内容正文:
Unit 8
How do you make a banana milk shake?
单元复习
初中英语 / 人教版 / 八年级上册
Contents
Words
1
Phrases
2
Sentences
3
Grammar
4
Writing
5
Exercises
6
Homework
7
Words
0 1 Words
名词:1. 食物搅拌器 2. 酸奶
3. 蜂蜜 4. 西瓜
5. 勺;调羹 6. 锅
7. 食盐 8. 食糖
9. 干酪;奶酪 10. 爆米花
11. 玉米;谷物 12. 机器;机械装置
13. 洞;孔;坑 14. 莴苣;生菜
15. 三明治 16. 黄油;奶油
17. 火鸡 18. 片;块;段
19. 感恩节 20. 秋天;秋季
blender
yogurt
honey
watermelon
spoon
pot
salt
sugar
cheese
popcorn
corn
machine
hole
lettuce
sandwich
butter
turkey
piece
Thanksgiving
autumn
21. (调味)肉汁 22. 南瓜
23. 果馅饼;果馅派 24. 胡椒粉;柿子椒
25. 烤箱;烤炉 26. 盘子;碟子
27. 温度;气温;体温
动词:1. 剥皮;去皮 2. 倒出;倾倒
3. 增加;添加 4. 掘(地);凿(洞)
5. 庆祝;庆贺 6. 使做好准备;把……准备好
7. (使)充满;填满 8. 接待;服务;提供
副词:1. 最后;最终
gravy
pumpkin
pie
pepper
oven
plate
temperature
peel
pour
add
dig
celebrate
prepare
fill
serve
finally
形容词:1. 传统的;惯例的 2. 捣烂的
兼类词:1. (v/n)摇动;抖动
2. (n)混合配料(v)(使)混合;融合
3. (v)遮盖;覆盖(n)覆盖物;盖子;封面
1. shake (v. 摇动) — (过去式)
2. final (adj. 最后的;最终的) — (adv. 最后;最终)
3. dig (v. 掘地) — (过去式) — (现在分词)
4. tradition (n. 传统) — (adj. 传统的;惯例的) — (adv.传统地;惯例地)
5. celebrate (v. 庆祝;庆贺) — (n. 庆典;庆祝活动)
6. prepare (v. 使做好准备) — (n. 准备;准备工作)
词性变化
traditional
mashed
shake
mix
cover
shook
finally
dug
digging
traditional
traditionally
celebration
preparation
Phrases
0 2 Phrases
1.切碎___________________ 2.把…放到…里面 ______________ 3.把…倒进…里面______________ 4.打开(机器)__________________
5.关闭(机器)____________ 6.调高音量______________7.调低音量 ______________ 8.一杯酸奶___________________
9.两勺 __________________10.给聚会做一个蛋糕 ______________
11.把…加到…里去______________ 12.煮几小时________________
13.忘记去做某事_______________. 14.另外10分钟________________
15.种树 ___________________ 16.挖洞___________________
17.做某事的方式___________________ 18.是时候做某事________________
19.因…表示感谢_______________ 20.对…表示感谢_______________
cut up
put…in…
pour…into…
turn on
turn up
turn down
a cup of yogurt
two spoons of
make a cake for the party
add…to…
cook for a few hours
forget to do sth
another 10 minutes
plant trees
dig a hole
way to do sth
It’s time(for sth) to do sth
give thanks for
give thanks to
turn off
21.把…看作…______________ 22.用…方式庆祝(某节日)
______________________
23.团聚_______________ 24.为…而准备_______________ 25.装满,充满_________________26.用B覆盖A__________________
27.把…切成薄片________________ 28.用某物招呼某人______________
29.高温/低温______________________ 30.一个接一个_______________
31.准备做某事_________________ 32.混合_________________
see…as…
celebrate…with…
get together
prepare for
be filled with/be full of
cover A with B
cut into thin pieces…
serve sth. to sb
at a high/low temperature
one by one
prepare to do sth
mix up
Sentences
0 3 Sentences
1. ______ ______ bananas do we need?我们需要多少根香蕉?
