 7．A．tablet B．surprise C．recipe D．opportunity 答案：B 解析：根据下文“Their friendship developed through shared conversations，small gestures，and the weekly surprises Mr. Charles ____ prepared for his ‘little buddy’．”可知，如果Kameron表现得好，Charles就会每周五给他一个惊喜作为奖励。故选B项。 8．A．displayed B．succeeded C．improved D．disappeared 答案：C 解析：根据下文“He became more open to new experiences and showed remarkable ____．”可知，Kameron比以前表现得好，他比以前有了明显的进步和改善。故选C项。 9．A．comparison B．difference C．achievement D．progress 答案：D 解析：根据句中“became more open to new experiences”可知，Kameron比以前有了明显的进步。故选D项。 10．A．calmly B．lovingly C．patiently D．effortlessly 答案：B 解析：根据下文“The ____regularly enjoy outings to McDonald’s and ice cream. Mr. Charles even ____Kameron’s baseball games on the weekends.”可知，为了奖励Kameron表现得好，Charles精心准备每周的惊喜。故选B项。 11．A．family B．team C．pair D．group 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Their friendship developed”可知，此处指Mr. Charles和Kameron这对好朋友经常去吃麦当劳和冰淇淋。故选C项。 12．A．attends B．coaches C．sponsors D．organizes 答案：A 解析：根据“Kameron’s baseball games on the weekends”可知，Charles甚至在周末去看Kameron的棒球比赛。attend“出席，参加”符合语境。故选A项。 13．A．long B．high C．broad D．deep 答案：D 解析：根据句意可知，Charles向Kameron表达了深厚的感情，并希望他们的友谊永远牢固。故选D项。 14．A．common B．caring C．rare D．previous 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Mr. Charles decided to step in and offer his support”、“marking the beginning of their heartwarming story of friendship”以及“Mr. Charles expresses ____affection for Kameron and hopes their friendship remains strong.”可知，在Charles的关心和帮助下，Kameron 取得了很大的进步，而且他们之间形成了深厚的感情与友谊。caring“关心他人的，充满关爱的”符合语境。故选B项。 15．A．quitted B．grew C．laughed D．changed 答案：D 解析：根据上文“Since then，Kameron’s behavior ____significantly. He became more open to new experiences and showed remarkable ____．”以及下文“What was once a challenging situation is becoming a journey of growth，positivity，and friendship.”可知，在Charles的关爱和帮助下，Kameron得到了很大的改变，取得了非常明显的进步。故选D项。 Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 Step One：Pre-reading Look at the picture and answer the following questions. 1．What roles do social networking and the Internet play in your daily life? What do you use them for? Social networking and the Internet play an important part in my daily life. I chat with friends and watch videos. 2．How many online friends do you have? Do social networking and the Internet help improve your relationships with others? Give some examples. I have more than 300 online friends. I think that social networking and the Internet help improve my relationships with my friends. For example, one of my best friends went abroad when I was in junior secondary school. The only way that I can contact her is via the Internet. I always chat with her and we talk about our lives with each other. 学生用书第22页 Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ．Read for the main idea What’s the main idea of the text? A．The impact of social networking on people’s lives. B．Some of Mark’s problems in making friends. C．The ways to get rid of Internet addiction. D．The benefits of social networking. 答案：A Ⅱ．Match the main idea with each paragraph Para.1 A．The whole thing about Mark in the social networking. Paras.2－3 B．Describes in detail some of Mark’s difficulties in using social networking. Paras.4－6 C．Specifically describes the impact of social networking on Mark. Paras.7－8 D．The reasons Mark can’t drop social networking. 答案：Para.1 A　Paras.2－3 C　Paras.4－6 B　Paras.7－8 D Ⅲ．Read for the structure Ⅳ．Read for details 1．What is Mark busy doing with his phone and laptop? A．Posting updates. B．Watching TV. C．Reading his emails and answering text messages. D．Spending most time on social media. 2．How does Mark feel actually? A．Satisfied. B．Fruitful. C．Lonely. D．Friendly. 3．What controls Mark’s life in so many ways? A．Social networking. B．His family. C．His homework. D．His community. 4．Why does Mark say“we are more disconnected than ever”？ A．Social networking makes people far from their related people. B．Social networking helps people communicate with each other. C．Social networking makes people related to each other. D．Social networking stops the society advancing. 答案：1～4 DCAA Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ．难句解构 [尝试翻译]　我的手机和笔记本电脑一直在触手可及的地方，所以我(可以)不断地在社交媒体上发表最新信息——无论是在喝咖啡，上学的路上，看电视……甚至在洗澡的时候。 [尝试翻译]　因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以我一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情：家庭作业、任务、以及用有意义的方式与我的朋友和家人联系。 Ⅱ．佳句仿写 1．[教材佳句]　I constantly feel depressed，dissatisfied and alone. (心理描写) 学生用书第23页 [学后仿写]　露西又惊讶又害怕，挣扎了很长一段时间，最后睡着了。 Surprised and frightened，Lucy struggled for a long time and fell asleep in the end. 2．[教材佳句]　As soon as I open my eyes in the morning，I check through all my social networking apps，read my emails and answer text messages. (动作描写) [学后仿写]　听到哭声，亨利跑到河边，脱下衣服，迅速地跳进了水里。 Hearing the cry，Henry ran to the riverside，threw off his clothes and jumped into the water quickly． Ⅲ．品质升华 1．Why does Mark say we are more disconnected than ever? (Critical Thinking批判性思维) Although people have many friends and keep in touch with each other frequently，the lack of face-to-face communication leads to estrangement between people. 2．How do phones drive people further away？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) Mobile phones reduce the opportunities for people to communicate face to face. Long-term contact through mobile phones will lead to people paying too much attention to mobile phones instead of people. ◎ ①socialise with...与……交往 socialise/'səʊʃəlaɪz/vi.交友；交际；交往 ②laptop/'læptɒp/n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 ③touching distance 触手可及的距离 ④constantly/'kɒnstəntli/adv.持续不断地 ⑤post updates on social media 在社交媒体上发表最新信息 update n．最新消息 vt.更新；向……提供最新信息 ⑥check through 仔细检查，核对，核查 ⑦social networking apps 社交网络应用程序 app/æp/n.应用程序 ⑧all over again 重新做起，从头再来 ⑨dorm/dɔːm/n.寝室，学生宿舍 ⑩never-ending adj.永无止境的，没完没了的 associate with与某人交往 associate/ə'səʊʃieɪt/vt.与某人交往 barely/'beəli/adv.几乎不 way 在此为副词，表示“很远，大量”。 reserved/rɪ'zɜːvd/adj.含蓄的；内敛的 wire sb up(to sth)将某人连接到(某设备) wired/waɪəd/adj.联网的；极其兴奋的 on the surface 表面上，从外表看，乍一看 distracted/dɪ'stræktɪd/adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的 distract/dɪ'strækt/vt.转移(注意力)，分散(思想)，使分心 in reality 事实上，实际上 reality/ri'æləti/n.现实；真实 obsess over 对……过分担心 obsess/əb'ses/vt.使迷恋 mate/meɪt/n.朋友，伙伴 dominate/'dɒməneɪt/vi.& vt.主宰，支配，控制 deadline/'dedlaɪn/n.截止日期，最后期限 set deadlines 设定截止期限 scroll/skrəʊl/vi.上下滚动 stimulation/'stɪmjə'leɪʃn/n.刺激 chase/tʃeɪs/vi.& vt.努力赢得 n．追逐，追赶 rather than 而不是 be desperate to do sth 极想做某事 desperate/'despərət/adj.拼命的；绝望的 intense/ɪn'tens/adj.紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的 depressed/dɪ'prest/adj.沮丧的，忧愁的 delay/dɪ'leɪ/vi.&vt.推迟，延期 connect with sb 与某人建立关系/沟通 chatter away 喋喋不休 chatter/'tʃætə/vi.唠叨，喋喋不休 end up 最后处于，最终成为 bend/bend/vi.& vt.弯腰；俯身 extraordinary/ɪk'strɔːdənəri/adj. 令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 rude/ruːd/adj.无礼的 complain/kəm'pleɪn/vi.&vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚 charge vt.给……充电；指控 go cold turkey(俚语)放弃做某件事，戒掉坏习惯 appointment/ə'pɔɪntmənt/n.约定；约会 alcoholic/ˌælkə'hɒlɪk/n.酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj.(含)酒精的 quit drinking 戒酒 quit doing sth停止做某事 booze/buːz/n.酒 hard-wired/hɑːdwaɪəd/adj.硬件控制的；天生的 ◎ SO CLOSE，YET SO FAR Mark never stops socialising with① his friends online. But he’s also never felt more alone.[1] [1]本句使用了“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义。 Where am I? What am I doing? If you’re one of my 500 friends online，you’ll always be the first to know. My phone and laptop② are never out of touching distance③， so I’m constantly④ posting updates on social media⑤—whether I’m having a coffee，on my way to school，watching TV... even when I’m in the shower. [2] As soon as I open my eyes in the morning，I check through⑥ all my social networking apps⑦，read my emails and answer text messages. I do the same thing all over again⑧ while I’m having breakfast. [2]本句为连词 so 连接的并列句，表示因果关系。