一般过去时（讲义）-2023-2024学年人教PEP版英语六年级下册

【一般过去时详解】 一、一般过去时的概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year, yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。 二、一般过去时的结构 be动词（is，am, are）→ was/were 主语 + 谓语 实义动词→相应的动词过去式 1.表示过去的事实或状态。 例：He was very busy an hour ago.他一小时前非常忙碌。 I was eight years old last year.我去年8岁。 2.表示在过去某个时间内所作的事情，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 例：She bought many books yesterday .昨天她买了很多书。 I played table tennis with my friend last Monday.上周一我和一个朋友打乒乓球了。 3.表示过去的时间状语，有：yesterday, last week,last year,two days ago,... 三、动词的过去式 动词有规则动词和不规则动词之分。规则动词的过去式都是以-ed结尾，而不规则动词的过去式是没有规则的。规则动词过去式构成表： 动词原形 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ed work ---- worked watch ---- watched 以不发音的字母e结尾 直接加-d live ---- lived like ---- liked 以辅音字母 + y结尾 变y为i，然后再加-ed study ---- studied 以重读闭音节（辅音 + 元音 + 辅音）或r结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop ---- stopped 规则变化动词过去式记忆口诀： 过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加-ed。 如果词尾有个e，只要直接加上-d。 “辅音字母”加上y，变y为i加-ed。 “一辅重闭”做尾巴，双写之后加-ed。 过去式用于过去时，表示过去发生事。 提示：有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。 如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, eat-ate, swim-swam, buy-bought, see-saw, lose-lost teach-taught, bring-brought, think-thought, fall-fell, hurt-hurt, break-broke, win-won 四、写出下列动词或词组的过去式 1. 直接加ed walk走____________ climb爬_____________ turn转弯____________ learn学习_____________ cook dinner做饭____________ play the piano弹钢琴____________ visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母__________________________ clean the bedroom打扫卧室__________________________ wash the clothes洗衣服__________________________ answer the phone接电话　__________________________ listen to music听音乐　__________________________ clean the room打扫房间__________________________ collect insects收集昆虫__________________________ jump跳____________　row划____________　 work工作____________ show展示____________ look看____________ help帮助____________ relax放松___________ return 归还_____________ pass传递______________ watch insects观察昆虫_____________________________________ pick up leaves采摘树叶___________________________________ paint绘画______________ kick踢______________ ski 滑雪______________ 2. 直接加d like像，喜欢______________ live居住______________ dance跳舞______________ use a computer使用计算机______________ love爱______________ taste尝______________ close关上______________ prepare准备_____________ 3. 不规则变化 eat吃____________ have有；吃　____________ buy买　____________ take买；带____________ go去____________ sing唱歌____________ get up起床____________ swim游泳____________ fly飞____________ do做____________　 make the bed铺床____________ draw(drew) pictures画画 write(wrote) a letter写信 find(found)寻找到 catch（caught） butterflies捉蝴蝶 meet(met)见面 drink(drank)喝 tell(told)告诉 ride(rode)骑 drive(drove)驾驶 come(came)来 become（became）变成　 feel(felt)感觉到　 think(thought)思考　 meet(met)遇见　 fall(fell)落下　 grow种植 grew stand（stood）站立 leave离开_____________　 wake(woke) up醒来 bring带来____________ is___________ am___________ are____________ see看到_________ 4. 词形不变 read books读书__________________　put放__________________ set the table摆饭桌__________________ hit(hit) 撞击、打 cut 切、割_______ 5. 最后一个字母双写再加ed stop(stopped)停 shop购物 __________________ 6. 把y变成i再加ed empty the trash倒垃圾__________________ study学习　______________________ 5、 一般过去时的几种句型 1. be动词的一般过去式 （1）肯定句 基本句型：主语 + be动词的过去式（was, were）+ …. 如： I was very happy last night. 昨天晚上我非常开心。 He was an English teacher. 他以前是个英语老师。 There were some books on the table. 桌子上曾经有一些书。 （2）否定句 基本句型：主语 + be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not + …. 如： Mike was not ( = wasn’t) at home this morning. 迈克今天早上不在家。 There were not ( = weren’t) any houses by the river.（过去）在河边没有房子。 （3）疑问句 基本句型：be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语 + ….。回答时，需用“Yes, …. was / were.”或“No, …. wasn’t / weren’t”。如： -- Was he a driver? 他以前是司机吗？ -- Yes, he was. 是的，他（以前）是。 -- Were they doctors? 他们以前是医生吗？ -- No, they weren’t. 不，他们（以前）不是。 2. 行为动词的过去式 （1）肯定句结构为：主语+动词的过去式+其它。如：He went to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天去玩具店了。 （2）否定句结构为：主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。