Unit 4 Computers（知识清单）英语牛津上海版九年级上册

Unit4 Computers Computers 话题 计算机 词汇 bar, tiny, depend, realize, super, rarely, type, importantly, operate, meaning, true, raise, obey, program, command,drive,over,writing 短语 句型 common knowledge for the time being暂时 able to能，会 have nothing to do无事可做 be unaware of未注意到 be aware of注意到 be better than… at(doing) sth 比……更擅长于（做）某事 for these reasons由于这些原因 millions of成千上万的……; 无数的…… 语法 形容词副词比较级&最高级 考点1. bar n. 条，块 【例题】 e. g. a bar of chocolate/soap 一条巧克力／肥皂 The kids never eat candy bars. 孩子们从来不吃糖棒。 【拓展】 【友情提示】bar还可表示“柜台”的意思。 e. g. It was so crowded I couldn't get to the bar. 人太多了，我无法挤到柜台那儿。 考点2. depend v. 依靠，依赖 【例题】 e. g. Try to guess. Do not depend on your dictionary all the time. 猜猜看。不要总是依赖你的字典。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】That depends. [口]要看情况而定。 It all depends. [口]要看情况而定。 You may depend upon it. [口]肯定无疑；放心好了。 考点3.realize v. 意识到，认识到 【例句】 e. g. I didn’t realize you were going to leave. 我不知道你准备走了。 Jackie realized that he had done wrong. 杰克意识到自己错了。 【拓展】 【指点迷津】realize, understand realize与understand是近义词，共同的含义是“意识到，弄明白”常常可以互换使用。 e. g. But they don't realize/understand one important thing. 但是有一件重要的事他们不明白。 The man laughed when he realized/understood what had happened. 那个人明白所发生的事情时便哈哈大笑了起来。 另外，realize可以表示“实现”。 e. g. The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country. 中国人民必将实现国家现代化。 而understand还可以表示“听懂，理解”。 e. g. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them. 英国人说话都能互相听懂，可是他们讲话我却听不懂。 考点4.type v.（用文字处理系统或打字机）打字，打印 【例句】 e. g. I can't type as rapidly as you. 我打字打得没你那么快。 Every day he typed what he composed. 他每天都用打字机把他创作的作品打下来。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】type还可以表示“类型，典型”。 e. g. The type of skirt is all the go. 这种裙子很时髦。 He is a fine type of the youth. 他是青年人的一个典范。 type在解释为“典型”时，它的形容词形式是typical。 e. g. The picture is typical of its kind. 这幅画在同类绘画中有代表性。 考点5.. operate v. (1)操作；运转 (2) 动手术 【例句】 e. g. Do you know how to operate this new recorder? 你知道如何使用这部新的录音机吗？ Nearly all the tractors operate on diesel oil. 几乎所有的拖拉机都用柴油开动。 e. g. The doctors operated on her stomach. 医生给她的胃动了手术。 【拓展】 【友情提示】“给某人做手术”常用词组operate on sb。 e. g. Did you operate on that patient? 你给那位病人做手术了吗？ 考点6. raise v. 提出 【例句】 e. g. I wanted to raise a question to the chairman but in a moment I lost my nerve. 我想向会议主席提一个问题，但立刻我又没有了勇气。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】我们还学过这个词的一些其他用法。 e. g. Please raise your hands if you have questions. 有问题请举手。 We will raise some money for SPCA. 我们将为动物保护协会集资。 People often raise dogs as their pets. 人们常将狗作为宠物来饲养。 与raise词形比较接近的一个词是rise，意为“上升，升起”，是不及物动词，过去式、过去分词为rose, risen。 e. g. What causes sea level to rise? 什么引起海平面上升？ The sun rises in the east. 大阳从东方升起。 考点7.command n. 指令; 命令 【例句】 e. g. The computer will obey your commands quickly. 计算机能够很快的听从你的指令。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】command还可作动词，表示“命令”。 e. g. He commanded his man to retreat. 他命令手下撤退。 She commanded the release of the prisoners. 她下令释放囚犯。 command较正式用词，强调权威性、全局性和强制性。 order: 普通用词，侧重指具体的命令。 direction: 正式用词，指口头或书面的指示或命令。内容不一定详尽，语气较缓和，不太强调强制性。也可指指导性的说明。 instruction:书面用词，指不容违反、不容推翻的命令。也多指包含具体说明的指示。 考点8.over超过 【例句】 e. g. The girl donated over 100 books to the children in Wenchuan district. 那个女孩子向汶川地区的孩子们捐赠了100多本书。 The old man is over 90. 这位老人90多岁了。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】在初中阶段，over用作介词的用法还有： (1)在……之上(反义词是under) e. g. There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 (2)遍及 e. g. There are trees all over our school. 我们学校遍地是树。 You should go over your lessons carefully. 你应该仔细地复习功课。 (3)over prep.（指时间）在……期间 e. g. I stayed at home over the holidays. 假期中，我一直在家。 语法精讲—形容词和副词的最高级和比较级 1.形容词、副词的比较等级 1.1.形容词、副词比较等级的构成 (1)规则变化: 单音节和部分双音节词通常在词尾加-er, -est构成比较级和最高级。 long-- longer-- longest tall-- taller-- tallest 以不发音的e结尾的词只在词尾加-r，-st。 large- -larger --largest late---later--latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词则应先将y变为i,再加-er, -est。 busy--busier--busiest easy--easier--easiest 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-er, -est big--bigger-- biggest hot- -hotter- -hottest 多音节和部分双音节词在其前加more, most构成比较级和最高级。 difficult -more difficult -most difficult quickly- more quickly -most quickly (2)不规则变化 good/well→better→best much/many→more→most far→farther/further→farthest/furthest little→less→least 1.2.原级意义的表示 “as+形容词／副词原级＋as” 表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等； “not as/so+形容词／副词原级＋as” 表示“······不如······”。The cake is as heavy as the stone.蛋糕和那块石头一样重。 1.3.比较级意义的表示 “形容词／副词比较级＋than” 表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，意为“·····高于或低于······”。 Lucy is prettier than her sister.露西比她的妹妹漂亮。 “比较级＋and+比较级” 意为“越来越··.···”。 More and more people are losing their jobs.越来越多的人失业。 “the+比较级，the+比较级” 常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意为“越......越......”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯的错误就会越少。 “the+比较级＋of the two(+名词）” 表示“两者中较······的”。 Look at the two boys. Ben is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，本是两个人中较高的那个。 1.4.最高级意义的表示 “the+最高级＋比较范围” 表示“······是······中最······的”。 Who gets up the earliest of all in your dormitory?你们宿舍谁起得最早？ “one of the+最高级＋复数名词” 表示“最······之一”。 The river is one of the longest rivers in our country.这条河是我国最长河流之一。 比较级用于否定句或与never,nothing等否定词连用 表示最高级含义。 I've never had a more pleasant trip before.我以前从未有过如此快乐的旅行。（这是最快乐的一次旅行） 2.形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语和复合形容词 3.1.形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语 常见的修饰原级的词有very,quite,so,too等。 My brother runs so fast that I can't follow him. 我弟弟跑得这么快，以至于我追不上他。 常见的修饰比较级的词有much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even,still 等。 I enjoyed it far more than I expected. 我喜欢的程度远远超出了原先的期望。 常见的修饰最高级的词有by far,much,almost,nearly或序数词等。 Watching matches was by far the most popular activity on Saturday afternoons. 周六下午看体育比赛是目前为止最受欢迎的活动。 9A U4词汇 ①9A U4单词表 序号 英文 音标 词性 中文 1 screen /skriːn/ n. 屏幕 2 recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 辨认出；认识 3 desktop /ˈdesktɒp/ n. 台式电脑 4 ※laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 便携式电脑 5 ※palmtop /ˈpɑːmtɒp/ n. 掌上电脑 6 tiny /ˈtaɪnɪ/ adj. 极小的；微小的 7 unaware /ˌʌnəˈweə/ adj. 没意识到；未察觉 8 (be) unaware of 没意识到；未察觉 9 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 依靠；依赖 10 depend on 依靠；依赖 11 common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 常见的；普遍的 12 knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n. 知识；学问 13 common knowledge 常识 14 rarely /reəlɪ/ adv. 罕有；很少；不常 15 print /prɪnt/ v. 印刷；打印 16 importantly /ɪmˈpɔːtəntlɪ/ adv. 重要地 17 operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；控制；使运行 18 ※aeroplane /ˈeərəpleɪn/ n. 飞机 19 spaceship /ˈspeɪsˌʃɪp/ n. 