Unit 8 Detective stories(知识清单)英语牛津译林版九年级上册

2025-10-30
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Unit 8 Detective stories 速记清单知识目录 单元核心话题:侦探故事与人身安全 学习目标:本单元的话题是“侦探故事与人身安全”,要求学生能简单描述侦探故事的情节。内容包括侦 探故事简介、人物角色、情节、演员介绍、喜爱的侦探故事或角色、如何保护人身安全等。培养法制意识,增强法制观念,与犯罪作斗争。 语法目标:关系代词引导的定语从句。 听说目标:能够听懂且谈论且用正确的时态描述侦探故事的情节。 写作目标:本单元写作要求同学们能根据相关信息提示简单地描述侦探故事的情节、介绍喜爱的侦探故事或角色或者说明如何保护人身安全。 知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式。 【重点短语】 1. go missing 不见了 2. of medium height 中等身高 3. the scene of the crime 在案发现场 4. be wounded with a knife 被刀刺伤 5. bleed to death 流血过多而死 6. solve the case 破案 7. a well-paid job 收入很高的工作 8. be guilty of 犯罪 9. be charged with… 因……被指控 10. break into 闯入 11. at the time the crime 在案发时 12. do something against the law 做违法的事 13. be sure of sth 对……很确定 14. have something to do with 与….有关 15. a master at solving crimes 一个擅长破案的人 16. commit the crime 犯罪 17. turned out 结果是…证明是….. 18. be in a hurry to catch a bus 忙着去赶公共汽车 19. call the police 报警 20. under arrest for 因…..而被捕了。 21.at one’s wedding 在某人的婚礼上 22.guard against 防范、堤防 23.get along with 与……相处 【重点句式】 1.I want to know how you get on/ along with your new classmates. 我想知道你和新同学相处得怎么样。 2.A reward of 1000 will be given to the witness who offers clues to the case. 为案件提供线索的证人将获得1000英镑的奖励。 3. It turned out that the man who broke into the bank that day was his brother. 原来那天闯入银行的人是他的兄弟。 4.I wonder whether you have something to do with kidnapping the little boy. 我想知道你是否与绑架那个小男孩有关。 5.The man who has criminal record is the murderer of the criminal case. 有犯罪记录的人是这起刑事案件的凶手。 6. He was under arrest/arrested for stealing valuable jewellery by the police. 他因盗窃贵重珠宝而被警方逮捕。 7.He once told me that he had been in the Computer Club for two years. 他曾经告诉我,他在计算机俱乐部已经两年了。 8.Can you tell me what he is /he has been charged with? 你能告诉我他被控什么罪吗? 9. No one knows what the old man did for a living in the past. 没有人知道这位老人过去以什么为生。 10.He was in prison for three years and a half because of theft. 他因盗窃被判入狱三年半。 【精讲精练】 考点 1 detective 1.detective stories 侦探故事 【detective作形容词: 侦探的】 【注】detective 也可作n. 侦探; 警探; 私人侦探; eg: a detective 一名侦探 A detective is someone who looks for clues to something important. 【定语从句】 侦探就是寻找重要事件线索的人。 考点2. missing missing是miss的动名词形式,还可作形容词,表示“(现在)处于丢失的状态”。例如: My key to my house is still missing now. 我家的钥匙还是找不到。 【拓展】 (1)miss作动词,意为“想念/错过”。例如: We have never seen each other for a long time, so I miss you very much. 因为我们彼此很长时间没有见面了, 所以我非常想念你。 She missed an important meeting yesterday. 她昨天错过了一次重要的会议。 (2)lose作动词,意为“丢失,损失”,过去式是lost,lost还可作形容词,意为“丢失的,迷路的”。例如: They lost a large sum of money on that project.他们在那个项目上损失了一大笔钱。 The twin brothers are (get) lost in the forest. 这对双胞胎弟弟在森林里迷路了。 【经典练】 1.Hurry up, ________ you will miss the beginning of the concert. A.so B.or C.and D.but 【答案】B 【详解】句意:快点,否则你会错过音乐会的开场。考查连词辨析。so所以;or否则;and和;but但是。根据“Hurry up...you will miss”可知要快点,否则就会错过音乐会的开场。故选B。 考点3. dress dress作动词,意为“穿着,穿衣”,后面一般接表示人的名词或代词作宾语,不接表示衣服的名词。例如: The boy can dress himself. 那个男孩儿可以自己穿衣服。 (1)dress up意为“装扮,乔装打扮”或者“穿上盛装,打扮”。例如: You don’t need dress up for the party. 你不必为这个聚会精心打扮。 The boy often dresses up as a monkey. 