第9讲 中考必考语法专项(冠词)-2025年精编中考英语语法高效提分宝典

2024-11-05
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第9讲 冠词 一、考情分析 (一)考情分析 1.考查频率较高 冠词是中考英语的重要语法点之一,在各地中考中出现的频率较高,几乎是每年必考内容。 2.重点突出 主要考查不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)的用法以及零冠词的情况。其中,不定冠词和定冠词的用法是考查重点,需要考生准确理解和掌握在不同语境下的正确使用。 3.语境理解要求高 题目通常会设置具体的语境,要求考生根据语境来判断使用哪种冠词或是否使用冠词,这不仅考查了考生对冠词基本用法的掌握,还考查了考生对语境的理解和分析能力。 (二)常见题型 1.单项选择题 这是冠词考查的最常见题型。给出一个句子,让考生在四个选项中选择正确的冠词来填空。 例如:There is ______ “h” in the word “hour”, but ______ “h” doesn't make a sound.(2023 年某地区中考题) 答案:an;the。 解析:第一个空,“h” 的发音是 [eɪtʃ],是以元音音素开头的,所以用不定冠词 “an”;第二个空,这里的 “h” 是上文已经提到过的,所以用定冠词 “the” 来特指。 2.完形填空题:在文章中留出一些空白,让考生根据上下文的逻辑和语境选择正确的冠词填空。这种题型对考生的综合语言运用能力要求较高。 例如:I saw ______ interesting film last night. ______ film was about a brave boy.(2022 年某地区中考模拟题) 答案:an;The。 解析:第一个空,“interesting” 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用 “an”;第二个空,后面的 “film” 是第二次提到,指的是上文提到的那部电影,所以用定冠词 “the”。 3.短文改错题:给出一篇短文,其中可能会有冠词使用错误的地方,让考生找出并改正。这种题型考查考生对冠词用法的掌握是否准确和熟练。 例如:I have a cat. A cat is black and white.(2021 年某地区中考真题改编) 答案:把 “A” 改为 “The”。 解析:第一句中提到了 “a cat”,表示有一只猫,第二句中再次提到这只猫时,应该用定冠词 “the” 来特指。 二、考点分析 (一)冠词的定义和分类 1.定义 冠词是一种虚词,用于限定名词,说明名词所指的人或事物是泛指还是特指。 2.分类 (1)不定冠词:a 和 an,用于泛指,表示 “一个(件、条……)”。 (2)定冠词:the,用于特指,表示 “这个 / 这些、那个 / 那些”。 (二)不定冠词的用法辨析 1.a 和 an 的区别 (1)a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前 这里的辅音音素是指发音,而不是字母。 例如:a book(一本书),book发音 [bʊk],开头是辅音音素 [b]; a university(一所大学),university虽然以元音字母 u 开头,但发音 [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti],开头是辅音音素 [j],所以用 a。 (2)an 用于元音音素开头的单词前 例如:an apple(一个苹果),apple发音[ˈæpl],开头是元音音素[æ]; an hour(一个小时),hour发音[ˈaʊə(r)],开头是元音音素[aʊ],所以用 an。 2.不定冠词的常见用法 (1)表示数量 “一” 用于可数名词单数前,强调数量为一个。 例如:I have a pen.(我有一支钢笔。) (2)泛指某一类人或事物中的一个 用于首次提到的人或事物,代表这类事物中的一个。 例如:A dog is a loyal animal.(狗是一种忠诚的动物。) (3)用于某些固定搭配中 例如:a little(一点儿)、a few(几个)、a lot of(许多)、have a cold(感冒)、take a walk(散步)等。在这些短语中,不定冠词的使用是固定的,帮助构成特定的语义。 (三)定冠词的用法辨析 1.特指双方都明白的人或事物 在对话或特定情境中明确指代对象 例如:Please close the door.(请把门关上。) 这里说话者和听话者都知道指的是哪扇门。 2.上文提到过的人或事物 用于第二次及以后提及同一事物时 例如:I saw a book on the desk. The book is very interesting.(我看见桌子上有一本书。这本书很有意思。) 第一次提到 “book” 用 a,第二次提到同一本书就用 the。 3.用于世界上独一无二的事物前 如太阳、月亮、地球等 例如:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。) The earth is our home.(地球是我们的家园。) 4.用于序数词和形容词最高级前 表示顺序和程度最高的情况 序数词前:He is the first to come.(他是第一个来的。) 最高级前:She is the tallest girl in our class.(她是我们班最高的女孩。) 5.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前 如国家、机构、建筑物等的名称 the United States(美国)、the Great Wall(长城)、the United Nations(联合国)等。 这些专有名词如果没有定冠词,其意义可能会改变或者不明确。 6.用于乐器名称前 表示演奏某种乐器 例如:She can play the piano.(她会弹钢琴。) 7.用于某些形容词前表示一类人 如 the rich(富人)、the poor(穷人)、the old(老人)等 这些短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。 例如:The rich often help the poor.(富人经常帮助穷人。) (四)零冠词(不用冠词)的情况 1.复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时 强调类别而非个体 例如:Dogs are friendly animals.(狗是友好的动物。) Water is important for life.(水对生命很重要。) 2.在季节、月份、星期、节日等名词前 表示时间概念本身,而非特指某一时期 例如:Spring is my favorite season.(春天是我最喜欢的季节。) We celebrate Christmas in December.(我们在十二月庆祝圣诞节。) 3.在球类、棋类等运动名称前 强调运动本身而非某个具体的球或棋盘等 例如:We play football after school.(我们放学后踢足球。) He likes playing chess.(他喜欢下棋。) 4.在一日三餐名称前 如果不是特指某一顿饭,不用冠词 例如:I have breakfast at 7 o'clock.(我七点吃早餐。) 但如果是特指某一顿饭,要用定冠词 例如The breakfast I had this morning was delicious.(我今天早上吃的早餐很好吃。) (五)中考考查重点 1.冠词的辨析 在选择题、完形填空等题型中考查不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别,以及零冠词的情况 例如:—Do you have ______ pen? —Yes, I have one. A. a B. an 答案是 A,因为pen发音以辅音音素开头。 ______ sun is much bigger than ______ earth. A. A; the B. The; the) 答案是 B,因为 “sun” 和 “earth” 都是世界上独一无二的事物,要用定冠词。 2.冠词在句子中的语法功能 在语法填空、改写句子等题型中考查冠词的正确选用和位置 例如:I want to play ______ basketball after school.(我放学后想打篮球。) 答案是 /,因为在球类运动名称前不用冠词。 ______ (a) old man in the park is my grandpa.(公园里的那位老人是我的爷爷。) 答案是The,因为这里是特指公园里的老人,要用定冠词。 3.冠词与其他知识点的综合考查 例如______ second boy on the left is my brother.(左边第二个男孩是我的兄弟。) 中,根据序数词前用定冠词的规则,答案是 “The”,这里还涉及到数词和名词的修饰关系等知识点。 三、课后练习 (一)单项选择题 1.— Do you know ______ girl with long curly hair? — Yes, she is Mary. She plays ______ tennis very well. A. a; / B. the; / C. the; the D. a; the 2.There is ______ “u” and ______ “s” in the word “use”. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a 3.— Is ______ book on the desk yours? — No, it's not ______. It's Lily's. A. a; mine B. the; mine C. the; my D. a; my 4.______ Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world. A. The B. A C. An D. / 5.