精品解析：上海市徐汇南洋中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

高一年级英语学科期中考试试题 (满分100分，考试时间90分钟) Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension (19%) Section A (10%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Professor and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Lecturer and participant. D. Writer and reader. 2. A. She has to finish everyone’s plan before leaving office. B. She doesn’t like to have dinner with colleagues after work. C. Her work duties involve checking everyone’s work and fixing everything. D. She usually gets off work later than others. 3. A. They failed to agree on the meeting place. B. The man forgot about the meeting. C. They got there at different times. D. The woman didn’t arrive on time. 4. A. He is suffering a pain in the neck. B. His roommate’s bed is always in a mess. C. His roommate walks in his sleep. D. He doesn’t like to share a room with anyone. 5. A. At the gift shop. B. At the bakery. C. At the gas station. D. At the restaurant. 6. A. The man may bring too much trouble to his brother. B. The man should not kill birds for fun. C. It is wise of the man to visit his brother while on vacation. D. Dalian is a good spot for vacation in terms of budget. 7. A. It’s better safe than sorry. B. The lady needn’t take a raincoat with her. C. The lady should listen to the weather forecast. D. The weather is unpredictable these days. 8. A. The man will be punished for letting the cat out of the bag. B. She will tell the teacher right now. C. It is no use keeping the secret. D. She is afraid the cat will hurt innocent people. 9. A. She had a great time last night. B. She wished she hadn’t asked so many questions. C. She was too shy to answer the questions in English. D. She didn’t like the experience at the English corner. 10. A. He will pick up the litter from the floor. B. He is not the person responsible for the mess. C. The woman should not point fingers at him. D. The woman should not drop things on the floor. Section B (9%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It is ten times bigger than a baseball field. B. Its residents are all patients and their family members. C. It is an ideal place for old people to live comfortably in. D. People working in the shops are medical staff. 12. A. Cleaning the house. B. Selling goods in the shops. C. Cooking meals. D. Watching TV. 13. A.152. B. 125. C. 250. D. 215. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. By forming study groups in different grades. B. By pairing up older students with younger ones. C. By giving lectures on the importance of friendship. D. By taking advantage of after-school activities. 15. A. It enables the school to better monitor its students. B. It relieves the school of its management responsibility. C. It is beneficial to all participants involved. D. The results have been used to design after-school programs. 16. A. To help new students better adapt to school life. B. To create more extra-curricular activities for students. C. To urge students to pursue their goals in life. D. To encourage students to communicate with the school authorities. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A (10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Travels without internet It may sound hard to believe in this digital age but Yang Hao, a 32-year-old doctoral student studying in the United Kingdom, started on a solo trip the old-fashioned way last year, using a printed map, paying for everything using cash or a bank card, reading train times, and talking to strangers. Over the course of 134 days, he visited 68 counties and cities in 24 provinces and regions ___1___ China, read 40 books, documented his experiences, and used two cameras to record ___2___ he saw. Since his story was posted online, it ___3___(go) viral, triggering widespread discussion and reflection on the modern dependence on technology. ___4___ he foresaw that it would trigger some discussion, the public attention his journey has drawn has exceeded his imagination. Last Nov 27, he set off from Taiyuan with a 40-liter backpack, ___5___ contained clothing, two cameras, maps, his identification card, bank cards, cash, two writing brushes, a bottle of calligraphy ink, a pen, a notebook, and three books. Standing at the Taiyuan Railway Station as his parents saw him off. “It was the first time in my life that both my parents saw me off together. They felt more distant from me without the internet,” Yang says, adding that his parents were likely ___6___(worry) more about him as they couldn’t contact him by phone. Arriving at Linfen, he encountered the first challenge, as without a phone, he couldn’t book a hotel online. Although he showed his ID card and offered to pay cash at the hotel reception, it seemed that without a phone, he could not reserve a room. During the trip, Yang experienced lots of situations like this. At the entrance to the Hubei Provincial Museum in Wuhan, he ___7___(not allow) in because the museum required reservation in advance and he couldn’t reserve a ticket online. Yang wrote his first letter to his parents on the third day. Holding the brush, he struggled to find the right words to start. “Through the traditional way of writing letters to convey my feelings and longing for my family, the distance and the waiting helped me reflect on my relationship with the world,” Yang says. He mailed 40 letters during his trip, and received five replies, which have become treasured memories. Yang returned to Taiyuan on April 9. His mother welcomed him with a bowl of noodles in accordance with the Chinese saying “Dumplings for departure, and noodles for return”. With the noodles ___8___(warm) his belly, Yang felt that his journey had come to an end. ___9___ he first saw his phone and computer, which had been lying unused for more than four months, he didn’t want to turn them on, ____10____ he had become used to a quiet, peaceful life without the internet. Section B (10%) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. challenge B. originally C. routines D. collective E. stepping F. drawn G. defence H. maintain I. Ultimately J. shared K. pays In today’s rapidly changing world, it is essential to ___11___ a positive attitude and respect for diverse perspectives. We often find ourselves in typical ___12___, where we earn our living and respond to daily challenges. However, life is more than just a series of tasks; it is an adventure that inspires us to connect with others and to inspire them in return. Communities play a crucial role in shaping our experiences. On behalf of those who strive for improvement, it is important to recognize the aspects that contribute to a thriving environment. In terms of social dynamics, we share a variety of values and challenges, including the pressing issue of poverty. Addressing such matters requires ___13___ efforts and a commitment to uplift one another. It ___14___ to engage actively in community initiatives, as these efforts can lead to significant improvements. Reflecting on our contributions, we can identify what we have in common with others. This ___15___ understanding not only builds pride but also helps settle any feelings of embarrassment regarding our differences. While it is natural to feel ashamed of certain past actions, it is vital to remain focused on the