Unit 5 Working the land Reading and Thinking 知识点课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 5　Working the land 　Reading and Thinking language points 词汇巩固与重点句式 Para.1 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China’s most famous scientists.Yet, he considers himself a farmer because he continually works the land in his research.Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of million of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. “被称作……”；过去分词短语作定语 devote…to…把……用于；献身；致力；专心 替代 the body 非限制性定语从句 “consider…(to be/as )+n/adj.”把……看做；认为是 1.作为…而出名_______________; 2.杂交水稻之父_____________________ 3.耕种土地___________________; 4.献身于；致力于___________________ be known as father of hybrid rice work the land devote...to... 1. consider vt.认为，觉得； vi. & vt.仔细考虑 核心用法 (1)consider sb./sth (as/to be)＋n./adj.认为某人/某物……(被动) (2)be considered to have done sth. 被认为做了某事 (3)consider it＋adj./n.＋to do/that从句... 认为…是…的(it形宾） adj.常为necessary（essential）, important, polite (4)consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 ❶This award is considered (to be) a great honour.这个奖被视为极大的荣誉。 ❷He's considered to have gone abroad.大家都认为他出国了。 ❸I consider it a foolish idea to accept the invitation. 我认为接受这个邀请是一个愚蠢的想法。 ❹We are considering going to Hainan for the Spring Festival. 我们正在考虑去海南过春节。 Para.2 Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. 表语从句 在句子中不作成分，没有含义 不定式作目的状语 主语从句 1.从事（追求）科学或医药事业____________________________________________ 2.concern___________________________________; 3.欠收____________________________________ 4.严重缺乏..._____________________________________; 5.解决这个危机______________________________________ pursue a career in science or medicine pursuit n. n.关心；忧虑 v.涉及；影响；使担心 poor/bad harvests 丰收 good harvests a serious shortage of ... tackle this crisis 处理；应对 deal with However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 然而，让他最担心的是农民经常收成不好，有时甚至是严重的食物短缺。 此句是由what引导的______从句，what在从句中作______语； 此句是由that引导的_______从句，that在此句中不充当成分，但不能省略. 翻译：我想要说的就是我们应该用更认真的态度对待学习。 What I want to say is that we should take a more serious attitude towards study. 事故的起因是未知的。 What caused the accident remains unknown. Practice: 1. ______ impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses. 2.The result is ___________ we won the game. What that 主语 主 表语 5 After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher. Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. Para.3 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 1. 从事...职业 work as... 2. 增加产量 boost yields 3. 使某人相信 sb be convinced that/of... 增强某人的信心 boost one’s confidence 4. 高产 high yield 低产 low yield vt.出产（作物）；产生（收益） yield[c.u.]产量 vi.屈服；让步 yield to sb.屈服于某人 attain one’s goal 达到某人的目标 However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.The common assumption then was that it could not be done.Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. 关于……问题 主语从句 表语从句 定语从句 使……能够做某事 v.扩大；增加 1. intense effort 巨大的努力 effort n.努力；成就 make an effort to do sth.努力做某事 2. be used for （doing） sth. 被用来做某事 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 3. 使某人能够做某事 enable sb. to do sth. 4. 扩大产量 expand output However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-polinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，是一件有巨大争议的事。 whether it was possible to...是由whether引导的________从句，当主语从句充当主语时，谓语动词一般用_________。 翻译：他是否要来，还没有决定。 Whether he will come has not been decided. 主语 单数 8 判断一下句子属于哪一种从句 1.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. 2.Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. 3.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 4.One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. 5.whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 6. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 7.Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974 宾语从句 定语从句 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 定语从句 6. assumption n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得 _______________ v.假定；假设；承担；假装 assume 核心用法 ① on the assumption that... 假定…… make assumptions/an assumption (about) 对…作出假设/假定；认为 ② assume sb. /sth. (to be)+adj./n 假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is assumed that... 人们认为…… [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the ___________ (assume) you've made. ②Websites and social networks track your location and search history and make assumptions ________ your age, race and sex. ③What will you do ________ the assumption that you can't beat him in the first round of the match? Para.4 Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam.Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping has received numerous awards both in China and abroad. “据估计……”it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语 由……组成 转折并列连词 that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作主语 1.据估计________________________; 2.由…组成____________________________ 3.允许某人做某事_________________________; 4.在国内外________________________ 5. 不仅...而且... __________________ 6. 依赖；依靠 ____________________ 7. 也，还 _____________________ 8. 由于 _____________________ it is estimated that从句 be comprised of allow sb. to do sth. both in China and abroad it is estimated that... 