whether引导让步状语从句(whether I’m having... watching TV...)和when 引导的时间状语从句(when I’m in the shower)是对I’m constantly posting updates on social media 作进一步说明。 I live in a university dorm⑨ with a couple of great roommates. I have a never-ending⑩ flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online. Yet the truth of the matter is：I feel lonely. I’m barely the only person who feels this way. According to research，over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”．[3] I’m way beyond a shy or reserved person，but I’m wired upevery day，like most of my friends. On the surface，I have an active social life. I attend parties and play sports but I’m always distracted. They say that phones bring people closer together but in reality， my mind is always a million miles away.[4]I obsess over exactly how many followers I have on my account，but I can’t remember the birthdays of some of my oldest mates. 学生用书第24页 [3]画线部分属于“find＋it＋形容词＋to do”结构，本句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语是真正的宾语。 [4]本句为but连接的并列复合句。that phones... together 为that引导的宾语从句，作动词say的宾语。 Social networking dominates my life in so many ways. Sometimes I set deadlines for myself：I will start doing my homework at 8 pm，and aim to finish in two hours. At 7.50 pm，I’m still scrolling through my friends’ silly posts and photos. Before I know it，it’s 9.30 pm and I still haven’t moved an inch from the sofa. I download song after song，video after video，but I’m not really paying attention. The stimulation is in chasing after the next song rather than truly enjoying it. My friends try to drag me away from my phone，but as soon as I’m alone again，I’m desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides.[5] [5]本句为but 连接的并列句。在第二分句中，as soon as 引导时间状语从句，that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词activity。 I constantly feel depressed，dissatisfied and alone. Since I spend so much time socialising online，I keep delaying things that are important in my real life：homework，tasks，connecting with my friends and family members in a meaningful way.[6] It’s funny that my friends and I chatter away online so much，but we end up having nothing to say when we meet. [6]本句是一个复合句。Since 引导原因状语从句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词things，冒号后的内容解释说明things的具体内容。 学生用书第25页 A few days ago，I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. My best friend left the table for 30 minutes because he had to take a call. Some spent the dinner bending over their phones，texting friends online but ignoring the ones who sat right in front of them. [7]And the extraordinary thing is nobody thought this was rude；it’s just how life is nowadays. On a family holiday last summer，my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone. When it was charged，she just spent hours reading about her favourite popstar；not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window.[8] [7]动词-ing形式短语 bending over their phones，texting... online，ignoring... front of them 作方式状语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the ones。 [8]此处为否定词 not 置于句首引起句子的部分倒装。 What is really worrying is that no one I know，including myself，could go cold turkey.[9]I can’t even imagine going without social networking for a week—think of all the important appointments，invitations and news updates you would miss! Alcoholics who want to quit drinking can avoid booze，but how do we give up our phones? After all，I need it for my studies because my teachers and classmates need to contact me at any time. [9]本句主干为主系表结构。What引导主语从句，that引导表语从句，省略关系代词who/whom/that的定语从句I know修饰先行词one。 So，that’s the problem with social networking. We’re hard-wired in，but we’re more disconnected than ever. ◎ 这么近，但又那么远 马克从未间断与朋友们的网上交往。但他却也从未感到如此孤独。 我在哪里？我在做什么？如果你是我的500个网友之一，你总会第一个知道。我的手机和笔记本电脑一直在触手可及的地方，所以我(可以)不断地在社交媒体上发表最新信息——无论是在喝咖啡，上学的路上，看电视……甚至在洗澡的时候。早上一睁开眼，我就会查看所有社交网络应用程序，阅读电子邮件并回复短信。我在吃早餐的时候会再做一遍这些事情。 学生用书第26页 我和几个很好的室友一起住在大学宿舍里。我总是不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。然而事实却是：我感到孤独。 我不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人。研究显示，超过三分之二的年轻人认为在网上交朋友比“在现实生活中”交朋友更容易。我远非一个害羞或含蓄的人，但是我每天都在网上，我的朋友们大多也是如此。从表面上看，我的社交生活很丰富。我参加派对和体育运动，但总是不能专心。他们说手机让人们联系更加紧密，但实际上，我的思绪总是飞到十万八千里之外。我惦记自己的账户有多少人关注，但却记不住一些老朋友的生日。 社交网络在很多方面都控制着我的生活。有时我会为自己设定截止时间：我要在晚上8点开始做我的家庭作业，并且要在两小时内完成。晚上7：50，我还在浏览朋友们发的无聊帖子和照片。等我意识到的时候已经是晚上9：30了，我还在沙发上坐着一动没动。我下载一首又一首歌曲，一个又一个视频，但其实我并不在意。我的兴奋点是寻找下一首歌而不是真正欣赏音乐。朋友们试图让我远离手机，但是一旦我又独自一人，我就会迫不及待地回到网络世界和它提供的紧张的活动中去。 我经常感到沮丧、不满和孤独。因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以我一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情：家庭作业、任务以及用有意义的方式与我的朋友和家人联系。滑稽的是，我和朋友们经常在网上聊得热火朝天，但结果见面时却无话可说。 几天前，我和一些朋友出去吃晚饭。我最好的朋友因为不得不接听电话而离席30分钟。有些人整个晚餐都在埋头看手机，给网上的朋友发短信，却忽略了就坐在他们面前的人。不可思议的是没有人认为这不礼貌。这就是现在的生活。去年夏天一次全家度假，我妹妹一直抱怨说她的手机需要充电。手机充上电后，她又花了数小时浏览她最喜欢的流行音乐歌星的消息，一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 真正令人担心的是，我认识的每个人，包括我自己，都不能够戒掉互联网。我甚至无法想象一周没有社交网络的生活——想想你会错过的所有重要的约会、邀请和新闻更新！想要戒酒的酗酒者可以避免饮酒，但我们如何杜绝手机呢？毕竟，我需要用它来学习，因为我的老师和同班同学需要随时与我联系。 所以，这就是社交网络的问题。我们被网络连接，但却比以往更加疏远。 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．work at her laptop 在她的笔记本电脑前工作 2．an ideal mate 一个理想的伴侣 3．scroll down to the bottom 滚动到末尾 4．a few inches taller than me 比我高几英寸 5．alcoholic drinks 含酒精的饮料 6．booze and cigarettes 酒和烟 ◎核心单词——练通 1．up to five million people 多达5百万人 2．obsess yourself with all the things 沉迷于所有的事情 3．the flow of blood 血液的流动 4．the deadline for applications 交申请书的截止日期 学生用书第27页 5．a high-speed car chase 一场高速汽车的追逐 6．intense competition 激烈的竞争 7．delay my departure 延迟我的离开 8．bend over and kiss her cheek 俯身亲吻了她的面颊 9．an extraordinary thing 异乎寻常的事 10．a reserved girl 一个内敛的女孩 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．constantly adv.持续不断地→constant adj.持续不断的 2．associate vt.与某人交往→association n．交往；联系 3．barely adv.几乎不→bare adj.裸露的；空的；荒芜的 4．distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distract v. (使)分心→distraction n．分心 5．reality n．现实；真实→real adj.真正的→really adv.真正地→realise vt.实现 6．obsess vt.使迷恋→obsession n．痴迷→obsessive adj.痴迷的，迷恋的；过度的(含贬义)→obsessed adj.着迷的 7．dominate vi.& vt.主宰，支配，控制→dominant adj.占主导地位的→domination n．控制，支配 8．stimulation n．刺激→stimulate vt.刺激 9．desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的→desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地→desperation n．拼命；绝望 10．depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depress v. (使)沮丧，忧愁→depression n．沮丧，忧愁 11．rude adj.无礼的→rudeness n．无礼，粗鲁→rudely adv.无理地 12．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；不满 13．appointment n．约定；约会→appoint v．约定；约会；任命；委派 规律探究·知识横拓 1．规律：形容词后跟-ity变成名词 real adj.真正的＋ity→reality n．现实；真实 示例：ability n．能力 curiosity n．好奇心 purity n．纯洁，纯净 insecurity n．不安全 2．规律：形容词、名词后跟-ise变成动词 social adj.社会的＋ise＝socialise vi.交友；交际；交往 示例：realise vt.实现 criticise vt.批评 stabilise vt.使稳定 organise vt.组织 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．与某人交往 associate with 2．事实上，实际上 in reality 3．追逐 chase after 4．而不是 rather than 5．极想做某事 be desperate to do sth 6．最后处于，最终成为 end up 第二组　英译汉 7．check through 仔细检查，核对，核查 8．wire sb up(to sth) 将某人连接到(某设备) 9．on the surface 表面上，从外表看，乍一看 10．obsess over 对……过分担心 11．chatter away 喋喋不休 12．connect with sb 与某人建立关系/沟通 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　it作形式宾语 教材原句　According to research，over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online (发现网上交朋友更容易)than it is “in real life”． 2．句型公式　否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装 教材原句　When it was charged，she just spent hours reading about her favourite popstar；not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window (她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色). 3．句型公式　What... is that... 教材原句　What is really worrying is that (真正令人担心的是)no one I know，including myself，could go cold turkey. 学生用书第28页 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 associate vt.与某人交往 (教材原句)I have a never-ending flow of messages and updates from all the people I associate with online. 