2. _____ _____ yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶?
3. I want to ____ Russian soup ___ a party on Saturday. 我想为周六的派对做罗宋汤。
4. ______, ...首先 ______,……接下来 _______,……然后____,……最后,…
5. Thanksgiving is ___ _____ ___ ____ _____ ____ food in the autumn and other good things people enjoy in life. 感恩节是感谢秋天赐予我们的食物以及人们在生活中享受的其他美好事物的时候。
6. Families see Thanksgiving as a time to ____ ______ and usually _____ it ______ a big family meal.(许多)家庭把感恩节视作聚在一起的时节,并且以家庭大聚餐的方式来庆祝它。
How many
How much
make for
First Next Then Finally
a time to give thanks for
get together
celebrate with
7. Here is ____ ____ ____ _____ turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner.这有一种做感恩节火鸡的方法。
8. First, _____together some _____ _______, onions,salt and pepper.首先,把面包片、洋葱、盐和胡椒粉混合在一起。
9. Next, ____ the turkey _____ this bread mix.接下来,用面包混合物填满火鸡。
10. Then put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it___ __ ____ _______ .然后,把火鸡放入烤箱并烤上几个小时。
11. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and ____ it ______ gravy.烤好后,把火鸡放在大盘子上并用肉汁覆盖它。
12. Finally, _____ the turkey ___ ___ ____ and eat the meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes.最后,把火鸡切成薄片并且和着蔬菜,如胡萝卜和土豆一起吃。
13. Then, _____ the chicken soup very_____, over 100℃.然后,使鸡汤变热,超过100摄氏度。
one way to make
mix
bread pieces
fill with
for a few hours
cover with
cut into thin pieces
make hot
Grammar
0 4 Grammar
1 Turn on the blender.打开搅拌器。(P57)
turn on意为“打开”,反义词组turn off,都是“动词+副词”构成的动词短语,后接代词做宾语时,该代词要位于副词之前,若后接名词做宾语,则该名词位于副词前、后都可以。
今天天气真热。请打开空调好吗?It’s so hot today. Could you please turn on the air conditioner? 搅拌器有毛病。请不要打开它。There is something wrong with the blender. Don’t turn it on, please.
考点辨析 turn on,open
不同的“开” tum on开;打开 打开水龙头、煤气及电视、电灯、电脑、收音机等电器的开关 turnof关掉
open开;打开 打开门、窗、精、金、书等 close关上open形容词“开着的,睁着的”
Grammar
Mother is asleep. You’d better not turn on the TV set.妈妈睡觉了。你最好别开电视机。The boy is opening the door.这个男孩正在开门。
考点拓展
含turn的短语 turn around 转身
turn up 调高(音量等)
turn over 翻转
turn out 出席,在场
turn down 调低(音量等)
turn into 使成为
Grammar
2 Cut up the bananas.切香蕉。(P57)
cut up意为“把…切碎、切开”,为动副短语,相当于cut...into pieces。
她把蛋糕切开了。She cut up the cake. 你必须切开它,用叉子吃。You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.
固定搭配 含cut的短语
cut down砍倒cut out 删除cut off切断,中断cut...into pieces把……切成碎片
Grammar
3 Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒入搅拌器。(P57)
pour是及物动词,意为“倾倒,灌,浇”,后可以接名词/代词做宾语。pour可以接双宾语或介词短语,即pour sb. sth.(=pour sth. for sb.)。
需要我给你倒一碗牛奶吗?Shall I pour you a bowl of milk?=Shall I pour a bowl of milk for you?