宇宙飞船；航天器 20 for the time being 暂时；眼下 21 meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n. 意义；意思 22 command /kəˈmɑːnd/ n. 命令；指令 23 CD-ROM /ˌsiːdiːˈrɒm/ n. 只读光盘 24 DVD-ROM /ˌdiː viːˈdiːˈrɒm/ n. 数字只读光盘 25 writing /ˈraɪtɪŋ/ n. 文章；著作 26 aware /əˈweə/ adj. 意识到 27 order /ɔːdə/ n.&v 订购 28 blank /blæŋk/ adj. 空白的 29 supply /səˈplaɪ/ n. 贮备；供应量 30 contact /ˈkɒntækt/ n. 联系人 31 reference /ˈrefərəns/ n. 编号；参考 32 quantity /ˈkwɒntətɪ/ n. 数量 33 length /leŋθ/ n. 长度 34 seat /siːt/ n. 座位 35 peak /piːk/ n. 山顶；山峰 36 court /kɔːt/ n. 公寓大楼 37 distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离；间距 ②9A U4词性转换整理 1 accurate adj. 准确的 accurately adv. 准确地 2 aware adj. 意识到 unaware adj. 没意识到 3 calculate v. 计算 calculator n. 计算器 calculation n. 计算 4 depend v. 依靠，依赖 dependent n. 依赖的，依靠的 independent n. 独立的，有主见的 5 know v. 知道，了解；认识；懂得 knowledge n. 知识，学问 6 mean v. 意思是；意味着 meaning n. 意思 7 length n. 长度 long adj. （时间）长的，（距离）远的 8 sit v. 坐 seat n. 座位 9 speak v. 说；讲；谈话；发言 ※speaker n. 扬声器；喇叭 speech n. 演讲；说话 ③U4词组整理 · the size of (=the same size as…) 和……一样大 Laptops are the size of big books. =Laptops are the same size as big book. 便携式电脑与大书一般大。 · be unaware of 没意识到…… Other kinds of computers are so tiny that you may be unaware of them. 其他种类的电脑太小巧以致于你可能意识不到他们。 · depend on 依靠；依赖 You probably depend on computers more than you realize. 你可能超乎你多能意识到的依赖电脑。 · common knowledge 常识 It is common knowledge that computers are super calculators. 大家都知道电脑是超级计算器。 · for the time being (=at present)现在，目前 Is a computer cleverer than I am? The answer to this question is, for the time being, ‘No’. 电脑是否比我更聪明？目前，这个问题的答案是“不”。 · raise/rise的区别 raise（及物动词，后要接宾语）举起，提升，增高，提出 He raised his voice in order to be heard by everyone. 他提高了嗓门，为了让每一位都能听到。 Please raise your hands if you have any questions. 如有问题，请举手。 Every morning we are raising our National Flag while the sun is rising. 每天早晨，我们迎着初升的太阳升国旗。 rise（不及物动词，后不接宾语）上升，上涨，增长，起立 The river has risen after the heavy rain. 一场大雨过后，河水涨起来了。 The price is always rising because of the people’s increasing demand. 由于人们的需求不断上升，物价总是不断上涨。 He rose to his feet and said good morning to the teacher. 他起立向老师问好。 Important Sentences structures. 1. What will happen to us if computers can do our jobs? 这里是一个条件状语从句，if引导的从句用了一般现在时表将来，what引导的主句用了将来时。 e. g. We will go to the park if it is not rainy tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。 happen to在这里表示“发生”。 e. g. It can happen to anyone. 这事可能发生在任何人身上。 2. For these reasons, we often call them electronic brains. call后面可以跟双宾语。call v.称……，叫……，把……称为（叫作）…… e. g. You may call me David. 你可以叫我大卫。 We call it Mimi. 我们管它叫咪眯。 【知识拓展】 call v. 打电话给…… e. g. Call me this afternoon.下午给我打个电话。 call n. （一次）电话 e. g. give sb a call打电话给某人 call out大声叫喊 e. g. call out to sb向某人大声叫喊 call up给……打电话 e. g. Please call me up at any time. 请随时给我打电话。 call on号召 e. g. call on sb to do sth号召某人做某事 3. They may be better than doctors, judges and teachers at doing their jobs. 句中有一个重要词组be good at，意为“擅长某事”，后接名词或动名词。 e. g. Are you good at English? 你擅长英语吗？ Mary is good at skating. 玛丽擅长滑冰。 good为原级，比较级、最高级分别为better、best，需要注意的是，副词well的比较级和最高级也是better、best。 e. g. Your brain can understand the meaning of things better. 大脑对问题的理解更深刻。（这里是副词well的比较级） He is better than me at Chinese. 他语文比我好。（这里是形容词good的比较级） Will computers make our lives better? 电脑将使我们的生活更好吗？（这里是形容词good的比较级） (l) be good at… 意为“在……方面做得好；擅长”，其反义词组为be weak/poor in/at… “在……方面很差”。后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 e. g. He is good at singing. 他擅长唱歌。 Sam is weak/poor in/at high jump.萨姆不擅长跳高。 (2)be good to意为“对……友好”，后一般接表示人的或人格化的名词。 e. g. She is good to me.她对我很好。 (3)be good for意为“对……有好处”。 e. g. Doing morning exercise every day is good for your health.每天做早操对你的健康有好处。 Practice 一、单项选择 1．Sound travels ________ in water than in air. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 2．—Who ran ________ in the sports meeting, Tom or Sam? —Tom did, I think. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 3．The Mona Lisa, one of ________ famous paintings in the world, is known for the mysterious smile. A．more B．the more C．most D．the most 4．—What’s the population in India? —I’m not sure. I heard that it has the _______ population in the world now. A．more B．most C．larger D．largest 5．—How do you like the food in the restaurant? —Great, it’s ________ I’ve ever had. A．the least delicious B．the most delicious C．more delicious D．delicious 6．—Why do you like Gold Theater best? —Because it has the ______ seats. A．much comfortable B．most comfortable C．more comfortable D．less comfortable 7．The elderly find it ________ to get into public places like hospitals than before because they don’t know how to operate smart machines. A．easy B．easier C．hard D．harder 8．— Did you enjoy the ride on Space Mountain, Josh? — Yes. It couldn’t be ________. A．exciting B．more exciting C．less interesting D．the most interesting 9．Tina’s favorite hobby is reading. ________ she reads,________ she becomes. A．The more, the happier B．The more, the happy C．The less, the happy D．The less, the happier 10．—How do you like FM95.5? —Great! The DJs there choose songs ________. A．most cheaply B．least cheaply C．most carefully D．least carefully 11．—Can you believe a mountain grows every year? —Of course. According to a recent survey, Qomolangma has risen ________. A．low B．high C．higher D．lower 12．Tom walks ________ in our class on the way to the dining hall for lunch. A．fast B．faster C．the fastest D．the faster 13．In Science class, Angela and Judy always finish the experiments________ in their class. A．more quickly B．the most quickly C．quicker D．the quickest 14．Of all the singers on the stage, Rita sings the words ________. That’s the reason why I like her. A．clear B．clearly C．more clearly D．the most clearly 15．—Did Kate do best in the final exam? —No, but of all the students she did ________. A．the most careful B．more careful C．the most carefully D．more carefully 16．—Our class did well in the school singing competition. —Yes, you sang _______ of all. A．most beautifully B．more beautifully C．much beautifully D．beautifully 17．—Now more and more people realize the ________ of English in China. —So it is. Of all the foreign languages, English is ________ used. A．important, widely B．importance, widest C．important, more widely D．importance, the most widely 18．With the development of the Internet, we can find information much ________ than before. A．easiest B．more easy C．more easily D．easy 19．The lady has much experience to help us understand the course ________ than before. A．clear B．clearer C．clearly D．more clearly 20．________ you work, ________ you will be. A．The hard; the lucky B．The harder; the unluckier C．The hard; the unlucky D．