— What do you usually have for ______ breakfast? — A piece of bread and ______ egg. A. a; an B. /; the C. a; the D. /; an 6.My sister is ______ honest girl. She always tells the truth. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7.— Have you seen ______ pen? I left it here this morning. — Is it ______ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 8.This is ______ interesting story and it's also ______ useful one. A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an 9.— Do you like playing ______ piano? — Yes, I do. But I don't like playing ______ football. A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; / 10.______ earth we live on is bigger than ______ moon. A. The; a B. The; the C. An; a D. An; the 11.— Which is ______ biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? — The sun, of course. A. a B. an C. the D. / 12.— I want to have ______ word with you. — OK. But only ______ few minutes. I have a meeting soon. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 13.There is ______ old man sitting under the tree. ______ old man is reading a book. A. an; The B. an; An C. a; The D. the; The 14.— How do you like ______ movie you watched last night? — It's so wonderful. I want to watch it ______ second time. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 15.— Have you ever been to ______ Palace Museum? — Yes. It's one of the most famous museums in ______ world. A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 16.— What's ______ matter with you? — I have ______ toothache. A. a; the B. the; a C. /; a D. the; / 17.______ second Sunday of May is Mother's Day. It's ______ special day for children to show their love for their mothers. A. The; a B. The; the C. A; a D. A; the 18.— Look! There's ______ apple tree in front of the house. — How beautiful! There are many apples on ______ tree. A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the 19.— Do you know ______ boy in blue? — Yes. He's a friend of ______. A. a; mine B. the; mine C. a; my D. the; my 20.— We should have ______ breakfast every day to keep healthy. — You're right. And we should always have ______ good breakfast. A. /; a B. the; a C. /; the D. a; a 21.— How about ______ trip to the Great Wall? — Sounds great. I'm looking forward to ______ visit it. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; / D. the; / 22.— I'm going to see ______ film. It's said to be ______ very interesting one. — Have a nice day! A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 23.— Have you read ______ book called “Alice in Wonderland”? — Yes. It's ______ wonderful book. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 24.— I want to buy ______ umbrella. — There's a supermarket just around the corner. You can buy one there. A. a B. an C. the D. / 25.— There's ______ “h” and ______ “u” in the word “huge”. — Oh, I see. A. an; a B. a; an C. a; a D. an; an 26.— Is this ______ first time you have visited Hong Kong? — Yes, it's really ______ interesting place. A. the; an B. a; an C. the; the D. a; the 27.— Do you know ______ woman in red? — Yes. She's ______ English teacher. A. a; a B. the; an C. a; an D. the; a 28.— Let's go for ______ walk after dinner. — Good idea. A. a B. an C. the D. / 29.— Have you heard of ______ news about the accident? — Yes. It's really ______ sad news. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; / D. /; / 30.— I like reading books. ______ book I'm reading now is “Oliver Twist”. — It's a classic. I've read it twice. A. The B. A C. An D. / 31.— Look! There's ______ empty bottle on the ground. — Let's pick it up and put it into ______ dustbin. A. a; a B. an; the C. a; the D. the; a 32.— Do you play ______ guitar in your free time? — No. I like sports. I often play ______ football with my friends. A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; / 33.— What ______ fine day! Let's go for a picnic. — Sounds great. A. a B. an C. the D. / 34.— Have you seen ______ movie “Avatar”? — Yes. It's ______ amazing movie. A. a; an B. the; an C. a; the D. the; the 35.— My sister is ______ university student. She studies hard. — How wonderful! A. a B. an C. the D. / (二)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He is ______ (a) honest boy. We all like him. 2.There is ______ (a) “s” and ______ (a) “t” in the word “student”. 3.This is ______ (the) most interesting story I've ever heard. 4.I want to be ______ (a) astronaut when I grow up. 5.— Have you seen ______ (the) movie “The Wandering Earth”? — Yes. It's really wonderful. 6.She plays ______ (the) piano very well. 7.We usually have ______ (a) big dinner on New Year's Eve. 8.