opportunities for growth. By connecting individuals to resources and support, we can foster an environment that encourages respect and mutual admiration. In every community, there are historic sites that serve as reminders of our shared past. These former landmarks hold stories and lessons that can inspire future generations. ___16___ established as places of significance, they continue to feature in our cultural narratives. When we admire these sites, we also acknowledge the importance of preserving history for the sake of future opportunities. Moreover, being ___17___ to certain activities or organizations within the community can lead to energetic participation. Whether it’s volunteering, attending workshops, or engaging in local arts, these endeavors allow us to explore our interests and contribute to something larger than ourselves. In case you are wondering how to get involved, many communities have outreach programs designed to connect people with opportunities that match their skills and passions. As we navigate through life, it is essential to take a moment to reflect on our journeys. Each ___18___ we face contributes to our growth and understanding of the world. Although we may encounter disappointment along the way, it is crucial to view these experiences as ___19___ stones rather than setbacks. By maintaining a proactive stance, we can inspire others to embark on their adventures, knowing they have a supportive community behind them. ___20___, the connections we build within our communities are invaluable. By working together, respecting each other’s experiences, and embracing our unique perspectives, we can create a vibrant environment that enriches all our lives. Let us continue to inspire and uplift each other, ensuring that future generations will also benefit from the foundations we build today. III. Reading Comprehension (37%) Section A(15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Deliverance(解救) for Delivery Drivers? ZOOOOOOOOM!!! A gust of air, the hum of spinning wheels, and a flash of color whizzing past. I’m sure that we have all stepped into the crosswalk, at one time or another, and experienced this sudden, heart-stopping ___21___. I am, of course, referring to delivery drivers ___22___ through crossroads to deliver takeaway food. Over the past few years, delivery drivers have been criticized, fined, and even ___23___ for breaking traffic laws across China. Delivery drivers often ___24___ red lights, disregard speed limits, and pay little attention to pedestrian crossings. But they also often pay the ___25___ price — each year, it seems like fatal injuries involving delivery drivers are increasing. ___26___, since delivery drivers are usually poorly paid, how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock? Well, it ___27___ to be a complicated issue. Recently an article titled “Delivery Drivers, Stuck in the System” was shared widely on social media. According to the article, ___28___ between delivery services Ele.me and Meituan has caused each app to take increasingly extreme measures to out-do(超过) the other. This has included the shortening of delivery time windows. It has been ___29___, in part, through a combination of rewards for early delivery and severe punishments for late delivery. Over time, the platforms have only increased these ___30___ on drivers. As a result, drivers find themselves in a dilemma(左右两难的困境)：break traffic laws or, in some cases, lose hundreds of yuan in earnings for late deliveries. According to surveys and reactions online, ___31___ care much whether their deliveries are a few minutes late, while most believe that it is not worth risking someone’s life for. In response, Ele.me and Meituan have added a combination of features to ___32___ delivery times for slow elevators or bad weather conditions. Although these new ___33___ cannot solve the underlying problems of intense competition or the inherent dangers of driving, they should, in some measure, start reducing some of the pressure on drivers. In the meantime, as ___34___, we can help to make life for delivery riders safer and easier. ___35___, be a considerate person and don’t leave them waiting for too long. If you see a food delivery guy rushing toward you on an escalator or into a door, consider standing back and letting him go first. After all, they are putting their lives on the line just to deliver our food. 21. A. fright B. delight C. pain D. sorrow 22. A. running B. walking C. rushing D. wandering 23. A. arrested B. fired C. blamed D. praised 24. A. destroy B. ignore C. observe D. interrupt 25. A. everlasting B. dramatic C. slight D. final 26. A. However B. Namely C. Indeed D. Surprisingly 27. A. decides B. refuses C. turns out D. takes turns 28. A. comparison B. contrast C. competition D. cooperation 29. A. adapted B. achieved C. adopted D. assumed 30. A. motivations B. advantages C. pressures D. skills 31. A. some B. few C. many D. we 32. A. reduce B. expand C. narrow D. extend 33. A. actions B. behaviors C. features D. conditions 34. A. humans B. consumers C. friends D. taxpayers 35. A. In one word B. As a result C. For example D. On the contrary Section B(14%) Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A When I was a puppy, I entertained you and made you laugh. You called me your child, and despite a number of chewed shoes and a couple of murdered pillows, I became your best friend. Whenever I was “bad”, you’d shake your finger at me and ask “How could you?”—but then you rolled me over for a belly (腹部) rub. I remember those nights of rubbing you in bed and listening to your secret dreams, and I believed that life could not be any more perfect. Gradually, you began spending more time at work and on your career, and more time searching for a human mate. She, now your wife, is not a “dog person”—still I welcomed her into our home, tried to show her affection, and obeyed her. I was happy because you were happy. Then the human babies came along and I shared your excitement. I was fascinated by the pinkness, how they smelled, and I wanted to mother them, too. Only she and you worried that I might hurt them, and I spent most of my time in another room. There had been a time, when others asked you if you had a dog, that you produced a photo of me from your wallet and told them stories about me. These past few years, you just answered “yes” and changed the subject. I had gone from being “your dog” to “just a dog”. Now, you have a new career opportunity in another city, and you and they will be moving to another apartment that does not allow pets. You’ve made the right decision for your “family”, but there was a time when I was your only family. People in the animal shelter are attentive to me, but I lost my appetite. At first whenever anyone passed, I rushed to the front, hoping it was you—that this was all a bad dream or I hoped it would at least be someone who cared, anyone who might save me. 36. How did the dog’s owner treat the puppy when it was at a younger age? A. He entertained the puppy with jokes and gestures. B. He treated the puppy as if it were a family member. C. He disciplined the puppy when it made a mess. D. He kept the puppy at a distance for the chewed shoes. 