精品解析：山东省威海市乳山市银滩高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

银滩高中10月月考试题 一、阅读理解 A Marvelous Scenic Walks Near London There are plenty of walking routes in London. If you fancy something a bit more rural, then the green and pleasant land has plenty to offer. Goring Gap and the Thames Path If you’re in the mood for a gentle rural walk, the Thames Path is far from boring. The 5-mile footpath follows the curve of the river, winding past wildflower meadows (草地). Post-walk pub: Pangbourne’s seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes. Bag a table on the riverside or keep toasty by one of its open fires. Box Hill To admire this spots rural views, first you’ve got to jump across 17 stepping stones and climb 272 steps to the top of Box Hill, where the path begins. The total distance is 6.8 miles. Post-walk pub: The cavernous Tree on Box Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden, or sample a glass of Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie. A South Downs Ridge (山脊) If you’ve already done the classic Seven Sisters clifftop walk or can’t face all those hills, this is a long but lovely alternative. The route covering 14.3 miles snakes along a ridge and a river valley. Post-walk pub: There are always 10 real beers at the old-school pub The Wellington. Chess Valley in the Chilterns Chess Valley in the Chiltern Hills isn’t home to any chess masters, but it used to produce a kind of water plant. This walk of 4.9 miles follows the river, winding through rolling meadows and woods. Post-walk pub: The George & Dragon is a simple old coaching pub on the High Street with a log fire, real beers and giant burgers. 1. Which of the following walks covers the shortest distance? A. Box Hill. B. A South Downs Ridge. C. Chess Valley in the Chilterns. D. Goring Gap and the Thames Path. 2. What do the listed scenic walks in the text have in common? A. The pubs are pretty and old-fashioned. B. Visitors can relax at special pubs after walks. C. There are rivers winding through the meadows. D. The food served there is expensive and of high quality. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A A geography book. B. A travel brochure. C. A fashion website. D. A science magazine. B One year before, at age 18, Leszyeski had aged out of foster care (寄养中心), having been in the system since she was four when her single mother was no longer able to care for her. Leszyeski was now enrolled in college hoping to become a doctor. And the only furniture she had in her apartment was an air mattress with a hole in it. Then she learned about an organization Chairity. The organization provides furniture and household goods for young adults who have left foster care. Leszyeski reached out to Charity, a nonprofit formed by 23-year-old Maria Paparella. Paparella first became aware of foster care in elementary school when her parents were considering adopting a child. The plan didn't work out, but Paparella often found herself thinking about that child. “I'm really close with my family, and I just couldn't imagine being completely on my own at 18,” she says. At 16, Paparella visited Summit County Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to understand what aging out looked like. One of her questions was “What's not being met for these young people?” Near the top of the list was furniture. “That struck home,” says Paparella. The idea of “moving into an apartment without a bed to sleep on or a sofa to sit on” pulled at her heartstrings. Paparella contacted her parents' friends, asking if they had spare furniture to donate. A local furniture store offered free ware-house space and its delivery truck. Watching the recipients' faces when they received a bed, a couch — whatever — was amazing. Paparella remembers delivering a gold lamp to a woman and watching her polish it lovingly, getting rid of dirt and fingerprints. Today, Chairity has given furniture to nearly 200 young adults in homes across six Ohio counties. Paparella is convinced these contributions give the recipients hope and confidence. Leszyeski agrees.“It makes me feel like I'm not different from other people. My whole life, I've felt abnormal,”she says,“Now, I feel normal.” 4. Which can best describe Leszyeski's life after leaving foster care? A. Tough but hopeful. B. Poor and aimless. C. Wealthy but boring. D. Independent and carefree. 5. Why did Paparella found Chairity? A. To get some financial benefits from it. B. To help those aging out of foster care. C. To aid the needy couple adopt a child. D. To ask people to donate some couches. 6. When was Paparella most touched at the age of 16? A. Living without parents. B. Moving into a new house. C. Getting free truck delivery. D. Visiting a foster care center. 7 What does Leszyeski think of Chairity? A. It changes young adults' whole life. B. It brings confidence to the recipients. C. It has helped lots of homeless people. D. It makes people different from others. C Like the rest of us, scientists have long suspected the healing capacity (修复能力) of a good hug. Unlike the rest of us, they’ve gone about trying to prove it. “Laboratory studies suggest that things like hugs help us feel safer. They can also make us less sensitive to physical pain and less reactive when we’re faced with threatening experiences,” says Michael Murphy. He is a research professor in the department of psychological sciences at Texas Tech University. “This lab work has shown that hugs and other touch behavior are related to stress. The more stress we have, the more our heart rates and blood pressure go up. At this time, hugs and other forms of personal touch may give off all sorts of feel-good chemicals, so that stress can be reduced.” “There’s a lot that we still need to learn, and there’s a lot we don’t know,” Murphy says. “However, what seems to be rising up is that hugs, as well as other forms of loving and gentle touch, are really powerful. They remind people that they’ re cared about and that they have someone in their corner.” We expect touch. When we were born, we were placed in our mothers’ arms almost immediately. In that first year of our life, we spend a lot of time being held by other people. And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection. I think what we have lost in the past few years are these really easy opportunities to be reminded of connection.” While he was at Carnegie Mellon, Murphy was the lead author of a hug-centered 2018 article in the scientific journal PLOS One. In a series of interviews with 404 adults over a two-week period, the researchers found that receiving a hug is associated with the attenuation of negative emotions that occur on days with interpersonal conflicts. That is to say, generally, hugs help to reduce the negative impacts that personal conflicts may cause in our daily lives. 