我总是不停地收到交往的网友发来的信息和最新消息。 (1)associate with 与某人交往 associate A with B 将A与B联系起来 be associated with... 与……有关联 business associate 生意伙伴 (2)association n. 联想，联合，社团 in association with... 与……有关联 单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①As long as you associate with positive-thinking people，it is certain that you are going to achieve success.(安慰信) ②Like everyone else，I wanted to be associated (associate) with the cool group.(读后续写之心理描写) ③We are working in association (associate)with a local company to raise money for the homeless. ④Bamboo plants are associated with health，abundance and a happy home. →Bamboo plants are in association with health，abundance and a happy home.(传统文化) reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的 (教材原句)I’m way beyond a shy or reserved person，but I’m wired up every day，like most of my friends. 我远非一个害羞或含蓄的人，但是我每天都在网上，我的朋友们也大多如此。 (1)reserve vt.& n. 预订，预约；保留；储备；(动植物)保护区 reserve sth (for sb/sth) (为某人/物)预订，预约(座位、房间等)；保留，储备 in reserve 储备；备用 (2)reservation n. 保留意见；疑惑；(旅馆、房间等的)预订，预约 make reservations/a reservation 预订，预约 without reservation 毫无保留地 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①These tables are reserved for special guests. ②They support the measures without reservation (reserve). ③Grandpa was reserved (reserve)，a man devoted to his family.(人物描写) ④罗伊看了看手表，意识到如果我们要预订，我们就必须马上离开。 Roy looked at his watch and realized that if we were to make our reservation，we had to leave right away. desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的 (教材原句)My friends try to drag me away from my phone，but as soon as I’m alone again，I’m desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides. 朋友们试图让我远离手机，但是一旦我又独自一人，我就会迫不及待地回到网络世界和它提供的紧张的活动中去。 【温馨提示】　表示“渴望得到某物/做某事”的常用短语还有be eager for/to do sth，be thirsty for/to do sth，long for/to do sth，desire(to do)sth等。 学生用书第29页 (1)desperate adj. 极度渴望的；危急的 be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事 be desperate for sth　 渴望某物 (2)desperation n. 绝望；铤而走险；孤注一掷 in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地 (3)desperately adv. 非常；绝望地 单句语法填空/读后续写之心理描写 ①He is so deep in debt and desperate for money. ②He took a deep breath，desperately (desperate) trying to keep calm. ③She has been married for three years and is desperate to have (have) a baby. ④In desperation(desperate)，he watched his father’s back disappearing in the dark.(动作心理描写) ⑤看到考试的结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被扔进了黑暗的世界。 Seeing the result of the exam，I was so desperate that I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness. depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的 (教材原句)I constantly feel depressed，dissatisfied and alone.我经常感到沮丧、不满和孤独。 (1)be depressed about 因……感到沮丧 (2)depressing adj. 令人沮丧的；令人丧气的 (3)depress vt. 使沮丧；使灰心丧气 (4)depression n. 沮丧；丧气；萧条 to one’s depression 令某人感到沮丧的是 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感描写/同义句转换 ①I am really sorry to hear that you feel depressed(depress)after entering high school.(安慰信) ②“What if my phone was taken by other passengers？”I muttered，sinking into depression (depress). ③莫里斯躺在草地上，对整个形势感到沮丧。 Morris lay on the grass，feeling depressed about this whole situation． ④What depressed her was that she lost her purse on her way to work. →To her depression，she lost her purse on her way to work. delay vi.&vt.延期，推迟 (教材原句)Since I spend so much time socialising online，I keep delaying things that are important in my real life：homework，tasks，connecting with my friends and family members in a meaningful way. 因为我花了很多时间上网社交，所以我一直在推迟现实生活中重要的事情：家庭作业、任务以及用有意义的方式与我的朋友和家人联系。 (1)delay doing sth 耽误/推迟做某事 be delayed by... 因……而延误 (2)delay n. 延误，延期 without delay 赶快，立刻 one’s delay in doing sth 某人延迟做某事 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作、语言描写 ①Traffic was delayed (delay)by the bad weather. ②My delay in going (go)abroad is due to my illness. ③He delayed telling (tell)her the news，waiting for the right moment. ④她立刻跑到前面，向格蕾丝抱怨，哭着说：“一定是有人偷了我的新钢笔。” Without delay，she ran to the front and complained to Grace，saying in tears，“Someone must have stolen my new pen.” 学生用书第30页 complain vi.& vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚 (教材原句)On a family holiday last summer，my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone.去年夏天一次全家度假，我妹妹一直抱怨说她的手机需要充电。 (1)complain to sb of/about sth 向某人抱怨某事　 complain (to sb )that... (向某人)抱怨…… (2)complaint n. 怨言，牢骚 make a complaint (to sb )about sth (向某人)抱怨某事 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. ②I am now writing to make a complaint (complain)about the service of your hotel. ③When I was complaining about the sudden rain，my mother looked at the swimming pool with a bright light in her eyes.(动作描写) ④他抱怨考试太难了。 He complained that the exam was too hard． appointment n．约定；约会 (教材原句)I can’t even imagine going without social networking for a week—think of all the important appointments，invitations and news updates you would miss! 我甚至无法想象一周没有社交网络的生活——想想你会错过的所有重要的约会、邀请和新闻更新！ (1)make an appointment with sb 与某人约会　　 have an appointment with sb 与某人有约定 (2)appoint vt. 委派；任命 appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 (3)appointed adj. 事先约好的；指 定的单句语法填空/应用文写作之告知信/句式升级 ①He was appointed to charge(charge)the company for his rich experience as well as excellent educational background. ②She has an appointment with her accountant in the office. ③I make an apology to you for failing to keep the appointment(appoint).(应用文写作之道歉信) ④我想跟李先生约下周三下午。 I’d like to make an appointment with Mr. Li for next Wednesday afternoon. ⑤He was appointed as president of the university yesterday. He is giving a speech on the platform now. →Appointed as president of the university yesterday，he is giving a speech on the platform now.(过去分词作状语) 认知深化 1．一词多义——flow A．vi.流，流动　B．n.滔滔不绝　C．n.流动　D．n.连贯；流畅 ①She tried to stop the flow of blood from the wound. C ②You’ve interrupted my flow—I can’t remember what I was saying. B ③Too many examples can interrupt the smooth flow of the text. D ④It’s here that the river flows down into the ocean. A 2．熟词生义 ①I need to chase him about organizing the meeting. vt.催促 ②She moved forward，inching towards the rope. v.(使朝某方向)谨慎移动 学生用书第31页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：not置于句首的部分倒装 (教材原句)... not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window. ……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的风景。 当含有否定或半否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前，常用词和短语有no，not，never，seldom，little，hardly，at no time，in no way，by no means，on no account，under no circumstances等。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物描写/句式升级 ①Little did I know that she had already left. ②Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. ③On no account should you leave the door unlocked. ④她晚上很少出去。 Seldom does she go out at night. ⑤If the new safety system had been put into use，the accident would never have happened. →Never would the accident have happened if the new safety system had been put into use.(部分倒装) 课时测评5　Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语提示或首字母填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Scroll (上下滚动) down to the bottom of the document. 2．We should keep our classroom and dorm (寝室) neat every day. 3．It was 90 degrees and the air conditioning barely (几乎不) cooled the room. 4．Last Sunday saw an extraordinary (令人惊奇的) cross-country running race. 5．He went rushing toward the dog and bent (弯腰) down to give her a big hug. 6．Many young people headed for remote regions to chase (努力赢得) their dreams. 7．She lost control and the tears began to flow (流动). 8．He performed very well in some intense (激烈的) matches and made several remarkable achievements. 9．I heard the news that her flight was delayed because of the bad weather. 10．If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline． 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共9分) 1．