37. Why was the puppy excluded from the room after the babies were born? A. The puppy was tempted by the babies’ pinkness and sweet smell. B. The puppy poses a serious danger to the health and well-being of babies. C. The couple were concerned that the babies would be in danger. D. The master envied the natural affection between the babies and the puppy. 38. What can we infer from the last 3 paragraphs? A. It was hard for the puppy to accept the fact that it was ignored. B. The master had a mixed feeling for the advancement in career. C. The puppy felt relieved for the master’s establishment of a new family. D. It was urgent for the master to give up the puppy and move to another city. 39. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. A Good Heart to Lean on B. New Member of the Family C. The Words of an Abandoned Dog D. Animal Shelter: the Last Home for Puppies B Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips. 1. Stick to a sleep schedule Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to be well rested. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, including weekends. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes of going to bed, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed, but continue to maintain your sleep schedule and wake-up time. 2. Pay attention to what you eat and drink Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Discomfort might keep you up. Caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can interfere with sleep. And even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can disrupt sleep later in the night. 3. Create a restful environment Keep your room cool, dark and quiet. Exposure to light in the evenings might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. 4. Limit daytime naps Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep. Limit naps to no more than one hour and avoid napping late in the day. However, if you work nights, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. 5. Include physical activity in your daily routine Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. However, avoid being active too close to bedtime. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too. 6. Manage worries Try to resolve your worries or concerns before bedtime. Jot down what’s on your mind and then set it aside for tomorrow. Stress management might help. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and delegating tasks. 40. What can be learned from the passage? A. It’s not hard to control the factors interfering with our sleep. B. The longer we sleep, the better we feel. C. It’s better to remain in bed when you fail to fall asleep. D. Stress can contribute to bad sleep. 41. According to the article, which of the following encourages better sleep? A. Do physical exercise before going to bed. B. Drink alcohol to get sleepy. C. Avoid long naps during the day. D. Do some indoor activities. 42. This article is most likely to come from ____________. A. a travel magazine B. an advertisement C. a health magazine D. an informal letter Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Distance or Face-to-Face Learning: What’s the Difference? Although many people think it is a modern phenomenon, distance learning has been around for at least 200 years in one form or another. When comparing the two systems, the first and most obvious area to focus on is the way that learning is delivered. Distance learning is heavily dependent on technology, particularly the internet.____43____In comparison, when learning remotely, technology is the principal means of communication. The flexibility this provides means that students may be better able to learn at their own pace, following their own timetable, but it may also mean that learners have to be well-organized and self-disciplined. They must therefore be highly motivated in order to do well on the distance-learning courses. ____44____. Namely, the teacher is the “knower”, and is responsible for helping students understand the key components of the course. However, the nature of the relationship may differ slightly within the two modes of delivery. With face-to-face learning, the teacher and student have the opportunity to develop a personal relationship through lectures, seminars and tutorials. This is different from a distance-learning course, where the teacher may seldom or indeed never actually meet the student. This may make it hard for teachers to understand their learners’ specific learning needs. ____45____. Generally, students like to meet regularly and talk to people on the same course. However, this kind of interaction on a distance-learning course is less common. Although people can increasingly interact through online conversations and message boards, there is a significant difference between virtual and real interaction. Time and geography must also be considered when contrasting these two types of learning. Face-to-face learning must take place in real time and in one location._____46_____. In conclusion, it is difficult to state whether one form of learning is better than another, as they cater for different audiences. What is important to understand is the different ways in which they operate, and that there are strong similarities between the two systems, which can both produce positive results. A. Historical examples of long-distance learning include students being sent a series of weekly lessons by post. B. On the contrary, distance learning can happen at any time and in any location, since the learning is not restricted by geography. C. On a face-to-face course, students may only require a computer for the purpose of writing an essay. D. The technological advances of the past 20 or so years have meant that distance learning is now able to rival face-to-face learning as a credible alternative. E. For many students, interaction with their peers is one of the best aspects of university education. F. In terms of the teacher-student relationship, the core principles remain the same. Ⅳ. Translation (14%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 47. 他这个人就喜欢在关键时刻惹麻烦。(typical) （汉译英） 48. 我谨代表全班向您表示感谢。(on behalf of)(汉译英) 49. 通过垃圾分类，我们都能为环保事业做出贡献。(contribute) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 50. 毫无疑问，那些经历过艰难困苦的人更明白生命的重要意义。(doubt) (汉译英) Ⅴ. Guided Writing(10%) 51. Directions: Write an English composition in 120 — 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是顾文，你的表弟王伦被一所高中录取了，你写一封信祝贺他。信的内容需包括： 1. 对表弟进入高中表示祝贺； 2. 介绍高中生活和初中生活的异同； 3. 对如何成功地过好高中生活提出自己的建议。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一年级英语学科期中考试试题 (满分100分，考试时间90分钟) Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension (19%) Section A (10%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Professor and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Lecturer and participant. D. Writer and reader. 2. A. She has to finish everyone’s plan before leaving office. B. She doesn’t like to have dinner with colleagues after work. C. Her work duties involve checking everyone’s work and fixing everything. D. She usually gets off work later than others. 3. A. They failed to agree on the meeting place. B. The man forgot about the meeting. C. They got there at different times. D. The woman didn’t arrive on time. 4. A. He is suffering a pain in the neck. B. His roommate’s bed is always in a mess. C. His roommate walks in his sleep. D. He doesn’t like to share a room with anyone. 