Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.（人与社会：社会服务与人际沟通，历史社会与文化）-【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年九年级全一册英语单元阅读深度指导（人教版）

Unit 8 It must belong to Carla. 人与社会：社会服务与人际沟通，历史社会与文化——和谐的家庭和社区生活，世界主要国家的文化景观。 目录 内容 板块一 话题经典小故事 板块二 话题时文阅读 板块三 话题题型训练 话题小故事1 ——秘鲁神秘的“沸水河” Mysterious boiling river in Peru There is a mysterious river running deep through the Amazon rainforest in Peru. The water temperatures along the river range from 50ºC to 90ºC, and in some parts they can almost reach the boiling point of 100ºC. For the rest of the world, however, this natural wonder used to be just a legend (传说). The river’s existence (存在) was officially confirmed (证实) in 2011 by a scientist named Andrés Ruzo. 秘鲁神秘的沸水河 秘鲁有一条神秘的河流深处流经亚马逊雨林。沿河的水温在 50ºC 到 90ºC 之间，在某些地方几乎可以达到 100ºC 的沸点。然而，对于世界其他地方来说，这个自然奇观曾经只是一个传说。这条河的存在于 2011 年由一位名叫 Andrés Ruzo 的科学家正式确认。 Ruzo heard lots of stories and legends about the strange river when he was young. His grandfather told him the river was discovered by Spanish persons hundreds of years ago, when they traveled deep into the rainforest in search of gold. 20 years after he’d heard this story, Ruzo’s aunt told him she had seen the river first-hand. Guided by her, the young scientist finally found the river himself, and confirmed that its waters do reach boiling temperatures.  Ruzo 小时候听说过很多关于这条奇怪的河流的故事和传说。他的祖父告诉他，这条河是几百年前西班牙人在深入热带雨林寻找黄金时发现的。在他听到这个故事 20 年后，Ruzo 的姑姑告诉他，她亲眼目睹了这条河。在她的指导下，这位年轻的科学家终于亲自找到了这条河，并确认它的水确实达到了沸腾的温度。 “Dipping my hand into the river would give me third-degree burns in less than half a second. Falling in could easily kill me,” he wrote in his book The Boiling River: Adventure and Discovery in the Amazon. Ruzo said, “What was amazing is that the locals had always known about this place, and that I was by no means the first outsider to see it. It is just a part of their everyday life. They cook with it, clean with it, even make their medicines with it.” But so far, no one has been able to explain the mystery of the boiling water. “It is a reminder that there are still great wonders to be discovered,” Ruzo said. “The biggest part of the Boiling River area remains wild and untamed (野性的) — and we hope to keep it this way.” “将我的手浸入河中会在不到半秒的时间内使我被三度烧伤。掉进去很容易要了我的命，“他在《沸腾的河流：亚马逊的冒险与发现》（The Boiling River： Adventure and Discovery in the Amazon）一书中写道。Ruzo 说：“令人惊奇的是，当地人一直都知道这个地方，而我绝不是第一个看到它的外人。这只是他们日常生活的一部分。他们用它做饭，用它清洁，甚至用它来做药。但到目前为止，还没有人能够解释沸水的奥秘。“这提醒我们，仍有伟大的奇迹有待发现，”Ruzo 说。“沸腾河地区的大部分仍然是未开掘的——我们希望保持这种状态。” 文章生词短语 · mysterious adj. 神秘的; 难以理解的 诡秘的 · rainforest n. (热带)雨林 · temperature n. 温度, 气温 高烧, 发烧, 发热 · range from…. to 范围从从……到…… · natural wonder 自然奇观 · used to be 过去常常… · legend n. 传奇；说明；图例；刻印文字 · existence n. 存在 生存, 生活(方式) · be officially confirmed 被官方确认 · in search of 寻找, 寻求 · dip my hand into the river 将我的手浸入河中 · less than 小于；低于；少于 · Adventure and Discovery in the Amazon 亚马逊的冒险与发现 · by no means 决不 · so far 迄今为止,到某个程度 · explain the mystery 解释谜团：揭开某个事件或现象的真相，使其不再神秘或难以理解。 · reminder n. 令人回忆起…的东西, 提醒…的东西 · untamed adj. 未驯服的,不能抑制的,难控驭的 话题小故事2 ——巨石阵 Stonehenge Each year, more than 1 million people travel from all over the world to southern England to see prehistoric Stonehenge. Little is known about who built the monument, how they achieved this wonder of engineering, or what purpose the stones served. Now, some archaeologists believe they've discovered the origin of the stones, providing new information on Stonehenge's mysterious past. 每年有超过 100 万人从世界各地前往英格兰南部参观史前巨石阵。关于谁建造了这座纪念碑，他们如何实现这一工程奇迹，或者这些石头的作用，我们知之甚少。现在，一些考古学家认为他们已经发现了这些石头的来源，为巨石阵的神秘过去提供了新的信息。 Prehistoric people built Stonehenge about 4,500 years ago. It is made up of a series of vertical stones with connecting horizontal stones on top. Only some of the stones still stand today. The most common theory about Stonehenge is that the arrangement of stones formed an astrological (占星学的) calendar. It was used to track the movement of the stars and predict eclipses (日食，月食). 史前人类在大约 4,500 年前建造了巨石阵。它由一系列垂直的石头组成，顶部有连接的水平石头。只有一些石头今天仍然屹立不倒。关于巨石阵最常见的理论是，石头的排列形成了占星学日历。它被用来追踪星星的运动和预测日食，月食。 Stonehenge is made of bluestone. Experts have long agreed that this type of rock wasn't quarried (采得) in southern England. A recent study shows that the stone originally came from 225 kilometers away in Wales. There, archaeologists found indentations (缺口) in cliff walls that perfectly match the sizes and shapes of stones located at Stonehenge. 巨石阵由青石制成。专家们早就同意，这种类型的岩石不是在英格兰南部开采的。最近的一项研究表明，这颗石头最初来自 225 公里外的威尔士。在那里，考古学家在悬崖壁上发现了与巨石阵石头的大小和形状完全匹配的凹痕。 The quarry's discovery has caused some controversy. Scientists used carbon dating to estimate the age of the remnants (遗迹) of a campfire at the Welsh quarry. The results may indicate that people excavated the stones as many as 500 years before Stonehenge was constructed at its current location. Some archaeologists have proposed that Stonehenge actually stood in Wales for many years before people moved it to England, challenging all previous theories of its origin. Mike Parker Pearson, the director of the project and a professor at University College London, said, “It's more likely that the stones were first used in a local monument, somewhere near the quarries, that was then taken apart and dragged off to Wiltshire.” 该采石场的发现引起了一些争议。科学家们使用碳测年法来估计威尔士采石场篝火遗迹的年龄。结果可能表明，在巨石阵在现在的位置建造之前 500 年，人们就已经挖掘了这些石头。一些考古学家提出，巨石阵实际上在人们将其迁移到英格兰之前在威尔士矗立了很多年，这挑战了以前所有关于其起源的理论。该项目的负责人、伦敦大学学院（University College London）教授迈克·帕克·皮尔森（Mike Parker Pearson）说，“更有可能的是，这些石头最初被用于采石场附近某个地方的当地纪念碑，然后被拆开并拖到威尔特郡。 The secrets of Stonehenge may one day be solved, but for now, the mystery remains part of its worldwide appeal. 巨石阵的秘密总有一天会被解开，但就目前而言，这个谜团仍然是其全球吸引力的一部分。 文章生词短语 · all over the world 全世界：指地球上的每个地方或每个国家。 · prehistoric adj. 史前的 · Little is known 知之甚少：对某事或某人了解甚少，缺乏详细的信息或知识。 · archaeologist n. 考古学家 · origin n. 起点；来源 出身，血统 · provide new information on 提供有关信息 · made up of 由…组成 · a series of 一系列, 一连串 · vertical adj. 垂直的，直立的；头顶的，顶点的 n. 垂直线，垂直面 · theory n. 理论；原理；学说；推测 · arrangement n. 安排; 解决办法 约定; 协议 布置好的东西 · be used to do 被用来… · track the movement of… 追踪…的运动：监视和记录人或物体的运动轨迹。 · expert adj. 熟练的；内行的；老练的n. 专家；能手；行家vt. 当专家；在中当行家 · indentation n. 凹进,缩格 凹口,缺口 · cliff n. 悬崖; 峭壁 · located at 位于 · cause some controversy 引起一些争议 · estimate vi. 估计，估价 n. 估计，估价；判断，看法 vt. 估计，估量；判断，评价 · indicate vt. 标示，指示，指出 象征；表明或暗示…的可能性 · excavate vt. 挖掘, 开凿 挖出, 发掘 · construct vt. 修建, 建立 构成, 组成 · current location 当前位置 · propose vt. & vi. 提议；建议；计划；求婚 · It's more likely that 更有可能的是 · monument n. 纪念碑；历史遗迹；不朽的作品 vt. 为…树碑 · take apart 拆开; 拆卸 · drag off 脱去; 撤走; 放干 · worldwide appeal 全球吸引力：指某个事物或人在全球范围内都具有吸引力或影响力。 