Module 3 学霸新视野(时文、外刊阅读)-【拔尖特训】2024-2025学年八年级上册英语（外研版）

30 学霸新视野 ▶ “答案与解析”见P5时文阅读 [热点素材] (2024·原创)任务型阅读。 人工智能安全峰会聚焦AI监管 答案讲解 The AI Safety Summit(人工智能 安全峰会) took place in the UK from Nov.1 to 2,2023. People from different countries, AI-related companies and organizations attended this event. A paper caled the Bletchley Declaration (《布莱切利宣言》) on AI safety was signed by 28 countries—including China, the US and the UK—and the European Union during the event. The paper highlighted(强 调) shared worries about AI risks and safety. 1. AI software(软件) used in hiring people might not treat everyone fairly. People worry that AI software might use people􀆳s gender(性别) and background in bad ways. Wu Zhaohui, who was China􀆳s vice minister (副 部 长) of the Ministry of Science and Technology, mentioned the global action on AI governance(治理) that China brought up earlier during the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation(第三届“一带一路”国 际合作高峰论坛) in Beijing. Wu also talked about the importance of focusing on people, being responsible and making sure there are mutual benefits(互惠互利) in AI development. 2. Before the summit, the UK government made some funding plans. 3. Workers need to learn how to use AI tools. For example, people in customer service jobs are being taught to use AI chatbots(聊天机器人) to deal with common customer questions. 4. Also, US President Joe Biden issued(颁布) a new order on AI on Oct. 30, 2023. 5. “The order includes creating new safety standards(标准) for AI, protecting people􀆳s privacy(隐私), and speeding up job creation for workers skiled in the field.” 根据短文内容,从所给的七个选项中选择合 适的选项填入文中空白处(有两项多余)。 A. They hope to provide training to make sure that workers are ready for the future with AI. B. For example, AI systems might make unfair choices. C. The AI is going into people􀆳s houses and it wil play a role in their daily life. D. He caled for the Global South to have more say in the governance of AI. E. This way, people can do more important tasks while chatbots do simpler ones. F. AI chatbots are used in some schools to replace teachers. G. “This is the first action of its kind by the US government,” reported the media. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 英语(外研版)八年级上 31 外刊阅读 ▶ “答案与解析”见P5 阅读理解。 廷克的小岛 Sam and Jenny are happy on the island for one year. Then one day something happens. It is early in the morning. Sam is looking for coconuts(椰子). He puts his foot on a snake and it bites(咬) him. Two hours later Jenny finds her father on the ground. He cannot walk. She puls him along the beach to the house. Jenny sits next to his bed for three days and nights. Then Sam opens his eyes. “Jenny?” he asks. “Jenny—is that you?” After ten days Sam is wel again, ▲ . He sleeps a lot and Jenny does al the work. She catches fish, finds coconuts, makes fires and cooks. Then, one morning, she sees something. It is a ship and it is coming to the island. She runs to the house to find her father. “Dad, Dad!” she says. “Come and look!” Sam walks to the door of the smal house. “Do you think it􀆳s the Black Star?” he asks nervously. “I don􀆳t know,” Jenny answers. Sam looks at the ship. He can see three men. They are putting a boat in the water. “I don􀆳t like this,” he says. “I don􀆳t like this at al. Come on.” He starts to run. Twenty minutes later the three men are on Tinkers Island. Sam and Jenny stand behind a big tree and look at them. “It􀆳s OK, Dad,” says Jenny. “They􀆳re not from the Black Star.” At that moment one of the men turns and says, “Who􀆳s there?” He has got a gun. “P-please don􀆳t k-kil us,” says Jenny. The man looks at her. “You􀆳re English!” he says. That evening one of the men says to the Tinkers, “Our ship, the Red Rose, is going to America. Come with us. You can start a new life there.” The next day is January 1st, 1800. Sam and Jenny are on the Red Rose. They are happy but sad. The island is very smal now. “Goodbye, Tinkers Island,” they say. (素材来源: Tinkers Island) 1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. Jenny is very good at fishing. B. Sam and Jenny live on coconuts. C. Something bad happens to Sam. D. There are many snakes on the island. 