5. A. At the gift shop. B. At the bakery. C. At the gas station. D. At the restaurant. 6. A. The man may bring too much trouble to his brother. B. The man should not kill birds for fun. C. It is wise of the man to visit his brother while on vacation. D. Dalian is a good spot for vacation in terms of budget. 7. A. It’s better safe than sorry. B. The lady needn’t take a raincoat with her. C. The lady should listen to the weather forecast. D. The weather is unpredictable these days. 8. A. The man will be punished for letting the cat out of the bag. B. She will tell the teacher right now. C. It is no use keeping the secret. D. She is afraid the cat will hurt innocent people. 9. A. She had a great time last night. B. She wished she hadn’t asked so many questions. C. She was too shy to answer the questions in English. D. She didn’t like the experience at the English corner. 10. A. He will pick up the litter from the floor. B. He is not the person responsible for the mess. C. The woman should not point fingers at him. D. The woman should not drop things on the floor. Section B (9%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It is ten times bigger than a baseball field. B. Its residents are all patients and their family members. C. It is an ideal place for old people to live comfortably in. D. People working in the shops are medical staff. 12. A. Cleaning the house. B. Selling goods in the shops. C. Cooking meals. D. Watching TV. 13. A.152. B. 125. C. 250. D. 215. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. By forming study groups in different grades. B. By pairing up older students with younger ones. C. By giving lectures on the importance of friendship. D. By taking advantage of after-school activities. 15. A. It enables the school to better monitor its students. B. It relieves the school of its management responsibility. C. It is beneficial to all participants involved. D. The results have been used to design after-school programs. 16. A. To help new students better adapt to school life. B. To create more extra-curricular activities for students. C. To urge students to pursue their goals in life. D. To encourage students to communicate with the school authorities. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A (10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Travels without internet It may sound hard to believe in this digital age but Yang Hao, a 32-year-old doctoral student studying in the United Kingdom, started on a solo trip the old-fashioned way last year, using a printed map, paying for everything using cash or a bank card, reading train times, and talking to strangers. Over the course of 134 days, he visited 68 counties and cities in 24 provinces and regions ___1___ China, read 40 books, documented his experiences, and used two cameras to record ___2___ he saw. Since his story was posted online, it ___3___(go) viral, triggering widespread discussion and reflection on the modern dependence on technology. ___4___ he foresaw that it would trigger some discussion, the public attention his journey has drawn has exceeded his imagination. Last Nov 27, he set off from Taiyuan with a 40-liter backpack, ___5___ contained clothing, two cameras, maps, his identification card, bank cards, cash, two writing brushes, a bottle of calligraphy ink, a pen, a notebook, and three books. Standing at the Taiyuan Railway Station as his parents saw him off. “It was the first time in my life that both my parents saw me off together. They felt more distant from me without the internet,” Yang says, adding that his parents were likely ___6___(worry) more about him as they couldn’t contact him by phone. Arriving at Linfen, he encountered the first challenge, as without a phone, he couldn’t book a hotel online. Although he showed his ID card and offered to pay cash at the hotel reception, it seemed that without a phone, he could not reserve a room. During the trip, Yang experienced lots of situations like this. At the entrance to the Hubei Provincial Museum in Wuhan, he ___7___(not allow) in because the museum required reservation in advance and he couldn’t reserve a ticket online. Yang wrote his first letter to his parents on the third day. Holding the brush, he struggled to find the right words to start. “Through the traditional way of writing letters to convey my feelings and longing for my family, the distance and the waiting helped me reflect on my relationship with the world,” Yang says. He mailed 40 letters during his trip, and received five replies, which have become treasured memories. Yang returned to Taiyuan on April 9. His mother welcomed him with a bowl of noodles in accordance with the Chinese saying “Dumplings for departure, and noodles for return”. With the noodles ___8___(warm) his belly, Yang felt that his journey had come to an end. ___9___ he first saw his phone and computer, which had been lying unused for more than four months, he didn’t want to turn them on, ____10____ he had become used to a quiet, peaceful life without the internet. 【答案】1. across 2. what 3. has gone 4. Although 5. which 6. to worry 7. wasn’t allowed 8. warming 9. When 10. because 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了32岁的英国博士生杨淏没有网络的独自旅行经历。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：在134天的时间里，他走遍了中国24个省区的68个县市，读了40本书，记录了自己的经历，并用两台相机记录了他的所见所闻。根据句意以及空后China为名词可知，此处为介词across表示“从一边到另一边，横过，穿过”，满足句意要求。故填across。 【2题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在134天的时间里，他走遍了中国24个省区的68个县市，读了40本书，记录了自己的经历，并用两台相机记录了他的所见所闻。此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语成分，意为“看到的东西”。故填what。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自从他的故事被传到网上后，就迅速传播开来，引发了人们对现代社会对科技依赖的广泛讨论和反思。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据Since可知，此处为现在完成时，结合主语it为第三人称单数，所以为动词三单形式。故填has gone。 【4题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管他预见到这将引发一些讨论，但他的旅程所引起的公众关注超出了他的想象。根据句意可知，此处为连词Although表示“尽管”引导的让步状语从句，满足句意要求。故填Although。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：去年11月27日，他带着一个40升的背包从太原出发，背包里装着衣服、两台相机、地图、身份证、银行卡、现金、两支毛笔、一瓶书法墨水、一支笔、一本笔记本和三本书。此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词backpack在从句中作主语成分。故填which。 【6题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：他还说，他的父母可能更担心他，因为他们无法通过电话联系到他。此处为动词短语be likely to do“很可能做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to worry。 【7题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在武汉的湖北省博物馆入口处，他没有被允许进入，因为博物馆需要提前预订，而他无法在网上预订门票。此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上下文时态可知，此处为陈述过去发生的事情，主语he和动词allow为被动关系，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填wasn’t allowed。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：面条温暖了他的肚子，杨淏觉得他的旅程已经结束了。此处为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式，warm和宾语the noodles为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填warming。 【9题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：当他第一次看到他的手机和电脑时，他已经闲置了四个多月，他不想打开它们，因为他已经习惯了没有互联网的安静、和平的生活。，此处为连词when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，满足句意要求。故填When。 【10题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：当他第一次看到他的手机和电脑时，他已经闲置了四个多月，他不想打开它们，因为他已经习惯了没有互联网的安静、和平的生活。根据上下句句意可知，此处为连词because表示“因为”引导的原因状语从句，满足句意逻辑要求。故填because。 