8. What can we infer about hugs from the laboratory studies? A. They show people’s good social relationships. B. They can cure us of our mental disease. C. They can put much pressure on people. D. They make us feel calm and at ease. 9. Why do people seek out hugs and touch as they grow up? A. To recall childhood memories. B. To keep connected with others. C. To solve relationship problems. D. To express their social politeness. 10. What does the underlined word “attenuation” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Expression. B. Influence. C. Suffering. D. Reduction. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Power of Hugs B. How to Reduce Stress C. How to Care for Others D. The Importance of Interpersonal Relations D Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond. The researchers at Nanjing University showed that the lunar sample brought back by China’s Chang’e-5 contains active compounds (化合物) that can change carbon dioxide into oxygen and fuel. Initially, they hoped to design a system that took advantage of lunar soil and solar radiation, the two rich resources on the moon, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal Joule. After analyzing the Chang’e-5’s lunar soil, the team found the sample contained metal- rich substances, which could work as a catalyst (催化剂) to make oxygen using sunlight and carbon dioxide. The team proposed a strategy using lunar soil to electrolyze water from the moon and the astronauts’ life support system into oxygen and hydrogen. The process was powered by sunlight. The carbon dioxide breathed out by moon inhabitants can be collected and combined with hydrogen to produce the fuel, also catalyzed by the lunar soil, according to the study. The researchers said with this method, no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base. “We use the environmental resources to minimize rocket payload, and our strategy provides a scenario for a sustainable and affordable living environment for life out of the Earth,” said the paper’s first author Yao Yingfang from Nanjing University, expressing his assumption. “The challenge lies in the fact that catalytic efficiency of lunar soil is lower than catalysts on the Earth,” said the researchers. They are testing different approaches in order to improve the design. The team is looking for an opportunity to test the system in space with China’s future manned lunar missions. 12. What is the main implication of Chinese scientists’ discovery of the moon’s soil? A. The moon is rich in rare elements. B. Lunar soil can be used for exploring space. C. The moon can be lived on by humans. D. Lunar soil is a new renewable energy source. 13. What did the researchers work on according to paragraph 3? A. The process of the sun producing light. B. The analysis of China’s Chang’e-5’s work. C. The supportive method producing metal-rich substances. D. The sustainable living strategy employing lunar resources. 14. What does the underlined word “scenario” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Contract. B. Profession. C. Possibility. D. Sponsor. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The discovery of active compounds on the moon. B The testing approaches to improving the lunar soil. C. The research on the environmental system of the moon. D. The study of using lunar soil for oxygen and fuel production. 七选五 Helping the environment and protecting our resources are very important activities. ____16____ There are several ways that you can help protect this planet we call home. Use reusable bags. Plastic bags that get thrown out end up in landfills or in other parts of the environment. ____17____ Also, it takes decades for the bags to decompose (分解). Therefore, whether you are shopping for food, clothes or books, use a reusable bag. This cuts down on litter and prevents animals from getting hold of them. Use reusable drink containers. Instead of buying individually packaged drinks, consider buying a reusable water bottle. ____18____ A lot of coffee shops, Starbucks, for example, even offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks. Save electricity. Use energy-efficient light bulbs (灯泡) instead of regular bulbs. They last longer, which will save you a bit of money. What’s more, make sure you turn off lights, the TV, and other devices when you are not using them. Turn off your air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary. ____19____ Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter. Save water. More water is wasted than we realize. Turn off the water tap when you are brushing your teeth. Don’t turn your shower on until you’re ready to get in and wash your hair. Limit your water usage as you wash dishes. ____20____ A. This is especially true as the seasons change. B And students without doubt can make a difference. C. They last longer, which will save you a bit of money. D. Everyone should take measures to fight against the water pollution. E. These can kill animals who get stuck in them or mistake them for food. F. Not only will this help protect the environment, but help you save money. G. Developing these habits will be good for both the environment and your wallet. 二、完形填空 I was picking through coat pockets and madly shaking all my old purses and wallets. I was looking for pennies quarters—anything that would help me ____21____ it to the end of the week. It sure was feeling ____22____. A hopeless girl in her twenties, I was a ____23____ parent, with a one-year-old son and a five-year-old daughter. Life consisted of ups and downs. I’ll never forget the ____24____ of finding one penny during my hunt, then two, then fifteen, and then twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six. Every time I ____25____ one, I felt excited. ____26____ now, I see that it was somewhat ironic (讽刺的) ____27____ I had looked down on pennies at one point in my life. I sat in my bedroom that night and sorted all the ____28____ from my hour-long quest. I smiled and made ____29____ with my daughter while we packed our pennies. Her brother joyfully bounced up and down in his bouncer. They had no _____30_____ how many nights I would _____31_____ with my face buried in the pillows, _____32_____ how I would keep a roof over their heads, lights on in the house, and food on the table. I remember those days like they were yesterday, but I don’t remember them with _____33_____. I remember them intentionally because I promised myself