第08讲 Unit 4 Comic strip—Grammar-八年级英语上册知识点讲解及课后练习(江苏专用)

第08讲 Unit 4 Comic strip—Grammar 适用学科 苏版牛津初中英语 适用年级 八年级 适用区域 江苏 本讲时长 3课时 知识点 及学习目标 1、8A unit 4 Comic strip—Grammar重点单词和短语 2、8A unit 4 Comic strip—Grammar 常考固定搭配和句型 3、祈使句；用should和had better 提建议 【重点词汇】translation practice: 1. had better (not) do sth 最好（不要）做某事 2. a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 3. instead of (doing) sth 代替（做）某事 4. be crazy about 对…着迷 5. put in a brighter light 装个亮点的等 6. make a mistake 犯错误 7. have a power cut 供电中断，停电 8. fill…wiyh… 用…填充… 9. fill the room with water 弄得房间到处是水 10. read the clear instructions 读清晰的指示 11. be crazy about 对…疯狂的 12. look terrible 看起来糟糕 13. put up a picture 挂画 14. his whole house 他全部的房间 15. add…to… 将…增加到… 16. for example 例如 17. tidy up 收拾妥，整理好 18. put away 放好；把…收起来 19. keep it secret 保密 20. go wrong 弄粗；犯错；（机器）出故障 21. cut out 剪出 22. read them first 先读读它们 23. enjoy making something new 喜欢制作新东西 24. make some paper roses 做些纸玫瑰 25. three brushes 三把刷子 26. decorate his house 装饰他的房子 27. hit the pipe 敲裂了水管 28. paint the wall blue 把墙刷成蓝色 29. take a course in DIY 学DIY方面的课程 30. attend lessons 上课 31. keep on painting 坚持画画 32. read all the books myself 自己读所有的书 33. make sentences 造句 34. remember things better 更好的记住事情 35. on the other side 在另一边 36. touch the wet paint 触碰湿的画 37. fix the shelf for me 为我装架子 一、8A Unit4知识点梳理(上) 知识点1：Here are clear instructions. (P42) 这里有清楚的指示。 （1）instruction,名词，意思是_____________ 阅读清楚指示__________________________________ 对…的说明___________________________________ （2）动词形式是___________________，意思是“教导；指示；命令；说明” 指导某人做某事______________________ （3）教练；教员；讲师______________________ 知识点2：It stands for “do-it-yourself”. (43) 它代表自己动手做。 （1）stand for 意思是_______________________,无被动语态 eg: CCTV stands for China Central Television Station. （2）represent 意思是____________________________，可用被动语态 eg: The statue represents farmers praying to God. The country was represented at the conference by the Foreign Minister. （3）有关stand的常用短语 反对____________________ eg: They all stood against the war. 突出；显著____________________ eg: Her talent stood out in comparison with the others. 知识点3: When you do DIT, you make, repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. （1）instead是副词，意为_____________________，在句子中作状语，通常位于句末，如果位于句首，则要用“，”与句子后面隔开。 eg: Instead, if they want to buy something, they have to ask themselves. How about if we go tomorrow instead? （2）instead of意为____________________，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，还可以接与前面对等的形容词、副词或介词短语等。 eg: We should learn from him instead of laughing at him. They go there on foot instead of by bus. I will go instead of you. 知识点4：He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake. (P44) 他曾经试着在他的房间装上更亮的灯，但他犯了错误。 （1）once作副词，可意为______________________。 两次________________ 三次_________________ 四次_________________ once用作连接词，意为_______________________,用于连接时间状语从句；意为___________，引导条件状语从句 （2）put in 意为________________________ 例：他们要安装新窗户。______________________________________________ 【拓展】put短语 put away____________________________ put on______________________________ put off_____________________________ put into____________________________ put down_____________________________ put out_____________________________ （3）make a mistake意为_______________________________,还可表示为____________________,mistake为可数名词，意为________________________ 例：He’s poor at spelling. He made a lot of m_________ in his writing. （4）make构成的短语 吵闹，弄出噪声____________________________ 与……交朋友_____________________________ 做鬼脸_____________________________ 谋生________________________________ 取笑，嘲笑______________________________ 确信，务必，弄清楚______________________________ 下定决心______________________________________ 弥补，构成，编造______________________________ 把……变成____________________________________ 知识点5：I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY. (P44) 我给他买了一些关于DIY的书，并且建议他参加DIY的课程。 （1）advice是不可数名词，意为________________________ 一条建议__________________________ 两条建议__________________________ eg: Let me give you some advice. （2）advise 是及物动词，意为_________________________ 建议做某事__________________________ eg: He advised us to sell the house. 建议某人做某事_____________________________ eg: I advise waiting till the right time. 劝告某人不要做某事_________________________________ 【拓展】 （1）give advice (on) …意为_______________________。