She spent the morning chattering away to her friends. 2．We received a number of complaints (complain)from customers. 3．Many enjoy the mental stimulation(stimulate)of a challenging job. 4．The firm has achieved a dominant(dominate)position in the world market. 5．I have an appointment(appoint)with Dr. Smith，but I need to change it. 6．When working，one should concentrate and not allow oneself to be distracted(distract). 7．Given that he likes the pet dog so much，he is sure to be depressed(depress)at its death. 8．It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others’ kindness and rudeness (rude). 9．As a reporter she needs many different skills and is constantly (constant)challenged to learn new things. 维度三　完成句子/句式升级(每小题3分，共9分) 1．他每年都去看望他的启蒙老师，这成了一个习惯。 He makes it a rule to visit his first teacher every year. 2．最后我想强调的是，对于你们的无私贡献，我们再怎么表达感激之情都不为过。 What I want to stress at last is that I can never express our thankfulness too much for your selfless contributions. 3．The film is perfect. I have never seen a better one before. →The film is perfect. Never have I seen a better one before. (倒装) 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have a never-ending flow of messages and 1.updates (update) from all the people I associate with online，but I feel lonely. On the surface，I have an active 2.social (society) life. In 3.reality (real)，my mind is always a million miles away. Social networking 4.dominates (dominate) my life in so many ways. I’m so 5.addicted (addict) to it that my friends have to drag me away from my phone. But as soon as I’m alone again，I’m desperate 6.to get (get) back to the online world. Spending so much time socialising online，I keep 7.delaying (delay) things in my real life. So I constantly feel 8.depressed (depress)，dissatisfied and alone.9.What is really worrying is that we can’t go without social networking. We’re hard-wired in，10.but we’re more disconnected than ever. [素能提升练] Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题4分，共32分) A (2024·河南信阳高级中学高二检测) Ranjan and Summer were good friends. They went to the same school and were in the same class. Ranjan was not strong. He could not play football or other games with boys of his age. All that he did was to watch Summer and other boys play. He usually went with them to the playground. When they ran off to play，he would sit under a tree and read storybooks. Books became his best friends. The reading made him successful in all the exams. He always stood first in the class. Summer was tall and strong. He spent most of his time running，swimming or riding bicycles. He was an extremely good player in every game. He was a member of the school’s football team and cricket team. The PE teacher thought he would make it big in the game when he grew up. One day，the two friends went for a walk. Ranjan got tired soon.“I have no strength. What is the use of all this knowledge if I am not healthy? I would give away all my knowledge if I could be half as healthy and strong as you，” said Ranjan. Summer was surprised and replied，“So you are not happy with yourself too? I always wished I could have done as well as you did in the studies. I even thought I could have given away my sporting skills for better grades in those exams.” The two friends looked at each other and cried out at the same time.“The grass looks greener on the other side of the hill.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个朋友之间的故事：Ranjan喜欢读书，成绩在班级总是第一名，但身体不好。而Summer喜欢各种运动，身体好但成绩不好。一天两人散步的时候，都看到了对方的优点和自身的不足，接着两人相视而笑并说道：“山那边的草看起来更绿。” 1．What did Ranjan usually do when he went to the playground with Summer? A．He studied for the exams. B．He played with his friends. C．He read his favorite books. D．He took care of the clothes. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，和Summer一起去操场时，Ranjan通常会读自己最喜欢的书。故选C项。 2．Why did the PE teacher think Summer might become a sports star? A．Summer was very tall. B．Summer was very strong. C．Summer was good at doing sports. D．Summer spent a lot of time playing sports. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Summer擅长运动，所以体育老师认为他可能会成为体育明星。故选C项。 3．What can we learn from the fifth paragraph? A．Ranjan was proud of his knowledge. B．Summer was unhappy with his studies. C．Summer could do as well as Ranjan did in the studies. D．Ranjan and Summer decided to learn from each other. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段可推知，Summer对他的学习不满意。故选B项。 4．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Nobody knows his own advantages. C．Grass usually appears greener in faraway places. D．We always want something better and feel unhappy. 答案：D 解析：句意理解题。根据最后一段并结合上文可知，Summer和Ranjan一起散步时，都拿自身的不足之处和对方的优点比较，都希望自己能够改善个人的不足，做到和对方一样好，说明两人对自己的现状都不满意，都渴望自己没有得到的东西，总觉得另一边的东西就是比现有的更好。由此推知，画线句子意思是“我们总是想要更好的东西，却又感到不快乐”。故选D项。 B The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A few of my friends and some of my classmates had excitedly jump onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand，I hesitated. I only knew the basics，but was foreign to some words on social media. All throughout middle school，I stuck with the same thinking. And now as a freshman in college，I am looking back and wondering why I have never been naturally interested in social media. Scanning Instagram，you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries，taking part in exciting activities，and spending time with friends and family，among many other things. The thought of doing this never resonated with me. I respect and understand those who believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However，I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes，family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as，if not more meaningful when not shared with others. Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media，I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed of all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life. I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心)by social media. While trying to complete their homework，they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day，I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list，so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要从作者对自己不喜欢社交媒体的这一心理的反思入手，针对社交媒体对当下人们的影响进行了论述。 5．What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Social media are popular with students. B．Young pupils suffer from social media. C．The author has no access to social media. D．Social media contributes to students’ study. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。文章前两段讲述了作者身边的人及作者本人对社交媒体平台的态度，结合第一段前两句可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台中，由此可推知，社交媒体很受学生欢迎。故选A项。 6．The underlined part in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”． A．warned off B．let down C．hid from D．appealed to 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的后两句可知，作者对社交媒体不感兴趣，在社交媒体上发布动态、分享生活对作者来说没有吸引力，由此可推知，画线部分“resonated with”与“appealed to”同义，表示“有吸引力的”。故选D项。 7．Why do people using social media might feel insecure? A．They follow other people’s beauty standards totally. B．Social media change the way they look at themselves. C．Social media encourage them to be a unique individual. D．They spend more time posting their images on social media. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，社交媒体平台上的图片等内容可能是经过编辑的，一些美丽标准是不容易实现的。且这些社交媒体容易让人产生对比心理，阅读者往往将博主的生活和自己的生活进行对比，使自己对自己的看法产生变化，而作者不同于他人，他是不想这样去对比的。由此可推知，使用社交媒体的人之所以会感到不安全是因为社交媒体使人们之间产生对比，改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选B项。 8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．A to-do list can stop people using social media. B．Social media can waste people’s valuable time. C．Spending time with family always enjoys first priority. D．Students pay more attention to social media than to study. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，社交媒体会影响完成作业的进度，使得人们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B项。