that if I were ever to escape the _____34_____ of poverty, I would never forget the _____35_____ of a penny. I’ve kept that promise, too. 21. A. make B. adopt C. spot D. give 22. A. bored B. nervous C. heavy D. hurried 23. A. hard B. curious C. alive D. single 24. A. plan B. joy C. mind D. course 25. A. found B. made C. lent D. gave 26. A. Looking back B. Coming along C. Getting down D. Wondering around 27. A. yet B. because C. so D. and 28. A. paper B. day C. change D. time 29. A. hands B. ways C. body D. jokes 30. A. chance B. idea C. sight D. reach 31. A. expect B. drop C. cry D. show 32. A. wondering B. changing C. deciding D. keeping 33. A. excitement B. recovery C. sadness D. injury 34. A. comments B. choices C. pains D. decisions 35. A. dream B. upset C. challenge D. value 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, bordering Russia and the North Korea, ____36____ (cover) an area of 14,100 square kilometers. It is the major habitat of the country’s Siberian tigers and Amur leopards and is ____37____ model for cross-border wildlife conservation. Located in the central zone of the mixed coniferous (针叶的) and broad-leaved forest ecosystems in the temperate (温带的) zone of Asia, the park possesses splendid and attractive scenery ____38____ different seasons. In addition, there are plentiful plant species well ____39____ (preserve) in the park, including thousands of medical plants, eatable wild herbs, wild fruit trees and bushes. Some of them are ____40____ (endanger) plant species and under state protection. The park is a perfect place for the reproduction and ____41____ (survive) of birds. Every spring, various forest birds start returning from the south to prepare ____42____ (lay)eggs. The rich soil of the park also provides a favorable living environment for cold-blooded animals. At present, a community of flesh-eating animals and a community of plant-eating animals make up a complete food chain in the national park, ____43____ is extremely rare to see in China. The national park will ____44____ (effective) protect Siberian tigers and Amur leopards, _____45_____ (help) them continue to reproduce and live in harmony with nature. 四、书信写作 46. 假定你是李华，是伦敦孔子学院的一名助教。按照学院安排，你近期要开设一门线上课程，介绍中国唐诗宋词。请你写一封电子邮件，邀请你的学生们报名参加。 内容包括： 1. 课程安排； 2. 报名方式； 3. 希望学生们都参加。 注意：词数80左右。 参考词汇：唐诗宋词（poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。续 写的词数应为150左右。 Cold December wind passed right through my worn coat. I might have wished to be at home, but those days it wasn’t much warmer there than it was standing at the bus stop. Mama had written a letter to the electric company explaining that we were late paying our bill because my sister was ill and Daddy had been laid off, but the power was cut off anyway. That’s why we were on our way into town to pay the bill in person. I sat close to Buddy Earl for warmth on the bus when it finally showed up. The walk to the electric company office from the bus stop was only a couple of blocks, but it was a relief to get inside. After settling the bill Mama brought us over to Rich’s department store. There was Santa in a big wooden chair. “You two go talk to him,” she said. “Just don’t expect to get all you ask for.” Buddy Earl and I joined the line of children waiting, and Mama sat on a bench nearby. Then Santa started talking with us and asked us what we wanted. Santa reached in his pocket, pulled out a notepad and scribbled something with a pencil. “Is your mother with you two?” he asked. I pointed to the bench. “That’s our mama over there. She’s waiting for us to finish.” Santa lifted Buddy Earl off his knee. “Could you ask her to come and talk to me?” he said. Later, Mama and Santa talked for a few minutes. Santa took a couple more notes. Then Mama brought us home. We didn’t dare ask about their private conversation. Christmas morning Mama and Daddy gathered us around our tree to give thanks for all we had. There were no toys from Santa under the tree. No presents at all, really. But that was okay, especially since we had electricity again. I felt pretty good as I took my seat at the kitchen table. Paragraph 1: Suddenly, there was a knock at the door. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2: Mama and Daddy looked at each other, and she unpacked the food from the box. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：CABAC ABACB BACAB CABCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 银滩高中10月月考试题 一、阅读理解 A Marvelous Scenic Walks Near London There are plenty of walking routes in London. If you fancy something a bit more rural, then the green and pleasant land has plenty to offer. Goring Gap and the Thames Path If you’re in the mood for a gentle rural walk, the Thames Path is far from boring. The 5-mile footpath follows the curve of the river, winding past wildflower meadows (草地). Post-walk pub: Pangbourne’s seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes. Bag a table on the riverside or keep toasty by one of its open fires. Box Hill To admire this spots rural views, first you’ve got to jump across 17 stepping stones and climb 272 steps to the top of Box Hill, where the path begins. The total distance is 6.8 miles. Post-walk pub: The cavernous Tree on Box Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden, or sample a glass of Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie. A South Downs Ridge (山脊) If you’ve already done the classic Seven Sisters clifftop walk or can’t face all those hills, this is a long but lovely alternative. The route covering 14.3 miles snakes along a ridge and a river valley. Post-walk pub: There are always 10 real beers at the old-school pub The Wellington Chess Valley in the Chilterns Chess Valley in the Chiltern Hills isn’t home to any chess masters, but it used to produce a kind of water plant. This walk of 4.9 miles follows the river, winding through rolling meadows and woods. Post-walk pub: The George & Dragon is a simple old coaching pub on the High Street with a log fire, real beers and giant burgers. 1. Which of the following walks covers the shortest distance? A. Box Hill. B. A South Downs Ridge. C. Chess Valley in the Chilterns. D. Goring Gap and the Thames Path. 2. What do the listed scenic walks in the text have in common? A. The pubs are pretty and old-fashioned. B. Visitors can relax at special pubs after walks. C. There are rivers winding through the meadows. D. The food served there is expensive and of high quality. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A geography book. B. A travel brochure. C. A fashion website. D. A science magazine. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个步行旅游的方案，包括路线、距离和休息地等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。