______ (The) sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 9.He is ______ (a) tallest boy in our class. 10.— Do you have ______ (a) dictionary? — Yes. I have two. (三)句型转换 1.This is a useful book.(改为感叹句) ______ ______ useful book this is! 2.The boy is very clever.(改为感叹句) ______ ______ the boy is! 3.I like reading books.(改为一般疑问句) ______ you ______ reading books? 四、真题模拟 (一)单项选择 【2024黑龙江】—Shenzhou - 18 with three astronauts was sent up on April 25th, 2024. It’s such ________ exciting event. —Yes. And the astronauts are our heroes. I want to be ________ useful person like them. A. a, an B. an, a C. a, the 【2024吉林】There is ________ river near our school. We never throw rubbish into it. A. the B. a C. / 【2024黑龙江绥化】Beijing, ________ capital of China, is ________ city with a long history. A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a 【2024山东滨州】—Look, ________ car’s license plate (车牌) is green!” —It’s ________ new energy car. Many people drive new energy cars to replace gas-powered cars.” A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the 【2024云南保山】Yunnan is such ________ beautiful place with lots of flowers and delicious food. A. / B. a C. an D. the 【2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔】On March 4th, 2024, the “Two Sessions” (两会) were held at ________ great hall of ________ people in Beijing. A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a 【2024西藏】The air robot is playing ________ chess with a child. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【2024江苏宿迁】Suqian is ________ city full of ________ history, culture and mouthwatering food. A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; / 【2024天津河北】Beijing is ________ capital city of China. It’s ________ ancient city full of places of interest. A. a; an B. a; the C. the; a D. the; an 【2024四川成都】March 14 is the international Pi (π) Day. It is about ________ special number. The ancient Chinese scientist Zu Chongzhi first measured it. A. a B. an C. the (二)a,an,the,/,选择适当的冠词填空 【2023福建南平】This is _______ interesting book and I enjoy it. 【2023甘肃白银】Middle school students don't need to go to / school on weekends. They can go to _______ park for fun with their parents or friends. 【2023广西贵港】Nick is _______ 8-year-old boy, but he can write more than 2,000 words. 【2023黑龙江黑河】Bill likes playing / basketball, but he doesn't like playing_______ piano. 【2023黑龙江绥化】Don't you know _______ girl under _______ tree? She's our teacher's daughter. 【2023湖北黄石】_______new bridge has been built over the Yangtze River in Huangshi. 【2023湖南湘潭】Do you know _______ inventor? Yes, he's a friend of mine. 【2023吉林】Lisa had _______ egg and _______ glass of milk for breakfast this morning. 【2023江苏淮安】This summer, I'm going to visit _______ Great Wall. 【2023江苏连云港】Is Mr. Francois Hollande_______ honest and capable man? Yes. And that is why he was chosen / president of France. 【2023江苏苏州】In order to find _______ better job, she planned to learn _______ second foreign language. 【2023辽宁大连】My mother is _______ English teacher in _______ university in Beijing. 【2023江苏南京】What do you usually have for / breakfast, Peter? _______fried egg, three pieces of bread and a glass of milk. 【2023安徽】It's not _______ good idea to drive for four hours without _______ break. 【2023福建福州】What does Michael look like? He has big eyes and _______ wide mouth. 【2023河南】What do you want to be in the future, Nick? I want to be a pilot. It is _______ exciting job. 【2023】陕西:In the United States, Father's Day falls on _______ third Sunday in _______June。 【2023江苏无锡】If you go by train, you can have quite _______ comfortable journey, but make sure you take a fast one。 【2023山东滨州】You've dropped _______ “s” in the word “necessary”. Oh, the letter “s” is doubled。 【2023广东广州】After school we usually play basketball for half _______ hour on the playground。 【2022 年重庆 A 卷】One of his daughters became ________ English teacher last August. 【2022 年山东青岛】Qingdao is a beautiful city that lies in ________ east of China. 【2022 年山东临沂】Berlin is ________ capital of Germany. 【2022 年浙江温州】Peter, shall we go for a picnic this Sunday? - OK. Let's add it to ________ weekend plan. 【2022 年四川达州】Mike! Our country is building the third aircraft carrier(航空母舰) Xinhua News Agency reported last month. - What ________ unusual thing! I'm proud of it. 【2022 年重庆 B 卷】Chongqing has become ________ hot city for tourists. 【2022 年江苏宿迁】Daniel had ________ egg, a piece of bread and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning. 【2022 年四川凉山州】Laura is ________ 11-year-old girl. She is good at playing ________ guitar. 