例如： Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well? 你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗？ （2）take one’s advice意为______________________。例如： I’ll take your advice, and do exercise every day. 我会听从你的建议，每天锻炼身体。 知识点6： He loves to repair things and decorate his house. (P44) 他喜欢修东西和装饰他的房子。 decorate,动词，意思是__________________ 用…装饰…_____________________________ 用植物装饰房间__________________________________ 名词___________________ eg: We decorate the house with the Christmas tree. 知识点7：My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. crazy，形容词，意思是__________________ 对…着迷_______________________________ 例：汤姆对音乐很着迷。__________________________________ 知识点8：…but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water. (P44) ……但他敲裂了水管，弄得房间里到处都是水。 句中的fill表示________________________, 用…充满…______________________________ 知识点9：They couldn’t stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other. (P44) 书无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一段要高得多。 副词much+形容词比较级，类似的表达还有much bigger________________, much more_______________, much more beautiful__________________________ 知识点10：But he kept on painting. (P44) 蛋挞继续粉刷。 keep doing, keep on doing两者均可表示“继续做某事，反复做某事”，但是keep on更强调时间的间隔性和动作的反复性，及某人做某事的决心。 例：He kept on ________________(talk) until the class was over. 知识点11：But this just made him angry—he says he already knows everything about it. (P44) 但这让他很生气——他说他已经知道了关于它的一切。 make及物动词，意为“使……成为……;使成为……,让……，使……”，后 符合宾语，常由形容词、名词、介词短语或动词原型充到宾语补足语。 make+sb./sth.+adj.，意为_____________________ make sb./sth.+名词，意为________________________ make sb./sth. do sth，意为______________________ 例：I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday evening. No one was at home, and Mom and Dad hadn’t left me a note. This made me_________________. A. angrily B. happy C. angry D. happily 知识点12：Please fix the shelf for me. (P47) 请为我安装架子。 fix作动词，意为_______________________________ eg: He fixed a shelf to the wall. My watch has stopped. It needs fixing. Have you fixed on a data for the wedding? 【拓展】fix up__________________________ 如果fix up的宾语是代词，须置于fix与up之间；如果宾语是名词，置于uo之前或之后均可。 eg: My radio doesn’t work. Can you fix it up for me? 二、祈使句；用had better提建议 祈使句 祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。通常用动词原形开头，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。 1. 肯定的祈使句 句型：动词原形+其他成分 Come in! 进来！ Be quite! 安静！ 有时为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加上do，表示“务必，一定” Do come and see me! 一定要来看我！ Do be careful! 一定要当心！ 2. 否定的祈使句 句型（1）Don’t+动词原形+其他成分 Don’t be late. 不要迟到。 Don’t talk in class. 不要在课堂上讲话。 （2）Let’s not+动词原形+其他成分 Let’s not speak loudly. 我们不要大声说话。 3. 有时为了表示委婉的语气，可在句首或句尾加上please，但please加在句尾时，前面常用逗号隔开。 Please let me have a look. 请让我看看。 Sit down, please. 请坐 用should和had better提建议 had better, should “最好”“应该”做某事，表示给他人提建议。had better的语气比should强一点 You had better water the flowers as soon as possible. All of us should take part in this activity. 注意：had better和should+动词原形，had better = ’d better We’d better leave before it rains. had better, should否定形式：had better not 和should not/shouldn’t You had better not play computer games now. He shouldn’t be late for school again. 1、 把下列汉语词组翻译成英语。 1．着迷________________________ 2．装饰房子___________________ 3．看起来糟糕________________ 4．安装________________ 5．犯错误________________ 6．把图片张贴到墙上________________ 7．用……充满……________________ 8．把墙粉刷成蓝色________________ 9．把书放到书架上________________ 10．学习课程________________ 11．知道更多关于……________________ 12．不仅……而且……________________ 2、 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。 1．I had a cold yesterday．The doctor a________ me to take a rest． 2．All the students will a________ the meeting． 3．Don’t worry．I will c________ my work next week． 4．The car won’t start．Can you f________ it? 5．He is too busy．Let me go i________． 6．She thought that it was too dark in her ________(卧室)． 7．The man attends lessons every ________(星期六)． 8．There is no ________(电) in my house all day． 9．Tom paints his cat blue，but it looks ________(糟糕的)． 三、 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空（每空不限一词）。 1．As we all know，light ________(travel) faster than sound． 2．He hopes he ________(win) first prize again in the 2016 Olympic Games． 3．Wang Hao spends 6 hours ________(practise) ________(play) table tennis every day． 