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2024·新疆兵团地州学校高二上联考) Meeting people is the first step to make friends.　1　 Here are some useful tips. Make small talk even if you don’t feel like it Small talk can make people feel false and meaningless.　2　 By making small talk，you show that you’re friendly and open to communicating. In that way，small talk helps you to make the first connection with potential (潜在的)new friends. If someone doesn’t make any small talk，we might think that they don’t want to make friends with us，that they don’t like us，or that they’re in a bad mood. 　3　 When you talk to someone new and realize that you have similar interests，the conversation usually goes from stiff (生硬的)to fun and interesting. Therefore，make it a habit to find out if you have any mutual interests or something in common. You can do this by mentioning things that interest you and seeing how they answer. Don’t write people off until you know them Don’t judge people too quickly. Try not to think that they are shallow (肤浅的)，boring，or that you have nothing to talk about. If everyone seems uninterested，it might be because you have been in small talk.　4　 Make people like being around you When you try to make people like you，it will become easier for you to make friends.　5　If we are with someone with a positive experience，we like that person more. A．But it does have a purpose. B．Help people get to know you. C．Being used to talking to people is important. D．Figure out what you might have in common. E．If you only make small talk，everyone will sound shallow. F．But how do you actually become friends with someone? G．When you make sure that people like being around you，they will like you. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与别人成为朋友的方法。 1．答案：F 解析：根据后文“Here are some useful tips.”可知，此处是指如何和某人成为朋友，所以选项F“但是怎样才能真正和别人成为朋友呢？”符合语境。故选F项。 2．答案：A 解析：根据前文“Small talk can make people feel false and meaningless.”和后文“By making small talk，you show that you’re friendly and open to communicating.”可知，前后构成转折关系，且此处是指闲聊是有目的的，所以选项A“但它确实是有目的的。”符合语境。故选A项。 3．答案：D 解析：根据后文“Therefore，make it a habit... seeing how they answer.”可知，此处是指要找到你和对方的共同点，所以选项D“找出你们可能有什么共同点”符合语境。故选D项。 4．答案：E 解析：根据前文“Try not to think that... because you have been in small talk.”可知，此处是指只进行闲聊就只能了解到别人浅层次的地方，所以选项E“如果你只是闲聊，每个人听起来都会很肤浅。”符合语境。故选E项。 5．答案：G 解析：根据小标题“Make people like being around you”和后文“If we are with someone with a positive experience，we like that person more.”可知，此处是指让别人喜欢与你在一起，他们就会喜欢你，所以选项G“当你确保人们喜欢和你在一起时，他们就会喜欢你。”符合语境。故选G项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题2分，共20分) (2024·重庆第二外国语学校高二期中) At the end of August，I was proud to find out that I’d got into 1.________ top high school. At that moment，however，I had no idea how terrible it would be 2.________ first. From the very first day of school I was anxious. I was always busy 3.________ (study) and I missed my friends very much. And I felt defeated (挫败的) because of my low grade. In October I got the chance 4.________ (speak) to one of the school seniors.“Remember President once said，‘Happiness is achieved through hard work，’” the senior encouraged me. As soon as I 5.________ (hear) these words，I was deeply encouraged. I began to be hopeful and work much 6.________ (hard). I started spending hours on difficult questions and turned to 7.________ (teacher) for help. Step by step，I’ve made progress and become 8.________ (confidence). I am sure that the future is in 9.________ (I) hands. My high school 10.________ (seem) like a mother to me，while I’m her most ordinary child. And she is always there waiting for me to come back with my dream achieved. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者初入高中时因为成绩不好而感到挫败，在一位学长的鼓励下，作者开始充满希望，并更加努力地学习，慢慢地取得了进步并变得自信起来。 1．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一所顶尖高中”，应用不定冠词，top发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 2．答案：at 解析：考查介词。根据后文“From the very first day of school I was anxious.”可知，此处是指一开始很糟糕。at first意为“起初”，为固定搭配。故填at。 3．答案：studying 解析：考查非谓语动词。be busy doing sth意为“忙于做某事”，为固定搭配。故填studying。 4．答案：to speak 解析：考查非谓语动词。修饰抽象名词chance应用动词不定式形式，作后置定语。故填to speak。 5．答案：heard 解析：考查动词的时态。根据“I was deeply encouraged”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填heard。 6．答案：harder 解析：考查副词的比较级。much修饰副词比较级。故填harder。 7．答案：teachers 解析：考查名词的单复数。teacher意为“老师”，为可数名词，且空前无冠词，故应用复数形式。故填teachers。 8．答案：confident 解析：考查词性转换。根据“I’ve made progress”可知，此处是指变得自信起来，故应用形容词confident作表语。故填confident。 9．答案：my 解析：考查代词。hands和I构成所属关系，应用形容词性物主代词my，表示“我的”。故填my。 10．答案：seems 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述“我”的客观感受，应用一般现在时。主语My high school为第三人称单数，故填seems。 Section Ⅵ　Writing Workshop & Reading Club ◎阅读单词——识记 1．an audience of 10，000 1万名观众 2．community parks 社区公园 3．a magazine aimed at teenagers 以青少年为对象的杂志 4．from introversion to extroversion 从内向转变成外向 ◎核心单词——练通 1．on behalf of the homeless 代表无家可归的人 2．a constant topic of conversation 一个永恒的交谈话题 3．belong to Spain 隶属西班牙 4．against my principles 违背我的原则 5．a striking contrast 显著的对比 6．an age of technological innovation 技术革新的时代 7．clarity of thought 思路清楚 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．invitation n．邀请→invite v．邀请 2．organise vt.组织，筹划→organiser n．组织者→organisation n．组织 3．competitor n．选手，参赛者→compete v．比赛；竞争→competition n．比赛；竞争→competitive adj.竞争的 4．fluency n．流畅，熟练→fluent adj.流畅的，熟练的 5．progression n．变化，发展→progress n．进步，前进 v．改进，行进→progressive adj.进步的，先进的 学生用书第32页 6．sincerely adv.真诚地，由衷地→ sincere adj.真诚的，由衷的 7．approval n．赞许；同意→approve v．赞许；同意 8．defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫→defence n．保护，保卫 9．politics n．政治，政治活动→political adj.政治的 10．motivation n．动力，积极性→motivate v．激励；激发→unmotivated adj.不积极的，不主动的 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．代表某人 on behalf of sb 2．占据 take up 3．对某事做出决定 come to a decision about sth 4．对……负责 be responsible for 5．屈服于 give in to 第二组　英译汉 6．make fun of sb 取笑某人 7．the consequences of... ……的结果 8．fit in 相处融洽 9．take sth seriously 认真对待 10．in contrast to... 和……对比 11．belong to 是……的成员；属于 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　as引导的非限制性定语从句 教材原句　As you may know(正如你可能知道的)，we are running a school-wide public speaking competition... 2．句型公式　what引导表语从句 教材原句　It is what makes people individual and unique(让人们变得独一无二). 3．句型公式　“助动词do＋动词原形”表强调 教材原句　If you have any questions，please do let me know(一定告诉我). Ⅰ．核心词汇练全 on behalf of sb代表某人 (教材原句)I am writing on behalf of the school’s Student Union.我代表学校学生会给您写信。 【易混辨析】　on behalf of，represent，stand for (1)on behalf of只能作状语，表示“代表/代替某人”。 (2)represent 动词，用来表示“代表某人/某个团体(政府等)”“某种标志代表什么”“某物表现的是什么”和“把某人(物)描绘成什么”。 (3)stand for动词短语，往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表什么”。 on behalf of sb ＝on sb’s behalf　 代表某人 in behalf of sb ＝in sb’s behalf 为帮助某人 选词填空(on behalf of，represent，stand for)/一句多译 ①He spoke on behalf of the members of the school at the meeting. ②The union represents over 200，000 teachers. ③With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. ④我很荣幸能代表我的同学们发表一次毕业演讲。(应用文写作之演讲稿) →It is a great honour for me to deliver a graduation speech on behalf of my classmates. →It is a great honour for me to deliver a graduation speech on my classmates’ behalf. 学生用书第33页 competitor n．选手，参赛者 (教材原句)Competitors should be judged on their pronunciation，clarity and fluency，and also progression of ideas and audience engagement.评判参赛者的标准应该包括他们的发音、清晰度和流畅度，以及思想的进展和观众的参与度。 (1)compete vi. 比赛，竞争 compete in 参加……比赛 compete for 为争取……而竞争 compete with/against sb 同某人竞争 (2)competition n. 竞争 competitive adj. 竞争的，有竞争力的 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①There is a fierce competition (compete)between the two motorcar firms. ②Competitive(compete)sports encourage children to work together as a team. ③We will compete in global politics and economics. ④The first prize was awarded to the youngest competitor (compete).(活动介绍) ⑤许多国家的赛跑选手都在争夺这个国际大奖。(应用文写作之报道) Runners from many countries are competing for the international prize． ⑥在南瓜地里，我和我的三个兄弟姐妹竞争，寻找最大的南瓜。