通过阅读文章可知，“Goring Gap and the Thames Path”中“The 5-mile footpath follows the curve of the river, winding past wildflower meadows.(这条5英里长的步道沿着河流的曲线蜿蜒经过野花草地)”的距离是5英里，“Box Hill”中 “The total distance is 6.8 miles.(总距离为6.8英里)”是6.8英里，“A South Downs ridge”中“The route covering 14.3 miles snakes along a ridge and a river valley.(这条路线全长14.3英里，蜿蜒于山脊和河谷之间)”是14.3英里，“Chess Valley in the Chilterns”中“This walk of 4.9 miles follows the river…(这条4.9英里的路沿着河走……)”是4.9英里，因此距离最短的是“Chess Valley in the Chilterns”。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，每一个步行旅游点都有提及“Post-walk pub(步行后酒吧推荐)”，因此可以看出每个步行道之后都有小酒馆，且根据描述“Post-walk pub: Pangbourne’s seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes. Bag a table on the riverside or keep toasty by one of its open fires.( 步行后的酒吧：庞伯恩17世纪的酒吧The Swan供应高档菜肴。在河边收拾一张桌子，或者在篝火旁烤一烤)”，“Post-walk pub: The cavernous Tree on Box Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden, or sample a glass of Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie.(步行后的酒吧：盒子山上洞穴般的树有一个吸引人的菜单和巨大的啤酒花园，或在Denbies Winerie品尝一杯杜松山)”，“Post-walk pub: There are always 10 real beers at the old-school pub The Wellington.(散步后的酒吧：在老派的惠灵顿酒吧总有10种真正的啤酒)”，以及“Post-walk pub: The George & Dragon is a simple old coaching pub on the High Street with a log fire, real beers and giant burgers.(散步后的酒吧：乔治和龙是高街上一家简单的老教练酒吧，有篝火、真正的啤酒和巨大的汉堡)”可知， 17世纪的风格的、吸引人的菜单、十种啤酒、老式驿站，都是有特色的小酒馆，由此可推知，它们的共同点在于游客可以在散步后到有特色的酒吧放松。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，文章首段“There are plenty of walking routes in London. If you fancy something a bit more rural, then the green and pleasant land has plenty to offer.(伦敦有很多步行路线。如果你喜欢一些更乡村的东西，那么绿色和宜人的土地有很多东西可以提供)”揭示了文章话题，即步行旅游方案的话题，可以推论出这篇文章可能会出自旅游宣传册。故选B项。 B One year before, at age 18, Leszyeski had aged out of foster care (寄养中心), having been in the system since she was four when her single mother was no longer able to care for her. Leszyeski was now enrolled in college hoping to become a doctor. And the only furniture she had in her apartment was an air mattress with a hole in it. Then she learned about an organization Chairity. The organization provides furniture and household goods for young adults who have left foster care. Leszyeski reached out to Charity, a nonprofit formed by 23-year-old Maria Paparella. Paparella first became aware of foster care in elementary school when her parents were considering adopting a child. The plan didn't work out, but Paparella often found herself thinking about that child. “I'm really close with my family, and I just couldn't imagine being completely on my own at 18,” she says. At 16, Paparella visited Summit County Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to understand what aging out looked like. One of her questions was “What's not being met for these young people?” Near the top of the list was furniture. “That struck home,” says Paparella. The idea of “moving into an apartment without a bed to sleep on or a sofa to sit on” pulled at her heartstrings. Paparella contacted her parents' friends, asking if they had spare furniture to donate. A local furniture store offered free ware-house space and its delivery truck. Watching the recipients' faces when they received a bed, a couch — whatever — was amazing. Paparella remembers delivering a gold lamp to a woman and watching her polish it lovingly, getting rid of dirt and fingerprints. Today, Chairity has given furniture to nearly 200 young adults in homes across six Ohio counties. Paparella is convinced these contributions give the recipients hope and confidence. Leszyeski agrees.“It makes me feel like I'm not different from other people. My whole life, I've felt abnormal,”she says,“Now, I feel normal.” 4. Which can best describe Leszyeski's life after leaving foster care? A. Tough but hopeful. B. Poor and aimless. C. Wealthy but boring. D. Independent and carefree. 5. Why did Paparella found Chairity? A. To get some financial benefits from it. B. To help those aging out of foster care. C. To aid the needy couple adopt a child. D. To ask people to donate some couches. 6. When was Paparella most touched at the age of 16? A. Living without parents. B. Moving into a new house. C. Getting free truck delivery. D. Visiting a foster care center. 7. What does Leszyeski think of Chairity? A. It changes young adults' whole life. B. It brings confidence to the recipients. C. It has helped lots of homeless people. D. It makes people different from others. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述的是女孩 Leszyeski收到来自由一名23岁女孩Maria Paparella创建的慈善组织Chairity帮助的故事。通过该非营利性机构通过帮助一些生活在寄养中心的孩子们，让他们找到了人生的希望和自信。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“And the only furniture she had in her apartment was an air mattress with a hole in it.”(她公寓里唯一的家具就是一个有洞的充气床垫。)可知，家里唯一的家具也是破损的，可知生活过的尤其艰难。同时根据后文的“Then she learned about an organization Charity. The organization provides furniture and household goods for young adults who have left foster care.”(然后她了解到一个组织Charity。该组织为离开寄养家庭的年轻人提供家具和家庭用品。)可知，尽管她生活困苦，但是得知有一个慈善组织能为他们这样的年轻人提供家具和家庭用品，所以是充满希望的。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The organization provides furniture and household goods for young adults who have left foster care. ”(该组织为离开寄养家庭的年轻人提供家具和家庭用品。)可知，该组织是是帮助那些离开寄养家庭的成年人。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“At 16, Paparella visited Summit County Children Services, with a list of questions, trying to understand what aging out looked like”(16岁时，帕帕雷拉带着一系列问题来到顶峰县儿童服务中心，试图了解衰老是什么样子的)，以及“pulled at her heartstrings.”(牵动着她的心弦)可知，16岁时最让她感动的是：参观寄养中心。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Paparella is convinced these contributions give the recipients hope and confidence. Leszyeski agrees.”(帕帕雷拉相信，这些捐赠给了接受者希望和信心。Leszyeski表示同意。)以及“It makes me feel like I'm not different from other people. My whole life, I've felt abnormal, Now, I feel normal.”(这让我觉得我和其他人没有什么不同。我之前觉得不正常的生活，现在已经感觉正常了。)可知， Leszyeski 认为这个组织给她带来了信心和希望。故选B。 