如：He didn't go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没去玩具店。 （3）一般过去时的一般疑问句的构成：Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？如： 1) -Did you go to Beijing last week?-Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.) 2) -Did you meet the businessman before?-No, I didn't. (Yes, I did.) （4）一般过去时的特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？如： 1) -What did you do last night?-I did my homework. 2) -Where did you go last week?-I went to Shanghai with my parents. 提示：一般过去时口诀 　　一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。 　　动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。 　　否定句很简单，didn't 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。 　　一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。 　　特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。 【一般过去时随堂练习】 一、用动词的适当形式填空。 1. -----________ you _________(watch) TV last night? ----- Yes, I _________ (do). 2. That man ___________ (live) in Shanghai three months ago. Now he _____________(live) in Hangzhou. 3. Ben __________ (not get) up at 6:30 this morning. 4. Yesterday I ___________ (play) basketball with my friends. 5. A long time ago, Aunt Wang __________(fly) to America. 6. Our teacher _________(like) to play the drum two years ago. 二、看图选择句子。（10分） ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) ( )1.A.I went hiking last weekend. B.I went fishing last weekend. ( )2.A.I read a book yesterday. B.I drew a picture yesterday. ( )3.A.He went swimming last Sunday. B.He watered trees last Sunday. ( )4.A. Mike watered trees yesterday. B. Mike played ping-pong yesterday. ( )5.A.Chen Jie went to a park with his parents. B. Chen Jie went to visit grandparents. 三、 看图写话。 What did they do yesterday afternoon? 1. 2. 3. 1. She ____________________________________________________ 2. He _____________________________________________________ 3. He _____________________________________________________ 【一般过去时课后作业】 一、将下列动词变成过去式。 look_______ watch_______ like______ hope______ decide______ plan______ stop_______ carry______ study______ play______ stay______ let______ put_______ read_______ catch _____ teach_____ buy______ bring______ think ______ sit_____ write______ drive_______ find______ see______ run______ give_______ win _______ know ______ grow______ throw_______ draw _____ show_____ feel______ sleep_______ keep_____ sweep_____ meet_______ 二、改写句子填空。 1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句） Lucy ___________ ___________ her homework at home. 2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句) ___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge? 3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问） __________ ___________ __________ she __________ there? 4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句) _________ there ___________ orange in the cup? 三、选词填空。 1. My mom ______________ ( gets / got ) home late last night. 2. I didn’t ______________ ( have / had ) English classes yesterday afternoon. 3. --- Did you ______________ ( go / went ) to the park last weekend? --- Yes, I did. I ____________ ( go / went) there by bus. 4. --- What ____________ ( did / do) you have for dinner yesterday? --- I _____________ ( have / had ) beef and noodles. 5. John and Mike _______________ ( visited / visit) the science museum last Saturday. 6. It ________ ( is / was) Bill’s birthday yesterday. We __________ ( sang / sing) and _____________( danced / dance) at the party. 四、选择题。 ( ) 1. How did you _______ to the supermarket yesterday? A. went B. goes C. going D. go ( ) 2. When I ______ 2 years old, I learned to talk. A. am B. was C. were D. / ( ) 3. My dad and I visited the science museum ____________. A. tomorrow B. next weekend C. yesterday afternoon D. on weekends ( ) 4. -- How ______ you _______ to Hainan last summer vacation?-- We went there by plane. A. do; went B. did; go C. do; go D. did; went ( ) 5. Three years ago, there __________ any buildings in front of the mountain. A. aren’t B. isn’t C. were D. weren’t 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$