时文阅读 01—人类抵达美洲时间再被提前 New research suggests humans lived in South America at the same time as giant ground sloths(巨型地懒），big animals that disappeared thousands of years ago. The findings show that people arrived in the Americas thousands of years earlier than once thought. Scientists looked at small pendants(吊坠) made of bones from the sloths. The pendants have round holes in them and look smooth. The team of researchers said the pendants show signs that humans made them.The scientists said that the material in which the pendants were found dates from 25 ,000 to 27 ,000 years ago. The pendants were found 30 years ago in caves in central Brazil. The new research is the first to carefully study them. The scientists ruled out the possibility that humans had found and made them thousands of years after the sloths died. Instead, they said the pendants were made within days or a few years after the sloths died. “We now have good evidence(证据) that we have to rethink our ideas about when humans moved to the Americas,”said Mirian Pacheco, a scientist in the new research.Some earlier theories(理论) had suggested the first people arrived in the Americas around 15, 000years ago. Other evidence from Mexico suggests humans may have appeared in the Americas around 26,000 years ago. Discoveries from Uruguay suggest humans were living there30.000 years ago. The evidence from more than one place means scientists have begun to think about their old ideas again. "Some early populations may have died out in the Americas.But it's very likely that many waves of people came to the Americas,"said Briana Pobiner, another scientist. 1. According to Paragraph 2,the small pendants_____. A.had square holes B. looked as if broken C. were made of bones D. were formed by nature 2.What does the underlined phrase“ruled out”probably mean in Chinese? A. 确定 B.排除 C. 发现 D.思考 3.According to the earlier theories, when did the first humans arrive in the Americas? A. Around 1,5000 years ago. B. Around 26.000 years ago. C. Around 27,000 years ago. D. Around 30,000 years ago. 4.Why does the writer write this passage? A. To share a short history of the world's early humans. B. To discuss how humans moved to the Americas. C. To introduce when the sloths disappeared in history. D. To show new findings about when humans arrived in the Americas. 时文阅读 02—世界上最遥远的定居点 In the middle of the South Atlantic Ocean, about 2,800 kilometers west of Cape Town,South Africa,there is a place.  1 It belongs to the UK. People call it one of the farthest settlements(定居点）in the world according to a list online this year. In fact it was first discovered by the Portuguese in 1506.But no people lived on the islands until the British took them in 1816. Today,about 250 people live in the islands' only settlement, Edinburgh of the Seven Seas.   2 Farming and fishing are the main industries,making it possible for the community to support itself. The islands are also home to 85% of the world's northern rockhopper penguins(跳岩企鹅).   3 There are no airports,hotels,restaurants or clubs,and the sea isn't safe for swimming.There's a supermarket,but products need to be ordered months ahead of time. Besides,it's quite difficult to get to. According to the official website,there are three ships making nine return trips from Cape Town every year.   4 Only the return costs the tourists about $550 to$1,000. Possibly the best thing about the main island is the loneliness it offers.   5 You can climb the mountaintop of the island's 2,062-meter volcano with a local guide,have a drink in the only pub(酒吧)，or play a game of golf on what Lonely Planet calls“probably the most rugged(不平的) golf course you'll ever see". A. And the cost of the journey is quite high. B. It is on the north coast of the main island. C. But there are also some activities visitors can enjoy. D. Today, Tristan da Cunha is a popular place of interest. E. Tristan da Cunha isn't like any other place you might visit. F. It is a group of volcanic islands with the name of Tristan da Cunha. 话题题型训练板块 Passage A Most of us have only one main personality that controls what we believe, how we speak, act, smile, laugh, and so on. Our personality helps make us different from everybody else, but there are some people who might have multiple(多种的), or many, personalities. Having multiple personalities is like having many different people living inside a single body. One personality might say and do things that the other personality would hate. Also, it seems that one personality can do things that the other personalities don't know anything about, because different personalities control the person at different times. According to some doctors, people with multiple personalities often don't know that they have many personalities. Sometimes these people can do strange things. One woman tried to kill herself. Then she was told she had 13 personalities, each with a name and each different from the others. They included Kid, a cute five-year-old girl; Cynthia, an angry woman; and Alice, the one who had wanted to kill herself. Where do psychologists think multiple personalities come from? One theory is that they come from bad childhood experiences. Many people who may have multiple personalities were badly hurt when they were children. Because of their experiences, these children may build new personalities in their own minds. Then they probably begin playing with these new people. But the new personalities may become so strong that the person can no longer control when the different personalities will appear. It is difficult to know how to help these people. If possible, they should try to bring back together the multiple personalities into a single personality again. But if that is impossible, then the next best thing they can do is to help the different personalities inside them live together in peace. 1．The underlined phrase"these people"in Paragraph 2 refers to people who____. A．have one main personality B．are different from others C．have more than one personality D．know about multiple personalities 2．Paragraph 3 mainly talks about the ____ of multiple personalities A．causes B．problems C．advice D．examples 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Different personalities often live in peace inside the people B．There are many useful methods to treat multiple personalities. C．People with many personalities know exactly about their situation. D．