固定搭配 pour...in/into...把……倒入/灌入……里;pour...out把……倒出。
考点拓展 into意为“到……里;进入到……之内”,表示“动态过程”的意义;in表示“静止”的状态,意为“在……里面”。
She is walking in the room.她正在房间里踱来激去。She is walking into the room.她正走进房间。
Grammar
4、Put the bananas and ice- cream in the blender.把香蕉和冰淇淋放入搅拌器。(P57)
put...in意为“把……放进……里”,强调放入的结果。put...into表示“把……放进……里去”,强调放入的过程。在put,throw,jump,fall等动词之后,既可以用in,也可以用into。
注意 put...in表示“把……放进……里”,但是put in 表示“安装”的意思。
固定搭配 含put的常考短语
put away收拾;放好put off推迟put up举起;张贴put out 熄灭;扑灭put down记下;放下put on穿上;发胖
Grammar
5、How do you make a banana milk shake?你怎么做香蕉奶昔?(P57)
how特殊疑问词,意为“怎样,如何”,用以对做某事的方式、方法、途径及动作程度等进行提问。
你是怎样感冒的?-How did you catch a cold? 淋雨得的。-By staying in the rain.
make一般指含有创造性的劳动,侧重于“制作,制造”,也就是将一些原来没有的东西制造出来。“做”蛋糕、奶昔、风筝、衣服、纸花、饭等习惯上用make。make sb. sth.=make sth. for sb.意为“为某人制作某物”。
她经常为我做一些新鲜的果汁。She often makes some fresh juice for me.
注意 do也表示“做”,常指做一件不具体的或抽象的事,也表示做某种工作。“做”工作、作业、练习题、早操等,习惯上都要用do
Grammar
6、How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶?(P58)
how much表示“多少”,后面跟不可数名词。
考点拓展
“多少”不同 how much 提问数量,后接不可数名词用来询问价格“多少钱”
how many 后面接可数名词复数,对数量的“多少”进行提问
How much is the computer?=What’s the price of the computer?这台电脑多少钱?How many students took part in the school sports meeting in your class?你们班有多少学生参加了学校运动会?
Grammar
need是实义动词,意为“需要”,有人称、数、时态的变化,后接名词、动名词或不定式做宾语。其否定、疑问句要借助助动词does/do/did。
We need to work harder.我们需要更加努力地工作。The floor needs sweeping every day.=The floor needs to be swept every day.这地板需要每天打扫。You needn’t do it at once.你不必马上就做。
中考特殊考点 needn’t 可以对must开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答。
7、 First, buy some beef, one cabbage....首先买些牛肉、一棵卷心菜、…(P58)
first...next...then...finally意为“首先……接下来……然后……最后”。
(1)当我们向别人讲述一件事情的发生或讲述做事的先后顺序或者介绍事物时,常使用此句型。
Grammar
(2)该句型相当于First,…Second,...Third,...或In the first…, In the second…或Firstly...Secondly...Thirdly...,这样既有条理,又有连贯性。
今天我们先学课文,然后我会提几个问题。最后进行一小段听写。Today we’ll study the text first, and then I’ll ask you some questions. Finally, we’ll have a short dictation.
考点拓展 at first 相当于at the beginning,意为“起先;开头;最初”,强调时间顺序。first of all意为“首先;第一”,用于强调事情。
At first I didn’t like English, but now I do.最初我不喜欢英语,但现在我喜欢它了。First of all, you’re supposed to introduce yourself before speaking.首先,你在发言之前要自我介绍。
Grammar
8 Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes.然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱,再煮上10分钟。(P58)
add指“添加,加,增加”。
考点拓展
add add...to... 把……加到……上,把……加到……中
add to 增加,增添
add up 把……加在一起
add up to 加起来共计、总共
Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加点盐。I don’t want to add to his difficulties.我不想增加他的困难。Add up 6,8 and 18 and you’ll get 32.把6、8和18相加,总数等于32。The cost of two trips added up to 1,000 dollars.两次旅行的费用总计达1000美元。
Grammar
“another+基数词+复数名词”表示“再……;又……”,相当于“基数词+more+复数名词”。
我还需要两张桌子。I need another two desks.=I need two more desks. 他们在北京又待了三天。They stayed in Beijing for another three days.=They stayed in Beijing for three more days.