Section B (10%) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. challenge B. originally C. routines D. collective E. stepping F. drawn G. defence H. maintain I. Ultimately J. shared K. pays In today’s rapidly changing world, it is essential to ___11___ a positive attitude and respect for diverse perspectives. We often find ourselves in typical ___12___, where we earn our living and respond to daily challenges. However, life is more than just a series of tasks; it is an adventure that inspires us to connect with others and to inspire them in return. Communities play a crucial role in shaping our experiences. On behalf of those who strive for improvement, it is important to recognize the aspects that contribute to a thriving environment. In terms of social dynamics, we share a variety of values and challenges, including the pressing issue of poverty. Addressing such matters requires ___13___ efforts and a commitment to uplift one another. It ___14___ to engage actively in community initiatives, as these efforts can lead to significant improvements. Reflecting on our contributions, we can identify what we have in common with others. This ___15___ understanding not only builds pride but also helps settle any feelings of embarrassment regarding our differences. While it is natural to feel ashamed of certain past actions, it is vital to remain focused on the opportunities for growth. By connecting individuals to resources and support, we can foster an environment that encourages respect and mutual admiration. In every community, there are historic sites that serve as reminders of our shared past. These former landmarks hold stories and lessons that can inspire future generations. ___16___ established as places of significance, they continue to feature in our cultural narratives. When we admire these sites, we also acknowledge the importance of preserving history for the sake of future opportunities. Moreover, being ___17___ to certain activities or organizations within the community can lead to energetic participation. Whether it’s volunteering, attending workshops, or engaging in local arts, these endeavors allow us to explore our interests and contribute to something larger than ourselves. In case you are wondering how to get involved, many communities have outreach programs designed to connect people with opportunities that match their skills and passions. As we navigate through life, it is essential to take a moment to reflect on our journeys. Each ___18___ we face contributes to our growth and understanding of the world. Although we may encounter disappointment along the way, it is crucial to view these experiences as ___19___ stones rather than setbacks. By maintaining a proactive stance, we can inspire others to embark on their adventures, knowing they have a supportive community behind them. ___20___, the connections we build within our communities are invaluable. By working together, respecting each other’s experiences, and embracing our unique perspectives, we can create a vibrant environment that enriches all our lives. Let us continue to inspire and uplift each other, ensuring that future generations will also benefit from the foundations we build today. 【答案】11. H 12. C 13. D 14. K 15. J 16. B 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. I 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章指出，群体在每个人的人生中都扮演着重要的角色，置身于群体之中，我们要努力建立联系，尊重他人的经历和不同观点，互相帮助、互相鼓舞。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：在如今瞬息万变的世界上，保持积极的态度并且对不同的观点表示尊重，是非常重要的。空处与其前to构成不定式，需要动词原形，结合其后宾语a positive attitude推知，应用maintain表示“保持，维持”。故选H。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们经常发现自己处于一贯的常规中，我们就按这种常规谋生并应对日常挑战。空处作in的宾语，需要名词，且作为其后where引导的定语从句的先行词，由定语从句的内容“where we earn our living and respond to daily challenges”可知，应用routines表示“常规，惯例，生活习惯”。故选C。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：解决这些问题需要集体努力和相互提升的承诺。空处作定语修饰空后的efforts，结合本段首句“Communities play a crucial role in shaping our experiences.”推知，这里表达群体的重要作用，应用collective表示“集体的（努力）”。故选D。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：积极参与社区倡议是有益的，因为这些努力可以带来重大提升。空处需要谓语动词，且时态与全文保持一致，为一般现在时，应用第三人称单数形式。这里符合it作形式主语，结合真正的主语to engage actively in community initiatives以及后面as引导的原因状语从句可知，应用pays表示“受益，划算”。故选K。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这种共同的理解不仅建立了自豪感，也有助于解决我们对差异的任何窘迫之感。空处作定语修饰understanding，由前句可知，这里的This understanding应指“we can identify what we have in common with others”，应用shared表示“共同的，共有的”。故选J。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：它们最初被确立为具有重要意义的地方，现在仍在我们的文化叙事中占据重要地位。空后established是非谓语动词，以过去分词形式作状语，空处修饰established，需要副词，主句主语they指的是上文中提到的historic sites，结合主句的谓语动词continue可知，应用originally表示“起初，一开始”。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：此外，被社区内的某些活动或组织所吸引，可以带来积极的参与。空处前有be动词，考虑被动语态，需要动词的过去分词形式，结合其后to的宾语certain activities or organizations以及该句中谓语部分can lead to引出的结果energetic participation推知，应用drawn表示“（人们）被活动或组织吸引（从而积极参与）”。故选F。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们面临的每次挑战都对我们的成长以及对世界的理解有所贡献。空处作主语，其前有表示单数概念的each，需要可数名词单数，其后有省略that引导的定语从句，结合上一句交代的本段主题“it is essential to take a moment to reflect on our journeys”推知，回顾人生旅途，是一次次的挑战让我们进步、成长，应用challenge表示“挑战”。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：尽管可能在路途上遇到失望，但把这些经历看作垫脚石而非阻碍是非常重要的。空处作定语修饰名词stones，结合句意以及rather than连接的对比对象setbacks可知，应用stepping stones表示“垫脚石”。故选E。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意：最后，我们在自己的群体中建立起来的联系是无价的。空处用逗号与主句隔开，需要副词作状语，本段是最后一段，在文章结构上起总结全文的作用，应用ultimately表示“最终，最后”。故选I。 III. Reading Comprehension (37%) Section A(15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Deliverance(解救) for Delivery Drivers? ZOOOOOOOOM!!! A gust of air, the hum of spinning wheels, and a flash of color whizzing past. I’m sure that we have all stepped into the crosswalk, at one time or another, and experienced this sudden, heart-stopping ___21___. I am, of course, referring to delivery drivers ___22___ through crossroads to deliver takeaway food. Over the past few years, delivery drivers have been criticized, fined, and even ___23___ for breaking traffic laws across China. Delivery drivers often ___24___ red lights, disregard speed limits, and pay little attention to pedestrian crossings. But they also often pay the ___25___ price — each year, it seems like fatal injuries involving delivery drivers are increasing. ___26___, since delivery drivers are usually poorly paid, how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock? Well, it ___27___ to be a complicated issue. Recently an article titled “Delivery Drivers, Stuck in the System” was shared widely on social media. According to the article, ___28___ between delivery services Ele.me and Meituan has caused each app to take increasingly extreme measures to out-do(超过) the other. This has included the shortening of delivery time windows. It has been ___29___, in part, through a combination of rewards for early delivery and severe punishments for late delivery. Over time, the platforms have only increased these ___30___ on drivers. As a result, drivers find themselves in a dilemma(左右两难的困境)：break traffic laws or, in some cases, lose hundreds of yuan in earnings for late deliveries. According to surveys and reactions online, ___31___ care much whether their deliveries are a few minutes late, while most believe that it is not worth risking someone’s life for. In response, Ele.me and Meituan have added a combination of features to ___32___ delivery times for slow elevators or bad weather conditions. Although these new ___33___ cannot solve the underlying