Bad childhood experiences may lead to multiple personalities. Passage B La Gomera is one of a few places in the world which has a whistled language. We do not know how and why it began because we do not know the complete history of the island. But we can certainly imagine the reasons for the beginning of the whistled language. There are many deep valleys on the island. A person on one side of a valley cannot easily shout to a person on the other side. But he can whistle and be heard. Some of the best whistlers can be heard from four miles away and the record is seven miles. The people who live on the island usually have good teeth, and this helps them to whistle well. They must also have good ears so that they can hear the other whistlers. We can understand why the whistled language continues. It is very useful on the island, and quite easy to learn. When somebody is hurt or ill, the whistled language takes the place of the telephone. If the sick person is quite far away from the town, people pass the message from one to another. A boy guarding cattle on a hillside whistles to a man fishing on his boat. The last one is able to describe the trouble fully and exactly to the doctor in town. People help one another in the same way when a car breaks down or a cow is lost. The whistled language is hundreds of years old, and probably it will continue for hundreds of years more. Radios and TVs often kill the special ways of speaking in different parts of a country. But on La Gomera you are nobodyif you cannot whistle. Perhaps soon after the TV arrives at the island, the people there will be whistling the news and other facts and opinions. 4．Why did the whistled language begin in La Gomera? A．There were many deep valleys on the island. B．The people on the island had good ears. C．The people on the island had good teeth. D．The whistlers could be heard four miles away. 5．We can probably learn from Paragraph 2. A．what people think of the island B．how people pass messages C．who makes the whistled language continue D．where people learn the whistled language 6．The underlined word "nobody"in Paragraph 3 probably means. A．an unreal person B．an unlucky person C．an unhappy person D．an unknown person 7．What may be the best title of this passage? A．Whistlers, Passers on an Island B．La Gomera, a Famous Island C．Reasons, the Start of a Whistled Language D．Whistling, a Special Language Passage C The mystery stories of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle are famous all over the world. The detective in his stories is called Sherlock Holmes. He solves mysteries in a most surprising way. His assistant, Dr. Watson, watches with admiration and then writes up the story of the mystery afterwards. This is a useful story writing skill. Because Watson is not very clever, the story remains a mystery until the end. The readers can sometimes pick up some clues before he does! Then, to make Watson understand the mystery, Holmes has to explain it all, step by step. So we, the readers, get to see it step by step too. Watson is almost as good a character in the story as Sherlock Holmes! The very first time they meet, Holmes greatly surprises Watson. When they are first introduced, Holmes says to Watson, "How do you do? I see you have been to Afghanistan. " Watson is too amazed by this. Watson has, indeed, been to Afghanistan. Later, he asks Holmes about it. Holmes explains that there is nothing magical about what he does. He gets to know it all by very, very careful observation(观察). Observation One Watson was introduced to Holmes as a doctor. Yet Holmes thought that the way he stood and walked made him seem like a soldier. So, this mean the was probably an army doctor. Observation Two Watson's face was quite dark-skinned. But his wrists (手腕)were pale. So his dark face was probably sun burnt. This meant that he had been to a hot, sunny country. As he was a working doctor, this was not a holiday. He must have gone with the army. Observation Three At the time, the British army had soldiers at bases in many parts of the world. So there were still a lot of places to choose from. However, Holmes saw that Watson looked very tired and he was always holding his left arm, as if it was painful. So, he had probably been with the army to a place where they were fighting. There was only one place where the British army was fighting at that time: Afghanistan. 8．The writer most probably created the character, Dr. Watson, to____. A．give Holmes help when solving mysteries B．show Holmes' careful observation C．help readers pick up some clues about the mystery D．get readers to see the mystery step by step 9．The first time they meet, ________. A．Holmes explains how he knows Watson has been to Afghanistan B．Holmes surprises Watson by telling that he has been to Afghanistan C．Watson tells Holmes he has been to Afghanistan D．Watson asks Holmes how he knows he has been to Afghanistan 10．From the passage we know that the British army _______ at that time. A．only had soldiers in Afghanistan B．had many army doctors at bases in many parts of the world C．was fighting with several countries D．was fighting with Afghanistan Passage D Emma liked to help Grandma in her garden. She was 11． in all the things in the garden and always had lots of questions to ask. "Why do you have big rocks in your garden, Grandma?" Emma asked 12． she was watering lettuce. Grandma was doing some digging. "Keep your eyes open," she said. "One day you will see 13． ." Emma looked at the rocks every time she 14． Grandma's garden. They just sat there, as if they were waiting 15． her to find out their secret. One morning Emma went into Grandma's garden to 16． tomatoes. It rained the night before, so it was a bit 17． . But now the sun was shining warmly. 18． Emma stopped and looked. On a big rock near her 19． two beautiful yellow-and-black butterflies. As Emma watched, the butterflies were ready to fly, and soon they flew away. Emma looked closely at the rocks. But they looked 20． special. Emma touched one. She smiled. She picked the tomatoes quickly and ran back into Grandma's house. "I know why you have big rocks in your garden, Grandma!" she called. Grandma laughed. "This cool morning gave you the answer, 21． it?" she said. "Yes, "said Emma. "I saw butterflies sitting on the rocks, warming 22． so they could fly. ""That's it, "said Grandma. "They can't fly when their bodies are cold. ""I wonder 23． they know the sun warms the rocks," said Emma. " 24． mystery!" said Grandma. Emma laughed. "I'll have to work on that one, "she said. "But I know one thing, Grandma. When I grow up, I'm going to have a garden just like 25． . And it will have lots and lots of butterfly rocks!" 11．A．pleased B．excited C．interested D．bored 12．A．if B．where C．until D．while 13．A．why B．how C．what D．who 14．A．went into B．came back C．ran away D．found out 15．A．for B．with C．of D．on 16．A．look B．pick C．grow D．water 17．A．strong B．hot C．cold D．warm 18．A．Finally B．Always C．Usually D．Suddenly 19．A．sat B．offered C．attended D．entered 20．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 21．A．needn't B．couldn't C．didn't D．doesn't 22．A．himself B．yourselves C．themselves D．herself 23．A．how B．why C．when D．what 24．A．Other B．Others C．The other D．Another 25．A．you B．yours C．their D．