C Like the rest of us, scientists have long suspected the healing capacity (修复能力) of a good hug. Unlike the rest of us, they’ve gone about trying to prove it. “Laboratory studies suggest that things like hugs help us feel safer. They can also make us less sensitive to physical pain and less reactive when we’re faced with threatening experiences,” says Michael Murphy. He is a research professor in the department of psychological sciences at Texas Tech University. “This lab work has shown that hugs and other touch behavior are related to stress. The more stress we have, the more our heart rates and blood pressure go up. At this time, hugs and other forms of personal touch may give off all sorts of feel-good chemicals, so that stress can be reduced.” “There’s a lot that we still need to learn, and there’s a lot we don’t know,” Murphy says. “However, what seems to be rising up is that hugs, as well as other forms of loving and gentle touch, are really powerful. They remind people that they’ re cared about and that they have someone in their corner.” We expect touch. When we were born, we were placed in our mothers’ arms almost immediately. In that first year of our life, we spend a lot of time being held by other people. And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection. I think what we have lost in the past few years are these really easy opportunities to be reminded of connection.” While he was at Carnegie Mellon, Murphy was the lead author of a hug-centered 2018 article in the scientific journal PLOS One. In a series of interviews with 404 adults over a two-week period, the researchers found that receiving a hug is associated with the attenuation of negative emotions that occur on days with interpersonal conflicts. That is to say, generally, hugs help to reduce the negative impacts that personal conflicts may cause in our daily lives. 8. What can we infer about hugs from the laboratory studies? A. They show people’s good social relationships. B. They can cure us of our mental disease. C. They can put much pressure on people. D They make us feel calm and at ease. 9. Why do people seek out hugs and touch as they grow up? A To recall childhood memories. B. To keep connected with others. C. To solve relationship problems. D. To express their social politeness. 10. What does the underlined word “attenuation” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Expression. B. Influence. C. Suffering. D. Reduction. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Power of Hugs B. How to Reduce Stress C. How to Care for Others D. The Importance of Interpersonal Relations 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文，科学家研究发现一个好的拥抱拥有治愈能力。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Laboratory studies suggest that things like hugs help us feel safer. They can also make us less sensitive to physical pain and less reactive when we’re faced with threatening experiences” 实验室研究表明，像拥抱这样的事情能让我们感到更安全。它们还能让我们对身体疼痛不那么敏感，当我们面对威胁的经历时，反应更少。可知根据实验室的研究，拥抱使我们感到平静和自在。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“And as we grow up, we seek out hugs and touch as a way of connection.” 当我们长大了，我们寻求拥抱和触摸作为一种联系的方式。可知，人们长大的时候寻求拥抱和触摸是为了和他人保持联系。故选B项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线部分后一句“That is to say, generally, hugs help to reduce the negative impacts that personal conflicts may cause in our daily lives.” 也就是说，一般来说，拥抱有助于减少个人冲突在我们日常生活中可能造成的负面影响。后一句的negative impacts对应前一句的negative emotions，所以划线部分对应单词reduce，意思为“减少”。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Like the rest of us, scientists have long suspected the healing capacity (修复能力) of a good hug. Unlike the rest of us, they’ve gone about trying to prove it.” 和我们其他人一样，科学家们长期以来一直怀疑一个好的拥抱的治愈能力。不像我们其他人，他们试图证明这一点。第一段提出科学家们一直坚信拥抱的治愈力，后文一直在说拥抱如何治愈人们，所以本文的主旨是“拥抱的力量”，故选A项。 D Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond. The researchers at Nanjing University showed that the lunar sample brought back by China’s Chang’e-5 contains active compounds (化合物) that can change carbon dioxide into oxygen and fuel. Initially, they hoped to design a system that took advantage of lunar soil and solar radiation, the two rich resources on the moon, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal Joule. After analyzing the Chang’e-5’s lunar soil, the team found the sample contained metal- rich substances, which could work as a catalyst (催化剂) to make oxygen using sunlight and carbon dioxide. The team proposed a strategy using lunar soil to electrolyze water from the moon and the astronauts’ life support system into oxygen and hydrogen. The process was powered by sunlight. The carbon dioxide breathed out by moon inhabitants can be collected and combined with hydrogen to produce the fuel, also catalyzed by the lunar soil, according to the study. The researchers said with this method, no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base. “We use the environmental resources to minimize rocket payload, and our strategy provides a scenario for a sustainable and affordable living environment for life out of the Earth,” said the paper’s first author Yao Yingfang from Nanjing University, expressing his assumption. “The challenge lies in the fact that catalytic efficiency of lunar soil is lower than catalysts on the Earth,” said the researchers. They are testing different approaches in order to improve the design. The team is looking for an opportunity to test the system in space with China’s future manned lunar missions. 12. What is the main implication of Chinese scientists’ discovery of the moon’s soil? A. The moon is rich in rare elements. B. Lunar soil can be used for exploring space. C. The moon can be lived on by humans. D. Lunar soil is a new renewable energy source. 13. What did the researchers work on according to paragraph 3? A. The process of the sun producing light. B The analysis of China’s Chang’e-5’s work. C. The supportive method producing metal-rich substances. D. The sustainable living strategy employing lunar resources. 14. What does the underlined word “scenario” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Contract. B. Profession. C. Possibility. D. Sponsor. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. The discovery of active compounds on the moon. B. The testing approaches to improving the lunar soil. C. The research on the environmental system of the moon. D. The study of using lunar soil for oxygen and fuel production. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国科学家发现月球土壤可能具有生成氧气和燃料的潜力，这一发现意味着人类可以利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其它星球。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond.(中国材料科学家发现，月球上的土壤可能能够产生氧气和燃料，这一发现意味着人类利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他地方的可能性更大。)”可知，中国科学家发现月球土壤能够产生氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤进一步探索太空。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The team proposed a strategy using lunar soil to electrolyze water from the moon and the astronauts’ life support system into oxygen and hydrogen. The process was powered by sunlight. The carbon dioxide breathed out by moon inhabitants can be collected and combined with hydrogen to produce the fuel, also catalyzed by the lunar soil, according to the study.(该团队提出了一种策略，利用月球土壤将月球和宇航员生命维持系统中的水电解成氧气和氢气。这个过程是由阳光驱动的。根据这项研究，月球居民呼出的二氧化碳可以被收集起来，并与氢结合来生产燃料，也可以由月球土壤催化。) ”可知，研究人员利用月球资源进行可持续生存策略的研究。