那个男孩常装扮成一只猴子。 (2)be dressed意为“穿着”,表示一种状态,后面跟介词in可以和接表示颜色的词。例如: She was dressed in white.她穿着白色衣服。 【拓展】 wear,put on,dress与in (1)wear 表示穿着、戴着的某种状态。例如: She wears a pink coat. 她穿着一件粉红色大衣。 (2)put on 表示穿戴的动作。例如: She put on her beautiful hat. 她戴上了她的漂亮帽子。 (3)dress 后接人作宾语,表示“给……穿衣”。例如: She dresses herself every day. 她每天自己穿衣。 (4)in与wear 都表示“穿”或者“戴”,wear在句中作谓语,in与其他词一起构成介宾短语,做句子的定语、表语等。例如: She is in pink. 她穿着粉红色的衣服。 【经典练】 1.Although Lucy is only three years old, she is able to ________ herself. A.put B.make C.wear D.dress 【答案】D 【详解】句意:尽管露西只有三岁,但她已经能自己穿衣服了。考查动词辨析。put放;make制作;wear穿;dress穿衣服。dress oneself表示“自己穿衣服”,固定用法。故选D。 考点4. confirm (1)作动词,意为“证实;确定”,后接宾语,that引导的从句或特殊疑问词引导的从句。例如: His letter confirmed everything. 他的信证实了一切。 I gave the policeman a number to ring to confirm the fact. 我给警察一个电话号码,要他打电话证实此事。 (2)作动词,意为“ 坚定;加强”。例如: The latest developments confirmed me in my belief. 最新的发展使我坚信我的信仰。 (3)作动词,还意为“批准,确认”。例如: The Mayor confirmed the treaty. 市长批准了此项条约 【经典练】 1.He asked the question again to ________ the information. A.punish B.confirm C.publish D.comfort 【答案】B 【详解】句意:他又问了一遍这个问题,来确认信息。 考查动词辨析。punish惩罚;confirm确认;publish出版;comfort安慰。根据“asked the question again”可知是确认信息,故选B。 考点5.find out find out意为“查明白、弄清楚”,多用于经过调查、分析、研究等手段查出的情况,查出的东西往往是抽象的,如时间、事实、真相等。例如: Please find out when the meeting starts. 请查一下会议什么时候开始。 【拓展】 (1)find意为“找到、发现”,指偶然发现或经过一番寻找,找到值得或所需的东西,强调找的结果。例如: I found the book I was looking for. 我找到了一直在找的书。 (2)look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调找的动作。例如: Jim is looking for his little dog. Jim正在找他的狗。 (3)discover意为“发现”,指有意或无意地发现已经存在尚不为人知的事物。例如: China has discovered oil under the South China Sea. 中国在南海发现了石油。 (4)invent意为“发明”指经过研究、设计而创造出原本未有的东西。例如: Cai Lun invented the paper. 蔡伦发明了纸。 【经典练】 1.Our geography teacher told us to __________ more information about our city and share it next week. A.keep away B.find out C.turn off 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们的地理老师告诉我们要发现关于我们城市的更多信息,下周分享。考查动词短语辨析。keep away远离;find out找出,发现;turn off关掉。根据“...more information...and share”可知,要分享你找到的信息,选项B符合语境。故选B。 考点6. death death作名词,意为“死亡”。例如: She cried out after knowing his husband’s death. 知道丈夫的死讯后,她大哭起来。 【拓展】 (1)die 作动词,意为“死亡”。例如: His father died last week. 他的父亲上周去世了。 (2)dead作形容词,意为“死的”,指状态,可以和一段时间连用。例如: He found a dead bird in the garden. 他在花园里发现一只死鸟。 (3)dying作形容词,意为“快要死的;奄奄一息的”。例如: The dying man was saved by a kind-hearted lady. 那位奄奄一息的老人被一位好心女士救了。 【经典练】 1.At last the poor old woman _________ but the doctor didn’t know the reason of her _________. A.died; death B.dead; died C.death; dead 【答案】A 【详解】句意:最后那个贫穷的老妇人死了,但是医生不知道她去世的原因。 考查动词以及名词的用法。died死,动词过去式;death死亡,名词;dead死的,形容词。第一个空作句子的谓语,用动词;形容词性物主代词her后加名词。故选A。 考点7. provide provide作动词,意为“提供,供给”,常与介词with连用,provide sb.with sth.表示“供应给某人某物”;也可以用于provide sth. for sb.,表示“为某人提供某物”,provide的宾语是被提供的东西,for的宾语是接受这些东西的人等。 The sun provides us with light and heat.=The sun provides light and heat for us.太阳给我们提供光和热。 【拓展】 辨析:offer与provide offer (1)给予,提供(有主观上愿意供给的意思) He offered me a glass of wine. 他端给我一杯酒。 (2)愿意,试图(做某事);提议[+to do] They offered to help me. 他们表示愿意帮助我。 (3)offer还有“出价,给工资”的意思。 We offered him the calculator for $50. 