2. 创新考法·还原信息 Which of the folowing can be put into “ ▲ ”? A. for he sleeps too long B. so he helps Jenny a lot C. and he feels very strong D. but he is not very strong 3. What do you know about the “Black Star”? A. It􀆳s an island that is far away. B. It􀆳s a ship that Sam is scared of. C. It􀆳s a ship that Sam wants to meet. D. It􀆳s an island where Sam once lived. 4. 创新考法·情节推断 What wil Sam and Jenny most likely do according to the passage? A. In a few weeks, they wil arrive in America. B. Next week, they wil get back to England. C. Next day, they wil meet a terrible sand- storm. D. In a few hours, they wil get on the Black Star. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 Module 3 Sports Unit 3 Language in use [语法专题特训] 一、 1. loudly 2. carefuly 3. usualy 4. better 5. harder; better 6. clearly; easily 7. slowly 8. more difficult 9. heavy; heavily 10. more clearly 二、 1~5. BDBAB 6~8. ACD 三、 1. I think cycling is more relaxing than running. 2. It􀆳s more difficult for old people to learn English. 3. The teacher speaks slowly, so I can hear clearly. 4. We need to learn English quickly and speak it better. 5. I must study English harder than before. [写作专题特训] One possible version: There􀆳s a sports meeting in our school every year. There are many popular activities in the sports meeting, such as footbal, basketbal, voleybal and basebal. I like basebal best because I think it is more exciting and relaxing than the other activities. We hold the sports meeting on the playground of our school. Last year when my classmates took part in sports events, I cheered loudly and took photos for them. They did lots of practice. So they won at last. When they won, I was as happy as them. After the sports meeting, I helped clean up the playground. Though I􀆳m not good at sports, I stil enjoy the sports meeting. Helping others makes me happy. Doing exercise is good for our health, so I wil do more sports. I hope our school can hold sports meetings more often in the future. 模块整合拓展 一、 1. getting 2. pleased 3. boring 4. exciting; excited 5. more careful; fewer 二、 1~5. ACBBA 6~10. AAACD 11~13. DDA 三、 1. I am bored with his long speech. 2. Would you mind my sitting here? 3. They lost to Class One and lost the match. 4. In the basketbal match, our class wil play against Class One. 5. I get up early every day so that I can catch the early bus. 6. The more books you read, the more you􀆳l know. 7. I􀆳m very pleased to see Tony in Beijing again. 学霸新视野 时文阅读 1. B B项表示“人工智能系统可能会做出不公平的选 择”。它与下文的人们的担心相衔接。 2. D D项表示“他要求‘全球南方’在人工智能治理方面 拥有更多的发言权”。它与上文的他的关注相衔接。 3. A A项表示“他们希望提供培训,以确保工人们为伴 有人工智能的未来做好了准备”。它与下文的工人们需要 学会怎样使用AI工具相衔接。 4. E E项表示“这样,人们就可以做更重要的任务,而聊 天机器人则可以做更简单的任务”。它是对上文的聊天机 器人能力的进一步补充说明。 5. G G项表示“据媒体报道,这是美国政府首次采取此类 行动”。它与上文的美国总统颁布命令相衔接。 外刊阅读 1. C 段落大意题。通读第二段,且由首句“Then one day something happens.”可知,第二段主要谈及萨姆出了意外。 2. D 推理判断题。由下文他睡了很长时间,珍妮做所有 的工作可知,上文对应表示:萨姆恢复了健康,但不是很 强壮。 3. B 推理判断题。由“‘Do you think it􀆳s the Black Star?’ he asks nervously ...”“‘I don􀆳t like this,’ he says. ‘I don􀆳t like this at al. Come on.’ He starts to run.”可推知, 黑星号是令萨姆害怕的船。 4. A 推理判断题。倒数第二段提及红玫瑰号要去美国。 最后一段提及萨姆和珍妮登上红玫瑰号,跟廷克岛说再 见,由此可推知,他们最可能在几周后到达美国。 