4．It rained heavily yesterday，so my father ________(drive) me to school． 5．Kitty said she ________(prefer) to go to the USA． 6．________(not be) late for school again，Tom． 7．My computer _______(go) wrong yesterday. 8．The American flag _______(stand) for freedom and justice(公平). 一、单项选择 1．Tell the children _______ unhealthy food．It’s bad for their health． A．not to eat B．not eating C．to eat D．eating 2．Mrs. Brown is nice．Every day she tried to cook _______ for me during my stay in Canada． A．something different B．anything different C．different anything D．different something 3．—Jack，is maths difficult to learn in high school? —Sure．No subject can be learned well _______ hard work． A．without B．through C．by D．with 4．—Dad，why should I stop _______ computer games? —For your health，my boy． A．to play B．playing C．play D．to playing 5．The family had to stay at the hotel，_______ it was raining hard． A．because B．although C．until D．unless 6．_______ Tom _______ Mary speaks good Chinese，so they can communicate with these Chinese students very well． A．Neither；nor B．Not only；but also C．Both；and D．Either；or 7．PE stands _______ “Physical Education”． A．in B．at C．up D．for 8．Your words made her _______． A．happily B．angrily C．crying D．angry 9．A mobile phone of this type costs too much．You’d better _______． A．wait B．waiting C．waited D．to wait 10．—Would you please help me to take these books downstairs? —_______． A．Yes，please B．No problem C．That’s right D．Let’s go 11．Here’s some tea _______ you． A．in B．with C．for D．to 12．—Don’t forget _______ your history and politics books tomorrow morning． —Thanks．I won’t． A．to bringing B．to bring C．bringing D．bring 13．We can’t work out the physics problem．Can you tell us _______? A．how to do B．what to do it C．how to do it D．what should to do 14．—I often have hamburgers for lunch． —You’d better not．It’s bad for you _______ to much junk food． A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．ate 15．It’s impolite _______ others． A．laughs at B．to laugh at C．laugh at D．laughing at [真题链接] 1. （2014年黄冈中考） － Put some butter on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter. What else? － Next, ______ some tomatoes. A. cut up 　B. cuts up　 C. to cut up 　D. cutting up 2. Tom’s mother told him _______ eating too much meat. （2014黔西南州中考） A. stopping B. to stop C. stops D. stopped 3. —How do you like the two pairs of shorts? (2014年山东省滨州市中考） —They don’t fit me well. They are too long too short. A. not only; but also B. both; and C. neither; nor D. either; or 二、完形填空 Amy was a little girl. She lived near a fruit shop in the village. The shop was 1 by Mr.Smith. One day Mr. Smith said to Amy, “Would you like to earn(赚) some money? ” “Oh, yes,” replied she, “for I want some new shoes, and dad has no 2 to buy them with.” “Well, Amy,” said Mr. Smith, “there are some fine 3 in Mr. Green’s garden, and he said that anybody was welcome to them. I will 4 you thirteen cents(美分) a kilogram for all you will pick for me.” Amy was so 5 that she decided to go to pick the grapes as soon as possible. She ran home to get a 6 at once. Then she thought she would like to know how much money she would get 7 she picked five kilograms. 8 the help of her pencil, she found out that she would get sixty-five cents. “But supposing I should pick twelve kilograms,” thought she, “ 9 should I earn then?” “Dear me,” she said, after figuring(计算) a while, “I should earn one dollar and 10 cents.” Amy then found out what Mr. Smith would pay her for fifty, a hundred, and two hundred kilograms. It took 11 some time to do this, and then it was so near lunchtime that she had to 12 at home until afternoon. As soon as lunch was 13 , she took her basket and 14 to the garden. Some boys had been there before lunch, and all the fine grapes were picked. As she went home, she 15 what her teacher had often told her—“Do your task at once; then think about it,” for “one doer is worth a hundred dreamers.” 