这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。 provide (1)作及物动词,“提供装备,供给”, provide sb.with sth.= provide sth.for sb.表示“为某人提供某物”。例如: She managed to provide her children with food and clothing. 她设法使她的孩子有饭吃,有衣穿。 (2)作不及物动词,“抚养,赡养”(+for) He tried to earn more money to provide for a large family.他设法多挣钱以供养一个大家庭。 【经典练】 1.— Are you going to Tibet for vacation? — Yes, I want you to ______ me with more information about it. A.offer B.provide C.afford D.share 【答案】B 【详解】句意: ——你要去西藏度假吗?——是的,我希望你能给我提供更多的信息。 考查动词辨析。offer提供;provide提供;afford负担得起;share分享。根据“me with more information about it.”可知,希望对方提供信息,结合with可知,此处是短语provide sb with sth“为某人提供某物”。故选B。 考点8 well-paid He had many friends and a well-paid job. well-paid是一个复合形容词,意为“高薪的”。复合形容词是由两个或两个以上的单词组成,用来修饰一个名词。组成复合形容词的每个形容词之间要用连字符连接以避免混淆和词不达意。 复合形容词主要用来作定语,并且只作前置定语,即要放在被修饰词之前。它也可以作形容词,表示一个长时间的特点或性质。例如: an eight- year-old boy 一个八岁的男孩 a ten-metre-tall tree 一棵三米高的树 复合形容词构成很多,如下: (1)数词+名词(单数) one-child 独生子女的 two-hour 两小时的 (2)数词+名词(单数)+形容词 three-year-old 三岁的 seven-foot-wide 七英尺宽的 8000-meter-long 8000米长的 six-meter-tall 六米高的 (3)形容词+名词(普通) full-time 全日制的 high-class 高级的 second-hand 二手的 part-time 业余的 【经典练】 1.Alice has a well-paid ________, but she has too much ________ to do. A.job; work B.work; work C.job; job D.work; job 【答案】A 【详解】句意:爱丽丝有一份高薪的工作,但是她有太多的工作要做。考查名词辨析。work工作,不可数名词;job工作,可数名词。根据“a well-paid”可知第一空用可数名词单数job;结合much可知第二空用不 考点9 according to According to the record, he was guilty of computer crimes in the past. according to 意为“根据”,后接名词或代词。主要用来表示“根据”某学说、某书刊、某文件、某人所说等或表示“按照”某法律、某规定、某惯例、某情况等。 例如:  Everything went off according to plan. 一切都按照计划实现了。   According to my watch it is five o’clock. 照我的表,现在是5点钟。   Each man will be paid according to his ability. 每个人将根据他的能力获得报酬。   【拓展】 (1)according as意为“根据,随……而定”,后接从句。例如:  Everyone contributes according as he is able. 每个人根据自己的能力做出贡献。   You will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad. 根据你工作的好坏,你会得到表扬或批评。   (2) 但是,对于那些由what, which, whether, how, when, where等引导的句子,其前要用according to,不用according as。   He is an honest businessman, according to what everyone says. 根据大家所说,他是位诚实的商人。   The amount of tax people pay varies according to where they live. 居住地不同,人们所交的税额也各不相同。   These apples have been graded according to how big they are. 这些苹果已经按照大小分了等级。   They were arranged according to when they happened. 它们是按发生的时间安排的。 【经典练】 1.________ the doctor, the old man was saved and out of danger. A.Thanks for B.Thanks to C.As for D.According to 【答案】B 【详解】句意:多亏了医生,老人得救了脱离了危险。 考查短语辨析。Thanks for为……而感谢;Thanks to多亏,由于;As for至于;According to根据。根据“...the doctor, the old man was saved and out of danger”可知,老人脱离危险是由于医生的救治,选项B符合语境。故选B。 考点10 be charged with He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year. be charged with意为“承担……,被指控……,(因某事)谴责(人)”。例如: Jack is charged with looking after his brother. Jack负责照看他的弟弟。 The man is charged with murder. 那人被指控杀人。 其主动语态为charge sb. with…。例如: The police charged the driver with careless driving. 警察指控这个驾驶员鲁莽驾驶。 【拓展】 charge作动词,既可做及物动词,也可做不及物动词。 (1)作及物动词,意为“记账;给……充电;委以重任”等。例如: Please charge these bills to my account. 请把这些帐单记在我的账上。 