problems of intense competition or the inherent dangers of driving, they should, in some measure, start reducing some of the pressure on drivers. In the meantime, as ___34___, we can help to make life for delivery riders safer and easier. ___35___, be a considerate person and don’t leave them waiting for too long. If you see a food delivery guy rushing toward you on an escalator or into a door, consider standing back and letting him go first. After all, they are putting their lives on the line just to deliver our food. 21. A. fright B. delight C. pain D. sorrow 22. A. running B. walking C. rushing D. wandering 23. A. arrested B. fired C. blamed D. praised 24. A. destroy B. ignore C. observe D. interrupt 25. A. everlasting B. dramatic C. slight D. final 26. A. However B. Namely C. Indeed D. Surprisingly 27. A. decides B. refuses C. turns out D. takes turns 28. A. comparison B. contrast C. competition D. cooperation 29. A. adapted B. achieved C. adopted D. assumed 30. A. motivations B. advantages C. pressures D. skills 31. A. some B. few C. many D. we 32. A. reduce B. expand C. narrow D. extend 33. A. actions B. behaviors C. features D. conditions 34. A. humans B. consumers C. friends D. taxpayers 35. A. In one word B. As a result C. For example D. On the contrary 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章分析外卖员快速行驶，闯红灯等的现象，呼吁外卖公司和顾客多站在他们安全角度，做些措施减少他们压力。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我敢肯定，我们都曾一度踏入人行横道，经历过这种突如其来的、令人心跳停止的恐惧。A. fright惊吓；B. delight喜悦；C. pain疼痛；D. sorrow悲伤。由前文“heart-stopping”以及语境可知，突如其来的车是一个让人停止心跳的“惊吓”。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我指的是外卖员匆匆穿过十字路口，送外卖。A. running跑；B. walking走；C. rushing冲；D. wandering徘徊。由前文“a flash of color whizzing past”可知，外卖员是匆匆地“冲”过十字路口。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去几年中，外卖员因违反中国各地的交通法规而受到批评、罚款，甚至被捕。A. arrested逮捕；B. fired解雇；C. blamed指责；D. praised称赞。由后文 “breaking traffic laws”可知，违反法律，所以他们可能被“逮捕”。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：外卖员常常无视红灯，无视速度限制，也很少注意人行横道。A. destroy摧毁；B. ignore忽略；C. observe观察；D. interrupt打断。由前文“breaking traffic laws ”可知，他们可能“忽略”红灯而直接闯过去。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们也经常付出巨大的代价——每年，外卖员的致命伤害似乎都在增加。A. everlasting永远的；B. dramatic戏剧性的，巨大的；C. slight轻微的；D. final最终的。由后文“it seems like fatal injuries involving delivery drivers are increasing”可知，这代价是“巨大的”。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于外卖员的工资通常很低，他们真的应该为争分夺秒而受到多少责备？A. However然而；B. Namely即,也就是；C. Indeed的确；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。由后文“how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock?”以及后文语境可知，虽然外卖员做了很多不顾自己和路人安全的事，“然而”，这并不完全是他们的责任。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这结果是一个复杂的问题。A. decides决定；B. refuses拒绝；C. turns out结果是；D. takes turns轮流进行。由前文“how much blame do they really deserve for running against the clock?”可知，针对这个问题，研究表明这“结果是”复杂问题。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：文章称，外卖服务饿了么和美团之间的竞争导致每一款应用都采取了越来越极端的措施来超越其他应用。A. comparison.比较；B. contrast对比；C. competition竞争；D. cooperation合作。由后文“take increasingly extreme measures to out-do the other”可知，是“竞争”导致外卖平台不断想超越对方。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这在一定程度上是通过对提前交付的奖励和对延迟交付的严厉惩罚相结合的方式实现的。A. adapted.改编；B. achieved实现；C. adopted采用；D. assumed假定。由前文“This has included the shortening of delivery time windows.”以及语境可知，根据外卖员现状来看，通过压迫外卖员而缩短送货时间这目的是“实现”了的。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这些平台只会增加驾驶员的压力。A. motivations动机；B. advantages优点；C. pressures压力；D. skills技能。由前文“This has included the shortening of delivery time windows.”可知，平台把“压力”施加给外卖员了。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：根据网上的调查和反应，很少有人关心他们的送货是否晚了几分钟，而大多数人认为这不值得冒生命危险。A. some一些；B. few很少；C. many许多；D. we我们。由后文“while most believe that it is not worth risking someone’s life for.”以及其中while表转折可知，“很少”顾客在意晚几分钟。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，饿了么和美团增加了一系列特点，以延长慢电梯或恶劣天气条件下的交付时间。A. reduce减少；B. expand展开；C. narrow 使...变窄；D. extend延长。由“ In response”可知，外卖平台也采取了措施改善外卖员现状，比如特殊情况“延长”配送时间。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管这些新特点不能解决激烈竞争的潜在问题或驾驶的固有危险，但在某种程度上，它们应该开始减轻外卖员的一些压力。A. actions行动；B. behaviors行为；C. features特征，特点；D. conditions条件。由上文“Ele.me and Meituan have added a combination of features”可知，这里指上面的这些新“特点”。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查介词词组辨析。句意：与此同时，作为消费者，我们可以帮助外卖骑手的生活更安全、更轻松。A. humans人类；B. consumers消费者；C. friends朋友；D. taxpayers纳税人。由后文“deliver our food”可知，这里作者讲我们作为“消费者”应该怎么做。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查词义辨析。句意：例如，做一个体贴的人，不要让他们等太久。A. In one word总之；B. As a result因此；C. For example例如；D. On the contrary相反地。由后文“ be a considerate person and don’t leave them waiting for too long. ”可知，作者这里在“举例”说明我们作为消费者可以做什么事减少外卖员压力。故选C项。 Section B(14%) Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A When I was a puppy, I entertained you and made you laugh. You called me your child, and despite a number of chewed shoes and a couple of murdered pillows, I became your best friend. Whenever I was “bad”, you’d shake your finger at me and ask “How could you?”—but then you rolled me over for a belly (腹部) rub. I remember those nights of rubbing you in bed and listening to your secret dreams, and I believed that life could not be any more perfect. Gradually, you began spending more time at work and on your career, and more time searching for a human mate. She, now your wife, is not a “dog person”—still I welcomed her into our home, tried to show her affection, and obeyed her. I was happy because you were happy. Then the human babies came along and I shared your excitement. I was fascinated by the pinkness, how they smelled, and I wanted to mother them, too. Only she and you worried that I might hurt them, and I spent most of my time in another room. There had been a time, when others asked you if you had a dog, that you produced a photo of me from your wallet and told them stories about me. These past few years, you just answered “yes” and changed the subject. I had gone from being “your dog” to “just a dog”. Now, you have a new career opportunity in another city, and you and they will be moving to another apartment that does not allow pets. You’ve made the right decision for your “family”, but there was a time when I was your only family. People in the animal shelter are attentive to me, but I lost my appetite. At first whenever anyone passed, I rushed to the front, hoping it was you—that this was all a bad dream or I hoped it would at least be someone who cared, anyone who might save me. 36. How did the dog’s owner treat the puppy when it was at a younger age? A. He entertained the puppy with jokes and gestures. B. He treated the puppy as if it were a family member. C. He disciplined the puppy when it made a mess. D. He kept the puppy at a distance for the chewed shoes. 37. Why was the puppy excluded from the room after the babies were born? A. The puppy was tempted by the babies’ pinkness and sweet smell. B. The puppy poses a serious danger to the health and well-being of babies. C. The couple were concerned that the babies would be in danger. D. The master envied the natural affection between the babies and the puppy. 38. What can we infer from the last 3 paragraphs? A. It was hard for the puppy to accept the fact that it was ignored. B. The master had a mixed feeling for the advancement in career. C. The puppy felt relieved for the master’s establishment of a new family. D. It was urgent for the master to give up the puppy and move to another city. 39. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. A Good Heart to Lean on B. New Member of the Family C. The Words of an Abandoned Dog D. Animal Shelter: the Last Home for Puppies 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一只忠诚但被遗弃的狗在讲述自己从小到大和主人在一起的点点滴滴的故事，主人对小狗疼爱有加，工作之余陪着小狗一起进行室内训练，带着小狗一起去公园散步，骑车，吃冰激凌,慢慢地主人的工作越来越忙，小狗见证了主人娶妻生子的整个历程，分享主人的幸福和喜悦．如今，主人要去另外一个城市从事新的工作，他们要搬到一个不允许带宠物的公寓里去，小狗表现了对主人依依不舍的感情。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段“When I was a puppy, I entertained you and made you laugh. You called me your child, and despite a number of chewed shoes and a couple of murdered pillows, I became your best friend. Whenever I was “bad”, you’d shake your finger at me and ask “How could you?”—but then you rolled me over for a belly (腹部) rub”可知，当我还是一只小狗的时候，我的顽皮滑稽每每惹来你发笑，为你带来欢乐。你把我叫做你的孩子，虽然家里许多鞋子和一些靠枕都被我咬得残缺不全，我依然是你最好的朋友。无论什么时候我干了“坏”事，你总会对我摇摇手指说：“你怎么可以这样呢？”不过最后你都会原谅我，把我扑倒然后搓我的肚皮。所以通过小狗的回忆可以看出，小狗的主人在小狗年幼时把小狗当家人一样对待。故B选项正确。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段“Only she and you worried that I might hurt them, and I spent most of my time in another room.”可知，小狗的主人夫妇害怕他弄伤婴儿，所以整天把小狗关在另一间房间里。所以是因为这对夫妇担心孩子会有危险。故C选项正确。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。由第三段“There had been a time, when others asked you if you had a dog, that you produced a photo of me from your wallet and told them stories about me. These past few years, you just answered “yes” and changed the subject. I had gone from being “your dog” to “just a dog”.”可知，曾几何时，人们问起你家里有没有宠物时，你总是毫不迟疑地从包里掏出我的照片，向他们娓娓道出我的轶事。可是，近几年有人问起同一个问题，你却只是冷冷地回答“是”，随即就转向别的话题。我已经从“你的狗儿”变成只是“一条狗”了。所以通过小狗主人态度的对比，我们能从倒数三段中推断出小狗很难接受自己被忽视的事实。故A选项正确。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，一只忠诚但被遗弃的狗在讲述自己从小到大和主人在一起的点点滴滴的故事，主人对小狗疼爱有加，工作之余陪着小狗一起进行室内训练，带着小狗一起去公园散步，骑车，吃冰激凌，慢慢地主人的工作越来越忙，小狗见证了主人娶妻生子的整个历程，分享主人的幸福和喜悦．如今，主人要得另外一个城市从事新的工作，他们要搬到一个不允许带宠物的公寓里去，小狗表现了对主人依依不舍的感情。所以短文都是围绕着“一只被遗弃的狗说的话”而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“一只被遗弃的狗说的话”。故C选项正确。 【点睛】通过对事物的对比或者比较是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法，通过对事物的对比，能够判断出事物的不同点，差距等，意在突出对方的优点或者缺点，或者判断出作者的态度，或者反映出一定的事实。 由第三段“There had been a time, when others asked you if you had a dog, that you produced a photo of me from your wallet and told them stories about me. These past few years, you just answered “yes” and changed the subject. I had gone from being “your dog” to “just a dog”.”可知，曾几何时，人们问起你家里有没有宠物时，你总是毫不迟疑地从包里掏出我的照片，向他们娓娓道出我的轶事。可是，近几年有人问起同一个问题，你却只是冷冷地回答“是”，随即就转向别的话题。我已经从“你的狗儿”变成只是“一条狗”了。所以通过小狗主人态度的对比，我们能从倒数三段中推断出小狗很难接受自己被忽视的事实。故小题3的正确选项为A选项。 B Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips. 1. Stick to a sleep schedule Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to be well rested. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, including weekends. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes of going to bed, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed, but continue to maintain your sleep schedule and wake-up time. 2. Pay attention to what you eat and drink Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Discomfort might keep you up. Caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can interfere with sleep. And even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can disrupt sleep later in the night. 3. Create a restful environment Keep your room cool, dark and quiet. Exposure to light in the evenings might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep. 4. Limit daytime naps Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep. Limit naps to no more than one hour and avoid napping late in the day. However, if you work nights, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt. 5. Include physical activity in your daily routine Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. However, avoid being active too close to bedtime. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too. 6. Manage worries Try to resolve your worries or concerns before bedtime. Jot down what’s on your mind and then set it aside for tomorrow. Stress management might help. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and delegating tasks. 40. What can be learned from the passage? A. It’s not hard to control the factors interfering with our sleep. B. The longer we sleep, the better we feel. C. It’s better to remain in bed when you fail to fall asleep. D. Stress can contribute to bad sleep. 41. According to the article, which of the following encourages better sleep? A. Do physical exercise before going to bed. B. Drink alcohol to get sleepy. C. Avoid long naps during the day. D. Do some indoor activities. 42. This article is most likely to come from ____________. A. a travel magazine B. an advertisement C. a health magazine D. an informal letter 【答案】40. D 41. C 42. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于睡眠的建议。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses.(从工作压力、家庭责任到疾病，很多因素都会影响一个好的睡眠)”可知，压力会导致睡眠不好，故选D。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep.(白天小睡时间过长会影响夜间睡眠)”可知，白天避免长时间小睡可以促进更好的睡眠。故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips.(从工作压力、家庭责任到疾病，很多因素都会影响一个好的睡眠。你可能无法控制干扰你睡眠的因素。然而，你可以养成促进更好睡眠的习惯。从这些简单的建议开始吧)”可推知，文章可能选自健康杂志。故选C。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Distance or Face-to-Face Learning: What’s the Difference? Although many people think it is a modern phenomenon, distance learning has been around for at least 200 years in one form or another. When comparing the two systems, the first and most obvious area to focus on is the way that learning is delivered. Distance learning is heavily dependent on technology, particularly the internet.____43____In comparison, when learning remotely, technology is the principal means of communication. The flexibility this provides means that students may be better able to learn at their own pace, following their own timetable, but it may also mean that learners have to be well-organized and self-disciplined. They must therefore be highly motivated in order to do well on the distance-learning courses. ____44____. Namely, the teacher is the “knower”, and is responsible for helping students understand the key components of the course. However, the nature of the relationship may differ slightly within the two modes of delivery. With face-to-face learning, the teacher and student have the opportunity to develop a personal relationship through lectures, seminars and tutorials. This is different from a distance-learning course, where the teacher may seldom or indeed never actually meet the student. This may make it hard for teachers to understand their learners’ specific learning needs. ____45____. Generally, students like to meet regularly and talk to people on the same course. However, this kind of interaction on a distance-learning course is less common. Although people can increasingly interact through online conversations and message boards, there is a significant difference between virtual and real interaction. Time and geography must also be considered when contrasting these two types of learning. Face-to-face learning must take place in real time and in one location._____46_____. In conclusion, it is difficult to state whether one form of learning is better than another, as they cater for different audiences. What is important to understand is the different ways in which they operate, and that there are strong similarities between the two systems, which can both produce positive results. A. Historical examples of long-distance learning include students being sent a series of weekly lessons by post. B. On the contrary, distance learning can happen at any time and in any location, since the learning is not restricted by geography. C. On a face-to-face course, students may only require a computer for the purpose of writing an essay. D. The technological advances of the past 20 or so years have meant that distance learning is now able to rival face-to-face learning as a credible alternative. E. For many students, interaction with their peers is one of the best aspects of university education. F. In terms of the teacher-student relationship, the core principles remain the same. 