(读后续写之动作描写) In the pumpkin field，I compete with my three brothers and sisters to seek out the biggest pumpkin. engagement n．参与 (教材原句)Competitors should be judged on their pronunciation，clarity and fluency，and also progression of ideas and audience engagement．评判参赛者的标准应包括他们的发音、清晰度和流畅度，以及思想的进展和观众的参与度。 (1)engagement n. 约定；订婚；雇用 have an engagement with 与……有约定 (2)engage vi.& vt. 吸引住；雇用 engage in 从事，参与 (3)engaged adj. 忙于……的；已订婚的 be engaged in 忙于，从事于 be engaged as 受聘担任…… 单句语法填空/同义词替换 ①He is currently engaged as a secretary in the company. ②They are engaged (engage)in talks with the Irish government. ③As a parent，you should at least show some engagement (engage)in your child’s education. ④I have an engagement with them for lunch，so I have no time available to help you this afternoon. ⑤Although you are busy with your study，you should set aside some time to take part in some outdoor activities. →Although you are engaged in your study，you should set aside some time to take part in some outdoor activities. take up 占据 (教材原句)We would not take up too much of your time.我们不会占用您太多时间。 take up 开始做(某项工作)；从事；接受 take in 收留(某人)；吸收；领会，理解；欺骗；包括 take off (飞机等)起飞；脱下；成功，成名 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take over 接管 take out 取出；切除，摘除 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It was several minutes before I took in what he said. ②Mimi became jealous when Jack’s career started taking off． ③The party began to take on an unreal，almost nightmarish quality. 学生用书第34页 ④She decided that I was the ideal person to take over the job. ⑤爱丽丝拿出钱包，非常惊讶地问，“这么说，两个比一个更便宜？”(读后续写之动作、神态、语言描写) “So two are cheaper than one？” Alice asked in a surprised voice，taking out her purse. ⑥他毕业后就开始从事太空研究。(应用文写作之人物描写) After he graduated，he took up the study of space. belong vi.应在(某处)；适应 (教材原句)We all want to be part of a group and feel like we belong to our community. 我们都想成为一个群体的一部分，感觉自己属于我们的团体。 (1)belong to表示“是……的财产；是……的组成部分；是……的成员(属于)”，不能用于进行时态和被动语态，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 (2)belongings n．财产；所有物；相关事物单句语法填空/应用文写作之通知 ①This gallery belongs to a very rich businessman. ② She packed her few belongings (belong)in a bag and left. ③The car belonging (belong)to Mr Smith was seriously damaged in a traffic accident. ④游戏结束后，你应该把一切放回原处。 You should put away everything where it belongs after the game． approval n．赞许；同意 (教材原句)People who are low in confidence and unsure of themselves may be more likely to seek their peers’ approval by going along with risky suggestions or choosing the “wrong” path. 缺乏自信和对自己不确定的人可能更倾向于通过采纳有风险的建议或选择“错误的”道路来寻求同龄人的认可。 (1)meet with one’s approval 得到某人的赞许 give one’s approval to sth 批准某事 (2)approve vi. 赞成，同意 　　　　　vt. 批准 approve of 赞成，同意 (3)approving adj. 赞许的；许可的 disapprove vi. 不赞成；不同意 　　　　　vt. 不批准 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①I would be grateful if you could give me your review and approval (approve).(咨询信) ②His parents didn’t approve of his marriage，but he married the girl against his parents’ will. ③His mother leaned forward and gave him an approving (approve)look. ④She wants to be an actress，but her parents disapprove(approve). ⑤如果您能批准我们筹集资金的提议，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之感谢信) →I would appreciate it if you could approve our proposal to raise money. (approve) →I would appreciate it if you could give your approval to our proposal to raise money. (approval) defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫 (教材原句)Bullies pick easy targets—people who are outside the peer group and whom the group is unlikely to defend．欺凌者选择容易的目标——那些不属于同龄人群体的人和这个群体不太可能保护的人。 学生用书第35页 (1)defend... from/against... 保护……免受伤害 defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 (2)defence n. 防御；保卫 in defence of 为了保卫…… 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①She spoke up in defence of her beliefs. ②Humour is a more effective defence (defend)than violence. ③All our officers are trained to defend themselves from/against knife attacks. ④看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之动作描写) →Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed to defend his son like an arrow.(defend) →Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed in defence of his son like an arrow.(defence) in contrast to和……对比 (教材原句)In contrast to extroverts，they value fewer，but deeper experiences. 与性格外向的人相比，他们重视更少但更深刻的体验。 (1)in contrast to/with 与……相比，与……形成对比 by contrast 相比之下 make a contrast with... 与……形成对比 (2)contrast v. 对比；与……形成对比 contrast with 形成对比 contrast A with B 把A和B对比 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①By contrast，he is much cleverer than his brother. ②It is interesting to contrast the British legal system with the American one. ③In sharp contrast to her mood，the clouds were breaking up to reveal a blue sky. ④白色的墙壁与黑色的地毯形成了鲜明的对照。(应用文写作之说明文) The white walls make a contrast with the black carpet． ⑤约翰逊的随和力和他老板的挑剔形成了鲜明的对比。(读后续写之人物描写) Johnson’s easy charm contrasted sharply with the prickliness of his boss. Ⅱ．典型句式讲透 句型公式：“助动词do＋动词原形”表强调 (教材原句)If you have any questions，please do let me know.如果您有任何问题，请一定告诉我。 (1)“助动词do(does，did)＋动词原形”表示强调，用于加强谓语动词的语气，可意为“务必，一定；的确，确实”。但须符合以下两个条件：①句子是肯定句；②句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。 (2)强调句型“It is/was... that...”通常用来强调除谓语之外的句子成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。当被强调部分指人时，that可用who代替。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之求助信 ①She does (do)get up early every morning. ②You did (do)spend too much，and most of the expense was kind of unnecessary. ③It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. ④我确实想提高我的英语水平，您能给我一些建议吗？ I do want to improve my English，could you give me some suggestions？ 学生用书第36页 ◎ AN INVITATION LETTER Dear Mr Jenson， I am writing on behalf of the school’s Student Union. As you may know，we are running a school-wide public speaking competition，and the final will take place at the lecture hall on 10 May (9 am-12 pm).[1]I am writing to ask whether you would be willing to help us judge the final competition.[2] Since March，we have already had two rounds of the competition，with more than 100 students. Now we have 12 students left for the final. The topic of the final speech is“Education for Innovation”．Students have to give a five-minute speech on the topic in English. During the final round，as a judge，you would be responsible for listening to all the speeches，noting down any positive or negative aspects for each one.[3]Competitors should be judged on their pronunciation，clarity and fluency，and also progression of ideas and audience engagement. Then you will discuss your notes with three other judges，and come to a decision about who comes first，second and third. Would you have time to attend a short meeting at the Student Union Room at 4 pm on 8 May so that we can introduce you to the other judges and discuss the details? We would not take up too much of your time. I sincerely hope you can come. If you have any questions，please do let me know. Yours sincerely， Zhao Zheng President，Student Union ◎ [学语言] 第一部分中使用as引导的非限制性定语从句(As you may know)，whether引导的宾语从句(... ask whether you would...)，使句式表达多样化，展现出作者较强的语言文字功底和文学素养。 第二部分中使用“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构(Now we have 12 students left...)，动词-ing形式短语作状语(noting down any positive or negative aspects for each one)以及被动语态(Competitors should be judged...)不仅使主语更加突出，而且使表达更加地道。同时使用情态动词would引出句子，使语气更加委婉，so that引导的目的状语从句的高级表达，丰富了句式的多样化。 第三部分中sincerely的使用强调了作者的诚意。用if引导的条件状语从句，不仅委婉，同时进一步表达作者的期盼。 [知结构] 第一部分：第一段采用简洁清晰、直入主题的手法指明写信的背景(on behalf of the school’s Student Union)、目的(help us judge the final competition)，比赛的时间地点[at the lecture hall on 10 May (9 am-12 pm)]等，符合邀请信写作的特点。 第二部分：第二段具体交代事件，包括比赛的现状、参赛的人数、主题以及对学生的要求等。接着第三、四、五段介绍了评委的基本任务，同时采用委婉的语气征求意见。 第三部分：最后一段回扣主题，再次发出邀请。 学生用书第37页 [情景任务写作] According to the points，write a passage to invite the foreign teacher Henry. invited person Henry time from 2: 00 pm to 5: 00 pm next Sunday　 place in the school hall topic “Beauty of China” [仿写程序步骤] 1．一仿结构布局合理 第一段：写信的目的； 第二段：交代时间、地点及事件； 第三段：再次邀请并感谢。 2．二仿语言规范美观 (1)我知道你对中国传统文化很感兴趣。 I know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture． (2)我写信是想告诉你我们学校要举办中国剪纸展。 I’m writing to tell you there will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition held by our school. (3)展览将在下周日下午2点到5点在学校大厅举行。 The exhibition will take place in the school hall from 2: 00 pm to 5: 00 pm next Sunday． (4)这次展览的主题是“中国之美”。 The theme of the exhibition is “Beauty of China”． (5)我们的作品不仅会被展出，我们还有一套由这一领域的著名艺术家创作的珍贵的剪纸。 Our works will not only be displayed, but we also have a valuable set of paper-cutting created by a famous artist in this field. (6)将会有很多有用和有趣的活动，从中你可以对中国文化有一个更清晰的认识。 There will be a lot of useful and interesting activities, from which you can have a clearer picture of Chinese culture. (7)如果您能接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation. 3．三仿句式高级表达 (8)用含有动词-ing形式短语作状语的句子升级句(1)和句(2)。 Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I’m writing to tell you there will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition held by our school. (9)用含有“介词＋关系代词”的定语从句的句子升级句(3)和句(4)。 The exhibition，the theme of which is“Beauty of China”， will take place in the school hall from 2: 00 pm to 5: 00 pm next Sunday. (10)用倒装句升级句(5)。 Not only will our works be displayed, but we also have a valuable set of paper-cutting created by a famous artist in this field. 4．四仿教材连句成篇 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Dear Henry， I’m Li Hua, one of your students in your cultural class. Knowing that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I’m writing to tell you there will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition held by our school. The exhibition，the theme of which is“Beauty of China”， will take place in the school hall from 2: 00 pm to 5: 00 pm next Sunday. Not only will our works be displayed, but we also have a valuable set of paper-cutting created by a famous artist in this field. Besides, there will be a lot of useful and interesting activities, from which you can have a clearer picture of Chinese culture. I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation. I’m sure it can leave a wonderful impression on you! I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua [精彩素材积累] 首段：开门见山，直入主题，说明写信的目的 1．I am writing to invite you to... 我写信想要邀请你…… 2．I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in... 我认为你能来参加……是一个非常好的主意。 3．I wonder if you can come... 我想知道，您是否能来…… 主体：紧扣要点，对活动展开详细叙述 1．The activity will start at... 这次活动将于…… 2．There will be activities，such as... 有许多活动，比如…… 3．It will be held in... from... to... on... 它将在……举行，从……到……在……。 4．Since this events aims to help... 因为这次活动的目的是帮助…… 结尾：扣主题，再次发出邀请 1．Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to...? 你能回信让我知道，你是否能来……吗？ 2．We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure. 我们非常高兴地期待您的到来。 课时测评6　Section Ⅵ　Writing Workshop & Reading Club (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语提示或首字母填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共10分) 1．He got interested in politics(政治) when he was in college. 2．It covers a wide variety of topics(话题)to attract senior students. 3．Innovation is the motivation(动力)that human civilization progress. 4．The progression(发展)of the disease can be retarded by early surgery. 5．Their experiences contrast(形成对比)sharply with those of other children. 6．Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle(原则)of sportsmanship. 7．When writing instructions，clarity(清晰)of statement is the most important thing. 8．She is a stranger，and doesn’t belong(适应)here. 9．I sincerely hope you can set aside some time for the art feast. 10．We should take some specific measures to defend the soil from being washed away. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共9分) 1．It tends to get(get)very cold here in the winter. 2．Production of the goods must fit in with the needs of the society. 3．His son was praised for speeches of remarkable fluency (fluent). 4．All the competitors (compete)are required to have a physical examination. 5．The monument is in memory of the soldiers who died in defence of their country. 6．Mr Smith quit his job as an officer to take up a position as a researcher in an academy. 7．With my homework finished，I gladly accepted her invitation(invite)to the party. 8．The organisation(organise)was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction. 9．Technical innovation(innovate)plays an important role in increasing production. 维度三　完成句子/句式升级(每小题4分，共12分) 1．众所周知，光说不做是没有用的。 As we all know，it is no use saying without doing. 2．上课认真听讲是你该做的事情。 Listening carefully in class is what you should do. 3．I phoned you this morning. →I did phone you this morning.(强调谓语) [素能提升练] Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题5分，共20分) (2024·湖南邵阳二中高二期中) Sharing a room with a family member or a friend can be tough (困难)，but it becomes especially difficult when you are sharing it with someone you hardly know. If you find yourself in a similar situation，do not despair. There are things you can do to help you cope with having a roommate，no matter who it may be. First of all，you have to remember that you get what you give. If you are nice to others，then others will be nice to you as well. You also need to set boundaries for yourself and for the other person. So before your new roommate moves in，talk to him. Set the rules early on and discuss your hopes. Remember that there are two things that make up any good relationship：belief and respect. The same thing applies to (适用于)having a roommate. You have to respect each other. So he has that new PS3 game that you have always wanted to try out? Ask permission first. If he says no，don’t ask him for it again. If he lets you borrow his stuff，take care of the item and treat it as if it were your own. Make sure that you return it in the same condition as when you borrowed it. To keep away from disagreements over who does the housework，clean as you go. For chores (杂务)that can be shared，you may want to divide it equally so that you don’t do all the housework. Take turns in washing the dishes. You may do it every other day or you may divide the task so that you only have to do it in the morning and your roommate will only have to do it at night. When it comes to food and grocery items，determine what can be shared. Don’t be too mean when it comes to sharing food. On the other hand，determine what you can share and what you can’t and be clear about it. The advantage of sharing food is that you can save on time and food preparation. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对如何与室友建立良好的关系给出了建议。 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why you need a roommate. B．How you drive a roommate you don’t like. C．What you do to find a roommate. D．How you can get along with your roommate. 答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中“There are things you can do to help you cope with having a roommate，no matter who it may be.”可知，本文主要讲的是如何与室友相处的建议，故选D项。 2．What may the underlined word “boundaries” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Borders of two countries. B．Personal space. C．Public relations. D．Something shared by all roommates. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中“So before your new roommate moves in，talk to him. Set the rules early on and discuss your hopes.”可知，这里说的是要给自己和他人留一些个人的空间，故选B项。 3．Good relationship among roommates lies in ________． A．money and gifts B．attraction and good words C．trust and respect D．threats and orders 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Remember that there are two things that make up any good relationship：belief and respect. The same thing applies to(适用于)having a roommate.”可知，与室友之间良好的关系在于尊重和信任，故选C项。 4．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A．