He forgot to charge the battery. 他忘记给电池充电了。 She was charged with an important mission. 她被委以重任。 (2)作不及物动词,意为“收费,要价;记账;充电”等。例如: How much do you charge for a room? 租一个房间要多少钱? Charge now,pay later. 现在先记账,以后再付款。 Does your car battery charge easily? 你汽车上的蓄电池容易充电吗? 【经典练】 1.The suspect who was caught this morning is murder and he has also been guilty of several crimes before. A.charged with; other B.charged for; the other C.curious about; other D.known for; another 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析:句意:今天早上被抓到的犯罪嫌疑人被指控犯有谋杀罪,他以前也犯过几次其他罪行。charge ...with固定结构,控告……犯了某罪,curious about 好奇;known for,以……出名。根据句意,主语为“嫌疑人”,宾语为罪名,故选A。another另一个,再一个,表示在原来的基础上增加一个;the other,指两个中的另一个;other表示泛指,其他的,做形容词时后加名词复数。综上,故选A。 考点11 suppose We suppose that the victim knew his murderer. (1)suppose作及物动词时,意为“假定,猜想”,后面常接宾语从句。例如: Let’s suppose that the news is true. 让我们假定这个消息时真的。 (2)suppose和think, believe等后跟宾语从句时,主句主语是第一人称时,其反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。例如: I suppose she is serious, isn’t she? 我猜想她是认真的,不是吗? (3)对含有suppose的疑问句,简略回答中肯定回答用Yes, I suppose so;否定回答用No, I suppose not,或No, I don’t suppose so. 例如: — Do you suppose he will come? 你猜他会来吗? — No, I suppose not / don’t suppose so. 不,我猜不会来。 【经典练】 1.—Could you give me some advice on how to spend my time wisely? — First of all, you ________ to spend more time studying. A.suppose B.supposed C.were supposed D.are supposed 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你能给我一些建议关于如何明智地使用时间吗?——首先,你应该花更多的时间学习。 考查动词短语。短语“应该”英文表达为be supposed to do,该句表建议是一般现在时。故选D。知识要点二、语法 定语从句 1 定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如: I have trouble understanding people who / that talk fast. 我很难听懂讲话很快的人。 This is the car (which/that) I bought last month. 这是我上个月买的车。 上面两句中的people和the car是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。 2 引导定语从句的关系代词有who, that和which等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,同时又作定语从句的一个成分。详见下表: 3 关系代词只能用that的情况: (1)先行词既包括人又包括物时。 (2)先行词是物,而且被序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few等词修饰时。(如先行词是人,则在此情况下关系代词可以是who或that。) (3)先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, something, anything, none, the one等不定代词时。 下列定语从句中填上which,who,whom或that的关系代词,指出那些可以省略。 1. Is this the book ____________ you borrowed from the library? 【答案】which that/可省略 【解析】先行词指物,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语。可省略。 2. Do you know the man _____________ is speaking to Jack? 【答案】that /who 不可省略 【解析】先行词指人,关系代词在定语从句中作主语。不可省略。 3. The factory _____________ we will visit next week is not far from here. 【答案】that which/可省略 【解析】先行词指物,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语。可省略。 4. The thief _______________ the police is looking for has ever appeared near the super market. 【答案】who /whom /that/可省略 【解析】先行词指人,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语。可省略。 5. The student ______________ is against the school rules should be punished. 【答案】that /who 不可省略 【解析】先行词指人,关系代词在定语从句中作主语。不可省略。 6.He talked to me about the things and people ______ he came across in China. 【答案】that /可以省略 【解析】引导词在定语从句中作宾语。