【2021 年福建南平】This is ________ interesting book and I enjoy it. 【2021 年甘肃白银】Middle school students don't need to go to________ school on weekends. They can go to ________ park for fun with their parents or friends. 【2021 年广西贵港】Nick is ________ eight-year-old boy, but he can write more than 2,000 words. 【2021 年黑龙江黑河】Bill likes playing / basketball, but he doesn't like playing ________ piano. 【2021 年黑龙江绥化】Don't you know ________girl under the tree? She's our teacher's daughter. 【2021 年湖北黄石】A new bridge has been built over ________ Yangtze River in Huangshi. 【2021 年湖南湘潭】Do you know________ inventor? Yes, he's a friend of mine. 【2021 年吉林】Lisa had ________ egg and ________ glass of milk for breakfast this morning. 【2021 年江苏淮安】This summer, I'm going to visit ________ Great Wall. 【2021 年江苏连云港】Is Mr. Francois Hollande ________ honest and capable man? Yes. And that is why he was chosen ________president of France. 【2021 年江苏苏州】In order to find________ better job, she planned to learn ________ second foreign language. 【2021 年辽宁大连】My mother is ________ English teacher in a university in Beijing. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 第9讲 冠词 一、考情分析 (一)考情分析 1.考查频率较高 冠词是中考英语的重要语法点之一,在各地中考中出现的频率较高,几乎是每年必考内容。 2.重点突出 主要考查不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)的用法以及零冠词的情况。其中,不定冠词和定冠词的用法是考查重点,需要考生准确理解和掌握在不同语境下的正确使用。 3.语境理解要求高 题目通常会设置具体的语境,要求考生根据语境来判断使用哪种冠词或是否使用冠词,这不仅考查了考生对冠词基本用法的掌握,还考查了考生对语境的理解和分析能力。 (二)常见题型 1.单项选择题 这是冠词考查的最常见题型。给出一个句子,让考生在四个选项中选择正确的冠词来填空。 例如:There is ______ “h” in the word “hour”, but ______ “h” doesn't make a sound.(2023 年某地区中考题) 答案:an;the。 解析:第一个空,“h” 的发音是 [eɪtʃ],是以元音音素开头的,所以用不定冠词 “an”;第二个空,这里的 “h” 是上文已经提到过的,所以用定冠词 “the” 来特指。 2.完形填空题:在文章中留出一些空白,让考生根据上下文的逻辑和语境选择正确的冠词填空。这种题型对考生的综合语言运用能力要求较高。 例如:I saw ______ interesting film last night. ______ film was about a brave boy.(2022 年某地区中考模拟题) 答案:an;The。 解析:第一个空,“interesting” 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用 “an”;第二个空,后面的 “film” 是第二次提到,指的是上文提到的那部电影,所以用定冠词 “the”。 3.短文改错题:给出一篇短文,其中可能会有冠词使用错误的地方,让考生找出并改正。这种题型考查考生对冠词用法的掌握是否准确和熟练。 例如:I have a cat. A cat is black and white.(2021 年某地区中考真题改编) 答案:把 “A” 改为 “The”。 解析:第一句中提到了 “a cat”,表示有一只猫,第二句中再次提到这只猫时,应该用定冠词 “the” 来特指。 二、考点分析 (一)冠词的定义和分类 1.定义 冠词是一种虚词,用于限定名词,说明名词所指的人或事物是泛指还是特指。 2.分类 (1)不定冠词:a 和 an,用于泛指,表示 “一个(件、条……)”。 (2)定冠词:the,用于特指,表示 “这个 / 这些、那个 / 那些”。 (二)不定冠词的用法辨析 1.a 和 an 的区别 (1)a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前 这里的辅音音素是指发音,而不是字母。 例如:a book(一本书),book发音 [bʊk],开头是辅音音素 [b]; a university(一所大学),university虽然以元音字母 u 开头,但发音 [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti],开头是辅音音素 [j],所以用 a。 (2)an 用于元音音素开头的单词前 例如:an apple(一个苹果),apple发音[ˈæpl],开头是元音音素[æ]; an hour(一个小时),hour发音[ˈaʊə(r)],开头是元音音素[aʊ],所以用 an。 2.不定冠词的常见用法 (1)表示数量 “一” 用于可数名词单数前,强调数量为一个。 例如:I have a pen.(我有一支钢笔。) (2)泛指某一类人或事物中的一个 用于首次提到的人或事物,代表这类事物中的一个。 例如:A dog is a loyal animal.(狗是一种忠诚的动物。) (3)用于某些固定搭配中 例如:a little(一点儿)、a few(几个)、a lot of(许多)、have a cold(感冒)、take a walk(散步)等。在这些短语中,不定冠词的使用是固定的,帮助构成特定的语义。 (三)定冠词的用法辨析 1.特指双方都明白的人或事物 在对话或特定情境中明确指代对象 例如:Please close the door.(请把门关上。) 这里说话者和听话者都知道指的是哪扇门。 2.上文提到过的人或事物 用于第二次及以后提及同一事物时 例如:I saw a book on the desk. The book is very interesting.(我看见桌子上有一本书。这本书很有意思。) 第一次提到 “book” 用 a,第二次提到同一本书就用 the。 3.用于世界上独一无二的事物前 如太阳、月亮、地球等 例如:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。) The earth is our home.(地球是我们的家园。) 4.用于序数词和形容词最高级前 表示顺序和程度最高的情况 序数词前:He is the first to come.(他是第一个来的。) 最高级前:She is the tallest girl in our class.(她是我们班最高的女孩。) 5.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前 如国家、机构、建筑物等的名称 the United States(美国)、the Great Wall(长城)、the United Nations(联合国)等。 这些专有名词如果没有定冠词,其意义可能会改变或者不明确。 6.用于乐器名称前 表示演奏某种乐器 例如:She can play the piano.(她会弹钢琴。) 7.用于某些形容词前表示一类人 如 the rich(富人)、the poor(穷人)、the old(老人)等 这些短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。 例如:The rich often help the poor.(富人经常帮助穷人。) (四)零冠词(不用冠词)的情况 1.复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时 强调类别而非个体 例如:Dogs are friendly animals.(狗是友好的动物。) Water is important for life.(水对生命很重要。) 2.在季节、月份、星期、节日等名词前 表示时间概念本身,而非特指某一时期 例如:Spring is my favorite season.(春天是我最喜欢的季节。) We celebrate Christmas in December.(我们在十二月庆祝圣诞节。) 3.在球类、棋类等运动名称前 强调运动本身而非某个具体的球或棋盘等 例如:We play football after school.(我们放学后踢足球。) He likes playing chess.(他喜欢下棋。) 4.在一日三餐名称前 如果不是特指某一顿饭,不用冠词 例如:I have breakfast at 7 o'clock.(我七点吃早餐。) 但如果是特指某一顿饭,要用定冠词 例如The breakfast I had this morning was delicious.(我今天早上吃的早餐很好吃。) (五)中考考查重点 1.冠词的辨析 在选择题、完形填空等题型中考查不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别,以及零冠词的情况 例如:—Do you have ______ pen? —Yes, I have one. A. a B. an 答案是 A,因为pen发音以辅音音素开头。 ______ sun is much bigger than ______ earth. A. A; the B. The; the) 答案是 B,因为 “sun” 和 “earth” 都是世界上独一无二的事物,要用定冠词。 2.冠词在句子中的语法功能 在语法填空、改写句子等题型中考查冠词的正确选用和位置 例如:I want to play ______ basketball after school.(我放学后想打篮球。) 答案是 /,因为在球类运动名称前不用冠词。 ______ (a) old man in the park is my grandpa.(公园里的那位老人是我的爷爷。) 答案是The,因为这里是特指公园里的老人,要用定冠词。 3.冠词与其他知识点的综合考查 例如______ second boy on the left is my brother.(左边第二个男孩是我的兄弟。) 中,根据序数词前用定冠词的规则,答案是 “The”,这里还涉及到数词和名词的修饰关系等知识点。 三、课后练习 (一)单项选择题 1.— Do you know ______ girl with long curly hair? — Yes, she is Mary. She plays ______ tennis very well. A. a; / B. the; / C. the; the D. a; the 答案:B 解析:第一空表示特指 “那个有着长卷发的女孩”,所以用定冠词 the;第二空 “play + 球类运动”,中间不用冠词,所以选 B。 2.There is ______ “u” and ______ “s” in the word “use”. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a 答案:C 解析:“u” 是以辅音音素 /j/ 开头的,所以用 a;“s” 是以元音音素 /e/ 开头的,所以用 an,选 C。 3.— Is ______ book on the desk yours? — No, it's not ______. It's Lily's. A. a; mine B. the; mine C. the; my D. a; my 答案:B 解析:第一空表示特指 “桌子上的那本书”,用定冠词 the;第二空后没有名词,要用名词性物主代词 mine,所以选 B。 4.______ Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world. A. The B. A C. An D. / 答案:A 解析:“the Great Wall” 是专有名词,“长城” 是独一无二的事物,要用定冠词 the,所以选 A。 5.— What do you usually have for ______ breakfast? — A piece of bread and ______ egg. A. a; an B. /; the C. a; the D. /; an 答案:D 解析:“have...for breakfast” 表示 “早餐吃……”,三餐前一般不用冠词;第二空 “egg” 是以元音音素 /e/ 开头的,用 an,所以选 D。 6.My sister is ______ honest girl. She always tells the truth. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:B 解析:“honest” 是以元音音素 /ɒ/ 开头的,所以用 an,表示 “一个诚实的女孩”,所以选 B。 7.— Have you seen ______ pen? I left it here this morning. — Is it ______ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 答案:D 解析:第一空表示 “一支钢笔”,是泛指,用 a;第二空也是泛指 “一支黑色的钢笔”,用 a,所以选 D。 8.This is ______ interesting story and it's also ______ useful one. A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an 答案:B 解析:“interesting” 是以元音音素 /ɪ/ 开头的,用 an;“useful” 是以辅音音素 /j/ 开头的,用 a,所以选 B。 9.— Do you like playing ______ piano? — Yes, I do. But I don't like playing ______ football. A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; / 答案:A 解析:“play + the + 乐器”,“play + 球类运动”,中间不用冠词,所以选 A。 10.______ earth we live on is bigger than ______ moon. A. The; a B. The; the C. An; a D. An; the 答案:B 解析:“the earth”(地球)和 “the moon”(月球)都是独一无二的事物,要用定冠词 the,所以选 B。 11.— Which is ______ biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? — The sun, of course. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:C 解析:在三者或三者以上进行比较,用最高级,最高级前面要加定冠词 the,所以选 C。 12.— I want to have ______ word with you. — OK. But only ______ few minutes. I have a meeting soon. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 答案:A 解析:“have a word with sb.” 是固定短语,意思是 “和某人说句话”;“a few” 表示 “几个;一些”,所以选 A。 13.There is ______ old man sitting under the tree. ______ old man is reading a book. A. an; The B. an; An C. a; The D. the; The 答案:A 解析:第一空 “old” 是以元音音素 /əʊ/ 开头的,用 an,表示 “一个老人”;第二空表示特指 “那个老人”,用定冠词 the,所以选 A。 14.— How do you like ______ movie you watched last night? — It's so wonderful. I want to watch it ______ second time. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 答案:B 解析:第一空表示特指 “昨晚你看的那部电影”,用定冠词 the;第二空 “a + 序数词” 表示 “又一;再一”,所以选 B。 15.— Have you ever been to ______ Palace Museum? — Yes. It's one of the most famous museums in ______ world. A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 答案:B 解析:“the Palace Museum”(故宫博物院)是专有名词,要用定冠词 the;“in the world” 是固定短语,意思是 “在世界上”,所以选 B。 16.— What's ______ matter with you? — I have ______ toothache. A. a; the B. the; a C. /; a D. the; / 答案:B 解析:“What's the matter with sb.?” 是固定句型,意思是 “某人怎么了?”;“have a toothache” 是 “牙疼” 的意思,所以选 B。 17.______ second Sunday of May is Mother's Day. It's ______ special day for children to show their love for their mothers. A. The; a B. The; the C. A; a D. A; the 答案:A 解析:第一空表示 “五月的第二个星期天”,序数词前面要用定冠词 the;第二空表示 “一个特殊的日子”,是泛指,用 a,所以选 A。 18.— Look! There's ______ apple tree in front of the house. — How beautiful! There are many apples on ______ tree. A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the 答案:B 解析:第一空 “apple” 是以元音音素 /æ/ 开头的,用 an,表示 “一棵苹果树”;第二空表示特指 “那棵树”,用定冠词 the,所以选 B。 19.— Do you know ______ boy in blue? — Yes. He's a friend of ______. A. a; mine B. the; mine C. a; my D. the; my 答案:B 解析:第一空表示特指 “那个穿蓝色衣服的男孩”,用定冠词 the;第二空 “a friend of + 名词性物主代词” 表示 “某人的一个朋友”,所以用 mine,选 B。 20.— We should have ______ breakfast every day to keep healthy. — You're right. And we should always have ______ good breakfast. A. /; a B. the; a C. /; the D. a; a 答案:A 解析:第一空三餐前一般不用冠词;第二空 “have a good breakfast” 表示 “吃一顿丰盛的早餐”,是泛指,所以用 a,选 A。 