9 Finally, don’t forget to add some salt.最后,别忘了放些盐。(P58)
finally意为“最后”,一般跟一系列事物或论点中的最后一项内容,相当于at last。
finally 指一系列事物或论点的顺序,没有较强的感情色彩。
at last 最后,常常有浓厚的感情色彩。
in the end 表示经过许多变化、困难、挫折或捉摸不定的情况之后,某事才发生,意为“最后,终于”。
Grammar
10 Half a cup.半杯。(P59)
half a/an/the表示“半……,一半”。half a cup of半杯的……。
开垦这片土地花了我们半年的时间。It took us half a year to open up the land. 请给我半杯茶。我有点渴了。Please give me half a cup of tea. I am a little thirsty.
考点拓展 “half of十名词/代词”做主语,谓语动词由of后的名词或代词决定。
我们班级的学生有一半来自乡村。Half of the students in our class are from the countryside. 他一半的钱丢失了。Half of his money is lost.
Grammar
中考特殊考点 (1)“数词十时间名词(单/复数)+and + a half”=“数词+and + a half+时间名词复数”表示“几小时天/月/年…半”
one/a hour and a half=one and a half hours一个半小时three years and a half=three and a half years三年半
(2)当分钟数是30时,可用half(一半)表示。
9:30可表示为half past nine=thirty past nine3:30可表示为half past three=thirty past three
11 Do you know how to plant a tree?你知道怎样植树吗?(P59)
how to plant a tree是“疑问词+不定式”结构。此结构常放在tell,show,teach,learn,know,discuss 等动词或词组之后做宾语。
Do you know how to answer the question?你知道如何回答这个问题吗?
Grammar
中考特殊考点 (1)含“疑问词+不定式”结构的简单句和复合句的转换。
Please tell me how to repair the bike.(简单句)=Please tell me how I can repair the bike.请告诉我怎样修理自行车。(复合句)
(2)动词后是否接宾语。
I don’t know what to do.我不知道做什么。I don’t know how to do it.我不知道怎样做它。
注意 上面的两个例句中,what做do的宾语,所以不能重复加宾语it,how是副词做状语,所以需要it做do的宾语。这是易错点。
Grammar
12 First, put some butter on a piece of bread.首先,在一片面包上涂上些许黄油。(P60)
piece名词,意为“片;块;段;首……”。piece是可数名词,主要用于表示名词的数量,用“数词+piece(s)+of+名词”形式。a piece of短语做主语,谓语用单数;pieces of短语做主语,谓语用复数。
考点拓展a cup of一杯,a glass of一玻璃杯,a bag of一包,a box of一箱,a bowl of一碗,a slice of一片,a bottle of一瓶。
中考特殊考点 “It is a piece of cake./A piece of cake.”它是一块蛋糕。引申意义为“小菜一碟。”
这张纸太脏了,不能在上面写字。This piece of paper is too dirty to write on.露西,给我一片面包。Give me a piece of bread, Lucy.
Grammar
13 In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special holidays.在大多数国家,人们通常在特殊的节日里吃传统食物。(P61)
traditional形容词,意为“传统的;惯例的”,做表语或定语。
中国,春节的时候吃饺子是一种传统。Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is traditional in China.在
考点拓展 tradition名词,意为“传统;惯例”。
It is a tradition that the young look after the old in their family.在他们家,年轻人照顾长辈是一个传统。
固定搭配 in the tradition of具有……的风格,by tradition按照传统。
Grammar
14 It is always on the fourth Thursday in November ,and is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn.感恩节总是在(每年)十一月份的第四个星期四,这也是人们感谢秋季所获得的食物的时刻。(P61)
It is a time(for sb.)to do sth. 表示“(对某人来说)是做某事的时期”。
考点拓展 (1)It’s time to do sth.和It’s time for sth.都表示“该到……时侯了”,to是不定式,故后要接动词原形,for是介词,故其后要接名词。
(2)It’s time for sb.to do sth.表示“该到某人做某事的时侯了”。
It’s time to have supper.=lt’s time for supper.到吃晚饭的时候了。
It’s time for you to go to school.到了你去上学的时间了。
Grammar
15 These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family.现在,大多数美国人依然通过在家里和家人团聚吃大餐的方式来庆祝这种感恩的思想。(P61)
celebrate动词,意为“庆祝;庆贺”。
考点拓展 celebration名词,意为“庆祝;庆祝会”。
“by+动名词”短语中by是介词,表示“通过……方法或途径”,意为“靠,通过”,其后要跟名词、名词性短语或动名词。
考点拓展 “by十地点名词”表示方位,意为“在……旁边;靠近”。“by十时间名词”意为“在……之前”。“by+交通工具”意为“通过……,由……,乘……”
固定搭配 by的易考短语
Grammar
by oneself独自地,单独地by the way 顺便说一声,顺便问一下by chance/by accident偶然地by mistake 误会,弄错learn by heart背会,记住one by one一个一个地step by step一步一步地
16 Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner.下面是感恩节大餐制作火鸡的一种方法。(P61)
way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”,不定式短语做定语,修饰前面的名词way。way to do sth.相当于way of doing sth. othe best way to do sth.表示“做某事的最好方法”。
那不是拿剪刀的正确方法。That’s not the right way to hold a pair of scissors.
Grammar
这是学习英语的最好方法。It’s the best way to study English.
考点拓展 show sb. the way to...告知某人去……的路;the way to...去……的路;on one’s/the way to在去……的路上。
介词for在句中的意思是“对于,就……而言”,在have...for breakfast/lunch/supper /dinner中表示“某餐吃什么”。
你能来我家吃晚餐吗?Could you come to my home for dinner? 我们午饭吃什么,米饭还是圆面包?What shall we have for lunch, rice or buns?
注意 表示三餐的名词breakfast,lunch,supper/dinner 前习惯上不加冠词修饰,但对三餐修饰时可以加冠词。
Grammar
17 First, mix together some bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper.首先,将一些面包屑、洋葱、盐和胡椒粉混合在一起。(P61)
mix动词,意为“(使)混合;融合”。
我们应先把水和面粉搅匀。First, we should mix up water and flour.
考点拓展
“混合”不同 mix up 把……混合在一起、搅拌、搅匀后接名词,名词放在词组中间或|后面都可,若是代词it/them,代词必须放在词组中间
mix...up 使……混淆
mix...into/to 把……混合进……里指把两种不同类的事物混合在一起
Mix an egg into batter.在面糊中加进一个鸡蛋。
Grammar
18 Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.接着,把这个面包混合物填充到火鸡里。(P61)
fill动词,意为“(使)充满;装满”,fill...with...表示“用……装满……”,其主语通常是人,被动语态为be filled with。
你精彩的演讲充满正能量。Your fascinating speech is filled with positive energy. 瓶子里装满了水。The bottle was filled with water.
中考特殊考点 full“满的;饱的”,be full of 充满……的,相当于be filled with。
The glass is full of honey.=The glass is filled with honey.这个玻璃杯盛满了蜂蜜。
Grammar
19 When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.烤好后,把火鸡放到一个大盘子上,浇上肉汁。(P61)
cover动词,意为“覆盖;遮掩”,名词“封面;盖子”。
山上覆盖着雪。The hills were covered with snow. 他这本书的封皮和你那本书的封皮一样。His book has the same cover as yours.
固定搭配 cover...with...用……把……覆盖;be covered with/by...被……所覆盖。
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面的四分之三被水覆盖着。
Grammar
20 Finally, serve it to your friends with some vegetables.最后,用它和一些蔬菜招待朋友们。(P62)
serve动词,意为“接待;服务;提供”。
考点拓展 (1)serve的常见用法:
serve serve+名词、代词 提供……
serve sb. sth.=serve sth.to sb. 把某物提供给某人招待某人某物
serve sb. with sth. 用某物招待某人
serve up 端上桌(食物等);提供;上菜
Please serve the dumplings to my friends.请用水饺招待我的朋友们。Her mother served us with milk tea yesterday.她妈妈昨天用奶茶招待了我们She served up an excellent lunch.她准备了一顿丰盛的午饭。
Grammar
(2)service名词,意为“接待;服务”。
It has the friendliest service.它有最友好的服务。
21、Then, cook it at a very high temperature for a long time然后,用高温烤上一段时间。(P62)
temperature名词,意为“温度;气温;体温”。
固定搭配 have/run a temperature发烧,take one’s temperature 量体温。
I’m running a temperature and I have a headache.我在发烧而且头痛。Tom is ill. He is taking his temperature now.汤姆生病了。他现在在量体温。
注意 temperature温度,一般用high和low形容温度的高、低。
Grammar
22 To make this special food, you need to have rice noodles, chicken soup, chicken, lettuce and eggs.要想做这种特别的食物,你要有米线、鸡汤、鸡肉、生菜和鸡蛋。(P63)
“To make this special food”是动词不定式短语,在句中做目的状语,动词不定式做目的状语通常放在句子后面,如果放前面,应用逗号隔开。
为了精通一门外语,你必须努力学习它。To master a foreign language, you must work hard at it. 她刻苦学习,以便能通过考试。She studied hard to pass the exam.
