Unit 5 Section A Grammar 课件 2024-2025学年人教版九年级英语全册

Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ? Section A Grammar scc3zbyy20102706 1 What is the Grammar Focus about? Active Voice : 主动语态 People grow tea in Hangzhou . Tea is grown (by people ) in Hangzhou. Passive Voice : 被动语态 被动语态构成：sth./sb. be done (by sb.) 一般现在时的被动语态构成： am/is /are +过去分词 Underline the passive voice in the sentences. are not allowed are paid is spoken is covered is cleaned Grammar Focus passive voice 一、语态概述： 语态 主动语态 被动语态 主语是动作的执行者 主语是动作的承受者 1.概念：当主语是动作的承受者时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，此时就要用被动语态。 2.结构：be+ done(及物动词的过去分词)。 She isn’t allowed to go out at night. 否定句：sth./sb. be not done (by sb.) 一般疑问句：Be sth./sb. done (by sb.)? 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+be sth./sb. done (by sb.)? 一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态 We speak English. 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by us. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾变主，主变宾，动词变 be done 主动语态 (active voice) (by sb. 被某人) 主动变被动解题步骤: 1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者 They make shoes in that factory. Shoes 2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. are were 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 made 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语. by them in that factory. Exercises 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Some children ____________（take) good care by the nurse. 2. What language _____________（speak) in Australia? 3. Vegetables ____________(grow) on the farm. 4. The students often ___________（tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 5. Vegetables,eggs and fruits ___________（sell) in this shop. 6. Some top students __________(send) to study in foreign countries once a year. are taken is spoken are grown are told are sold are sent 1. We plant trees every year.      Trees are planted by us every year. 2.He broke the windows.      The windows were broken by him. 11 The best materials are used to make dresses by this shop. Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving. Letters and postcards are brought to people’s homes by the postman. This silver plate isn’t used very often by our family. 不同时态的被动语态构成 Poor Doudou 可怜的豆豆 遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。 你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。 Doudou is always beaten by someone. 昨天晚上，夜黑风高，它又被打了。 Doudou was beaten yesterday evening. 明天，豆豆还会面临几顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。 Tomorrow ,Doudou will be beaten several times . 可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。 Poor Doudou has been beaten for many years. 豆豆现在在干嘛?一定是正在被打 。 Our dear Doudou is being beaten now . 随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。 Poor Doudou may be beaten anytime. Who can help him? 2. They bought ten computers last term． Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时被动结构： was/were +过去分词 22 Exercise: He bought some fruits yesterday. Some fruits were bought (by him) yesterday. 23 3. Some workers are painting the rooms now． 现在进行时被动结构： am/is/are + being +过去分词 24 The rooms are being painted by some workers now. Exercise: They are holding a sports meeting now. A sports meeting is being held (by them) now. 25 Exercise: They are playing volleyball now. Volleyball is being played (by them) now. 26 4. She was interviewing the famous man at this time yesterday. The famous man was being interviewed by her. 过去进行时被动结构： was/were + being +过去分词 27 Exercise: He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night. Basketball was being played at 8:00 last night. 28 5.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时被动结构： will+ be +过去分词 29 Exercise: The girl will finish her homework in twenty minutes. Her homework will be finished( by the girl) in twenty minutes. 30 They are going to have an evening party tomorrow. An evening party is going to be had tomorrow. be going to + be + 过去分词 31 一般将来时被动结构： 7.We have made twenty keys． Twenty keys have been made by us. 现在完成时被动结构： have/has + been+过去分词 32 Exercise: Workers have built the house since two years ago. The house has been built since two years ago. 33 8.Aby can take good care of Tina ． Tina can be taken good care of by Aby. 情态动词变被动： 情态动词 + be+过去分词 34 Exercise: He may carry the basket easily. The basket may be easily carried by him. 35 They can sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them. 36 提醒 动词短语在变被动语态的时候，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词；要当作一个整体。 e.g. I looked after my little sister yesterday. → My little sister was look after by me yesterday. 特殊情况 Tip 1 含有短语的主动语态变被动语态 提醒 当指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接语前加to或for。 e.g. Tom gives me a book. → → 特殊情况 Tip 2 含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态 I am given a book by Tom. A book is given to me by Tom. 直接宾语做主语 间接宾语做主语 提醒 主动语态中，在 make、hear、see、watch 和 notice等词后跟省略 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中 to 不可省略。 e.g. Mike often makes his classmates laugh. →His classmates are often made to laugh by Mike. 特殊情况 Tip 3 提醒 1、sth need doing= sth. need to be done sth. require doing= sth. require to be done 2、sth. be worth doing 某事值得被做 3、look,smell,taste,feel,sound等感官系动词主动表被动 e.g: The soup tastes salty. The shirt feels soft. 4、某些表示开始和结束的动词(start,begin,finish, end等) , 当主语为事物，且不强调动作的执行者。 e.g: When does the meeting begin? 特殊情况 Tip 4 主动表被动语态的情况 提醒 1、不及物动词及短语无被动(take place/ happen) e.g: The accident happened last week. 2、宾语是反身代词时不能用被动 e.g: Linda can dress herself. 3、表示主语的内在性质、属性的词，不用被动(write/wash/sell) e.g: This kind of book sells well. 特殊情况 Tip 5 不用于被动语态的情况 Exercises: 一.选择填空: Windows of glass. be made B. is made C. are made D. been made 2. The house in 2004. is built B. is building C. was built D. used 3. A coat can for keeping warm. be used B. is used C. been used D. used C C A 42 4. The watches____ Shanghai. A. are made in B. is made C. are made from D. made 5. This desk is made _____ wood. A. of B. from C. in D. by 6.The things on show were ____ the old days. A. used B. used to C. used for D. used in 7. Silk _____ in Hangzhou and Suzhou. A. is produced B. are produced C. produced D. is produces A A D A 43 $$