Module 4　Planes, ships and trains Unit 1 He lives the farthest from school. [单元新知特训] 一、 1. crowded 2. choice 3. except 4. road 5. classmates 二、 1. highest 2. talest 3. longest 4. most 5. most expensive 三、 1. best 2. biggest 3. accidents 4. farthest 5. closest 四、 1. They are working hard al the time. 2. It􀆳s a good choice to go to work by bike./It􀆳s a good choice to ride a bike to work. 3. There is so much traffic on the road that we should take the underground to the stadium/go to the stadium by underground. 4. Betty lives the farthest from the park, so she goes there by bus/takes a bus there. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 5 [阅读提优特训] 五、 1~5. GAFCE 六、 1. B 代词指代题。上一句提到东汉的蔡伦发明了用 于书写和绘画的优质纸,这使得在中国发展剪纸艺术成为 可能。故画线单词this指的是“优质纸的发明”。 2. A 细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知,在隋唐时期, 有专门描写剪纸的诗歌。 3. D 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句可推知,人们用剪 纸技术来加工金箔或银箔,以装饰女子使用的铜镜的背 面,是为了让铜镜看起来更漂亮。 Unit 2 What is the best way to travel [单元新知特训] 一、 1. However 2. journey 3. book 4. park 5. cost 二、 1. largest 2. more; better 3. cheapest 4. to finish 5. third 三、 1. travel 2. a lot 3. Because of 4. the closest 5. outside 四、 1~4. CDCC [阅读提优特训] 五、 1. how 2. passing 3. the 4. relaxed 5. of 6. Don􀆳t forget 7. pictures 8. to keep 9. quickly 10. listening 六、 1. B 根据下文中“Many thanks to Tony for giving us ...and making our visit pleasant!”可知,迪士尼工作人 员的暖心举动让这次的游玩变得很特别。 2. D 根据下文中“so we were too ...to remember that ice cream was not alowed on the ride”可知,乘坐飞越太空 山项目游乐设施时不能带冰激凌。 3. B 根据上文中It was our first time being there可知, 因为是第一次去那里游玩,作者一家太过兴奋而忘记了不 能将冰激凌带上游乐设施。 4. A 根据上文中our little daughter Gloria couldn􀆳t take her ice cream on the ride可知,因为格洛丽亚不能带着她的 冰激凌上游乐设施,所以她哭了。 5. B 根据下文中give it to her when she finished the ride 可知,工作人员托尼告诉格洛丽亚,他会帮她保管冰激凌, 等她玩完飞越太空山的项目之后再给她。 6. C enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心”,该句主语为she,故 反身代词应用herself。 7. B 根 据 语 境 及 下 文 中 “there was Gloria􀆳s new friend ...‘her ice cream’”可知,作者一家从游乐设施上下 来后,又回去找了托尼。 8. A 根据语境及上文中Then she gave Tony her ice cream可知,托尼拿着冰激凌。 9. D 根 据 上 文 中 Now you and I both know what happened可知,空格后是在解释原因,应填because。 10. A 根据常识可知,冰激凌不会在佛罗里达州夏日的 下午保持30分钟以上不化。 11. B 根据下文中“He went to the nearest shop and ... a new ice cream half a minute before we walked out of the exit.”可知,托尼知道作者一家从游乐设施上下来的时间, 所以踩着点去买回了新的冰激凌。 12. C 根据上文中He went to the nearest shop可知,托 尼去商店是为了买冰激凌。 13. B 根据上文中“when we came back, there was Gloria􀆳s new friend with ‘her ice cream’”可知,托尼在作者 一家游玩时帮格洛丽亚保管冰激凌,所以此处是格洛丽亚 在跟他道谢。 14. A 根据上文中 He went to the nearest shop and bought a new ice cream可知,托尼给格洛丽亚买了一支新 的冰激凌,但是格洛丽亚没有察觉这是一支不同的冰激凌。 15. C 根据上文内容可知,此处是作者在感谢托尼的 帮忙。 Unit 3 Language in use [语法专题特训] 一、 1. longest 2. largest 3. safest 4. the cleverest 5. the most interesting 6. best 7. most beautifuly 二、 1~5. DBDCB 6~7. DB 三、 1. I think traveling by plane is the fastest but also the most expensive way. 2. My home is the closest to school in my class. 3. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. 4. Who runs (the) fastest, Tom, Tony or Daming? 5. What􀆳s your favourite subject?/What subject is your favourite?/What subject do you like best? [写作专题特训] One possible version: Dear Xiaoming, I am glad to hear that you are going to visit my home town. Welcome! Did you decide how to come here? There are four ways you can choose from: by plane, by train, by coach and by car. A journey by plane is more relaxing than by train, but it􀆳s a lot more expensive. And if you fly, it is usualy less convenient because the airport is about 86 kilometres away from my home. You can also choose to come here by train. 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 􀥈 6