theirs Passage E Friends are important in our life, because no one wants to be lonely. However, some people have difficulty in making friends and they often feel lonely. 　 1 　 According to a new study from Chicago University, the reason is that this kind of people have brains different from common people. And they often feel unsafe when facing strangers. Does that mean they have no way to become happy again? 　 2 　 Scientists of this study have thought up ways to help these people deal with their loneliness. They provided four steps to get out of loneliness. 　 3　 "It's not enough for people just to get in touch with others online. That's because most people don't show their true selves there, said Dr. Cacioppo, one of this study's scientists. Another step is to get an action plan. As "actions speak louder than words"，people need to be active to communicate with others. They also need to meet people with the same interests. Moreover, they should try to expect the best from each activity. 　 4 　 Who knows what good things are waiting for us? A. No, don't worry. B. The first step is to accept social invitations even if you don't want to go. C. After all, "tomorrow is another day". D. What's the reason behind that? （5）What's the main topic of the passage? A．People who feel lonely. B．New ways to deal with loneliness. C．New ways to make friends. D．How to care about yourself. Passage F Have you heard of the English band called the Beatles（甲壳虫）? It was so popular in the world in the 1960s 　 1 　people have been crazy about them ever since. The Beatles is one of 　 2 　greatest bands of the 20th century. And Paul McCartney is one of the four numbers. Besides, he is now the third richest man in Europe. He has worked at music 　 3　nearly forty years and today he is one of the world's most famous　 4 　. He was 　 5 　in Liverpool, England in 1942. He started to play the guitar when he was 14. This was perhaps the most important point in 　 6 　life. Later, he joined the Beatles, which became the most successful band in the history of rock music. During the 1960s, the Beatles continued to make songs. 　 7 　 in 1970, the band broke up. In 1972, Paul formed a new band called Wings, it was not as successful 　 8 　the Beatles.　 9　the 1980s, Paul has written pop music and has worked on films. He is one of the best songwriters and musicians that no rock fan will 　 10 　forget. Passage H 话题：本单元主要围绕“物品的归属”这一话题展开，要求能根据相关信息作推断或续写故事。 根据所给提示，写一篇80词左右的小短文。可增加1~2条你对点点现状的猜测。 假设你家的宠物狗一点点走失好几天了，现在还没找到。她可能会到哪里去了呢？她可能正在寻找回家的路；她也可能遇到好心人，被送到了警察局；她还可能正饿着肚子在街上游……你们一家人都很着急，希望能早日找到她。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 It must belong to Carla. 人与社会：社会服务与人际沟通，历史社会与文化——和谐的家庭和社区生活，世界主要国家的文化景观。 目录 内容 板块一 话题经典小故事 板块二 话题时文阅读 板块三 话题题型训练 话题小故事1 ——秘鲁神秘的“沸水河” Mysterious boiling river in Peru There is a mysterious river running deep through the Amazon rainforest in Peru. The water temperatures along the river range from 50ºC to 90ºC, and in some parts they can almost reach the boiling point of 100ºC. For the rest of the world, however, this natural wonder used to be just a legend (传说). The river’s existence (存在) was officially confirmed (证实) in 2011 by a scientist named Andrés Ruzo. 秘鲁神秘的沸水河 秘鲁有一条神秘的河流深处流经亚马逊雨林。沿河的水温在 50ºC 到 90ºC 之间，在某些地方几乎可以达到 100ºC 的沸点。然而，对于世界其他地方来说，这个自然奇观曾经只是一个传说。这条河的存在于 2011 年由一位名叫 Andrés Ruzo 的科学家正式确认。 Ruzo heard lots of stories and legends about the strange river when he was young. His grandfather told him the river was discovered by Spanish persons hundreds of years ago, when they traveled deep into the rainforest in search of gold. 20 years after he’d heard this story, Ruzo’s aunt told him she had seen the river first-hand. Guided by her, the young scientist finally found the river himself, and confirmed that its waters do reach boiling temperatures.  Ruzo 小时候听说过很多关于这条奇怪的河流的故事和传说。他的祖父告诉他，这条河是几百年前西班牙人在深入热带雨林寻找黄金时发现的。在他听到这个故事 20 年后，Ruzo 的姑姑告诉他，她亲眼目睹了这条河。在她的指导下，这位年轻的科学家终于亲自找到了这条河，并确认它的水确实达到了沸腾的温度。 “Dipping my hand into the river would give me third-degree burns in less than half a second. Falling in could easily kill me,” he wrote in his book The Boiling River: Adventure and Discovery in the Amazon. Ruzo said, “What was amazing is that the locals had always known about this place, and that I was by no means the first outsider to see it. It is just a part of their everyday life. They cook with it, clean with it, even make their medicines with it.” But so far, no one has been able to explain the mystery of the boiling water. “It is a reminder that there are still great wonders to be discovered,” Ruzo said. “The biggest part of the Boiling River area remains wild and untamed (野性的) — and we hope to keep it this way.” “将我的手浸入河中会在不到半秒的时间内使我被三度烧伤。掉进去很容易要了我的命，“他在《沸腾的河流：亚马逊的冒险与发现》（The Boiling River： Adventure and Discovery in the Amazon）一书中写道。Ruzo 说：“令人惊奇的是，当地人一直都知道这个地方，而我绝不是第一个看到它的外人。这只是他们日常生活的一部分。他们用它做饭，用它清洁，甚至用它来做药。但到目前为止，还没有人能够解释沸水的奥秘。“这提醒我们，仍有伟大的奇迹有待发现，”Ruzo 说。“沸腾河地区的大部分仍然是未开掘的——我们希望保持这种状态。” 文章生词短语 · mysterious adj. 神秘的; 难以理解的 诡秘的 · rainforest n. (热带)雨林 · temperature n. 温度, 气温 高烧, 发烧, 发热 · range from…. to 范围从从……到…… · natural wonder 自然奇观 · used to be 过去常常… · legend n. 传奇；说明；图例；刻印文字 · existence n. 存在 生存, 生活(方式) · be officially confirmed 被官方确认 · in search of 寻找, 寻求 · dip my hand into the river 将我的手浸入河中 · less than 小于；低于；少于 · Adventure and Discovery in the Amazon 亚马逊的冒险与发现 · by no means 决不 · so far 迄今为止,到某个程度 · explain the mystery 解释谜团：揭开某个事件或现象的真相，使其不再神秘或难以理解。 · reminder n. 令人回忆起…的东西, 提醒…的东西 · untamed adj. 未驯服的,不能抑制的,难控驭的 话题小故事2 ——巨石阵 Stonehenge Each year, more than 1 million people travel from all over the world to southern England to see prehistoric Stonehenge. Little is known about who built the monument, how they achieved this wonder of engineering, or what purpose the stones served. Now, some archaeologists believe they've discovered the origin of the stones, providing new information on Stonehenge's mysterious past. 每年有超过 100 万人从世界各地前往英格兰南部参观史前巨石阵。关于谁建造了这座纪念碑，他们如何实现这一工程奇迹，或者这些石头的作用，我们知之甚少。现在，一些考古学家认为他们已经发现了这些石头的来源，为巨石阵的神秘过去提供了新的信息。 Prehistoric people built Stonehenge about 4,500 years ago. It is made up of a series of vertical stones with connecting horizontal stones on top. Only some of the stones still stand today. The most common theory about Stonehenge is that the arrangement of stones formed an astrological (占星学的) calendar. It was used to track the movement of the stars and predict eclipses (日食，月食). 史前人类在大约 4,500 年前建造了巨石阵。它由一系列垂直的石头组成，顶部有连接的水平石头。只有一些石头今天仍然屹立不倒。关于巨石阵最常见的理论是，石头的排列形成了占星学日历。它被用来追踪星星的运动和预测日食，月食。 Stonehenge is made of bluestone. Experts have long agreed that this type of rock wasn't quarried (采得) in southern England. A recent study shows that the stone originally came from 225 kilometers away in Wales. There, archaeologists found indentations (缺口) in cliff walls that perfectly match the sizes and shapes of stones located at Stonehenge. 