The harder; the luckier 21．As students from Grade 8, it’s important to make a plan for the study. The better plans you make, the ________ your study will become. A．more B．easiest C．easier D．more easy 22．This term, I improved a lot, and I promise to work ______ next term. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 23．People remember pictures _______ than words because pictures are more vivid (生动的). A．easy B．easier C．easily D．more easily 24．Miss Brown is one of ________ teachers in this university. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 25．—Jack, what do you think of the robot? —I think it’s one of ________ inventions. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 26．—Have you seen the documentary named March of the Penguins? —Yeah, I enjoy it a lot! It’s ________ one that I have ever seen. A．the most scary B．more scary C．the most interesting D．more interesting 27．Tea is one of ________ drinks in the world. Drinking tea can bring many health benefits. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 28．—What do you think of your new bike? —I couldn’t find a ________ one. I like it so much. A．worst B．worse C．best D．better 29．—________ the population of our country? —The population of China is much larger than that of ________ country in Europe. A．What’s; any other B．What’s; any C．How many is; any other D．How much is; any 30．—How do you like Mo Yan’s novels? —Fantastic! They are my favorites. I read them, I like them. A．The more; the more B．The more; the less C．The more; the least D．The more; the most 二、阅读理解 Some kids love computer games and spend too much time on them. They often hear Mom or Dad shout at them, “Enough! Turn off the computer and find some other things to do!” Their parents are right. Why? If you’re always playing computer games, you won’t get enough exercise, so you may become fat. And if you spend too much time playing computer games, you’ll have less time to make friends or do your homework. What’s more, if you play computer games often, you may get angry easily and fight with others often. But here’s the good news: Playing computer games for a short time can be OK. Just choose (选择) some good games and spend no more than one hour a day. Play the games for your age. You can play with your mom, dad or even your grandma together. It’s a good way to relax. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 31．What does the underlined phrase (下划线短语) “Turn off” mean? A．移动 B．修理 C．关闭 D．出售 32．What does the second paragraph (段落) tell us? A．Parents are always right. B．We must spend more time on homework. C．How to make friends on the Internet. D．Why computer games are bad for you. 33．According to the passage, how long can you play computer games a day? A．No more than one hour. B．Two and a half hours. C．Three hours. D．Five hours. 34．What is the good news about playing computer games? A．We can play computer games with our family. B．It is just OK to play computer games for some time. C．Playing computer games is good for the mind. D．Parents like playing computer games, too. 35．What is the best title of the passage? A．When do you play computer games? B．Good news for you C．Are computer games good or bad for kids? D．Kids all love computer games 三、完形填空 Information will soon be so easy to find on the internet that people will not need to remember anything. Do you agree? Nowadays all the information we could ever need is available online and some people say that means the end of having to learn anything. It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access. 36 , not everyone has working internet all the time, for example in certain buildings or remote locations, so we do need to be able to remember information. Moreover, it takes time to look up everything you need to know online, while remembering something is 37 . The human memory is a much more efficient system. Another problem is the 38 of the information online. How do we know if it is accurate or reliable? We need to think about other facts we know and remember how to 39 information from different websites. Knowing (and remembering) how to find certain information will be more important than knowing the information itself. Finally, the internet is a good tool but it cannot take the place of our 40 . If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society. In conclusion, the internet offers us many things but it is still important to use our knowledge and memories. We need our memories to function without the internet and we also need to know how to use the internet 41 . 36．A．At first B．What’s more C．However D．After all 37．A．impossible B．immediate C．basic D．essential 38．A．protection B．amount C．development D．quality 39．A．compare B．collect C．recognize D．process 40．A．traditions B．brains C．education D．knowledge 41．A．safely B．regularly C．properly D．happily 四、短文填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示在所给横线上写出完整单词，并注意其形式。 The computer and the Internet have become part of teens’ life. The number of teen Internet users in China is g 42 bigger, up to 253 million. The number shows a great increase in Internet users in China over the last few years, especially among teenagers. And China becomes a large market for Internet b 43 . A new survey (调查) shows that Chinese teens take an i 44 in online activities. They seem not to know that spending too much time before a computers screen is bad for their health. According to the survey, more than half enjoy chatting online with friends and 10.6% of teens play Internet games. It is a p 45 that only 6% use the Internet to get information for their learning projects! Also, the survey finds that the teens have different favourite p 46 to use the Internet. For teens in towns, 35% choose Internet bars as a main place to go online. For those living in large cities 76% use home computers. 五、任务型阅读 Computers are the most famous invention now. They have many advantages and disadvantages. For the good side, first of all, it’s so convenient that we can use computers to do our account. The second, as the development of the Internet, computers made our world smaller and smaller. Third, we have a lot of fun with computers. So they’re really useful for us. For the disadvantages, first, we spend more time before computers and less time communicating with others. It makes our society colder. Then, many children are trapped in (陷进) the online games and give up their study. It’s a serious problem. The last, now scientists have found that computers are a bit harmful to our health. Generally speaking, computers are very important to our life though they’re not a perfect invention. 47．