注意 in order to 引导的目的状语,既可以置于句尾,也可以置于句首。
We started early in order to get there in time.为了及时到达那里,我们很早就出发了。
Grammar
单元语法点回顾
Grammar
(一)祈使句
一、语法概述
祈使句表示请求、命令、警告、劝告、禁止等意思。祈使句一般以动词原形开头,省略主语you,句末用感叹号或句号,读时常用降调。
二、祈使句的类型
类型 结构 例句
肯定形式 否定形式
Do型 实义动词原形+其他 Don’t+实义动词原形+其他 Turn on the blender.打开食物搅拌器。Don’t give up. 不要放弃。
类型 结构 例句
肯定形式 否定形式
Be型 Be+形容词 Don’t+be+形容词 Be quick! 快点儿!Don’t be shy. 不要害羞。
Let型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Let us go to school! 让我们去上学吧!Don’t let him go out.=Let him not go out.不要让他出去。
Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他.
No型 No+名词/动词-ing No photos. 禁止拍照。No smoking. 禁止抽烟。
其他 直接用名词、副词或用“名词+副词”等 Help! 救命!Quickly! 快点儿!Hands up! 举起手来!
Grammar
【拓展延伸】
(1)有时为了强调,可在句首加Do或将祈使句的主语表示出来。
Do let me go. 务必让我去。
You be quiet! 你安静!
(2)为了使祈使句的语气委婉、客气,可以在句首或句末加please,当please用在句末时,常用逗号与其余部分隔开。
Come here, please. 请到这儿来。
Please look after your pet. 请照看你的宠物。
(3)祈使句有主语时,其否定结构要将否定词don’t(或never)放在主语前。
Don’t you open the door. 你不要开门。
Grammar
三、祈使句的回答
祈使句通常表示将要发生的动作,所以回答时一般用will或won’t。回答肯定形式的祈使句用will,回答否定形式的祈使句用won’t。
—Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow. 请记得明天把你的家庭作业带到这儿来。
—OK, I will. 好的,我会的。
—Don’t be late for school again. 上学不要再迟到了。
—Sorry, I won’t. 对不起,我不会了。
四、祈使句的反意疑问句
1.肯定形式的祈使句的反意疑问句部分可用will you/won’t you。
Please keep quiet, will you? 请保持安静,好吗?
Listen to me, won’t you? 听我说,好吗?
Grammar
2.否定形式的祈使句后只能跟will you。
Don’t tell it to anyone else, will you? 不要把这件事告诉其他任何人,好吗?
3.以Let’s开头的祈使句,反意疑问句部分用shall we;以Let us开头的祈使句,反意疑问句部分用will you。
Let’s go for a walk after supper, shall we? 我们晚饭后去散步,好吗?
Let us go for a walk after supper, will you? 请让我们晚饭后去散步,好吗?