故选D。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段的“The researchers said with this method, no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base. (研究人员表示，通过这种方法，除了阳光之外，不需要任何外部能量被用来产生氧气和燃料，以支持月球基地的生命。)”可知，目前人类在月球上不能像在地球上一样生存，再由第四段的“for a sustainable and affordable living environment for life out of the Earth(为地球以外的生命提供一个可持续的、负担得起的生活环境)”可知，通过对月球土壤资源的研究利用，人类有望在月球上得以生存，因此划线词意为“愿景，构想”，和C项：Possibility(发展前景，潜能)含义相近。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond.(中国材料科学家发现，月球上的土壤可能能够产生氧气和燃料，这一发现意味着人类利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他地方的可能性更大。)”和第二段的“The researchers at Nanjing University showed that the lunar sample brought back by China’s Chang’e- 5 contains active compounds (化合物) that can change carbon dioxide into oxygen and fuel. Initially, they hoped to design a system that took advantage of lunar soil and solar radiation, the two rich resources on the moon, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal Joule.(南京大学的研究人员表明，中国嫦娥五号带回的月球样本含有活性化合物，可以将二氧化碳转化为氧气和燃料。根据周四发表在《焦耳》杂志上的一项研究，最初，他们希望设计一个利用月球土壤和太阳辐射的系统，这是月球上两种丰富的资源。)”可知，这篇文章讲述了中国科学家发现月球土壤可以用于生产氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤进一步探索太空。故选D。 七选五 Helping the environment and protecting our resources are very important activities. ____16____ There are several ways that you can help protect this planet we call home. Use reusable bags. Plastic bags that get thrown out end up in landfills or in other parts of the environment. ____17____ Also, it takes decades for the bags to decompose (分解). Therefore, whether you are shopping for food, clothes or books, use a reusable bag. This cuts down on litter and prevents animals from getting hold of them. Use reusable drink containers. Instead of buying individually packaged drinks, consider buying a reusable water bottle. ____18____ A lot of coffee shops, Starbucks, for example, even offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks. Save electricity. Use energy-efficient light bulbs (灯泡) instead of regular bulbs. They last longer, which will save you a bit of money. What’s more, make sure you turn off lights, the TV, and other devices when you are not using them. Turn off your air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary. ____19____ Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter. Save water. More water is wasted than we realize. Turn off the water tap when you are brushing your teeth. Don’t turn your shower on until you’re ready to get in and wash your hair. Limit your water usage as you wash dishes. ____20____ A. This is especially true as the seasons change. B. And students without doubt can make a difference. C. They last longer, which will save you a bit of money. D. Everyone should take measures to fight against the water pollution. E. These can kill animals who get stuck in them or mistake them for food. F. Not only will this help protect the environment, but help you save money. G. Developing these habits will be good for both the environment and your wallet. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种如何帮助环境和保护我们的资源的方法和建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Helping the environment and protecting our resources are very important activities.”（帮助环境和保护我们的资源是非常重要的活动。）可知，此处应该是讲谁来保护环境和资源，结合选项B项And students without doubt can make a difference.（毫无疑问，学生可以发挥作用。）符合语境，并且下文提出了一些保护环境和资源的方法，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Also, it takes decades for the bags to decompose (分解). Therefore, whether you are shopping for food, clothes or books, use a reusable bag. This cuts down on litter and prevents animals from getting hold of them.”（而且，塑料袋需要几十年的时间才能分解。因此，无论你是购买食物、衣服还是书籍，都要使用可重复使用的袋子。这样可以减少垃圾，防止动物抓住它们。）可推断此处也在说使用塑料袋的坏处，结合选项E项These can kill animals who get stuck in them or mistake them for food.（它们可以杀死被困在里面的动物，或者把它们误认为食物。）符合题意，该句中的These指的就是上文的Plastic bags，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Instead of buying individually packaged drinks, consider buying a reusable water bottle.”（与其购买单独包装的饮料，不如考虑购买可重复使用的水瓶。）提到购买可重复使用的水瓶，以及下文“A lot of coffee shops, Starbucks, for example, even offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks.”（许多咖啡店，例如星巴克，甚至为使用可重复使用的容器装饮料的顾客提供折扣。）说明使用可重复使用的容器的优点。结合选项F项Not only will this help protect the environment, but help you save money.（这不仅有助于保护环境，还能帮你省钱。）可知，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Turn off your air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.”（不需要的时候关掉空调或暖气。）提到关掉空调或暖气可以节约用电，以及下文“Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter.”（在初秋打开窗户或在初冬多穿些衣服。）提到季节变化时可以做的节约用电的方式。结合选项A项This is especially true as the seasons change.（随着季节的变化，这一点尤其正确。）可知，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选A项。 【20题详解】 由设空处为段尾句可知，为总结上文内容或与上文内容相关。根据上文“More water is wasted than we realize. Turn off the water tap when you are brushing your teeth. Don’t turn your shower on until you’re ready to get in and wash your hair. Limit your water usage as you wash dishes.”（被浪费的水比我们意识到的要多。刷牙的时候把水龙头关掉。在你准备好进屋洗头之前，不要打开淋浴器。当你洗碗的时候，限制你的用水量。）可知，本段主要讲的都是关于怎样节约用水的，结合选项G项Developing these habits will be good for both the environment and your wallet.（养成这些习惯对环境和你的钱包都有好处。）是对上文的内容总结，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选G项。 二、完形填空 I was picking through coat pockets and madly shaking all my old purses and wallets. I was looking for pennies, quarters—anything that would help me ____21____ it to the end of the week. It sure was feeling ____22____. A hopeless girl in her twenties, I was a ____23____ parent, with a one-year-old son and a five-year-old daughter. Life consisted of ups and downs. I’ll never forget the ____24____ of finding one penny during my hunt, then two, then fifteen, and then twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six. Every time I ____25____ one, I felt excited. ____26____ now, I see that it was somewhat ironic (讽刺的) ____27____ I had looked down on pennies at one point in my life. I sat in my bedroom that night and sorted all the ____28____ from my hour-long quest. I smiled and made ____29____ with my daughter while we packed our pennies. Her brother joyfully bounced up and down in his bouncer. They had no _____30_____ how many nights I would _____31_____ with my face buried in the pillows, _____32_____ how I would keep a roof over their heads, lights on in the house, and food on the table. I remember those days like they were yesterday, but I don’t remember them with _____33_____. I remember them intentionally because I promised myself that if I were ever to escape the _____34_____ of poverty, I would never forget the _____35_____ of a penny. I’ve kept that promise, too. 21. A. make B. adopt C. spot D. give 22. A. bored B. nervous C. heavy D. hurried 23. A. hard B. curious C. alive D. single 24. A. plan B. joy C. mind D. course 25. A. found B. made C. lent D. gave 26. A. Looking back B. Coming along C. Getting down D. Wondering around 27. A. yet B. because C. so D. and 28. A. paper B. day C. change D. time 29. A. hands B. ways C. body D. jokes 30. A. chance B. idea C. sight D. reach 31. A. expect B. drop C. cry D. show 32. A. wondering B. changing C. deciding D. keeping 33. A. excitement B. recovery C. sadness D. injury 34. A. comments B. choices C. pains D. decisions 35. A. dream B. upset C. challenge D. value 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在贫困潦倒的情况下，在家里寻找零钱，帮助作者渡过难过的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在找便士，二角五分的硬币——任何能让我撑到周末的东西。A. make使成功；B. adopt采纳，收养；C. spot发现；D. give给。根据上文“I was picking through coat pockets and madly shaking all my old purses and wallets.”可知，作者在口袋里翻来翻去，翻找旧钱包，是为了能够成功坚持撑到周末的开支。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这的确感觉很沉重。A. bored无聊的；B. nervous紧张的；C. heavy沉重的；D. hurried匆忙的。根据上下文语境以及下文“A hopeless girl in her twenties,”由此可推知，此处应表示这种状态这的确让作者感觉很沉重。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个二十多岁的绝望女孩，单亲妈妈，有一个一岁的儿子和一个五岁的女儿。A. hard困难的；B. curious好奇的；C. alive活着的；D. single单个的，单一的。根据上文提到的作者生活压力很大，以及下文“parent, with a one-year-old son and a five-year-old daughter.”，由此可推知，此处应表示作者是一个单亲妈妈，有一个一岁的儿子和一个五岁的女儿。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记在寻找过程中找到一便士的快乐，然后是两便士，十五便士，然后是二十四、二十五、二十六便士。A. plan计划；B. joy快乐；C. mind心智；D. course课程。根据上文提到的作者疯狂地找零钱为了支付开支，以及下文“finding one penny during my hunt, then two, then fifteen, and then twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six.”由此可推知，此处应表示作者永远不会忘记在寻找过程中找到一便士的快乐。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我找到一个，我都很兴奋。A. found发现；B. made做；C. lent借出；D. gave给。根据上文一直在讲作者在找零钱，以及下文“I felt excited.”由此可知，此处应表示作者每找到一个便士，都感到很兴奋。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在回想起来，我觉得这有点讽刺，因为在我的生命中，我曾经一度看不起一分钱。A. Looking back回想起；B. Coming along一起来；C. Getting down下来，降低；D. Wondering around四处闲逛。根据上下文语境以及下文“I see that it was somewhat ironic (讽刺的) ____7____ I had looked down on pennies at one point in my life.”提到过去的事情，由此可知，此处应表示作者现在回想起过去的事情。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：现在回想起来，我觉得这有点讽刺，因为在我的生命中，我曾经一度看不起一分钱。A. yet然而； B. because因为；C. so所以；D. and和，以及。根据上文“I see that it was somewhat ironic”我觉得这有点讽刺，以及下文“I had looked down on pennies at one point in my life.”在我的生命中，我曾经一度看不起一分钱。由此可知，上下文形成因果关系，所以此处为连词because表示“因为”连接。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我坐在自己的卧室里，整理了我一小时寻找的所有零钱。A. paper纸； B. day日子，天；C. change零钱；D. time时间。根据上文讲述的作者一直在找零钱，以及该句中的“sorted”由此可知，此处应表示作者整理了一小时寻找的所有零钱。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我微笑着，一边和女儿开玩笑，一边收拾我们的硬币。A. hands手；B. ways方式；C. body身体；D. jokes玩笑。根据句意以及上文“I smiled”结合各个选项意思可知，此处应表示作者一边和女儿开玩笑，一边收拾他们的硬币。made jokes with“和某人开玩笑”。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不知道有多少个夜晚，我把脸埋在枕头里哭泣，不知道我如何让他们有地方住，房子里有灯，桌子上有饭吃。A. chance机会；B. idea想法；C. sight视线；D. reach到达。根据下文“how many nights…”以及“how I would…”提出的问题，由此可知，此处应表示孩子们不知道作者内心深处的难处。have no idea“不知道”。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不知道有多少个夜晚，我把脸埋在枕头里哭泣，不知道我如何让他们有地方住，房子里有灯，桌子上有饭吃。A. expect期望；B. drop下降；C. cry哭泣；D. show展示。根据句意以及下文“with my face buried in the pillows”把脸埋在枕头里，由此可知，作者偷偷地把脸埋在枕头里哭泣。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不知道有多少个夜晚，我把脸埋在枕头里哭泣，不知道我如何让他们有地方住，房子里有灯，桌子上有饭吃。A. wondering感到疑惑；不知道；B. changing改变；C. deciding决定；D. keeping保持。根据上文提到的孩子们不知道作者偷偷地哭泣，以及下文“how I would keep a roof over their heads, lights on in the house, and food on the table.”由此可知，此处应表示孩子们不知道作者如何让他们有地方住，房子里有灯，桌子上有饭吃。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得那些日子就像昨天一样，但我并没有带着悲伤去回忆。A. excitement兴奋；B. recovery恢复；C. sadness悲伤；D. injury伤害。根据上文“I remember those days like they were yesterday”作者记得那些日子就像昨天一样，以及该句中的but转折可知，此处应表示作者并没有带着悲伤去回忆那些生活艰难的日子。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有意记住它们，因为我向自己保证，如果我能摆脱贫穷的痛苦，我永远不会忘记一便士的价值。A. comments评价；B. choices选择； C. pains痛苦；D. decisions决定。根据句意以及该句中的“…of poverty”由此可知，此处应表示作者脱贫穷的痛苦。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有意记住它们，因为我向自己保证，如果我能摆脱贫穷的痛苦，我永远不会忘记一便士的价值。A. dream梦想；B. upset烦恼，失望；C. challenge挑战；D. value价值。根据上文“I remember them intentionally”作者有意记住那些生活困难的日子，以及“I would never forget…”由此可推知，此处应表示作者永远不会忘记一便士的价值。故选D项。 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park, bordering Russia and the North Korea, ____36____ (cover) an area of 14,100 square kilometers. It is the major habitat of the country’s Siberian tigers and Amur leopards and is ____37____ model for cross-border wildlife conservation. Located in the central zone of the mixed coniferous (针叶的) and broad-leaved forest ecosystems in the temperate (温带的) zone of Asia, the park possesses splendid and attractive scenery ____38____ different seasons. In addition, there are plentiful plant species well ____39____ (preserve) in the park, including thousands of medical plants, eatable wild herbs, wild fruit trees and bushes. Some of them are ____40____ (endanger) plant species and under state protection. The park is a perfect place for the reproduction and ____41____ (survive) of birds. Every spring, various forest birds start returning from the south to prepare ____42____ (lay)eggs. The rich soil of the park also provides a favorable living environment for cold-blooded animals. At present, a community of flesh-eating animals and a community of plant-eating animals make up a complete food chain in the national park, ____43____ is extremely rare to see in China. The national park will ____44____ (effective) protect Siberian tigers and Amur leopards, _____45_____ (help) them continue to reproduce and live in harmony with nature. 【答案】36. covers 37 a 38. in 39. preserved 40. endangered 41. survival 42. to lay 43. which 44. effectively 45. helping 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了东北虎豹国家公园，它是中国西伯利亚虎和野生东北豹的主要栖息地，是跨境野生动物保护的典范。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国东北虎豹国家公园与俄罗斯和朝鲜接壤，占地1.41万平方公里。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，该句为陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，主语The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park为第三人称单数，所以为动词三单形式。故填covers。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这里是西伯利亚虎和黑龙江豹的主要栖息地，也是跨境野生动物保护的典范。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指“一个模范”，model为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：该公园位于亚洲温带针叶林和阔叶林混合生态系统的中心地带，在不同的季节都有美丽迷人的景色。由空后seasons为季节可知，此处应为介词in+季节，此处为in different seasons“在不同的季节”，满足句意要求。故填in。 【39题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：此外，公园内保存完好的植物种类丰富，包括数千种药用植物、可食用的野生草药、野生果树和灌木。