21.— How about ______ trip to the Great Wall? — Sounds great. I'm looking forward to ______ visit it. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; / D. the; / 答案:A 解析:第一空 “a trip to...” 表示 “一次去…… 的旅行”,是泛指;第二空 “look forward to a visit...” 表示 “期待一次参观……”,也是泛指,所以选 A。 22.— I'm going to see ______ film. It's said to be ______ very interesting one. — Have a nice day! A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 答案:A 解析:第一空表示 “看一场电影”,是泛指,用 a;第二空 “a very interesting one” 表示 “一部非常有趣的电影”,也是泛指,用 a,所以选 A。 23.— Have you read ______ book called “Alice in Wonderland”? — Yes. It's ______ wonderful book. A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 答案:B 解析:第一空表示特指 “那本叫《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的书”,用定冠词 the;第二空表示 “一本精彩的书”,是泛指,用 a,所以选 B。 24.— I want to buy ______ umbrella. — There's a supermarket just around the corner. You can buy one there. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:B 解析:“umbrella” 是以元音音素 /ʌ/ 开头的,用 an,表示 “一把雨伞”,所以选 B。 25.— There's ______ “h” and ______ “u” in the word “huge”. — Oh, I see. A. an; a B. a; an C. a; a D. an; an 答案:A 解析:“h” 是以元音音素 /eɪ/ 开头的,用 an;“u” 是以辅音音素 /juː/ 开头的,用 a,所以选 A。 26.— Is this ______ first time you have visited Hong Kong? — Yes, it's really ______ interesting place. A. the; an B. a; an C. the; the D. a; the 答案:A 解析:第一空 “the first time” 表示 “第一次”,序数词前面用定冠词 the;第二空 “an interesting place” 表示 “一个有趣的地方”,所以选 A。 27.— Do you know ______ woman in red? — Yes. She's ______ English teacher. A. a; a B. the; an C. a; an D. the; a 答案:B 解析:第一空表示特指 “那个穿红色衣服的女人”,用定冠词 the;第二空 “English” 是以元音音素 /ɪ/ 开头的,用 an,表示 “一名英语老师”,所以选 B。 28.— Let's go for ______ walk after dinner. — Good idea. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:A 解析:“go for a walk” 是固定短语,意思是 “去散步”,所以选 A。 29.— Have you heard of ______ news about the accident? — Yes. It's really ______ sad news. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; / D. /; / 答案:C 解析:第一空表示特指 “关于那场事故的消息”,用定冠词 the;第二空 “news” 是不可数名词,前面不用 a,所以选 C。 30.— I like reading books. ______ book I'm reading now is “Oliver Twist”. — It's a classic. I've read it twice. A. The B. A C. An D. / 答案:A 解析:表示特指 “我现在正在读的这本书”,用定冠词 the,所以选 A。 31.— Look! There's ______ empty bottle on the ground. — Let's pick it up and put it into ______ dustbin. A. a; a B. an; the C. a; the D. the; a 答案:B 解析:第一空 “empty” 是以元音音素 /ˈempti / 开头的,用 an,表示 “一个空瓶子”;第二空表示特指 “那个垃圾桶”,用定冠词 the,所以选 B。 32.— Do you play ______ guitar in your free time? — No. I like sports. I often play ______ football with my friends. A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; / 答案:A 解析:“play + the + 乐器”,“play + 球类运动”,中间不用冠词,所以选 A。 33.— What ______ fine day! Let's go for a picnic. — Sounds great. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:A 解析:“What a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数(+ 主语 + 谓语)!” 是感叹句结构,“fine” 是以辅音音素 /f/ 开头的,用 a,所以选 A。 34.— Have you seen ______ movie “Avatar”? — Yes. It's ______ amazing movie. A. a; an B. the; an C. a; the D. the; the 答案:B 解析:第一空表示特指 “电影《阿凡达》”,用定冠词 the;第二空 “amazing” 是以元音音素 /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ 开头的,用 an,表示 “一部令人惊叹的电影”,所以选 B。 35.— My sister is ______ university student. She studies hard. — How wonderful! A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:A 解析:“university” 是以辅音音素 /juː/ 开头的,用 a,表示 “一名大学生”,所以选 A。 (二)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He is ______ (a) honest boy. We all like him. 答案:an 解析:“honest” 是以元音音素 /ɒ/ 开头的,所以用 an。 2.There is ______ (a) “s” and ______ (a) “t” in the word “student”. 答案:an; a 解析:“s” 是以元音音素 /e/ 开头的,用 an;“t” 是以辅音音素 /t/ 开头的,用 a。 3.This is ______ (the) most interesting story I've ever heard. 答案:the 解析:在形容词最高级前面要用定冠词 the。 4.I want to be ______ (a) astronaut when I grow up. 答案:an 解析:“astronaut” 是以元音音素 /ˈæstrənɔːt / 开头的,用 an,表示 “一名宇航员”。 5.— Have you seen ______ (the) movie “The Wandering Earth”? — Yes. It's really wonderful. 答案:the 解析:表示特指 “电影《流浪地球》”,用定冠词 the。 6.She plays ______ (the) piano very well. 答案:the 解析:“play + the + 乐器”,所以用 the。 7.We usually have ______ (a) big dinner on New Year's Eve. 答案:a 解析:“a big dinner” 表示 “一顿丰盛的晚餐”,是泛指,用 a。 8.______ (The) sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 答案:The 解析:“the sun” 是独一无二的事物,要用定冠词 the。 9.He is ______ (a) tallest boy in our class. 答案:the 解析:在形容词最高级前面要用定冠词 the,“the tallest” 表示 “最高的”。 10.— Do you have ______ (a) dictionary? — Yes. I have two. 答案:a 解析:表示 “一本字典”,是泛指,用 a。 (三)句型转换 1.This is a useful book.(改为感叹句) ______ ______ useful book this is! 答案:What a 解析:感叹句结构为 “What a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数(+ 主语 + 谓语)!”,所以填 What a。 2.The boy is very clever.(改为感叹句) ______ ______ the boy is! 答案:How clever 解析:感叹句结构为 “How + 形容词 / 副词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!”,这里是形容词 clever,所以填 How clever。 3.I like reading books.(改为一般疑问句) ______ you ______ reading books? 答案:Do; like 解析:一般现在时的一般疑问句,主语是 I,动词是 like,要借助助动词 Do,动词用原形 like。 四、真题模拟 (一)单项选择 【2024黑龙江】—Shenzhou - 18 with three astronauts was sent up on April 25th, 2024. It’s such ________ exciting event. —Yes. And the astronauts are our heroes. I want to be ________ useful person like them. A. a, an B. an, a C. a, the 答案:B 解析:第一空,“exciting” 是以元音音素开头的单词,前面用 “an”;第二空,“useful” 是以辅音音素开头的单词,前面用 “a”。答案是 B。 【2024吉林】There is ________ river near our school. We never throw rubbish into it. A. the B. a C. / 答案:B 解析:这里表示 “有一条河在我们学校附近”,泛指一条河,用 “a”。答案是 B。 【2024黑龙江绥化】Beijing, ________ capital of China, is ________ city with a long history. A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a 答案:C 解析:第一空,“the capital of...” 表示 “…… 的首都”,是固定用法;第二空,表示 “一个有着悠久历史的城市”,泛指一个城市,用 “a”。答案是 C。 【2024山东滨州】—Look, ________ car’s license plate (车牌) is green!” —It’s ________ new energy car. Many people drive new energy cars to replace gas-powered cars.” A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the 答案:B 解析:第一空,特指说话双方都知道的那辆车的车牌,用 “the”;第二空,表示 “一辆新能源汽车”,泛指一辆,用 “a”。答案是 B。 【2024云南保山】Yunnan is such ________ beautiful place with lots of flowers and delicious food. A. / B. a C. an D. the 答案:B 解析:such a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数表示如此…… 的一个……,beautiful是以辅音音素开头的单词,前面用a。答案是 B。 【2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔】On March 4th, 2024, the “Two Sessions” (两会) were held at ________ great hall of ________ people in Beijing. A. a, the B. the, the C. the, a 答案:B 解析:第一空,“the great hall of the people” 是固定表达,人民大会堂;第二空,“the people” 特指人民。答案是 B。 【2024西藏】The air robot is playing ________ chess with a child. A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:D 解析:“play chess” 是固定短语,中间不加冠词。答案是 D。 【2024江苏宿迁】Suqian is ________ city full of ________ history, culture and mouthwatering food. A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; / 答案:a;/ 解析:第一空,表示 “一个充满历史、文化和美食的城市”,泛指一个城市,用 “a”;第二空,“history” 是抽象名词,前面不用冠词。答案是 D。 【2024天津河北】Beijing is ________ capital city of China. It’s ________ ancient city full of places of interest. A. a; an B. a; the C. the; a D. the; an 答案:D 解析:第一空,“the capital city of...” 表示 “…… 的首都”,是固定用法;第二空,表示 “一个古老的城市”,泛指一个城市,用 “an”,因为 “ancient” 是以元音音素开头的单词。答案是 D。 【2024四川成都】March 14 is the international Pi (π) Day. It is about ________ special number. The ancient Chinese scientist Zu Chongzhi first measured it. A. a B. an C. the 答案:A 解析:表示 “一个特殊的数字”,泛指一个,用 “a/an”,“special” 是以辅音音素开头的单词,前面用 “a”。答案是 A。 (二)a,an,the,/,选择适当的冠词填空 【2023福建南平】This is _______ interesting book and I enjoy it. 答案:an 解析:一本有趣的书,用不定冠词 an,因为 interesting 以元音音素开头。 【2023甘肃白银】Middle school students don't need to go to / school on weekends. They can go to _______ park for fun with their parents or friends. 答案:a 解析:去一个公园,用不定冠词 a。 【2023广西贵港】Nick is _______ 8-year-old boy, but he can write more than 2,000 words. 答案:an 解析:一个 8 岁的男孩,用不定冠词 an,因为 8(eight)以元音音素开头。 【2023黑龙江黑河】Bill likes playing / basketball, but he doesn't like playing_______ piano. 答案:the 解析:play the piano,乐器前用定冠词 the。 【2023黑龙江绥化】Don't you know _______ girl under _______ tree? She's our teacher's daughter. 答案:the;the 解析:特指树下的女孩,用定冠词 the;特指那棵树,也用定冠词 the。 【2023湖北黄石】_______new bridge has been built over the Yangtze River in Huangshi. 答案:a 解析:一座新桥,用不定冠词 a。 【2023湖南湘潭】Do you know _______ inventor? Yes, he's a friend of mine. 答案:the 解析:特指那个发明家,用定冠词 the。 【2023吉林】Lisa had _______ egg and _______ glass of milk for breakfast this morning. 答案:an;a 解析:一个鸡蛋,用不定冠词 an;一杯牛奶,用不定冠词 a。 【2023江苏淮安】This summer, I'm going to visit _______ Great Wall. 答案:the 解析:长城是独一无二的事物,用定冠词 the。 【2023江苏连云港】Is Mr. Francois Hollande_______ honest and capable man? Yes. And that is why he was chosen / president of France. 答案:an 解析:一个诚实且有能力的人,用不定冠词 an。 【2023江苏苏州】In order to find _______ better job, she planned to learn _______ second foreign language. 答案:a;a 解析:一份更好的工作,用不定冠词 a;一门第二外语,用不定冠词 a。 【2023辽宁大连】My mother is _______ English teacher in _______ university in Beijing. 答案:an;a 解析:一个英语老师,用不定冠词 an;一所大学,用不定冠词 a。 【2023江苏南京】What do you usually have for / breakfast, Peter? _______fried egg, three pieces of bread and a glass of milk. 答案:a 解析:一个煎蛋,用不定冠词 a。 