巨石阵由青石制成。专家们早就同意，这种类型的岩石不是在英格兰南部开采的。最近的一项研究表明，这颗石头最初来自 225 公里外的威尔士。在那里，考古学家在悬崖壁上发现了与巨石阵石头的大小和形状完全匹配的凹痕。 The quarry's discovery has caused some controversy. Scientists used carbon dating to estimate the age of the remnants (遗迹) of a campfire at the Welsh quarry. The results may indicate that people excavated the stones as many as 500 years before Stonehenge was constructed at its current location. Some archaeologists have proposed that Stonehenge actually stood in Wales for many years before people moved it to England, challenging all previous theories of its origin. Mike Parker Pearson, the director of the project and a professor at University College London, said, “It's more likely that the stones were first used in a local monument, somewhere near the quarries, that was then taken apart and dragged off to Wiltshire.” 该采石场的发现引起了一些争议。科学家们使用碳测年法来估计威尔士采石场篝火遗迹的年龄。结果可能表明，在巨石阵在现在的位置建造之前 500 年，人们就已经挖掘了这些石头。一些考古学家提出，巨石阵实际上在人们将其迁移到英格兰之前在威尔士矗立了很多年，这挑战了以前所有关于其起源的理论。该项目的负责人、伦敦大学学院（University College London）教授迈克·帕克·皮尔森（Mike Parker Pearson）说，“更有可能的是，这些石头最初被用于采石场附近某个地方的当地纪念碑，然后被拆开并拖到威尔特郡。 The secrets of Stonehenge may one day be solved, but for now, the mystery remains part of its worldwide appeal. 巨石阵的秘密总有一天会被解开，但就目前而言，这个谜团仍然是其全球吸引力的一部分。 文章生词短语 · all over the world 全世界：指地球上的每个地方或每个国家。 · prehistoric adj. 史前的 · Little is known 知之甚少：对某事或某人了解甚少，缺乏详细的信息或知识。 · archaeologist n. 考古学家 · origin n. 起点；来源 出身，血统 · provide new information on 提供有关信息 · made up of 由…组成 · a series of 一系列, 一连串 · vertical adj. 垂直的，直立的；头顶的，顶点的 n. 垂直线，垂直面 · theory n. 理论；原理；学说；推测 · arrangement n. 安排; 解决办法 约定; 协议 布置好的东西 · be used to do 被用来… · track the movement of… 追踪…的运动：监视和记录人或物体的运动轨迹。 · expert adj. 熟练的；内行的；老练的n. 专家；能手；行家vt. 当专家；在中当行家 · indentation n. 凹进,缩格 凹口,缺口 · cliff n. 悬崖; 峭壁 · located at 位于 · cause some controversy 引起一些争议 · estimate vi. 估计，估价 n. 估计，估价；判断，看法 vt. 估计，估量；判断，评价 · indicate vt. 标示，指示，指出 象征；表明或暗示…的可能性 · excavate vt. 挖掘, 开凿 挖出, 发掘 · construct vt. 修建, 建立 构成, 组成 · current location 当前位置 · propose vt. & vi. 提议；建议；计划；求婚 · It's more likely that 更有可能的是 · monument n. 纪念碑；历史遗迹；不朽的作品 vt. 为…树碑 · take apart 拆开; 拆卸 · drag off 脱去; 撤走; 放干 · worldwide appeal 全球吸引力：指某个事物或人在全球范围内都具有吸引力或影响力。 时文阅读 01—人类抵达美洲时间再被提前 New research suggests humans lived in South America at the same time as giant ground sloths(巨型地懒），big animals that disappeared thousands of years ago. The findings show that people arrived in the Americas thousands of years earlier than once thought. Scientists looked at small pendants(吊坠) made of bones from the sloths. The pendants have round holes in them and look smooth. The team of researchers said the pendants show signs that humans made them.The scientists said that the material in which the pendants were found dates from 25 ,000 to 27 ,000 years ago. The pendants were found 30 years ago in caves in central Brazil. The new research is the first to carefully study them. The scientists ruled out the possibility that humans had found and made them thousands of years after the sloths died. Instead, they said the pendants were made within days or a few years after the sloths died. “We now have good evidence(证据) that we have to rethink our ideas about when humans moved to the Americas,”said Mirian Pacheco, a scientist in the new research.Some earlier theories(理论) had suggested the first people arrived in the Americas around 15, 000years ago. Other evidence from Mexico suggests humans may have appeared in the Americas around 26,000 years ago. Discoveries from Uruguay suggest humans were living there30.000 years ago. The evidence from more than one place means scientists have begun to think about their old ideas again. "Some early populations may have died out in the Americas.But it's very likely that many waves of people came to the Americas,"said Briana Pobiner, another scientist. 1. According to Paragraph 2,the small pendants_____. A.had square holes B. looked as if broken C. were made of bones D. were formed by nature 2.What does the underlined phrase“ruled out”probably mean in Chinese? A. 确定 B.排除 C. 发现 D.思考 3.According to the earlier theories, when did the first humans arrive in the Americas? A. Around 1,5000 years ago. B. Around 26.000 years ago. C. Around 27,000 years ago. D. Around 30,000 years ago. 4.Why does the writer write this passage? A. To share a short history of the world's early humans. B. To discuss how humans moved to the Americas. C. To introduce when the sloths disappeared in history. D. To show new findings about when humans arrived in the Americas. 参考答案： 新的研究表明,人类到达美洲的时间比以前认为的时间要早数千年。 1.C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“small pendants made of bones from the sloths”可知，这些小吊坠是由巨型地懒的骨头制成的。故选C项。 2.B词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Instead，they said the pendants were made within days or a few years after the sloths died.”可知，科学家们说这些吊坠是在巨型地懒死亡后几天或几年内制作的。Instead提示这一说法与画线短语所在句的说法是相互矛盾的。由此可知，此处指科学家们排除了人类在巨型地懒死亡数千年后发现并制造它们的可能性，故画线短语意为“排除”。 3.A细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Some earlier theories had suggested the first people arrived in the Americas around 15,000 years ago.”可知，早期的一些理论认为第一批人类大约是在15000年前来到美洲的。 4.D 推理判断题。通读全文可知，科学家在巴西中部发现了用巨型地懒的骨头制成的小吊坠，并声称在墨西哥和乌拉圭发现的证据表明人们到达美洲的时间比以前认为的时间要早数千年，故本文的目的是介绍有关人类何时抵达美洲的新发现。 时文阅读 02—世界上最遥远的定居点 In the middle of the South Atlantic Ocean, about 2,800 kilometers west of Cape Town,South Africa,there is a place.  1 It belongs to the UK. People call it one of the farthest settlements(定居点）in the world according to a list online this year. In fact it was first discovered by the Portuguese in 1506.But no people lived on the islands until the British took them in 1816. Today,about 250 people live in the islands' only settlement, Edinburgh of the Seven Seas.   2 Farming and fishing are the main industries,making it possible for the community to support itself. The islands are also home to 85% of the world's northern rockhopper penguins(跳岩企鹅).   3 There are no airports,hotels,restaurants or clubs,and the sea isn't safe for swimming.There's a supermarket,but products need to be ordered months ahead of time. Besides,it's quite difficult to get to. According to the official website,there are three ships making nine return trips from Cape Town every year.   4 Only the return costs the tourists about $550 to$1,000. Possibly the best thing about the main island is the loneliness it offers.   5 You can climb the mountaintop of the island's 2,062-meter volcano with a local guide,have a drink in the only pub(酒吧)，or play a game of golf on what Lonely Planet calls“probably the most rugged(不平的) golf course you'll ever see". A. And the cost of the journey is quite high. B. It is on the north coast of the main island. C. But there are also some activities visitors can enjoy. D. Today, Tristan da Cunha is a popular place of interest. E. Tristan da Cunha isn't like any other place you might visit. F. It is a group of volcanic islands with the name of Tristan da Cunha. 