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰plant species，plant species和preserve为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填preserved。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有些是国家重点保护的濒危植物。由空后plant species为名词短语可知，此处为形容词endangered“濒危的”作定语修饰该名词短语。故填endangered。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：这个公园是鸟类繁殖和生存的理想场所。由and连接的reproduction为名词可知，此处也应为名词形式。故填survival。 【42题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：每年春天，各种各样的森林鸟类开始从南方返回，准备产卵。分析句子可，此处为动词短语prepare to do“准备做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to lay。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：目前，在国家公园内，一个食肉动物群落和一个食草动物群落组成了一个完整的食物链，这在中国是极为罕见的。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分。故填which。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：该国家公园将有效保护东北虎和远东豹，帮助它们继续繁殖，与自然和谐相处。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词effectively作状语修饰动词protect。故填effectively。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该国家公园将有效保护东北虎和远东豹，帮助它们继续繁殖，与自然和谐相处。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，help和逻辑主语The national park为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填helping。 四、书信写作 46. 假定你是李华，是伦敦孔子学院的一名助教。按照学院安排，你近期要开设一门线上课程，介绍中国唐诗宋词。请你写一封电子邮件，邀请你的学生们报名参加。 内容包括： 1. 课程安排； 2. 报名方式； 3. 希望学生们都参加。 注意：词数80左右。 参考词汇：唐诗宋词（poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear students, As is scheduled by London Confucius Institute, I will launch an online course concerning poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties. So I’m writing to invite you to sign up for it. The course is arranged to start from August 1st, which will last one month with one lecture each day from 9:00 am to 10:30 am. Centering on the culture, the course shall introduce in detail the Classic poetry, the well - known poets and the history of Tang and Song poetry. If interested, please sign up online at the institute website before July 20. Hope you all can participate. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按照学院安排，近期要开设一门线上课程，介绍中国唐诗宋词这一情况，写一封电子邮件，邀请你的学生们报名参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 计划，安排：scheduled→ arranged 以……为中心：center on→ focus on 参加：participate→ attend/take part 著名的：well - known→ famous 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：As is scheduled by London Confucius Institute, I will launch an online course concerning poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties. So I’m writing to invite you to sign up for it. 合并句：Because I will launch an online course concerning poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties which is scheduled by London Confucius Institute, I’m writing to invite you to sign up for it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The course is arranged to start from August 1st, which will last one month with one lecture each day from 9:00 am to 10:30 am.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Centering on the culture, the course shall introduce in detail the Classic poetry, the well - known poets and the history of Tang and Song poetry.（运用了现在分词作状语） 五、书面表达 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。续 写的词数应为150左右。 Cold December wind passed right through my worn coat. I might have wished to be at home, but those days it wasn’t much warmer there than it was standing at the bus stop. Mama had written a letter to the electric company explaining that we were late paying our bill because my sister was ill and Daddy had been laid off, but the power was cut off anyway. That’s why we were on our way into town to pay the bill in person. I sat close to Buddy Earl for warmth on the bus when it finally showed up. The walk to the electric company office from the bus stop was only a couple of blocks, but it was a relief to get inside. After settling the bill Mama brought us over to Rich’s department store. There was Santa in a big wooden chair. “You two go talk to him,” she said. “Just don’t expect to get all you ask for.” Buddy Earl and I joined the line of children waiting, and Mama sat on a bench nearby. Then Santa started talking with us and asked us what we wanted. Santa reached in his pocket, pulled out a notepad and scribbled something with a pencil. “Is your mother with you two?” he asked. I pointed to the bench. “That’s our mama over there. She’s waiting for us to finish.” Santa lifted Buddy Earl off his knee. “Could you ask her to come and talk to me?” he said. Later, Mama and Santa talked for a few minutes. Santa took a couple more notes. Then Mama brought us home. We didn’t dare ask about their private conversation. Christmas morning Mama and Daddy gathered us around our tree to give thanks for all we had. There were no toys from Santa under the tree. No presents at all, really. But that was okay, especially since we had electricity again. I felt pretty good as I took my seat at the kitchen table. Paragraph 1: Suddenly, there was a knock at the door. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2: Mama and Daddy looked at each other, and she unpacked the food from the box. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Suddenly, there was a knock at the door. Daddy opened it to a man I’d never seen before. He was holding a big box. “this is for you and your family,” he said, “Merry Christmas!” The man was gone before Daddy even had a chance to invite him in. Daddy put the box on the table and opened it up. Inside was an envelope and a lot of food! Daddy read the letter from the envelope. “May you be happy!” Paragraph 2: Mama and Daddy looked at each other, and she unpacked the food from the box. The first thing was a big can of pork and beans. Buddy Earl’s eyes went wide. “An angel came to our door today,” Mama said as she pulled out a big box of Sugar Crisp. With gratitude, we had a happy Christmas. Not long after the festival, Daddy was called back to work. My sister recovered from her illness. I even received a new coat, which was thicker than my old one and kept me warm. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。 【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者家里不富裕，由于姐姐生病和爸爸被解雇交不起电费被停电。作者和妈妈亲自去交电费，在商场见到了圣诞老人，圣诞老人和作者交谈后又和妈妈交谈，还在本上记录了些东西。圣诞节早上我们聚在圣诞树下，没有玩具也没有礼物。 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：突然响起了敲门声，所以下文应该写谁来了，发生了什么事。是有人送来了一箱食物和一封信。第二段开头是：妈妈和爸爸对视了一下，她从盒子里打开了食物。本段应该写一家人看到了什么和节日后得到了哪些救济。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：had a chance , went wide , With gratitude, recovered from 等词语。Inside was an envelope and a lot of food!运用了倒装句；I even received a new coat, which was thicker than my old one and kept me warm.运用了定语从句。 听力答案：CABAC ABACB BACAB CABCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$