How many advantages are there in this passage? 48．Why does the writer say that computers make our society colder? 49．What is the serious problem according to this passage? 50．Are computers harmful to our health? 51．What does the writer think of computers? 六、书面表达 52．伟大的发明改变世界。电脑等科技产品的发明改变了人们的生活方式，促进了社会的发展。请你以“The Great Invention—the Computer”为题写一篇文章。 内容包括： 1. 发明对于人类历史的重要性； 2. 电脑的用途； 3. 如何恰当使用电脑。 要求： 1. 词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 短文须包括所给内容信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 The Great Invention—the Computer Inventions have played an important role in human history. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit4 Computers Computers 话题 计算机 词汇 bar, tiny, depend, realize, super, rarely, type, importantly, operate, meaning, true, raise, obey, program, command,drive,over,writing 短语 句型 common knowledge for the time being暂时 able to能，会 have nothing to do无事可做 be unaware of未注意到 be aware of注意到 be better than… at(doing) sth 比……更擅长于（做）某事 for these reasons由于这些原因 millions of成千上万的……; 无数的…… 语法 形容词副词比较级&最高级 考点1. bar n. 条，块 【例题】 e. g. a bar of chocolate/soap 一条巧克力／肥皂 The kids never eat candy bars. 孩子们从来不吃糖棒。 【拓展】 【友情提示】bar还可表示“柜台”的意思。 e. g. It was so crowded I couldn't get to the bar. 人太多了，我无法挤到柜台那儿。 考点2. depend v. 依靠，依赖 【例题】 e. g. Try to guess. Do not depend on your dictionary all the time. 猜猜看。不要总是依赖你的字典。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】That depends. [口]要看情况而定。 It all depends. [口]要看情况而定。 You may depend upon it. [口]肯定无疑；放心好了。 考点3.realize v. 意识到，认识到 【例句】 e. g. I didn’t realize you were going to leave. 我不知道你准备走了。 Jackie realized that he had done wrong. 杰克意识到自己错了。 【拓展】 【指点迷津】realize, understand realize与understand是近义词，共同的含义是“意识到，弄明白”常常可以互换使用。 e. g. But they don't realize/understand one important thing. 但是有一件重要的事他们不明白。 The man laughed when he realized/understood what had happened. 那个人明白所发生的事情时便哈哈大笑了起来。 另外，realize可以表示“实现”。 e. g. The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country. 中国人民必将实现国家现代化。 而understand还可以表示“听懂，理解”。 e. g. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them. 英国人说话都能互相听懂，可是他们讲话我却听不懂。 考点4.type v.（用文字处理系统或打字机）打字，打印 【例句】 e. g. I can't type as rapidly as you. 我打字打得没你那么快。 Every day he typed what he composed. 他每天都用打字机把他创作的作品打下来。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】type还可以表示“类型，典型”。 e. g. The type of skirt is all the go. 这种裙子很时髦。 He is a fine type of the youth. 他是青年人的一个典范。 type在解释为“典型”时，它的形容词形式是typical。 e. g. The picture is typical of its kind. 这幅画在同类绘画中有代表性。 考点5.. operate v. (1)操作；运转 (2) 动手术 【例句】 e. g. Do you know how to operate this new recorder? 你知道如何使用这部新的录音机吗？ Nearly all the tractors operate on diesel oil. 几乎所有的拖拉机都用柴油开动。 e. g. The doctors operated on her stomach. 医生给她的胃动了手术。 【拓展】 【友情提示】“给某人做手术”常用词组operate on sb。 e. g. Did you operate on that patient? 你给那位病人做手术了吗？ 考点6. raise v. 提出 【例句】 e. g. I wanted to raise a question to the chairman but in a moment I lost my nerve. 我想向会议主席提一个问题，但立刻我又没有了勇气。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】我们还学过这个词的一些其他用法。 e. g. Please raise your hands if you have questions. 有问题请举手。 We will raise some money for SPCA. 我们将为动物保护协会集资。 People often raise dogs as their pets. 人们常将狗作为宠物来饲养。 与raise词形比较接近的一个词是rise，意为“上升，升起”，是不及物动词，过去式、过去分词为rose, risen。 e. g. What causes sea level to rise? 什么引起海平面上升？ The sun rises in the east. 大阳从东方升起。 考点7.command n. 指令; 命令 【例句】 e. g. The computer will obey your commands quickly. 计算机能够很快的听从你的指令。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】command还可作动词，表示“命令”。 e. g. He commanded his man to retreat. 他命令手下撤退。 She commanded the release of the prisoners. 她下令释放囚犯。 command较正式用词，强调权威性、全局性和强制性。 order: 普通用词，侧重指具体的命令。 direction: 正式用词，指口头或书面的指示或命令。内容不一定详尽，语气较缓和，不太强调强制性。也可指指导性的说明。 instruction:书面用词，指不容违反、不容推翻的命令。也多指包含具体说明的指示。 考点8.over超过 【例句】 e. g. The girl donated over 100 books to the children in Wenchuan district. 那个女孩子向汶川地区的孩子们捐赠了100多本书。 The old man is over 90. 这位老人90多岁了。 【拓展】 【知识拓展】在初中阶段，over用作介词的用法还有： (1)在……之上(反义词是under) e. g. There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 (2)遍及 e. g. There are trees all over our school. 我们学校遍地是树。 You should go over your lessons carefully. 你应该仔细地复习功课。 (3)over prep.（指时间）在……期间 e. g. I stayed at home over the holidays. 假期中，我一直在家。 语法精讲—形容词和副词的最高级和比较级 1.形容词、副词的比较等级 1.1.形容词、副词比较等级的构成 (1)规则变化: 单音节和部分双音节词通常在词尾加-er, -est构成比较级和最高级。 long-- longer-- longest tall-- taller-- tallest 以不发音的e结尾的词只在词尾加-r，-st。 large- -larger --largest late---later--latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词则应先将y变为i,再加-er, -est。 busy--busier--busiest easy--easier--easiest 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-er, -est big--bigger-- biggest hot- -hotter- -hottest 多音节和部分双音节词在其前加more, most构成比较级和最高级。 difficult -more difficult -most difficult quickly- more quickly -most quickly (2)不规则变化 good/well→better→best much/many→more→most far→farther/further→farthest/furthest little→less→least 1.2.原级意义的表示 “as+形容词／副词原级＋as” 表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等； “not as/so+形容词／副词原级＋as” 表示“······不如······”。The cake is as heavy as the stone.蛋糕和那块石头一样重。 1.3.比较级意义的表示 “形容词／副词比较级＋than” 表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，意为“·····高于或低于······”。 Lucy is prettier than her sister.露西比她的妹妹漂亮。 “比较级＋and+比较级” 意为“越来越··.···”。 More and more people are losing their jobs.越来越多的人失业。 “the+比较级，the+比较级” 常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意为“越......越......”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯的错误就会越少。 “the+比较级＋of the two(+名词）” 表示“两者中较······的”。 Look at the two boys. Ben is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，本是两个人中较高的那个。 1.4.最高级意义的表示 “the+最高级＋比较范围” 表示“······是······中最······的”。 Who gets up the earliest of all in your dormitory?你们宿舍谁起得最早？ “one of the+最高级＋复数名词” 表示“最······之一”。 The river is one of the longest rivers in our country.这条河是我国最长河流之一。 比较级用于否定句或与never,nothing等否定词连用 表示最高级含义。 I've never had a more pleasant trip before.我以前从未有过如此快乐的旅行。（这是最快乐的一次旅行） 2.形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语和复合形容词 3.1.形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语 常见的修饰原级的词有very,quite,so,too等。 My brother runs so fast that I can't follow him. 我弟弟跑得这么快，以至于我追不上他。 常见的修饰比较级的词有much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even,still 等。 I enjoyed it far more than I expected. 我喜欢的程度远远超出了原先的期望。 常见的修饰最高级的词有by far,much,almost,nearly或序数词等。 Watching matches was by far the most popular activity on Saturday afternoons. 周六下午看体育比赛是目前为止最受欢迎的活动。 9A U4词汇 ①9A U4单词表 序号 英文 音标 词性 中文 1 screen /skriːn/ n. 屏幕 2 recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 辨认出；认识 3 desktop /ˈdesktɒp/ n. 台式电脑 4 ※laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 便携式电脑 5 ※palmtop /ˈpɑːmtɒp/ n. 掌上电脑 6 tiny /ˈtaɪnɪ/ adj. 极小的；微小的 7 unaware /ˌʌnəˈweə/ adj. 没意识到；未察觉 8 (be) unaware of 没意识到；未察觉 9 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 依靠；依赖 10 depend on 依靠；依赖 11 common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 常见的；普遍的 12 knowledge /ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ n. 知识；学问 13 common knowledge 常识 14 rarely /reəlɪ/ adv. 罕有；很少；不常 15 print /prɪnt/ v. 印刷；打印 16 importantly /ɪmˈpɔːtəntlɪ/ adv. 重要地 17 operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；控制；使运行 18 ※aeroplane /ˈeərəpleɪn/ n. 飞机 19 spaceship /ˈspeɪsˌʃɪp/ n. 宇宙飞船；航天器 20 for the time being 暂时；眼下 21 meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n. 意义；意思 22 command /kəˈmɑːnd/ n. 命令；指令 23 CD-ROM /ˌsiːdiːˈrɒm/ n. 只读光盘 24 DVD-ROM /ˌdiː viːˈdiːˈrɒm/ n. 数字只读光盘 25 writing /ˈraɪtɪŋ/ n. 文章；著作 26 aware /əˈweə/ adj. 意识到 27 order /ɔːdə/ n.&v 订购 28 blank /blæŋk/ adj. 空白的 29 supply /səˈplaɪ/ n. 贮备；供应量 30 contact /ˈkɒntækt/ n. 联系人 31 reference /ˈrefərəns/ n. 编号；参考 32 quantity /ˈkwɒntətɪ/ n. 数量 33 length /leŋθ/ n. 长度 34 seat /siːt/ n. 座位 35 peak /piːk/ n. 山顶；山峰 36 court /kɔːt/ n. 公寓大楼 37 distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离；间距 ②9A U4词性转换整理 1 accurate adj. 准确的 accurately adv. 准确地 2 aware adj. 意识到 unaware adj. 没意识到 3 calculate v. 计算 calculator n. 计算器 calculation n. 计算 4 depend v. 依靠，依赖 dependent n. 依赖的，依靠的 independent n. 独立的，有主见的 5 know v. 知道，了解；认识；懂得 knowledge n. 知识，学问 6 mean v. 意思是；意味着 meaning n. 意思 7 length n. 长度 long adj. （时间）长的，（距离）远的 8 sit v. 坐 seat n. 座位 9 speak v. 说；讲；谈话；发言 ※speaker n. 扬声器；喇叭 speech n. 演讲；说话 ③U4词组整理 · the size of (=the same size as…) 和……一样大 Laptops are the size of big books. =Laptops are the same size as big book. 便携式电脑与大书一般大。 · be unaware of 没意识到…… Other kinds of computers are so tiny that you may be unaware of them. 其他种类的电脑太小巧以致于你可能意识不到他们。 · depend on 依靠；依赖 You probably depend on computers more than you realize. 你可能超乎你多能意识到的依赖电脑。 · common knowledge 常识 It is common knowledge that computers are super calculators. 大家都知道电脑是超级计算器。 · for the time being (=at present)现在，目前 Is a computer cleverer than I am? The answer to this question is, for the time being, ‘No’. 电脑是否比我更聪明？目前，这个问题的答案是“不”。 · raise/rise的区别 raise（及物动词，后要接宾语）举起，提升，增高，提出 He raised his voice in order to be heard by everyone. 他提高了嗓门，为了让每一位都能听到。 Please raise your hands if you have any questions. 如有问题，请举手。 Every morning we are raising our National Flag while the sun is rising. 每天早晨，我们迎着初升的太阳升国旗。 rise（不及物动词，后不接宾语）上升，上涨，增长，起立 The river has risen after the heavy rain. 一场大雨过后，河水涨起来了。 The price is always rising because of the people’s increasing demand. 由于人们的需求不断上升，物价总是不断上涨。 He rose to his feet and said good morning to the teacher. 他起立向老师问好。 Important Sentences structures. 1. What will happen to us if computers can do our jobs? 这里是一个条件状语从句，if引导的从句用了一般现在时表将来，what引导的主句用了将来时。 e. g. We will go to the park if it is not rainy tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。 happen to在这里表示“发生”。 e. g. It can happen to anyone. 这事可能发生在任何人身上。 2. For these reasons, we often call them electronic brains. call后面可以跟双宾语。call v.称……，叫……，把……称为（叫作）…… e. g. You may call me David. 你可以叫我大卫。 We call it Mimi. 我们管它叫咪眯。 【知识拓展】 call v. 打电话给…… e. g. Call me this afternoon.下午给我打个电话。 call n. （一次）电话 e. g. give sb a call打电话给某人 call out大声叫喊 e. g. call out to sb向某人大声叫喊 call up给……打电话 e. g. Please call me up at any time. 请随时给我打电话。 call on号召 e. g. call on sb to do sth号召某人做某事 3. They may be better than doctors, judges and teachers at doing their jobs. 句中有一个重要词组be good at，意为“擅长某事”，后接名词或动名词。 e. g. Are you good at English? 你擅长英语吗？ Mary is good at skating. 玛丽擅长滑冰。 good为原级，比较级、最高级分别为better、best，需要注意的是，副词well的比较级和最高级也是better、best。 e. g. Your brain can understand the meaning of things better. 大脑对问题的理解更深刻。（这里是副词well的比较级） He is better than me at Chinese. 他语文比我好。（这里是形容词good的比较级） Will computers make our lives better? 电脑将使我们的生活更好吗？（这里是形容词good的比较级） (l) be good at… 意为“在……方面做得好；擅长”，其反义词组为be weak/poor in/at… “在……方面很差”。后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 e. g. He is good at singing. 他擅长唱歌。 Sam is weak/poor in/at high jump.萨姆不擅长跳高。 (2)be good to意为“对……友好”，后一般接表示人的或人格化的名词。 e. g. She is good to me.她对我很好。 (3)be good for意为“对……有好处”。 e. g. Doing morning exercise every day is good for your health.每天做早操对你的健康有好处。 Practice 一、单项选择 1．Sound travels ________ in water than in air. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：声音在水中比在空气中传播得快。 考查形副三级辨析。fast快地（原级）；faster更快地（比较级）；(the) fastest最快地（最高级）。根据句中“than”，可知空处应填副词比较级。故选B。 2．—Who ran ________ in the sports meeting, Tom or Sam? —Tom did, I think. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁在运动会上跑得更快，汤姆还是萨姆？——我认为是汤姆。 考查副词比较级。fast快，副词。根据“Tom or Sam”可知是这两者之间进行比较，用副词比较级faster。故选B。 3．The Mona Lisa, one of ________ famous paintings in the world, is known for the mysterious smile. A．more B．the more C．most D．the most 【答案】D 【详解】句意：《蒙娜丽莎》，世界上最著名的油画之一，因为神秘的微笑而出名。 考查形容词最高级的用法。more用在形容词或副词前表示比较级；most用在形容词或副词前表最高级。根据“one of”和“in the world”可知此处应用形容词最高级形式，而形容词最高级形式前需要加定冠词the，故选D。 4．—What’s the population in India? —I’m not sure. I heard that it has the _______ population in the world now. A．more B．most C．larger D．largest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——印度的人口是多少? ——我不确定。我听说它现在是世界上人口最多的国家。 考查形容词最高级。more更多的，most最多的，larger更大的，largest最大的。修饰名词population，用形容词large。根据“in the world”可知此处比较的范围是三者以上，故用最高级，故用largest。故选D。 5．—How do you like the food in the restaurant? —Great, it’s ________ I’ve ever had. A．the least delicious B．the most delicious C．more delicious D．delicious 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认为饭店的食物怎么样？——太棒了，是我吃过的最美味的食物。 考查形容词的最高级。根据I’ve ever had可知，此处表示比较的范围是“我曾经吃过的所有的”，要用形容词的最高级。delicious的最高级形式是most delicious，并且形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，意思是“最美味的”。故选B。 6．—Why do you like Gold Theater best? —Because it has the ______ seats. A．much comfortable B．most comfortable C．more comfortable D．less comfortable 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——为什么最喜欢黄金剧院？——因为它有最舒适的座位。 考查形容词最高级。much comfortable错误表达（much常用于修饰比较级）；most comfortable最舒适的；more comfortable更舒适的；less comfortable不太舒适的。根据“Why do you like Gold Theater best?”可知，此处是指因为黄金剧院有最舒适的座位，所以最喜欢它。故选B。 7．The elderly find it ________ to get into public places like hospitals than before because they don’t know how to operate smart machines. A．easy B．easier C．hard D．harder 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老年人发现比以前更难进入像医院这样的公共场所，因为他们不知道如何操作智能机器。 考查形容词比较级。easy简单的；easier更简单的；hard艰难的；harder更艰难的。根据“they don’t know how to operate smart machines”可知是指老年人发现比以前更难进入像医院这样的公共场所，结合than，可知需用形容词hard比较级。故选D。 8．— Did you enjoy the ride on Space Mountain, Josh? — Yes. It couldn’t be ________. A．exciting B．more exciting C．less interesting D．the most interesting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在太空山上玩得开心吗，乔希？——是的，没有比这更令人兴奋的了。 考查形容词的比较级。exciting令人兴奋的，常用来修饰物；more exciting更令人兴奋的，比较级形式；less interesting不那么有趣；the most interesting最有趣的。根据“Yes”可知，回答者认为旅程很有趣，排除C；”根据“It couldn’t be …”可知这里的主语it指代上文提到的“太空山的旅程”，指的是物，而且这里暗含比较级形式，表示和别的事物相比没有比这更让人兴奋的了，排除A和D。故选B。 9．Tina’s favorite hobby is reading. ________ she reads,________ she becomes. A．The more, the happier B．The more, the happy C．The less, the happy D．The less, the happier 【答案】A 【详解】句意：蒂娜最喜欢的爱好是阅读。她读得越多，就变得越开心。 考查比较级。分析句子内容可知，本句话考查“The+比较级，the+比较级”结构，所以排除选项B和选项C。根据“Tina’s favorite hobby is reading.”可知蒂娜喜欢读书。故选A。 10．—How do you like FM95.5? —Great! The DJs there choose songs ________. A．most cheaply B．least cheaply C．most carefully D．least carefully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得FM95.5怎么样？——棒极了！那里的dj挑选歌曲非常仔细。 考查副词最高级辨析。most cheaply最便宜；least cheaply最不便宜；most carefully最仔细；least carefully最不仔细。根据“Great”可知，评价很好，再结合“choose songs”可知，是最仔细地挑选歌曲，故选C。 11．—Can you believe a mountain grows every year? —Of course. According to a recent survey, Qomolangma has risen ________. A．low B．high C．higher D．lower 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能相信一座山每年都在生长吗？——当然。根据最近的一项调查，珠穆朗玛峰上升得更高了。 考查副词辨析及副词比较级。low低；high高；higher更高；lower更低。根据“Can you believe a mountain grows every year”和“Of course.”可知山变高，再由“Qomolangma has risen”可知，珠穆朗玛峰更高了，要用high的比较级higher。故选C。 12．Tom walks ________ in our class on the way to the dining hall for lunch. A．fast B．faster C．the fastest D．the faster 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在去食堂吃午饭的路上，汤姆在我们班走得最快。 考查最高级。根据“in our class”可知此处是班里走得最快，用副词的最高级。故选C。 13．In Science class, Angela and Judy always finish the experiments________ in their class. A．more quickly B．the most quickly C．quicker D．the quickest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在科学课上，安吉拉和朱迪在他们班总是以最快的速度完成实验。 考查副词最高级。more quickly副词比较级；the most quickly副词最高级；quicker形容词比较级；the quickest形容词最高级。根据句意，空处的词是修饰动词，应用副词，故排除C、D项；根据比较的范围“in their class”可知比较对象是三者以上，空处应用副词最高级，故排除A项。故选B。 14．Of all the singers on the stage, Rita sings the words ________. That’s the reason why I like her. A．clear B．clearly C．more clearly D．the most clearly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在舞台上所有的歌手中，丽塔唱得最清楚。这就是我喜欢她的原因。 考查副词的最高级。clear清楚的，形容词；clearly清楚地，副词；more clearly更清楚地，比较级；the most clearly最清楚地，最高级。根据“Of all the singers on the stage”可知，三者以上的比较用最高级，此处在句中修饰动词，用副词最高级。故选D。 15．—Did Kate do best in the final exam? —No, but of all the students she did ________. A．the most careful B．more careful C．the most carefully D．more carefully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——凯特在期末考试中考得最好吗？——不是，但在所有的学生中她做得最仔细。 考查副词用法。the most careful最仔细的，形容词最高级；more careful更仔细的，形容词比较级；the most carefully最仔细地，副词最高级；more carefully更仔细地，副词比较级。根据“of all the students”可知，应使用最高级，所填词在句中修饰动词，应用副词。故选C。 16．—Our class did well in the school singing competition. —Yes, you sang _______ of all. A．most beautifully B．more beautifully C．much beautifully D．beautifully 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们班在学校歌唱比赛中表现很棒。——是的，在所有人中，你唱得最出色。 考查最高级。动词“sang”用副词修饰，根据“of all”，可知是最高级，表达“所有人中最出色”，用副词最高级“most beautifully”。故选A。 17．—Now more and more people realize the ________ of English in China. —So it is. Of all the foreign languages, English is ________ used. A．important, widely B．importance, widest C．important, more widely D．importance, the most widely 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——现在越来越多的人意识到英语在中国的重要性。——事实的确如此。在所有的外语中，英语是使用最广泛的。 考查词汇辨析及最高级。important重要的，形容词；importance重要，名词。the importance of“……的重要性”。widely广泛地，副词；wide宽的，形容词。第二空应用副词修饰动词used，且为最高级。故选D。 18．With the development of the Internet, we can find information much ________ than before. A．easiest B．more easy C．more easily D．easy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着互联网的发展，我们可以比以前更容易地找到信息。 考查副词比较级。easiest最容易的；more easy错误表达，easy的比较级是easier；more easily更容易地；easy容易的。此处用来修饰动词find，应该用副词，结合“than”可知，此处应该用副词比较级。故选C。 19．The lady has much experience to help us understand the course ________ than before. A．clear B．clearer C．clearly D．more clearly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位女士有很多经验，可以帮助我们比以前更清楚地理解这门课程。 考查副词比较级。clear清晰的；clearer更清晰的；clearly清晰地；more clearly更清晰地。结合than，且此空修饰动词understand，因此需要用副词的比较级more clearly。故选D。 20．________ you work, ________ you will be. A．The hard; the lucky B．The harder; the unluckier C．The hard; the unlucky D．The harder; the luckier 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你越努力学习，你就会越幸运。 考查形容词和副词比较级。the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……越……”。hard副词”努力地”，其比较级是harder，lucky形容词“幸运的”，其比较级是luckier。结合句意可知，努力会变得幸运。故选D。 21．As students from Grade 8, it’s important to make a plan for the study. The better plans you make, the ________ your study will become. A．more B．easiest C．easier D．more easy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为八年级的学生，制定学习计划很重要。你制定的计划越好，你的学习就会变得越容易。 考查比较级。根据“The better plans you make, the...your study will become”可知你制定的计划越好，你的学习就会变得越容易，此处是“the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓”的结构，easy的比较级是easier。故选C。 22．This term, I improved a lot, and I promise to work ______ next term. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这学期，我进步了很多，我保证下学期更努力学习。 考查比较级。hard原级；harder比较级；hardest最高级；the hardest最高级。根据语境是下学期和这学期比较，所以是比较级harder。故选B。 23．People remember pictures _______ than words because pictures are more vivid (生动的). A．easy B．easier C．easily D．more easily 【答案】D 【详解】句意：人们记住图片比记住单词更容易，因为图片更生动。 考查比较级。easy“容易的”，形容词原级；easier“更容易的”，形容词比较级；easily“容易地”，副词原级；more easily“更容易地”，副词比较级。根据“than”可知此处用比较级，且副词修饰动词“remember”，故用副词的比较级。故选D。 24．Miss Brown is one of ________ teachers in this university. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Miss Brown是这所大学最受欢迎的教师之一。 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的one of可知，此处为“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“最……的……之一”，因此应用形容词最高级形式。故选D。 25．—Jack, what do you think of the robot? —I think it’s one of ________ inventions. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——杰克，你觉得机器人怎么样？——我觉得它是最有趣的发明之一。 考查形容词的最高级。根据“one of”可知此处应用“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。故选D。 26．—Have you seen the documentary named March of the Penguins? —Yeah, I enjoy it a lot! It’s ________ one that I have ever seen. A．the most scary B．more scary C．the most interesting D．more interesting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看过名为《企鹅进行曲》的纪录片吗？——是的，我很喜欢！这是我见过的最有趣的一个。 考查形容词最高级。scary可怕的；interesting有趣的。由“I enjoy it a lot”可知，应该是认为其有趣，排除A和B；又由“It’s…one that I have ever seen”可知，指看过的众多纪录片里最有趣的一部，应用最高级。故选C。 27．Tea is one of ________ drinks in the world. Drinking tea can bring many health benefits. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 【答案】D 【详解】句意：茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一。喝茶可以带来许多健康益处。 考查形容词最高级。popular流行的，原形；more popular比较级；most popular最高级；the most popular最高级。one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”。故选D。 28．—What do you think of your new bike? —I couldn’t find a ________ one. I like it so much. A．worst B．worse C．best D．better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的新自行车怎么样？——我找不到更好的了。我非常喜欢它。 考查形容词比较级。better更好的；best最好的；worse更糟的；worst最糟的。根据“I couldn’t find a ... one. I like it so much.”可知，喜欢新自行车，找不到更好的了，此处是新自行车与其他的进行比较，空前有否定词couldn’t ，所以用比较级的否定表示最高级含义。故选D。 29．—________ the population of our country? —The population of China is much larger than that of ________ country in Europe. A．What’s; any other B．What’s; any C．How many is; any other D．How much is; any 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们国家的人口是多少？——中国的人口比欧洲任何国家都多。 考查疑问词和比较级。询问人口数量的句式是：What’s the population of...“……的人口是多少”，所以第一空选What’s；比较级+than+any+单数名词，表示不同范围内的比较；比较级+than+any+other+单数名词，表示同一范围内的比较，根据常识可知，China“中国”不属于Europe“欧洲”，所以属于不同范围内的比较。故选B。 30．—How do you like Mo Yan’s novels? —Fantastic! They are my favorites. I read them, I like them. A．The more; the more B．The more; the less C．The more; the least D．The more; the most 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得莫言的小说怎么样？ ——很棒的！它们是我的最爱。我读得越多，就越喜欢。 考查比较级。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“The+比较级，the+比较级”结构，所以排除C和D；根据“Fantastic! They are my favorites.”可知，“我”喜欢读莫言的小说，排除B。故选A。 二、阅读理解 Some kids love computer games and spend too much time on them. They often hear Mom or Dad shout at them, “Enough! Turn off the computer and find some other things to do!” Their parents are right. Why? If you’re always playing computer games, you won’t get enough exercise, so you may become fat. And if you spend too much time playing computer games, you’ll have less time to make friends or do your homework. What’s more, if you play computer games often, you may get angry easily and fight with others often. But here’s the good news: Playing computer games for a short time can be OK. Just choose (选择) some good games and spend no more than one hour a day. Play the games for your age. You can play with your mom, dad or even your grandma together. It’s a good way to relax. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 31．What does the underlined phrase (下划线短语) “Turn off” mean? A．移动 B．修理 C．关闭 D．出售 32．What does the second paragraph (段落) tell us? A．Parents are always right. B．We must spend more time on homework. C．How to make friends on the Internet. D．Why computer games are bad for you. 33．According to the passage, how long can you play computer games a day? A．No more than one hour. B．Two and a half hours. C．Three hours. D．Five hours. 34．What is the good news about playing computer games? A．We can play computer games with our family. B．It is just OK to play computer games for some time. C．Playing computer games is good for the mind. D．Parents like playing computer games, too. 35．What is the best title of the passage? A．When do you play computer games? B．Good news for you C．Are computer games good or bad for kids? D．Kids all love computer games 【答案】31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文讨论了玩电脑游戏的好处与坏处，并提出适当游戏有助于休息与放松。 31．词义猜测题。根据“Enough! Turn off the computer and find some other things to do!”可知是让他们找一些其他的事情做，所以是关闭电脑。故选C。 32．主旨大意题。根据“Their parents are right. Why? If you’ re always playing computer games, you won’t get enough exercise”可知第二段主要介绍了为什么电脑游戏不好。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据“ spend no more than one hour a day”可知一天不要花费超过一个小时玩游戏。故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据“But here’s the good news: Playing computer games for a short time can be OK.”可知短时间玩电脑游戏是可以的。故选B。 35．最佳标题题。本文讨论了玩电脑游戏的好处与坏处，并提出适当游戏有助于休息与放松，以选项C“电脑游戏对孩子是好的还是坏的”为标题最合适。故选C。 三、完形填空 Information will soon be so easy to find on the internet that people will not need to remember anything. Do you agree? Nowadays all the information we could ever need is available online and some people say that means the end of having to learn anything. It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access. 36 , not everyone has working internet all the time, for example in certain buildings or remote locations, so we do need to be able to remember information. Moreover, it takes time to look up everything you need to know online, while remembering something is 37 . The human memory is a much more efficient system. Another problem is the 38 of the information online. How do we know if it is accurate or reliable? We need to think about other facts we know and remember how to 39 information from different websites. Knowing (and remembering) how to find certain information will be more important than knowing the information itself. Finally, the internet is a good tool but it cannot take the place of our 40 . If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society. In conclusion, the internet offers us many things but it is still important to use our knowledge and memories. We need our memories to function without the internet and we also need to know how to use the internet 41 . 36．A．At first B．What’s more C．However D．After all 37．A．impossible B．immediate C．basic D．essential 38．A．protection B．amount C．development D．quality 39．A．compare B．collect C．recognize D．process 40．A．traditions B．brains C．education D．knowledge 41．A．safely B．regularly C．properly D．happily 【答案】36．C 37．B 38．D 39．A 40．B 41．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章围绕信息在互联网上极易获取这一现象展开讨论，探讨了人们是否因此不再需要记忆任何东西这一问题。 36．句意：然而，并不是每个人都能一直使用互联网，例如在某些建筑物或偏远地区，所以我们确实需要能够记住信息。 at first起初；what's more而且；however然而；after all毕竟。根据上文“It is true that those days everything you want to know is a few clicks away as long as you have internet access.”和“not everyone has working internet all the time”可知，前面说的是在有互联网的情况下，信息很容易获取，但这里提到了并不是所有人都能一直使用互联网，存在转折关系。故选C。 37．句意：此外，在网上查找你需要知道的一切都需要时间，而记住一些事情是即时的。 impossible不可能的；immediate即时的；basic基本的；essential必要的。根据上文“it takes time to look up everything you need to know online”和“while remembering something”可知，在网上查找信息需要时间，而记住信息是很快就能做到的。故选B。 38．句意：另一个问题是网上信息的质量。 protection保护；amount数量；development发展；quality质量。根据下文“How do we know if it is accurate or reliable?”可知，这里说的是网上信息的准确性和可靠性，也就是信息的质量问题。故选D。 39．句意：我们需要思考我们知道的其他事实，并记住如何比较来自不同网站的信息。 compare比较；collect收集；recognize识别；process处理。根据下文“information from different websites”可知，这里说的是要对来自不同网站的信息进行比较，以判断其准确性和可靠性。故选A。 40．句意：最后，互联网是一个很好的工具，但它不能取代我们的大脑。 traditions传统；brains大脑；education教育；knowledge知识。