【答案】   特里斯坦-达库尼亚群岛是位于南大西洋的一个火山群岛。它最初由葡萄牙人发现，但是直到1816年英国占据了这些岛屿之后，才有人在这里定居。目前岛上常住人口约250人，该岛也被称为世界上最遥远的定居点之一。 1.F 根据空前一句内容可知，在南大西洋中部，南非开普敦以西约2800千米处，有一个地方；再根据空后内容可知，空后对该地点进行了具体介绍。因此，空处应该指出这个地方，故F项“它是名为特里斯坦-达库尼亚的火山群岛”可承上启下，符合语境。 2.B根据空后一句可知，农业和渔业是主要产业，使这个地方能够自给自足。因此该定居点应该在沿海地区，故B项“它位于主岛的北部海岸”可引出下文，符合语境。 3.E根据空后内容可知，这里没有机场、酒店、餐馆或俱乐部，在这游泳也不安全；这里有一家超市，但商品需要提前几个月订购。结合生活常识可知，这座岛上的情况与其他常见的地点不太一样。故E项“特里斯坦-达库尼亚群岛不像你可能游览的任何其他地方”可引出下文，符合语境。 4.A根据空后一句“Only the return costs the tourists about $550 to $1,000.”可知，仅回程就需要花费大约550到1000美元。由此可推知，去这里旅行所需的费用很高，故A项“并且旅途的费用也相当高昂”可引出下文，符合语境。 5.C 根据空前一句“Possibly the best thing about the main island is the loneliness it offers.”可知，主岛最棒的地方可能是它提供的孤独感；再根据空后内容可知，你可以在当地导游的带领下攀登岛上海拔2062米的火山，还可以喝酒和打高尔夫。故C项“但也有一些游客可以享受的活动”可承上启下，符合语境。 话题题型训练板块 Passage A Most of us have only one main personality that controls what we believe, how we speak, act, smile, laugh, and so on. Our personality helps make us different from everybody else, but there are some people who might have multiple(多种的), or many, personalities. Having multiple personalities is like having many different people living inside a single body. One personality might say and do things that the other personality would hate. Also, it seems that one personality can do things that the other personalities don't know anything about, because different personalities control the person at different times. According to some doctors, people with multiple personalities often don't know that they have many personalities. Sometimes these people can do strange things. One woman tried to kill herself. Then she was told she had 13 personalities, each with a name and each different from the others. They included Kid, a cute five-year-old girl; Cynthia, an angry woman; and Alice, the one who had wanted to kill herself. Where do psychologists think multiple personalities come from? One theory is that they come from bad childhood experiences. Many people who may have multiple personalities were badly hurt when they were children. Because of their experiences, these children may build new personalities in their own minds. Then they probably begin playing with these new people. But the new personalities may become so strong that the person can no longer control when the different personalities will appear. It is difficult to know how to help these people. If possible, they should try to bring back together the multiple personalities into a single personality again. But if that is impossible, then the next best thing they can do is to help the different personalities inside them live together in peace. 1．The underlined phrase"these people"in Paragraph 2 refers to people who____. A．have one main personality B．are different from others C．have more than one personality D．know about multiple personalities 2．Paragraph 3 mainly talks about the ____ of multiple personalities A．causes B．problems C．advice D．examples 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Different personalities often live in peace inside the people B．There are many useful methods to treat multiple personalities. C．People with many personalities know exactly about their situation. D．Bad childhood experiences may lead to multiple personalities. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲述了人们对多重人格的认识，以及多重人格的产生原因和治疗方法。 1．推理判断题。根据上文According to some doctors , people with multiple personalities often don ' t know that they have many personalities （据一些医生说，多重人格的人往往不知道自己有很多性格）可以推断，第二段中划线的" these people "指的是有多重人格的人，故答案为C 。 2．段落大意题。根据第三段的首句Where do psychologists think multiple personalities come from?（心理学家认为多重人格从何而来）和第三段内容可知第三段主要讨论了多重人格的原因，故答案为A。 3．细节理解题。根据Where do psychologists think multiple personalities come from? One theory is that they come from bad childhood experiences.（心理学家认为多重人格从何而来?一种理论认为它们来自于糟糕的童年经历。）可知糟糕的童年经历可能导致多重人格。故答案为D。 Passage B La Gomera is one of a few places in the world which has a whistled language. We do not know how and why it began because we do not know the complete history of the island. But we can certainly imagine the reasons for the beginning of the whistled language. There are many deep valleys on the island. A person on one side of a valley cannot easily shout to a person on the other side. But he can whistle and be heard. Some of the best whistlers can be heard from four miles away and the record is seven miles. The people who live on the island usually have good teeth, and this helps them to whistle well. They must also have good ears so that they can hear the other whistlers. We can understand why the whistled language continues. It is very useful on the island, and quite easy to learn. When somebody is hurt or ill, the whistled language takes the place of the telephone. If the sick person is quite far away from the town, people pass the message from one to another. A boy guarding cattle on a hillside whistles to a man fishing on his boat. The last one is able to describe the trouble fully and exactly to the doctor in town. People help one another in the same way when a car breaks down or a cow is lost. The whistled language is hundreds of years old, and probably it will continue for hundreds of years more. Radios and TVs often kill the special ways of speaking in different parts of a country. But on La Gomera you are nobodyif you cannot whistle. Perhaps soon after the TV arrives at the island, the people there will be whistling the news and other facts and opinions. 4．Why did the whistled language begin in La Gomera? A．There were many deep valleys on the island. B．The people on the island had good ears. C．The people on the island had good teeth. D．The whistlers could be heard four miles away. 5．We can probably learn from Paragraph 2. A．what people think of the island B．how people pass messages C．who makes the whistled language continue D．where people learn the whistled language 6．The underlined word "nobody"in Paragraph 3 probably means. A．an unreal person B．an unlucky person C．an unhappy person D．an unknown person 7．What may be the best title of this passage? A．Whistlers, Passers on an Island B．La Gomera, a Famous Island C．Reasons, the Start of a Whistled Language D．Whistling, a Special Language 【答案】4．A 5．B 6．D 7．D 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了口哨在拉戈梅拉广泛应用。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段But we can certainly imagine the reasons for the beginning of the whistled language. There are many deep valleys on the island.可知人们用口哨的原因是岛上有很多深谷，故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段We can understand why the whistled language continues.及下文内容，可知本段主要介绍了口哨是如何使用的，我们可以得知人们是如何传递信息的，故选B。 6．词义猜测题。根据上文可知在岛上生活必须会口哨，再结合本句，可知如果你不会吹口哨，你就什么都不是。