【2023安徽】It's not _______ good idea to drive for four hours without _______ break. 答案:a;a 解析:一个好主意,用不定冠词 a;一次休息,用不定冠词 a。 【2023福建福州】What does Michael look like? He has big eyes and _______ wide mouth. 答案:a 解析:一张宽嘴巴,用不定冠词 a。 【2023河南】What do you want to be in the future, Nick? I want to be a pilot. It is _______ exciting job. 答案:an 解析:一份令人兴奋的工作,用不定冠词 an。 【2023】陕西:In the United States, Father's Day falls on _______ third Sunday in _______June。 答案:the;/ 解析:序数词前用定冠词 the;月份前不用冠词。 【2023江苏无锡】If you go by train, you can have quite _______ comfortable journey, but make sure you take a fast one。 答案:a 解析:一次舒适的旅程,用不定冠词 a。 【2023山东滨州】You've dropped _______ “s” in the word “necessary”. Oh, the letter “s” is doubled。 答案:an 解析:一个字母 “s”,用不定冠词 an。 【2023广东广州】After school we usually play basketball for half _______ hour on the playground。 答案:an 解析:半小时,用 half an hour。 【2022 年重庆 A 卷】One of his daughters became ________ English teacher last August. 答案:an 解析:“an English teacher” 表示 “一名英语教师”,English 是以元音音素开头的单词,且这里是泛指,所以用不定冠词 an。 【2022 年山东青岛】Qingdao is a beautiful city that lies in ________ east of China. 答案:the 解析:in the east of 是固定搭配,表示 “在…… 的东部”,这里是特指在中国的东部,所以用定冠词 the。 【2022 年山东临沂】Berlin is ________ capital of Germany. 答案:the 解析:“the capital of + 国家” 是固定用法,表示 “…… 的首都”,这里是特指德国的首都,所以用定冠词 the。 【2022 年浙江温州】Peter, shall we go for a picnic this Sunday? - OK. Let's add it to ________ weekend plan. 答案:the 解析:这里的 “weekend plan” 是特指这个周末的计划,所以用定冠词 the。 【2022 年四川达州】Mike! Our country is building the third aircraft carrier(航空母舰) Xinhua News Agency reported last month. - What ________ unusual thing! I'm proud of it. 答案:an 解析:unusual 是以元音音素开头的单词,且这里表示 “一件不寻常的事情”,是泛指,所以用不定冠词 an; 【2022 年重庆 B 卷】Chongqing has become ________ hot city for tourists. 答案:a 解析:“a hot city” 表示 “一个热门的城市”,是泛指,hot 是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词 a。 【2022 年江苏宿迁】Daniel had ________ egg, a piece of bread and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning. 答案:an 解析:egg 是以元音音素开头的可数名词单数,前面用不定冠词 an,表示 “一个鸡蛋”。 【2022 年四川凉山州】Laura is ________ 11-year-old girl. She is good at playing ________ guitar. 答案:an;the 解析:第一空,11-year-old 是以元音音素开头的复合形容词,修饰 girl,前面要用不定冠词 an,表示 “一个 11 岁的女孩”;第二空,play the guitar 是固定用法,乐器前面要加定冠词 the。 【2021 年福建南平】This is ________ interesting book and I enjoy it. 答案:an 解析:interesting 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以前面用不定冠词 an,表示 “一本有趣的书”,这里是泛指。 【2021 年甘肃白银】Middle school students don't need to go to________ school on weekends. They can go to ________ park for fun with their parents or friends. 答案:/;a 解析:go to school 是固定搭配,意为 “去上学”,这里的 school 是抽象概念,不需要加冠词;go to a park 表示 “去一个公园”,是泛指,park 是可数名词单数,且不是特指,所以用不定冠词 a。 【2021 年广西贵港】Nick is ________ eight-year-old boy, but he can write more than 2,000 words. 答案:an 解析:8-year-old 是以元音音素开头的复合形容词,修饰 boy,前面要用不定冠词 an,表示 “一个 8 岁的男孩”。 【2021 年黑龙江黑河】Bill likes playing / basketball, but he doesn't like playing ________ piano. 答案:the 解析:play basketball 是固定搭配,球类运动前不加冠词;play the piano 是固定用法,乐器前面要加定冠词 the。 【2021 年黑龙江绥化】Don't you know ________girl under the tree? She's our teacher's daughter. 答案:the 解析:这里的 “under the tree” 是对女孩的限定,特指在树下的那个女孩,所以用定冠词 the。 【2021 年湖北黄石】A new bridge has been built over ________ Yangtze River in Huangshi. 答案:the 解析:长江是独一无二的河流,在江河、海洋、山脉等独一无二的事物前要用定冠词 the。 【2021 年湖南湘潭】Do you know________ inventor? Yes, he's a friend of mine. 答案:the;a 解析:第一空的 “inventor” 是特指双方都知道的那个发明家,所以用定冠词 the;第二空表示 “一个朋友”,是泛指,friend 是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词 a。 【2021 年吉林】Lisa had ________ egg and ________ glass of milk for breakfast this morning. 答案:an;a 解析:egg 是以元音音素开头的可数名词单数,前面用不定冠词 an;a glass of milk 是固定搭配,“一杯牛奶”,这里的 a 是表示 “一(杯)” 的意思。 【2021 年江苏淮安】This summer, I'm going to visit ________ Great Wall. 答案:the 解析:长城是世界闻名的、独一无二的建筑,前面要用定冠词 the。 【2021 年江苏连云港】Is Mr. Francois Hollande ________ honest and capable man? Yes. And that is why he was chosen ________president of France. 答案:an;/ 解析:第一空,honest 是以元音音素开头的单词,且这里表示 “一个诚实且有能力的人”,是泛指,所以用不定冠词 an;第二空,“president of France” 是一个职位,在表示职位、头衔的名词前不加冠词。 【2021 年江苏苏州】In order to find________ better job, she planned to learn ________ second foreign language. 答案:a;a 解析:第一空,“a better job” 表示 “一份更好的工作”,是泛指,better 只是用来修饰 job,所以用不定冠词 a;第二空,“a second foreign language” 表示 “一门第二外语”,这里的 “a second” 表示 “又一、再一” 的意思,也是泛指,所以用不定冠词 a。 【2021 年辽宁大连】My mother is ________ English teacher in a university in Beijing. 答案:an 解析:“an English teacher” 表示 “一名英语教师”,是泛指,English 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词 an。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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