Grammar
(二)可数名词和不可数名词
一、语法概述
名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式,不可数名词没有复数形式。
二、可数名词和不可数名词的辨析
区别 可数名词 不可数名词
单复数形式 有单复数之分 没有复数形式
提问(数)量 用how many 用how much
作主语 单数形式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;复数形式作主语,谓语动词用复数形式 谓语动词用单数形式
Grammar
修饰词/短语 ①可直接用不定冠词a/an修饰,如an apple;②可用具体的数词修饰,如three books;③可用few, a few, many, some, a lot of等修饰,如a few eggs(一些鸡蛋)。 ①不能直接用a/an修饰;②如果表示确切的数量,用“单位词+of+不可数名词”结构,如two bowls of rice(两碗米饭);③可用little, a little, much, some, any, a lot of等修饰,如a little milk(一点儿牛奶)。
【特别提醒】可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of等来修饰。
三、可数名词复数的变化规则
Grammar
(4)以o字母结尾的,有生命的+es(黑人 英雄 爱吃 土豆 番茄)
Negro—Negroes hero—heroes potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes 无生命的+s 如:zoo—zoos radio—radios (5) 以f/fe结尾的,变f/fe为v+es 如:knife(刀)—knives
leaf(树叶)—leaves
(一)规则变化(þ重点)
(1)一般情况,直接在词尾+es 如:apple—apples book—books
(2) 以s/x/sh/ch结尾的,在词尾+es 如:class—classes box—boxes
(3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i再+es 如:family—families
strawberry—strawberries
Grammar
(二)不规则变化
a变为e 男人man—men 女人woman—women
oo变为ee 牙齿tooth—teeth 脚 foot—feet
单复数同形 绵羊sheep—sheep 鱼fish—fish,中国人Chinese—Chinese 日本人Japanese—Japanese
不规则变化 儿童child—children 老鼠mouse—mice
常用复数的词 shoes(鞋子) 眼镜) 裤子)socks(短袜) 筷子) 楼梯)
(三)通常情况下,当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时,变复数时只把后一个名词变为复数。但当man或woman修饰另一个名词时,变复数时要把man或woman和另一个名词一起变为复数。
an apple tree → apple trees 苹果树a man doctor → men doctors 男医生
a woman teacher → women teachers 女老师
Grammar
0 5 Writing
Writing
话题分析
Writing
本单元的话题是“食物制作”,与单元话题相关的写作内容常常是如何制作食物。一般是写出一种食物的制作过程,写明所需原材料、操作过程,最后是享用的心理感受。
※常用的词汇need,delicious,make,peel,pour,put,drink,first,next,then,finally,enjoy,turn on,milk shake,cut up,put...in /into ...,mix up,a cup of ,how many /much,pour...into..,add...to,a piece of...,till...with...,cut...into thin pieces
写好这类文章,主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式:
Writing
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Writing
※常用的句型句式How do you make a/an...?First,…next,...then,…finally,…How many...do we need?How much...do we need?To make..., we need...
Writing
※常用开头结尾句Do you like...?I made...First...To make this special food, we need...Finally mix them all up.Now you can enjoy it.I’m sure you’ll like it.They are really delicious.
经典试题
西红柿炒鸡蛋(scrambled eggs with tomatoes)是一道家常菜,它既美味可口又简单易做。根据所给提示,以“How to make scrambled eggs with tomatoes?”为题写一篇80词左右的短文。原料:一个西红柿、三个鸡蛋、一个青椒(green pepper)、盐、油(oil)步骤:
1.将西红柿和青椒切碎;2.把鸡蛋打破(break),放入碗里并搅拌;3.往鸡蛋里放些盐并搅拌;4.将平底锅(pan)加热,锅里放些油,然后放入鸡蛋、西红柿和青椒;5.翻炒两分钟即可。
Writing
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Writing
思路点拨 话题引入 喜欢,好吃,易做 do you like, easy to cook
制作过程 所需原料制作步骤 egg, tomato, pepper first…, next...., then..., finally...
制作感受 评价 you can enjoy, delicious
范文赏析 How to make scrambled eggs with tomatoes? Do you like scrambled eggs with tomatoes? The dish is easy to cook. Here’s a recipe for it. First, cut up one tomato and one green pepper. Next, break three eggs and put them into a bowl and mix them. Add some salt to the bowl and mix again. Then, heat the pan and pour some oil into the pan. Put the eggs into the pan. Later, put the tomato and the green pepper into the pan, too. Finally, cook for two minutes. Now you can enjoy it. It is really delicious.
Writing
名师点评本文的制作过程简洁而全面,条理清楚,语句通顺。1.开篇点题,用“Do you like...?“引入话题,语法规范正确。2.结构层次分明。话题引入→制作过程→对成品的感受。3.按先后顺序描写,条例清晰,层次分明。4.单元语法的运用恰到好处,无语法借误。5.结尾的自我感受很真实,语言得体。
Writing
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0 6 Exercises
Exercises
一、单项选择1.—Could you please tell me ________ to make a banana milk shake?—Yes. First, you need to get some bananas and peel them.A.when B.what C.where D.how2.— cheese do we need for a sandwich? —Two teaspoons should be enough. A. How many B. How much C. How lon D. How far3.National Day is a time ________the birth of the People’s Republic of China.A.celebrate B.celebrating C.to celebrating D.to celebrate4.—What can I do for you?—Please ________ two apples and then ________.A.peel; cut them up B.peel; cut up them C.get; cut up them D.gets; cut them up5.—How many ________ did you make?—Five. Is it enough? Do I need to make ________?A.bread; another one B.pieces of bread; one more C.pieces of bread; another piece D.bread; one more piece
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Exercises
6.—Tony, could you tell me who filled my cup ________ tea?—Sorry, I don’t know, Mr. Miller.A.of B.with C.into D.over7.Could you please ________ the radio? I want to know today's news.A.turn down B.turn back C.turn on D.turn off8.—Can I help you, madam?—I want .A.two boxes of apple B.two glass of waterC.two bowls of water D.three pieces breads9.—Let’s make tomato and beef noodles. —________. A. Sounds good B. You’re welcome C. That’s right D. Don’t worry10.Lucy, put the potatoes and salt in the bowl and ________.A.mix it up B.mix up it C.mix them up D.mix up them
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Exercises
11.—I eat birthday cakes on my birthday. What about you?—In China, our________food for birthday is long noodles. A.educational B. traditional C. personal D. international12.How much ________ and how many ________ do you need?A.butter; honey B.cheese; apples C.bananas; sugars D.yogurt; sandwich13.There ________ two pieces of turkey on the table and there ________ some pepper on the pieces of turkey.A.are; are B. is; are C.is; is D.are; is14.The baby girl is sleeping, so her mother ________ her with a coat.A.covers B.leaves C.moves D.surprises15.It’s raining heavily outside. Don’t forget ________ the window.A.to close B.close C.closing D.closes
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Exercises
二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. It's time ___________ (cover) the table with a picture. 2. My father likes apples, bananas and ___________ (watermelon).3. I had a glass of milk and two ___________(piece) of bread for breakfast.4. My father ___________ (cut) one watermelon just now.5. Don’t forget ___________ (take) your homework home.6. ____________ (one), peel some pears, and then cut them up.7. We ___________(final) went to bed at about 4 a.m. yesterday morning.8. Put ___________(they) on the sandwich, please.9. The man wanted ___________(dig) a hole on the ground to plant the tree.10. We like ___________(tradition) Chinese food, such as dumplings, noodles and Chinese rice cakes.
to cover
watermelons
pieces
cut
to take
First
finally
them
to dig
traditional
Exercises
三、汉译英:单词/短语(注意使用适当形式)1.没有人在看电视。请把它关掉。Nobody is watching TV. Please ____ __ ____.2.让我做一个香蕉奶昔吧。Let me make a banana ________ ________.3.把这些水果切碎,混合在一起。Cut up these fruits and ______ _____ _____.4.在冬天,中国的大部分地区被白雪覆盖。In winter, most parts of china ____ ________ ____ white snow.5.来云南的游客喜欢品尝特色菜,如鲜花饼、汽锅鸡、米线等等。Visitors to Yunnan like to taste special dishes, such as flower cakes, Qiguo Chicken, ________ ________ and so on.
turn it off
milk shake
mix them up
are covered with
rice noodles
Exercises
Homework
0 7 Homework
Homework
Homework
Remember the words, expressions and sentences in this unit.
Thank you!
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