【答案】43. D 44. F 45. E 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。从三个方面介绍了远程学习和面对面学习的不同点。 【43题详解】 前文“Distance learning is heavily dependent on technology, particularly the internet. (远程教育在很大程度上依赖于技术，尤其是互联网)”介绍远程教育依赖互联网的事实。后文“In comparison, when learning remotely, technology is the principal means of communication. (比之下，远程学习时，技术是主要的交流手段)”介绍远程教育，技术是关键的事实。结合选项，D项“The technological advances of the past 20 or so years have meant that distance learning is now able to rival face-to-face learning as a credible alternative.(过去20年左右的技术进步意味着，作为一种可靠的选择，远程学习现在已经能够与面对面的学习相媲美)”承上启下，都是在强调技术的进步对远程学习的重要作用和意义：技术的进步使得远程学习可以和面对面的学习相媲美。故选D。 【44题详解】 分析篇章结构，空处应为本段中心句。后文“Namely, the teacher is the “knower”, and is responsible for helping students understand the key components of the course. However, the nature of the relationship may differ slightly within the two modes of delivery. (也就是说，老师是“知者”，负责帮助学生理解课程的关键部分。然而，在两种交付模式中，这种关系的性质可能略有不同)”介绍老师和学生之间是怎样的关系以及远程学习和面对面学习情况下，师生关系可能的变化。结合选项，F项“In terms of the teacher-student relationship, the core principles remain the same.(在师生关系方面，核心原则保持不变)”同样是介绍师生关系，不管学习形式如何变化，但是核心原则不变。引起下文。故选F。 【45题详解】 分析篇章结构，空处应为本段中心句。根据后文“Generally, students like to meet regularly and talk to people on the same course. owever, this kind of interaction on a distance-learning course is less common.(一般来说，学生们喜欢定期见面，和同一门课的人交谈。然而，这种互动在远程学习课程中并不常见)”介绍面对面学习和远程学习对学生互动的影响。结合选项，E项“For many students, interaction with their peers is one of the best aspects of university education.(对许多学生来说，与同龄人互动是大学教育中最好的方面之一)”总领本段，学生之间的互动性是教育的最好的一方面。引起下文，后文介绍两种学习方式对学生互动的影响。故选E。 【46题详解】 前文“Face-to-face learning must take place in real time and in one location. (面对面的学习必须在一个地点实时进行)”介绍面对面学习必须在某个地点进行。结合选项，B项“On the contrary, distance learning can happen at any time and in any location, since the learning is not restricted by geography.(相反，远程学习可以发生在任何时间和任何地点，因为学习不受地理限制)”介绍远程学习时，交流是不受地点限制的。与前文形成对照关系。故选B。 Ⅳ. Translation (14%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 47. 他这个人就喜欢在关键时刻惹麻烦。(typical) （汉译英） 【答案】It is typical of him to make trouble at critical moments. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“某人的典型行为”使用固定结构it is typical of sb to do sth，该结构中，it为形式主语，to do不定式作真正的主语，表示“典型的，一贯如此的”用形容词typical。表示“惹麻烦”用make trouble；表示“在关键时刻”用at critical moments。故翻译为It is typical of him to make trouble at critical moments. 48. 我谨代表全班向您表示感谢。(on behalf of)(汉译英) 【答案】On behalf of the whole class, I would like to express our gratitude to you. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。“谨代表”是固定短语on behalf of，“全班”是the whole class，“向您表示感谢”是express our gratitude to you，句子可理解为“我想要向您表示感谢”，因此用would like to do，结合其他汉语提示，故答案为On behalf of the whole class, I would like to express our gratitude to you. 49. 通过垃圾分类，我们都能为环保事业做出贡献。(contribute) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】By sorting rubbish, we can all contribute to the cause of environmental protection. 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语、动词短语、名词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“通过垃圾分类”应为介词短语By sorting rubbish；表示“为……作出贡献”应为动词短语contribute to；表示“环保事业”应为名词短语the cause of environmental protection；结合句意可知，该句为描述一般事实，为一般现在时。故翻译为By sorting rubbish, we can all contribute to the cause of environmental protection. 50. 毫无疑问，那些经历过艰难困苦的人更明白生命的重要意义。(doubt) (汉译英) 【答案】There is no doubt that those who have experienced hardships understand the significance of life better. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句、时态和固定句型。分析可知，本句描述客观真理，主要使用一般现在时。表示“毫无疑问”用固定句型there is no doubt that…，that引导同位语从句；表示从句中主语“那些经历过艰难困苦的人”为those who have experienced hardships，who引导的限制性定语从句修饰指人的先行词those，从句中用现在完成时，表示过去的经历对现在的影响，注意主谓一致；表示谓语部分“明白生命的重要意义”为understand the significance of life，主语为复数，主谓一致，谓语动词用原形；表示“更”为well的比较级better。句首字母大写，故翻译为There is no doubt that those who have experienced hardships understand the significance of life better. Ⅴ. Guided Writing(10%) 51. Directions: Write an English composition in 120 — 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是顾文，你的表弟王伦被一所高中录取了，你写一封信祝贺他。信的内容需包括： 1. 对表弟进入高中表示祝贺； 2. 介绍高中生活和初中生活的异同； 3. 对如何成功地过好高中生活提出自己的建议。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear Wang Lun, Thrilled at the news of your admission into a senior high school, I can’t wait to write to congratulate you and share some tips for a smooth and meaningful high school life. You should know that the life in a senior high school is apparently different from that in a middle school, and you might be at a loss without recognizing it. The top three differences are faster pace, heavier workload and greater demand for overall abilities. You reap what you sow. Learn to be smart, efficient as well as all-round, and you are sure to make your senior high school life full and motivating. Furthermore, I am convinced that the qualities you develop during your senior high school, which may include self-discipline, responsibility, and perseverance, are the crucial ingredients to tap your potential in the future. Warm regards, Gu Wen 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给表弟王伦写信，祝贺他被一所高中录取，为他介绍高中生活和初中生活的异同，并给他提供如何成功地过好高中生活的建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 对……感到兴奋：be thrilled at→be excited at, be exhilarated at 有意义的：meaningful→significant, purposeful 明显地：apparently→evidently, obviously, clearly 意识到：recognize→realize, discern, notice 全面的：overall→comprehensive, all-round 此外：furthermore→in addition, additionally, moreover 包括：include→incorporate, involve 关键的：crucial→essential, significant, vital 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thrilled at the news of your admission into a senior high school, I can’t wait to write to congratulate you and share some tips for a smooth and meaningful high school life. 拓展句：Thrilled at the news that you were admitted into a senior high school, I can’t wait to write to congratulate you and share some tips for a smooth and meaningful high school life. 【点睛】[高分句型1] You should know that the life in a senior high school is apparently different from that in a middle school, and you might be at a loss without recognizing it. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] You reap what you sow. (运用了英文俗语) [高分句型3] Furthermore, I am convinced that the qualities you develop during your senior high school, which may include self-discipline, responsibility, and perseverance, are the crucial ingredients to tap your potential in the future. (运用了that引导宾语从句、省略关系代词的限制性定语从句和关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $