2025年中考英语复习动词的时态（精讲精练）

动词的时态 知识导图 判断下列语句时态是否正确，正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”。 ( )1.He usually drive to school. ( )2.I hope it will be warm tomorrow. ( )3.The little boy doesn't go to sleep unless his mom tell him a story. ( )4.Su Yiming achieved his dream in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. ( )5.Our school life changed a lot since 2021. 答案：1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F 知识点1：一般现在时 谓语动词形式 用法 例句 be(am/is/are); 动词原形或第三人称单数形式(do/does) 表示经常或习惯性的动作 I often go to school at seven. 我经常在七点钟去上学。 表示现在的状态 It is twelve o＇clock now． 现在12点了。 表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征等 He looks like his father. 他看起来像他爸爸。 表示客观事实和普遍真理 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。 在时间、条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时 If it doesn't rain tomorrow,I will leave.如果明天不下雨，我将离开。 go，come，leave，arrive 等动词常用一般现在时表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情 The train to Beijing leaves at 5:30.开往北京的火车5：30离开。 时间标志 always,usually,often,sometimes,every day/week/year,on Sunday,twice a week... 即时训练 1.Steven talks about and____________ (share) everything with his friends. 2.A true friend reaches for your hand and ____________ (touch) your heart. 3.Amy used to read books before going to bed, but now she__________(get) used to listening to music. 4.The little baby won’t go to sleep unless his mom___________ (give) him a kiss. 5.We're going to Changsha. Our train____________(take) off at 13:35. 6.The teacher told us that the earth _______________ (go) around the sun. 答案：1.shares 2.touches 3.gets 4.gives 5.takes 6 goes 知识点2 一般过去时 谓语动词形式 用法 例句 be(was/were); 动词的过去式(did) 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态 I met him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上遇见他了。 表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为，常和often，always等频度副词连用 He often went to school by bus last term. 上学期他经常乘公共汽车去上学。 时间标志 yesterday,the day before yesterday,last night/week/year,a moment ago,just now,then,in 2000,when he was very young... “used to＋动词原形” 表示过去的习惯或状态。如：He used to be shy.他过去害羞。 即时训练 1. A Chinese-made C919 plane___________ (land) safely in Beijing on May 28,2023. 2. Last month，my best friend__________(agree) to go to Zibo with me to taste its delicious food. 3. A Chinese tennis player Wu Yibing ___________(win) the Dallas Open on Feb 12,2023. 4. My deskmate ______(catch) the school bus this morning,but I missed it and was late for school. 5. To avoid getting together，our school ________(hold) a parents' meeting online last week. 6. In1974,he and his team____________(succeed) in developing a set of technologies for producing hybrid rice. 7. Zheng He_________ (be) a Ming Dynasty explorer that we Chinese people are proud of. 答案：1.landed 2.agreed 3.won 4.caught 5.held 6 succeeded 7.was 知识点3 一般将来时 谓语动词形式 用法 例句 will／shall＋动词原形（shall 用于第一人称）； be(am/is/are) going to＋动词原形 表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态 My friends will go to America in two days. 两天后我的朋友们将去美国。 表示按计划、打算要做的事，多用be going to I’m going to climb the mountain this afternoon. 今天下午我打算去爬山。 时间标志 tomorrow，next week／month／year，in a few days（in＋时间段），in the future，from now on,soon... be going to与will的区别 1．be going to 指已计划好的事或思考过的意图、打算，will表示未事先思考或未计划而临时做出的决定。如： I’m going to see him tomorrow.我打算明天去看他。（事先经过思考） I’ll answer the door.我去开门。（未经事先考虑） 2．be going to 可表示客观迹象表明马上要发生的事，而will则表明说话者的主观意愿。如：Look at the clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看看这些云，暴风雨就要来了。（客观迹象表明要发生） I hope it will be warm tomorrow.我希望明天会暖和起来。（主观意愿） 3．在含有条件状语从句的复合句的主句中，一般用will，不用be going to。如： I will come if it doesn’t rain.如果不下雨的话，我就来。 即时训练 1.When I have difficulty in making a choice,Mr Wu___________ (offer) me some suggestions. 2.In the coming summer vacation，I_______________(attend) a DIY course. 3.Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you _______________(succeed) some day. 4.Boys and girls, join in the cooking club,and you____________(develop) some basic life skills. 5.Hurry up,Harry. Our friends _______________ (arrive) in half an hour. 6.Don't worry. Hobo is a smart dog and I'm sure he_____________ (come) back soon. 答案：1.will offer 2.will attend 3.will succeed 4.will develop 5.will arrive 6.will come 知识点4 现在进行时 谓语动词形式 用法 例句 am／is／are＋现在分词（doing） 表示说话时正在进行的动作 They are watching TV now.他们正在看电视。 ［see，hear等表示感官的动词不用于进行时态］ 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（常与these days 等连用） These days we're working on the farm. 这些天我们在农场干活。 与always，forever等词连用表示赞扬、厌恶或不满等情感 Alice is always thinking of others. 艾丽斯总是想着别人。 表示位置移动的动词，如come，go，leave，arrive等常用现在进行时表示最近将要进行的动作 I’m coming.我这就来。 We are leaving tomorrow.我们明天将离开。 时间标志 now,“Look!",“Listen!",at the/this moment... 即时训练 1．——Excuse me，what is Nick doing? ——Look! He_____________(water) flowers outside. 2．The workers____________(clean) the community center now. 3．We______________(have) a meeting. Come and join in. 4．Be quiet! Your father_________________ (sleep).He stayed up late last night. 5．Excuse me，what problems are we really _______________ (try) to solve? 6.The findings of an international team of scientists show that our climate_____________ (get) warmer and warmer. 答案：1.is watering 2.are cleaning 3.are having 4.is sleeping 5. trying 6.is getting 知识点5 过去进行时 谓语动词形式 用法 例句 was／were＋现在分词(doing) 表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作（动作发生的时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明） I was watching TV at eight o'clock last night.昨天晚上八点我正在看电视。 She was reading books all day last Saturday.上周六她一整天都在看书。 与always，forever等词连用表示赞扬、厌恶或不满等情感 He was forever complaining about something.他老是怨这怨那。 时间标志 at that time,at this time yesterday,at 9:00 last night,from nine to ten last night, when引导的时间状语从句（从句谓语为一般过去时） 即时训练 1．——Why didn’t you reply to my WeChat? ——Sorry. I________________(help) my neighbour look after her baby. 2． At this time yesterday，I _______________(take) a science exam here. 3．I_________________(think) about my sister when my phone rang. It was her! 4．——You look tired！ ——My husband ________________(watch) football matches all night. That was too noisy! 5.I__________________(take) a walk at 8:00 yesterday evening. 6.They __________________ (have) dinner when I came in. 答案：1.was helping 2.was taking 3.was thinking 4.is watching 5.was taking 6. are having 知识点6 现在完成时 谓语动词形式 用法 例句 have/has +过去分词 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响 I have watched the film already.我已经看过这部电影了。（已知电影内容） 表示过去开始的动作或状态，一直持续到现在乃至将来（谓语常用 动词，与so far，since／for...连用） I have studied in the school since 2019. 自从2019年我就在这所学校学习。 时间标志 already,just,yet,so far,up to now,ever,since then,in/during the past...years,“since ＋过去时间点”，“since＋一般过去时从句”，“for＋时间段”... 要点提练 1． have／has been to，have／has gone to 与 have／has been in have/has been to+地点,，表示_______________________（现在已经回来了），常与ever、never、twice等词连用 have/has gone to+地点，表示_______________________（人不在说话现场），只能用于第三人称 have/has been in+地点+for+时间段，表示____________________强调从过去到现在一直待在某地， I have been to Changsha many times,so I know much about the city. —Where is your father? I haven’t seen him for days. —He has gone to Beijing.He’ll be back next week. She has been in China for 10 years. 2．延续性动词与非延续性动词 英语中的动词按动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词两种，非延续性动词也可称为短暂性动词或瞬间动词。在现在完成时态中，有时要将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词，这样才能和时间段连用。 I bought this bike 3 years ago. I have had this bike for 3 years. 3．现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时强调某一动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。如： I bought a ticket yesterday.我昨天买了一张票。 （强调我昨天做的一件事是买票） I have already bought a ticket.我已经买了一张票。 （强调我已经有票了，无需再惦记票的事了） 即时训练 1．My teacher______________ (teach) me to treat older people with respect in the past few years. 2．Fan Jinshi ______________(do) a lot to protect Dunhuang culture for many years. 3．We also look for ways to review what we________________ (learn) since three years ago. 4.——How do you get on with the English book? ——I've no idea.I____________ (read) only half of it,and I'll try to finish it at the weekend. 5. Not only Paul but also his mother ______________(visit) many cities since they came to China. 6. The city park____________(be) open for 4 years, but I____________(be) there only twice. 答案：1.has treated 2has done 3.have learned 4.have read 5.has been; have been 巩固训练 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1．Every time she_________(fail), Jane tells herself not to give up. 2．My father________（tell）me a funny joke and I can't stop laughing every time I think of it. 3．Mr．Green________(buy) a new bike for his daughter tomorrow. 4．The headmaster is not available now．He______________(speak) to the new teachers. 5．The documentary A Plastic Ocean is so impressive that I___________(watch) it several times so far. 6．I ___________（read) books in the library when the rainstorm came. 7．A good student often____________（connect) what he is learning with past experiences. 8．China’s women’s soccer team members hugged each other as they__________(win) the game. 9．What great progress our country_____________(make) since 1949! 10．She will fly to Haikou as soon as she____________(finish) the task. 11．——What were you doing at 7：00 yesterday evening, Lisa? ——I__________________(clean) up the kitchen with my mother. 12．I don’t know if Lucy___________to Jack's party next Sunday. If she________ ,so will I. (go) 13．In my school days，I did a lot of reading in English every day. That was how I_________(learn) English at that time. 14．—Jerry，can you give me a hand？ —Just a minute.I_________________(send) an e-mail. 15． —Would you like something to drink？ —No,thanks.I_______________(drink) some tea already. 二、语法填空（语篇型）全国视野 Hayley is a girl from America. When she 1__________(be) five years old, she came across a homeless man on the street with her mother．An old man 2_________________（search） for food in the dustbin（垃圾箱）at that time. Hayley was touched by the old man and wanted to help him. Her mother 3_____________(agree). Since then, Hayley has done everything she can to help those homeless people. She handed out the vegetables that she 4____________(grow) in the garden by herself. And she even tried to build small houses for them. So far, she 5_________(help) a number of homeless people around. And she 6 ____________(continue) to do this in the future. Remember, your small actions can help and warm the people in need. 答案： 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.fails 2.told 3.will buy 4.is speaking 5.have watched 6.was reading 7.connects 8.won 9.has made 10.finishes 11.was cleaning 12.will go; goes 13.learned/learnt 14.am sending 15.have drunk 二、语法填空（语篇型）全国视野 1.was 2.was searching 3.agreed 4.grew 5.has helped 6.will continue 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$