1. A. kept B. found C. made D. sold 2. A. idea B. use C. money D. place 3. A. apples B. bananas C. grapes D. pears 4. A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take 5. A. sad B. worried C. interesting D. happy 6. A. box B. basket C. bag D. bottle 7. A. until B. although C. if D. whether 8. A. With B. Under C. In D. On 9. A. how long B. how often C. how many D. how much 10. A. fifty-six B. sixty-five C. thirteen D. thirty 11. A. him B. her C. me D. us 12. A. pick B. cry C. make D. stay 13. A. over B. away C. up D. off 14. A. returned B. hurried C. sent D. belonged 15. A. talked about B. talked with C. thought of D. thought over 三、阅读理解 A Tom was a helpful boy. Every Sunday morning, he walked to the newspaper kiosk(报刊亭) at the supermarket to buy a newspaper for his dad. He liked to leave the house early as it was more peaceful then, with fewer cars in the streets. One Sunday morning, when Tom arrived at the supermarket, he saw his neighbour, old Mrs. Jackson. She was choosing apples at the fruit shop. Tom greeted her and then went to get his newspaper. As he was leaving, Tom saw Mrs. Jackson walking in front of him. Her bag looked very heavy. “Would you like me to carry that for you, Mrs. Jackson?” Tom asked. “What a helpful boy you are, Tom! Thank you. It is heavy,” she replied. Tom picked up the heavy bag and began walking slowly home with Mrs. Jackson. The bag seemed to grow heavier with each step. Then, just as they were about to cross the road, it fell off Tom’s hand and dropped on the hard road! “Oh, no!” cried Tom. “The fruit will be squashed(压扁).” Mrs. Jackson looked into the bag. “Yes, the fruit does look a bit squashed. But don’t worry, Tom. I like fruit juice. I’ll just make juice instead. Call at my house this afternoon. We’ll have some delicious cold fruit juice together!” she said with a wide smile. 1. Tom went to the newspaper kiosk every Sunday morning to buy a newspaper for ______. A. his dad　　　　B. his mum　　　　C. his neighbour　　　　D. himself 2. Mrs. Jackson was ______ when Tom arrived at the supermarket. A. reading a newspaper B. buying some apples C. carrying a big basket D. making some juice 3. The underlined sentence “The bag seemed to grow heavier with each step” in the passage means ______. A. the bag became heavier and heavier on their way home B. Tom was strong enough to carry the bag easily C. Tom was tired and didn’t want to carry the bag any more D. the bag was so heavy that Tom couldn’t carry it easily 4. We can infer (推断) from the last paragraph that Mrs. Jackson will ______ in the afternoon. A. buy some delicious juice for Tom B. sell the squashed apples to others C. ask Tom to make some juice for her D. make some juice and share it with Tom B Sixteen-year-old Amy Martin is on holiday with her family in San Diego, California, in the United States. They’re staying at the Coronado Bay Resort Hotel. After lunch, Amy and her parents are going swimming in the hotel pool. The fourth member of their family, Martha, is going to take a surfing class. But here’s the unusual thing: Martha is a dog. At the Coronado Bay Resort Hotel, dogs and cats are special guests. For example, Martha stays in the same room with Amy and her parents. Martha also has her own bed. Cooks make special meals for dogs and cats. And for run, the animals can go surfing. There are many animal-friendly hotels around the world. For example, at hotels in Italy and Mexico, there are dining rooms for dogs and cats where they can eat special food. At the Devon Hotel in the United Kingdom, dogs can exercise. Then they can relax in a pool for animals. Staying at these hotels costs extra money. It usually costs $200 more a night. But most hotel guests with pets are happy to pay. “Martha is a part of our family,” says Amy Martin. “When we travel, she comes with us.” 5. Who is Martha? A. A dog B. A cat C. Amy’s doll D. An unusual person 6. What is the passage about? A. Unusual animals B. Holiday activities C. Amy’s family D. Animal-friendly hotels 7. If you stay at the Devon Hotel, . A. you should pay extra B. you’ll only pay $200 a night C. you’ll only pay for your pet D. your pet can stay for free 8. Which of the following information can be found in this passage? ①Animals have their own beds at the Coronado Bay Resort Hotel. ②Cooks make special food for animals at the Coronado Bay Resort Hotel. ③Doctors will take care of animals if necessary at the Devon Hotel. ④Animals can do exercise at the Devon Hotel. A.