nobody指不知名的人，故选D。 7．最佳标题题。根据全文内容，可知本文主要介绍了口哨在拉戈梅拉广泛应用，可知D选项符合文意，故选D。 Passage C The mystery stories of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle are famous all over the world. The detective in his stories is called Sherlock Holmes. He solves mysteries in a most surprising way. His assistant, Dr. Watson, watches with admiration and then writes up the story of the mystery afterwards. This is a useful story writing skill. Because Watson is not very clever, the story remains a mystery until the end. The readers can sometimes pick up some clues before he does! Then, to make Watson understand the mystery, Holmes has to explain it all, step by step. So we, the readers, get to see it step by step too. Watson is almost as good a character in the story as Sherlock Holmes! The very first time they meet, Holmes greatly surprises Watson. When they are first introduced, Holmes says to Watson, "How do you do? I see you have been to Afghanistan. " Watson is too amazed by this. Watson has, indeed, been to Afghanistan. Later, he asks Holmes about it. Holmes explains that there is nothing magical about what he does. He gets to know it all by very, very careful observation(观察). Observation One Watson was introduced to Holmes as a doctor. Yet Holmes thought that the way he stood and walked made him seem like a soldier. So, this mean the was probably an army doctor. Observation Two Watson's face was quite dark-skinned. But his wrists (手腕)were pale. So his dark face was probably sun burnt. This meant that he had been to a hot, sunny country. As he was a working doctor, this was not a holiday. He must have gone with the army. Observation Three At the time, the British army had soldiers at bases in many parts of the world. So there were still a lot of places to choose from. However, Holmes saw that Watson looked very tired and he was always holding his left arm, as if it was painful. So, he had probably been with the army to a place where they were fighting. There was only one place where the British army was fighting at that time: Afghanistan. 8．The writer most probably created the character, Dr. Watson, to____. A．give Holmes help when solving mysteries B．show Holmes' careful observation C．help readers pick up some clues about the mystery D．get readers to see the mystery step by step 9．The first time they meet, ________. A．Holmes explains how he knows Watson has been to Afghanistan B．Holmes surprises Watson by telling that he has been to Afghanistan C．Watson tells Holmes he has been to Afghanistan D．Watson asks Holmes how he knows he has been to Afghanistan 10．From the passage we know that the British army _______ at that time. A．only had soldiers in Afghanistan B．had many army doctors at bases in many parts of the world C．was fighting with several countries D．was fighting with Afghanistan 【答案】8．D 9．B 10．D 【解析】【分析】短文大意∶亚瑟爵士柯南道尔的神秘故事著名于世界各地。在他的故事中，侦探Sherlock福尔摩斯以最惊人的方式解决奥秘。 8．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Then, to make Watson understand the mystery, Holmes has to explain it all, step by step. So we, the readers, get to see it step by step too. Watson is almost as good a character in the story as Sherlock Holmes!（然后，为了让华生了解其中的奥秘，福尔摩斯必须一步一步地解释这一切。 所以我们读者也可以一步一步地看到它。 华生在故事中几乎和福尔摩斯一样出色！）”可知作者最有可能创造角色，华生医生，为了让读者一步一步看到神秘，故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段开头“The very first time they meet, Holmes greatly surprises Watson.When they are first introduced, Holmes says to Watson, "How do you do? I see you have been to Afghanistan. "（他们第一次见面时，福尔摩斯让华生大吃一惊。当他们第一次被介绍时，福尔摩斯对华生说：“你好吗？我知道你去过阿富汗。”）”可知福尔摩斯通过说去阿富汗惊讶到了华生，故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据短文最后“There was only one place where the British army was fighting at that time:Afghanistan.（当时只有一个地方与英军作战：阿富汗。）”可知英国军队与阿富汗作战，故选D。 Passage D Emma liked to help Grandma in her garden. She was 11． in all the things in the garden and always had lots of questions to ask. "Why do you have big rocks in your garden, Grandma?" Emma asked 12． she was watering lettuce. Grandma was doing some digging. "Keep your eyes open," she said. "One day you will see 13． ." Emma looked at the rocks every time she 14． Grandma's garden. They just sat there, as if they were waiting 15． her to find out their secret. One morning Emma went into Grandma's garden to 16． tomatoes. It rained the night before, so it was a bit 17． . But now the sun was shining warmly. 18． Emma stopped and looked. On a big rock near her 19． two beautiful yellow-and-black butterflies. As Emma watched, the butterflies were ready to fly, and soon they flew away. Emma looked closely at the rocks. But they looked 20． special. Emma touched one. She smiled. She picked the tomatoes quickly and ran back into Grandma's house. "I know why you have big rocks in your garden, Grandma!" she called. Grandma laughed. "This cool morning gave you the answer, 21． it?" she said. "Yes, "said Emma. "I saw butterflies sitting on the rocks, warming 22． so they could fly. ""That's it, "said Grandma. "They can't fly when their bodies are cold. ""I wonder 23． they know the sun warms the rocks," said Emma. " 24． mystery!" said Grandma. Emma laughed. "I'll have to work on that one, "she said. "But I know one thing, Grandma. When I grow up, I'm going to have a garden just like 25． . And it will have lots and lots of butterfly rocks!" 11．A．pleased B．excited C．interested D．bored 12．A．if B．where C．until D．while 13．A．why B．how C．what D．who 14．A．went into B．came back C．ran away D．found out 15．A．for B．with C．of D．on 16．A．look B．pick C．grow D．water 17．A．strong B．hot C．cold D．warm 18．A．Finally B．Always C．Usually D．Suddenly 19．A．sat B．offered C．attended D．entered 20．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 21．A．needn't B．couldn't C．didn't D．doesn't 22．A．himself B．yourselves C．themselves D．herself 23．A．how B．why C．when D．what 24．A．Other B．Others C．The other D．Another 25．A．you B．yours C．their D．theirs 【答案】11．C；12．D；13．A；14．A；15．A；16．B；17．C；18．D；19．A；20．A；21．C；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．B 【解析】【分析】 这篇文章主要介绍了艾玛喜欢在花园里帮助奶奶．她对花园里的一切都很感兴趣并且总是有很多问题要问。她解开了岩石之谜知道了蝴蝶趴在岩石上，暖和自己所以他们会飞．但是还想知道蝴蝶是怎样知道太阳温暖了岩石的，她也要解开这个秘密 。 11．句意：她对花园里的一切都感兴趣。pleased高兴的，excited兴奋的，interested感兴趣的，bored无聊的，根据后面 always had lots of questions to ask艾玛总是有很多问题要问，由此可知，她对花园里的所有事物都感兴趣。固定词组，be interested in...，对……感兴趣，故选C。 12．句意：艾玛在奶奶给莴苣浇水时问道。if如果，是否，where哪里，until直到，while当……的时候，根据后面she was watering lettuce可知，指的是当奶奶给莴苣浇水时，符合语境，故选D。 13．句意：总有一天你会明白为什么。why为什么，how怎样，what什么，who谁，根据前面Why do you have big rocks in your garden, Grandma?可知，此处应该是“艾玛总有一天会明白为什么花园里有大岩石。”，故选A。 14．句意：艾玛每次走进奶奶的花园都会看着岩石。go—went，go into进入，come—came，come back回来，run—ran，run away逃跑，find—found，find out查明，根据后面They just sat there可知，此处指的是“艾玛走进花园里”，故选A。 15．句意：它们只是坐在那里，好像在等她发现它们的秘密。固定词组，wait for sb.，等待某人，故选A。 