是一个主语从句，it 充当的是形式主语，真正的主语为 that后面的部分。在that引导的从句中，主语about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption由 “百分数+of+名词”构成，谓语动词的数应与名词的数保持一致。consumption是不可数名词，故谓语动词用is. generated from是过去分词作后置定语，修饰crops. not just...but... depend on as well because of 据估算现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种形成的作物让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. Para.5 Given that Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.However, this is far from the case. Deep down, Yuan is still very much a farmer at heart. As a man of the soil, he cares little for celebrity or money. Instead, he makes large donations to support agricultural research. “given + that从句”考虑到，鉴于，引导条件状语从句 省略了连接词that的宾语从句 1.鉴于 given that... 2.退休去过...的生活 retire to a life of ... 3.远非；远非，完全不 far from 4.在内心深处；实际上 deep down； at heart 5.very much 非常；确实是（在文中表示程度，起强调作用，不用翻译） 6.捐了大量款 make large donations to... Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.考虑到袁隆平的杂交作物已经让他变得相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。 考虑到她喜欢小孩子，我可以肯定教书是很适合她的职业。 _____________________________，I'm sure teaching is the right career for her. Given/Considering that she is interested in children Given/Considering her interest in children given prep.意为“鉴于，考虑到”，构成“given＋that从句”，在句中常作状语。 特别提示：given可以用considering来替换 ❶Given their inexperience，they've done a good job. 考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经做得不错了。 ❷Given that he has had six months to finish the task, he hasn't made much progress.鉴于他有六个月的时间完这项工作，他并没有取得太多进展。 ❶From his slow walk, Gill realized he was far from well. 看他步履缓慢的样子，吉尔意识到他的身体还远未恢复。 ❷Far from being relaxed, we both felt so uncomfortable that we hardly spoke. 我们两人非但没有放松，反而都感觉很不自在，几乎没有说话。 ❸I know a nice little Italian restaurant not far from here. 我知道有家不错的意大利小餐馆离这儿不远。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①For many foreigners, ever if they have learned Chinese for several years, they are still far from ________ (be) experts at this complex language. ②—Is the post office _____________ (远离) our school? —No, it's only about 2 kilometers. You can walk there. 远非 完全不 远离 far from 远非；完全不；远离=far away from 特别提示：表示具体的距离时，不能用far (away) from，要用away from, away可以省略。他家离这儿有两英里远。 【误】His home is two miles far (away) from here. 【正】His home is two miles (away) from here. Para.6 What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.Long ago, he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum, with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad. 不定式作定语 主语从句 成功地做某事 在国内外 What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. 袁隆平给人们印象最深的事他不断实现梦想的能力。 What impresses people most...是一个______________。意思是“令人印象最深刻的是” 。 翻译：这座城市令人印象最深刻的就是它的多元文化。 What impresses people most about the city is its cultural diversity. fulfil his dreams表示“ 实现梦想”，类似的表达还有： realize/achieve/act out one's dream; make one's dream come true 主语从句 with+宾语+宾补 prep 短语 adj/adv短语 to do doing done n 短语 表示动作将要发生 表示主动或正在进行 表示被动或完成 “with+宾语+宾语补足语”称为with的复合结构，此结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置定语 with each ear of rice as big as a broom . 18 The girl looked up with tears in her eyes. They set up a football team, with Tom their leader. With the teacher standing beside，she felt a bit uneasy . With his hair cut, he looks much younger. With her to go with us, we're sure to have a pleasant journey. The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on. With his parents away, Tom becomes more naughty. prep 短语 adv短语 to do doing done n 短语 With her parents dead, the girl had to left school. adj短语 找出with复合结构中的宾补，并判断何种词性及其短语 1.With a lot of homework _________， I can't go skating with you. 因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰了。 2.With more and more forests/trees_________, some animals are facing the danger of dying out.由于越来越多的森林/树木被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。 3.With a local guide ____________________, we got there easily. 有地方向导带路，我们很容易就到了那儿。 With summer _________(come), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter. 随着夏天的到来，天气越来越热。 With Mr. Smith________(teach) them English next term, they will be greatly improved in spoken English. 下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会大有提高。 即学即练 to do cut down leading the way to teach coming ___________________________________ the room was very cold. 老师手里拿着书走进来。(with + 宾语 + 介词短语) 门窗大开，屋内很冷。(with + 宾语 + 形容词) With the door and windows open wide, The teacher came in__ __________________. with a book in his hand 有本地人当向导，我们不必担心会迷路(with + 宾语 + 名词)。 _______________________, we needn't be afraid to get lost. With a native our guide His later vision for "seawater rice" also became a reality, and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometers of salty land in China for rice production. Even in his later years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone was always excited to see what he would dreaming up next. 1. 成为现实 become a reality 2. 开发；开辟 open up 3. 对做...感到兴奋 be excited to do sth. 4. 富有远见；充满憧憬 full of vision 4. 凭空想象；虚构出（尤指荒诞不经的事） dream up assumption　 about　 on far (away) from being　 $$