There are always quarrels between roommates. B．Try to do all the chores by yourself. C．Share everything with your roommates. D．Try to do the chores by turns. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“ For chores (杂务)that can be shared，you may want to divide it equally so that you don’t do all the housework.”可推知，宿舍内的杂务可以轮流去做，故选D项。 Ⅱ．完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2024·河北唐山第一中学校高二期中) The first day of school our primary Mrs. Miller introduced herself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn’t already know. I stood up to　1　around when a pretty girl came into my sight. She said，“Hi，my name is Katie.” After class we became　2　friends. Every day for the next 8 years we studied together and talked non-stop. We were　3　to our classmates，and everyone knew that if you saw one of us，you’d likely see the other. But when we started high school，things began to change. Katie　4　the cheerleading team and started hanging out with a new group of friends. But I joined the robotics club，and spent most of my time　5　with machines and coding. We still saw each other at school，but our schedules became　6　and we had less time to hang out. One day，Katie told me she’d been having a　7　time with her cheerleading coach. Her coach had been criticizing her 　8　and telling her that she wasn’t good enough. She wanted to give it up. Katie’s words reminded me of a time when I was working on a robot and couldn’t get it to function　9　．As I felt like giving up，Katie said to me，“I know you dream of being a robotics engineer. When you　10　your dream，you die. You can do anything if you put your mind to it.”It was my turn to help her out. I told her that she was an amazing　11　，and that she could overcome any obstacle with hard work and　12　． After the chat Katie started to feel better about herself. She even tried out for the team captain position. She didn’t get the role，but she was　13　of herself for trying. Years later，Katie and I were still best friends. We realized that while our new friends were fun，they didn’t　14　us the way we did. We pursued different paths，but we helped each other believe in ourselves，and showed each other the power of　15　，determination，and support. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆自己与好友的过往点滴。 1．A．expect B．show C．look D．come 答案：C 解析：根据下文中的“when a pretty girl came into my sight”并结合上文中的“I stood up to”可知，此处指的是“环顾四周”看到一位漂亮的女孩，“环顾四周”应为look around。故选C项。 2．A．instant B．old C．strange D．false 答案：A 解析：根据上文中的“She said，‘Hi，my name is Katie.’”可知，两个人初次见面打招呼，结合空前的“After class”可知，我们“立刻”成为朋友。故选A项。 3．A．inseparable B．competitive C．independent D．indifferent 答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“everyone knew that if you saw one of us，you’d likely see the other”可知，此处指的是我们“形影不离”。故选A项。 4．A．observed B．led C．joined D．moved 答案：C 解析：根据下文中的“But I joined the robotics club”可知，“我”加入了机器人俱乐部，而Katie“加入”了啦啦队。故选C项。 5．A．comparing B．tinkering C．fighting D．bargaining 答案：B 解析：根据上文中的“I joined the robotics club，and spent most of my time”可知，加入机器人俱乐部应该是每天在“修补”机器和编程。故选B项。 6．A．busier B．lazier C．smarter D．shorter 答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“we had less time to hang out”可知，我们每天没时间闲逛，由此可知，我们两个都“很忙”。故选A项。 7．A．careful B．tough C．sensible D．ridiculous 答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“Her coach had been criticizing her”可知，教练总批评Katie，所以她与教练关系不好，结合语境可知，tough“困难的”，符合语境。故选B项。 8．A．endings B．songs C．grades D．moves 答案：D 解析：结合语境可知，啦啦队应该是与“动作”相关。故选D项。 9．A．properly B．tightly C．perfectly D．beautifully 答案：A 解析：根据上文中的“I was working on a robot and couldn’t get it to function”可知，作者在修理机器时遇到了麻烦，由此可知，此处指的是不能使得机器“正常地”运行。故选A项。 10．A．shake B．believe C．express D．lose 答案：D 解析：根据上文中的“I know you dream of being a robotics engineer.”并结合“you die”可知，此处指的是“失去”梦想。故选D项。 11．A．dreamer B．dancer C．cheerleader D．friend 答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“Katie ____the cheerleading team and started hanging out with a new group of friends.”可知，Katie加入的是啦啦队，所以此处指的是“啦啦队员”。故选C项。 12．A．determination B．regret C．excitement D．satisfaction 答案：A 解析：根据上文中的“that she could overcome any obstacle with hard work”可知，此处与hard work并列，且结合语境可知，克服障碍需要的是“努力和决心”。故选A项。 13．A．delightful B．proud C．optimistic D．thankful 答案：B 解析：根据上文中的“After the chat Katie started to feel better about herself. She even tried out for the team captain position.”可知，Katie虽然没有得到这个职位，但自己努力过，所以此处指的是为此感到“自豪”。故选B项。 14．A．hope B．promise C．support D．teach 答案：C 解析：根据下文中的“but we helped each other believe in ourselves”可知，我们帮助彼此相信自己，所以此处指的是“支持”。故选C项。 15．A．confidence B．kindness C．generosity D．friendship 答案：D 解析：结合全文的语境可知，作者与Katie一见如故，相互支持，这是本文的中心主题，所以此处指的是“友谊”的力量。故选D项。 Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分19分) (2024·浙江杭州高二期中) 假定你是李华，本周六打算去参观你叔叔经营的一家有机农场。请你给留学生好友Eric写一封电子邮件，邀请他与你同去，内容包括： 1．发出邀请； 2．主要活动：参观农场；参加娱乐活动；品尝有机食品； 3．盼望回复。 参考词汇：有机农场：organic farm 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Dear Eric， How are you doing? I have a great plan for this weekend！　 My uncle runs an organic farm and I’m planning to visit it this Saturday. I thought it would be a great opportunity for us to spend some time together in the countryside，away from the hustle and bustle of the city. During the visit，we will have a guided tour of the farm to learn about organic farming practices. We’ll also get to participate in some fun entertainment activities，such as picking fruits and vegetables，feeding animals，etc. And of course，we’ll have the chance to taste some delicious organic food. If you’re interested，please let me know and we can make the necessary arrangements. Yours， Li Hua 学生用书第38页 单元综合提升 ◎ 1．trait n. 特性，品质 2．outgoing adj. 外向的，好交际的 3．incredible adj. 极好的；难以置信的 4．worthwhile adj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的 5．lack vt. 缺乏 6．rocket n. 火箭 7．access n. 进入；接触的机会 8．demanding adj. 要求严格的；费力的 9．handle vt. 处理(难题)；应付(局面) 10．highlight vt. 标出；突出显示 11．upset adj. 烦恼的，心烦意乱的 　　　　vt. 使生气，使心烦意乱 12．manner n. 方式，方法 13．million n. 百万 14．flow n. 流动 　　　　vi. 流，流动 15．feedback n. 反馈意见 16．raise vt. 提出，提起 17．tense n. 时态 18．intense adj. 紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的 19．deadline n. 截止日期，最后期限 20．barely adv. 几乎不 21．extraordinary adj. 令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 22．chase vi.& vt. 努力赢得 　　　　n. 追逐，追赶 23．reality n. 现实；真实 24．delay vi.& vt. 推迟，延期 25．stimulation n. 刺激 26．distracted adj. 心神不定的，精神无法集中的 27．complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；不满；发牢骚 28．desperate adj. 拼命的；绝望的 29．socialise vi. 交友；交际；交往 30．dominate vi.& vt. 主宰，支配，控制 31．depressed adj. 沮丧的，忧愁的 32．laptop n. 笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 33．reserved adj. 含蓄的；内敛的 ◎ 用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．As an outgoing girl，Lisa gets along well with her classmates. 2．It seemed incredible that she had been there a week already. 3．The deadline is approaching，but I have not finished the writing. 4．My laptop is being repaired and I can’t work now. 5．I extremely want to highlight the importance of the activity. 6．Without my laptop，which is being used by my nephew，I can barely work. 7．Immediately there was a desire flowing in my heart，fueling me to go ahead. 8．Worried about my son，who is putting out fire in the forest，I am distracted． 9．He is desperate to set up a company but it needs one million to start his business. 10．Follow these tips，and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile． 11．Kindness and patience are truly wonderful personality traits． 12．You should learn how to handle the problems it has caused. 13．I don’t want to upset you，but I found your menu so limited. 14．The book raises many important questions. 学生用书第39页 ◎ 1．passionate adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的→passion n．热爱；热情 2．occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然→occasion n．场合→occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的 3．emotional adj.激起感情的；情感上的→emotionally adv.感情上，情绪上 4．e$$