①②③ B. ①②④ C. ②③④ D. ①③④ C A 15-year-old student who invented a flashlight(手电筒) getting power from the holder's body heat is going home today from California with a big prize and a chance to do further research. Ann Makosinski was the only Canadian among the four winners at Google’s international science competition. Thousands of young scientists from around the world took part in the competition. Winning the science and technology competition was “a surprise”. Ann said, “I think it will have a great influence on my future.” Ann thanked her family for encouraging her interest in science and said that her first toy was a box of transistors(晶体管). Ann’s prize includes $ 25,000 and a “once in a-lifetime experience” from Google for her Hollow Flashlight, which has no moving parts or batteries. The idea for the invention came from seeing unwanted batteries and her friend’s experience. When Ann visited a friend in the Philippines, she saw the friend couldn’t study when it became dark because there was no electricity or light. She saw the need for a flashlight that has no batteries—Hollow Flashlight. In her project, Ann wrote “I made two flashlights that do not use any batteries or harmful materials. They do not create any noise and will always work. The flashlight needs at least a 5℃ temperature difference between the holder’s body and the environment around to produce light.” A video of Ann explaining how she created the flashlight has been watched more than 1.4 million times on the Internet. Though Ann was successful, she has not made a decision about her career path. Ann hope that she can find a way to join her love of film and science together. The four winners were chosen from 15 final competitors from eight countries. The competition attracted thousands of students in 120 countries. 9. In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage? A. Travel. B. Culture. C. Technology. D. Advertisement. 10. The first paragraph is written to be a(n) ________. A. introduction B. warning C. argument D. discussion 11. Paragraph 6 mainly tells us ________. A. what Ann saw in the Philippines B. why Ann invented Hollow Flashlight C. how Ann’s family encouraged her interest D. what prize Ann got for Hollow Flashlight 12. According to the passage, we learn ________. A. easy to win the international science competition B. Hollow Flashlight is safe, noiseless and can save energy C. Ann has made a decision to be a scientist in the future D. few people are interested in how Ann created the flashlight 5 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第08讲 适用区域 江苏 适用年级 八年级 知识积累【答案】 知识点1：(1) 指示；read instructions clearly; the instruction on sth. (2) instruct; instruct sb. to do sth (3) instructor 知识点2： （1）代表；代表；stand against; stand out 知识点3：代替；代替，而不是 知识点4：（1）一次；twice; three times, four times; 曾经；一旦 （2）安装；They will put in new windows. ;收起来；穿上；推迟；使处于某种状态；镇压；扑灭 （3）犯错；make mistakes;错误；mistakes; (4) make noise; make friends; make face; make a living; make laugh; make sure; make a decision; make up; make into 知识点5：(1) 建议；a piece of advice; two pieces of advice; (2) 建议；advise doing sth. ; advise sb. to do sth; advise sb not to do sth. 【拓展】（1）在某方面给建议 （2）听取某人建议 知识点6：装饰；decorate sth. with sth. ; decorate the room with the plants; decoration 知识点7：痴迷的； be crazy about; Tom is crazy about Music. 知识点8：充满的；装满的； fill sth with sth 知识点9：大的多；多的多；更漂亮的多 知识点10：talking 知识点11：使某人如何；使某人变成；使某人做某事；C 知识点12：安装；修理 课堂练习【答案】 一、 1. 着迷 - be fascinated by / be obsessed with 2. 装饰房子 - decorate the house 3. 看起来糟糕 - look terrible / look bad 4. 安装 - install / set up 5. 犯错误 - make a mistake / commit an error 6. 把图片张贴到墙上 - put up pictures on the wall / hang pictures on the wall 7. 用……充满…… - fill ... with ... 8. 把墙粉刷成蓝色 - paint the wall blue 9. 把书放到书架上 - put the books on the bookshelf / place the books in the bookshelf 10. 学习课程 - study a course / take a course 11. 知道更多关于…… - know more about ... 12. 不仅……而且…… - not only ... but also ... 二、1. advised 2. attend 3. complete 4.fix 5. instead 6. bedroom 7. Saturday 8. electricity 9. terrible 三、 1. travels 2. will win 3. practising; playing 4. drove 5. preferred 6. Don’t be 7. went 8. stands 课后作业【答案】 一、1-5 AAABA 6-10 BDDAB 11-15 CBCBB 【中考链接】1-3 ABD 二、1-5 ACCBD 6-10 BCADA 11-15 BDABC 三、 1-4 ABDD 5-8 ADAB 9-12 CABB 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$