先行词有人有物只能用“that” 知识要点三、书面表达 “侦探故事与人身安全” 【话题分析】 本单元的话题是“侦探故事与人身安全”,要求学生能简单描述侦探故事的情节或者说明如何保护人身安全,本单元写作要求同学们能根据相关信息提示简单地描述侦探故事的情节、介绍喜爱的侦探故事或角色或者说明如何保护人身安全。内容包括侦探故事简介、人物角色、情节、演员介绍、喜爱的侦探故事或角色、如何保护人身安全等。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点: 1. 能用定语从句中的关系代词组织内容; 2. 能用正确的时态描述侦探故事的情节; 3. 能正确使用情态动词或者祈使句谈论人身安全; 4. 能正确书写英语句子。 写作步骤 步骤一:确定侦探故事的情节或者说明如何保护人身安全的内容和顺序。 步骤二:列举介绍侦探故事的情节或者说明如何保护人身安全的句型,多多益善。 步骤三:成段成篇,修改完善。 【写作语材积累】 目击证人witness 嫌疑犯 suspect 谋杀者 Murderer 犯罪的 Criminal 罪犯 criminal 警察 police 小偷thief 偷窃theft 抢窃rob 受害者victim 1.go missing不见了 2. make notes做记录 3. medium height中等身高 4.find out找出,查明 5.bleed to death流血而死 6.be guilty of犯有……罪 commit a crime 犯罪 7. be charged with被指控…… 8. break into强行闯入 9. have something to do with 与……有关 10.turn out原来是 11. have nothing to do with与……无关 12. guard against sth防范,提防(某事) 13. get along/on with与……和睦相处 2、 必备句型 1.I want to know how you get on/ along with your new classmates. 我想知道你和新同学相处得怎么样。 2.A reward of 1000 will be given to the witness who offers clues to the case. 为案件提供线索的证人将获得1000英镑的奖励。 3. It turned out that the man who broke into the bank that day was his brother. 原来那天闯入银行的人是他的兄弟。 4.I wonder whether you have something to do with kidnapping the little boy. 我想知道你是否与绑架那个小男孩有关。 5.The man who has criminal record is the murderer of the criminal case. 有犯罪记录的人是这起刑事案件的凶手。 6. He was under arrest/arrested for stealing valuable jewellery by the police. 他因盗窃贵重珠宝而被警方逮捕。 7.He once told me that he had been in the Computer Club for two years. 他曾经告诉我,他在计算机俱乐部已经两年了。 8.Can you tell me what he is /he has been charged with? 你能告诉我他被控什么罪吗? 9. No one knows what the old man did for a living in the past. 没有人知道这位老人过去以什么为生。 10.He was in prison for three years and a half because of theft. 他因盗窃被判入狱三年半。 【实战演练】 根据下面提示,写一篇90词左右的短文,描述一起谋杀案件。 1.昨晚11点到12点之间,人民路上发生了一起谋杀案,被害者是一名司机,四十多岁,中等身材。 2.案发时,有人听到被害者求救。受害人受了刀伤,流血过多而死。 3.警方在现场拍照搜寻线索,也悬赏五万元,以获取重要线索。 4.如果你有任何信息,请拨打110和警方联系。希望得到广大市民帮助,将罪犯绳之以法以告慰亡灵。(bring the criminal to justice, provid some comfort to the families of victims) _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ A horrible murder took place between 11 pm and 12 pm last night on Renmin Road. The victim was a driver of medium height in his forties. During the crime, people nearby heard his cries for help. The poor man fell to the ground on their back and was badly hurt and unfortunately bled to death. The police arrived, but the murderer had gone missing , The police took photos and searched for criminal clues. They also offered a reward of 50,000 yuan for important clues. If you have any information, please contact the police by dialing 110. Every piece of information is crucial for bringing criminals to justice and providing some comfort to the families of victims. The police are working hard to solve the case and need the help of the public. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 8 Detective stories(知识清单)英语牛津译林版九年级上册
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Unit 8 Detective stories(知识清单)英语牛津译林版九年级上册
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Unit 8 Detective stories(知识清单)英语牛津译林版九年级上册
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