根据下文“If we did not remember anything, we would all spend even more time on our phones and computers than we already do, which is not good for society.”可知，如果我们不记住任何东西，就会过度依赖手机和电脑，这对社会是不利的，说明互联网不能取代我们的大脑。故选B。 41．句意：我们需要我们的记忆在没有互联网的情况下发挥作用，我们也需要知道如何正确地使用互联网。 safely安全地；regularly定期地；properly正确地；happily快乐地。根据上文“We need our memories to function without the internet”可知，我们需要正确地使用互联网，以充分发挥其作用。故选C。 四、短文填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示在所给横线上写出完整单词，并注意其形式。 The computer and the Internet have become part of teens’ life. The number of teen Internet users in China is g 42 bigger, up to 253 million. The number shows a great increase in Internet users in China over the last few years, especially among teenagers. And China becomes a large market for Internet b 43 . A new survey (调查) shows that Chinese teens take an i 44 in online activities. They seem not to know that spending too much time before a computers screen is bad for their health. According to the survey, more than half enjoy chatting online with friends and 10.6% of teens play Internet games. It is a p 45 that only 6% use the Internet to get information for their learning projects! Also, the survey finds that the teens have different favourite p 46 to use the Internet. For teens in towns, 35% choose Internet bars as a main place to go online. For those living in large cities 76% use home computers. 【答案】42．(g)rowing/(g)etting 43．(b)usiness 44．(i)nterest 45．(p)ity 46．(p)laces 【导语】本文介绍了电脑和因特网已成为青少年生活的一部分：使用因特网的中国青少年人数变得更多，青少年对网络很感兴趣，使用因特网太久对他们的身体有害，青少年最喜欢使用因特网的地方不同。 42．句意：中国青少年网络使用者的数量正在增加，达到了2.53亿。根据“up to 253 million”及首字母提示可知，此空应填连系动词grow/get“变成，达到”。grow/get bigger“增大”，句中用现在进行时。故填(g)rowing/(g)etting。 43．句意：中国成为了网络商业的大市场。根据“And China becomes a large market…”，可知，是指网络商业市场，business“商业”，名词。故填(b)usiness。 44．句意：一项新调查显示中国青少年对网络活动有兴趣。根据下文“They seem not to know that spending too much time before a computers screen is bad for their health. According to the survey, more than half enjoy chatting online with friends and 10.6% of teens play Internet games.”及首字母提示可知，此空应填名词interest“兴趣”。take an interest in“对……感兴趣”。故填(i)nterest。 45．句意：可惜的是只有6%的人用电脑来寻找信息完成作业。根据“only 6% use the Internet to get information for their learning projects”和首字母提示可知，此空应填名词pity“可惜”。It is a pity that …“……是可惜的”。故填(p)ity。 46．句意：调查也同样显示青少年有不同的喜欢上网的地方。根据“For teens in towns, 35% choose Internet bars as a main place go online. For those living in large cities, 76% use home computers.”可知，此处对上网的地方进行描述，place是名词，表示“地方”，different+名词复数，表示“不同的……”。故填(p)laces。 五、任务型阅读 Computers are the most famous invention now. They have many advantages and disadvantages. For the good side, first of all, it’s so convenient that we can use computers to do our account. The second, as the development of the Internet, computers made our world smaller and smaller. Third, we have a lot of fun with computers. So they’re really useful for us. For the disadvantages, first, we spend more time before computers and less time communicating with others. It makes our society colder. Then, many children are trapped in (陷进) the online games and give up their study. It’s a serious problem. The last, now scientists have found that computers are a bit harmful to our health. Generally speaking, computers are very important to our life though they’re not a perfect invention. 47．How many advantages are there in this passage? 48．Why does the writer say that computers make our society colder? 49．What is the serious problem according to this passage? 50．Are computers harmful to our health? 51．What does the writer think of computers? 【答案】47．Three. 48．Because we spend more time before computers and less time communicating with others. 49．Many children are trapped in (陷进) the online games and give up their study. 50．Yes. 51．They’re very important to our life though they’re not a perfect invention. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，这篇文章主要介绍了计算机的优点和缺点。 47．根据文章第二段“For the good side, first of all, it’s so convenient that we can use computers to do our account. The second, as the development of the Internet, computers made our world smaller and smaller. Third, we have a lot of fun with computers.”可知，文章中提到了计算机的三个优点，故填Three。 48．根据文章第三段“For the disadvantages, first, we spend more time before computers and less time communicating with others. It makes our society colder.”可知，作者认为计算机使我们的社会更冷漠是因为我们在计算机前花费的时间更多，而与他人交流的时间更少，故填Because we spend more time before computers and less time communicating with others. 49．根据文章第三段“Then, many children are trapped in (陷进) the online games and give up their study. It’s a serious problem.”可知，许多孩子沉迷于网络游戏并放弃学习是一个严重的问题，故填Many children are trapped in (陷进) the online games and give up their study. 50．根据文章第三段“The last, now scientists have found that computers are a bit harmful to our health.”可知，计算机对我们的健康有害，故填Yes. 51．根据文章最后一段“Generally speaking, computers are very important to our life though they’re not a perfect invention.”可知，作者认为计算机对我们的生活非常重要，尽管它们不是一个完美的发明，故填They’re very important to our life though they’re not a perfect invention. 六、书面表达 52．伟大的发明改变世界。电脑等科技产品的发明改变了人们的生活方式，促进了社会的发展。请你以“The Great Invention—the Computer”为题写一篇文章。 内容包括： 1. 发明对于人类历史的重要性； 2. 电脑的用途； 3. 如何恰当使用电脑。 要求： 1. 词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 短文须包括所给内容信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 The Great Invention—the Computer Inventions have played an important role in human history. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The Great Invention—the Computer     Inventions have played an important role in human history. Inventions promote people to develop faster and make people’s life more convenient. Of all the inventions, I think computer is the most useful for the following reasons. First, the computer provides us with different kinds of information so that we can know more about the world. Second, it can help us with our study. And we can receive and send e-mails and messages. Last but not least, if you want to buy something, you can also do some shopping online. But if you use the computer too much, it will be harmful to our health. Therefore, we must use the computer properly, such as using it at a definite time. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作开头以及要点已给出，考生注意不用遗漏写作要点中的信息，并适当添加内容，使文章语句通顺。 [写作步骤] 第一步，开门见山，介绍发明的重要性； 第二步，具体介绍电脑的用途； 第三步，建议恰当使用电脑。 [亮点词汇] ①provide...with... 把某物提供给某人 ②last but not least 最后的但并非最不重要的 [高分句型] ①First, the computer provides us with different kinds of information so that we can know more about the world.（so that引导目的状语从句） ②I think computer is the most useful for the following reasons.（宾语从句） 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$