16．句意：一天早上，艾玛去奶奶的花园摘西红柿。look看，pick摘，grow生长，water浇水，根据下文 She picked the tomatoes quickly and ran back into Grandma's house. 可知，此处指的是“摘西红柿”，故选B。 17．句意：前一天晚上下雨了，所以有点冷。strong强壮的，hot热的，cold冷的，warm暖和的，根据前面It rained the night before描述，可知，天气有点冷，符合语境在，故选C。 18．句意：突然，艾玛停下来看了看。finally最后，终于，always总是，usually通常，suddenly突然，结合语境，此处指的是“艾玛突然停下来查看”，故选D。 19．句意：在她附近的一块大石头上，坐着两只美丽的黄黑相间的蝴蝶。sit—sat坐，offer—offered提供，attend—attended参加，enter—entered进入，结合下文描述 I saw butterflies sitting on the rocks，可知此处指的是“两只美丽的黄黑相间的蝴蝶坐在一块岩石上”，故选A。 20．句意：但它们看起来没什么特别的。nothing什么也没有，anything一些，用于否定句或问句，任何东西，用于肯定句，something某物，用于肯定句，用于问句中表示委婉的请求，希望对方作出肯定回答，everything一切，每样东西，根据前面Emma looked closely at the rocks. 艾玛仔细地看了看岩石。句子中but表示转折关系，由此可知，岩石没有什么特别的地方，符合语境，故选A。 21．句意：这个凉爽的早晨给了你答案，不是吗？根据This cool morning gave you the answer,...it?此处是反意疑问句。遵循前肯后否，前否后肯的原则，人称和时态和前面保持一致，主语this cool morning，单数名词，用it代替，gave是动词give的过去式，否定形式用助动词didn't后接动词原形，故选C。 22．句意：我看到蝴蝶坐在岩石上取暖，这样它们就可以飞了。himself他自己，yourselves你（们）自己，themselves他们自己，她们自己，它们自己，herself她自己，warm oneself使自己暖和，此处指的是”butterflies“，反身代词要用themselves，故选C。 23．句意：我想知道它们是怎么知道太阳使岩石变暧的。how怎样，why为什么，when什么时候，what什么，根据后面they know the sun warms the rocks不缺少宾语，排除what，结合语境，此处应该是询问方式，蝴蝶是怎样知道太阳使岩石暖和的，故选A。 24．句意：“又是一个谜！”奶奶说。other另外的，其他的，others别人，别的东西，the other，常用one...the other...，两者中的一个，另一个，another另外的，表示不同的一个，上文已经提到 Why do you have big rocks in your garden？艾玛解决这个疑问，根据前面”I wonder how they know the sun warms the rocks “可知，蝴蝶是怎样知道太阳会温暖岩石的，又是另一个秘密，故选D。 25．句意：当我长大后，我会有一个像你一样的花园。you你，yours你（们）的，名词性物主代词，指代你（们）的东西，their他们的，形容词性物主代词，后接名词或代词，theirs他们的，名词性物主代词，指代他们的东西。根据"I'll have to work on that one, "she said. "But I know one thing, Grandma. When I grow up, I'm going to have a garden just like... And it will have lots and lots of butterfly rocks!"可知，这段对话，是艾玛对奶奶说的，此处指的是”我会有一个像你一样的花园“，your garden，要用yours来代替，故选B。 Passage E Friends are important in our life, because no one wants to be lonely. However, some people have difficulty in making friends and they often feel lonely. 　 1 　 According to a new study from Chicago University, the reason is that this kind of people have brains different from common people. And they often feel unsafe when facing strangers. Does that mean they have no way to become happy again? 　 2 　 Scientists of this study have thought up ways to help these people deal with their loneliness. They provided four steps to get out of loneliness. 　 3　 "It's not enough for people just to get in touch with others online. That's because most people don't show their true selves there, said Dr. Cacioppo, one of this study's scientists. Another step is to get an action plan. As "actions speak louder than words"，people need to be active to communicate with others. They also need to meet people with the same interests. Moreover, they should try to expect the best from each activity. 　 4 　 Who knows what good things are waiting for us? A. No, don't worry. B. The first step is to accept social invitations even if you don't want to go. C. After all, "tomorrow is another day". D. What's the reason behind that? （5）What's the main topic of the passage? A．People who feel lonely. B．New ways to deal with loneliness. C．New ways to make friends. D．How to care about yourself. 【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）C （5）B 【解析】【分析】文章大意：朋友是很重要的，但是有些人存在着交友上的障碍，他们感到孤独，文章介绍了科学家帮助他们不再孤独的方法。 （1）根据 According to a new study from Chicago University, the reason is that this kind of people have brains different from common people. And they often feel unsafe when facing strangers. 可知，该句在解释一些人交友困难的原因，所以前一句应该是：后面的原因是什么呢？故答案是D。 （2）根据 Scientists of this study have thought up ways to help these people deal with their loneliness. 可知科学家已经为这类人找到了帮助他们解决孤独的方法。所以不要为此而担心。故答案是A。 （3）根据 It's not enough for people just to get in touch with others online. 可知只是在网上联系是不够的，要走进社会与人交往，要接受别人的邀请，故答案是B。 （4）根据前面的叙述可知，有了帮助这类人的方法步骤，本句应该是一个总结句，故答案是C。 （5）题意：这篇文章的主旨是什么？文章主要讲述了如何交友，来对抗孤独，因此B选项，对抗孤独的新方式，符合文章大意，故选B。 Passage F Have you heard of the English band called the Beatles（甲壳虫）? It was so popular in the world in the 1960s 　 1 　people have been crazy about them ever since. The Beatles is one of 　 2 　greatest bands of the 20th century. And Paul McCartney is one of the four numbers. Besides, he is now the third richest man in Europe. He has worked at music 　 3　nearly forty years and today he is one of the world's most famous　 4 　. He was 　 5 　in Liverpool, England in 1942. He started to play the guitar when he was 14. This was perhaps the most important point in 　 6 　life. Later, he joined the Beatles, which became the most successful band in the history of rock music. During the 1960s, the Beatles continued to make songs. 　 7 　 in 1970, the band broke up. In 1972, Paul formed a new band called Wings, it was not as successful 　 8 　the Beatles.　 9　the 1980s, Paul has written pop music and has worked on films. He is one of the best songwriters and musicians that no rock fan will 　 10 　forget. 【答案】that；the；for；musicians；born；his；But；as；Since；never 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲了甲壳虫乐队的情况。 （1）句意：它在20世纪60年代那么受欢迎以致于从那以后人们就对他们着迷。so···that从句：如此······以致于······，that引导结果状语从句，故答案为that。 （2）句意：甲壳虫乐队是20世纪最棒的乐队之一。greatest是形容词最高级，前面要用定冠词the, 故答案为the。 （3）句意：他已经在音乐方面工作近四十年了， 今天他是最著名的音乐家之一。for+段时间和现在完成时连用，故答案为for。 （4）句意：他已经在音乐方面工作近四十年了， 今天他是最著名的音乐家之一。根据语境可知他是音乐家，musician，one of+名词复数，故答案为musicians。 （5）句意：他在1942年出生在英国利物浦。出生：be born in, 故答案为born。 （6）句意：这可能是他的一生中最重要的点。根据前句主语是he, 可知修饰名词要用其形容词性物主代词his, 故答案为his。 （7）句意：在20世纪60年代期间，甲壳虫队继续制作歌曲。但是在1970年，这个乐队解散了。根据上下文可知句子是转折关系，故答案为But。 （8）句意：在1972年，Paul形成了一个叫Wings的新乐队， 它不像甲壳虫乐队一样成功。as+形容词+as是固定结构，故答案为as。 （9）句意：自从20世纪80年代喀什，Paul写流行音乐，开始拍电影。句子为现在完成时，时间状语用since, 故答案为Since。 （10）句意：他是最好的写歌者和音乐大师以致于从来没有乐队迷会忘记。从不：never。故答案为never。 Passage H 话题：本单元主要围绕“物品的归属”这一话题展开，要求能根据相关信息作推断或续写故事。 根据所给提示，写一篇80词左右的小短文。可增加1~2条你对点点现状的猜测。 假设你家的宠物狗一点点走失好几天了，现在还没找到。她可能会到哪里去了呢？她可能正在寻找回家的路；她也可能遇到好心人，被送到了警察局；她还可能正饿着肚子在街上游……你们一家人都很着急，希望能早日找到她。 【答案】 My pet dog, Diandian, has been missing for several days. Where can she go? She might be trying to find out the way home now. Or she might meet a kind person and be sent to the police station. Or maybe she is walking along the street with an empty stomach. And also it is possible that she is playing somewhere with other dogs. We are all worried about her very much. We hope she can come back home early. 【知识点】提纲作文 【解析】【分析】本题为写材料作文，要求围绕“物品的归属”这一话题， 根据所给提示，写一篇80词左右的小短文 。短文内容主要关于宠物狗走失后可能发生的事情。首先阅读提示，弄清所有信息，明确写作要点。再根据要点，写出关键词，短语和句子。最后组词成句，连句成篇。本文主要时态为一般现在时，人称主要为第三人称。 【点评】考查材料作文写作。本文详细全面的包括了提示中要求的信息。首先交代了宠物狗走失的背景，其次列举了各种可能，最后表明了找到宠物狗的希望，内容层层递进，结构完整。其中使用的一些短语和句型为文章增色不少。例如find out，send to，walk along等。其中 And also it is possible that she is playing somewhere with other dogs. 运用it's+形容词+从句，表明了作者的猜测。学习中要注意总结一些写作可用的好词好句，写作时应用上使文章内容更丰富更有条理性。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$