Unit 6 When was it invented Section A Grammar Focus-4c 课件 2024-2025学年人教版九年级英语全册

态 语 动 被 被 The Passive Voice 动 语 态 被 语态概述 主动语态 被动语态 ◆被动语态(Passive Voice): 主语是动作的承受者 如： English is spoken by many people. 英语被很多人说。 (被动语态，句子的主语English是动作speak的承受者). ◆主动语态(Active Voice): 表示主语是动作的执行者。如： Many people speak English. 很多人说英语。 (句子的主语Many people 是动作speak的执行者). 被动语态结构探索 “be+done+(by)”构成。 结构 be有人称,数和时态的变化。 ①其中by意为“被...由...” 表示动作的执行者 分析 玻璃杯是那个男孩打碎的。 The glass is broken by that boy. 常见时态的被动语态结构 时态 被动结构 例句 一般 现在时 am/is/are＋过去分词 The classroom is cleaned every day. 这间教室每天都打扫。 一般 过去时 was/were＋过去分词 Our school was built in 1998. 我们的学校是1998年建造的。 常见时态的被动语态结构 时态 被动结构 例句 一般 将来时 will be＋过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 运动会将于明天举行。 现在 完成时 have/has been＋过去分词 The bank has been built. 银行已经建成了。 常见时态的被动语态结构 时态 被动结构 例句 现在进行时 be(am/is/are)+ being+过去分词 The proposal is being considered now. 这个提案现在正在被考虑。 过去进行时 be(was/were)+ being+过去分词 Mr. Wu was in hospital. When we went to see him, he was being operated on. 常见时态的被动语态结构 时态 被动结构 例句 含情态 动词 情态动词＋be＋过去分词 The bike can't be put here. 这辆自行车不能被放在这里。 主动语态和被动语态的转化 They make bikes in the factory. 主 谓 宾 第一步 宾变主来，主变宾 第二步 谓变 be done, 时不变 第三步 注意数格，抄其余，加by+宾格。 by them in the factory. are made Bikes 提示：点击钥匙触发动画 将下列句子变为被动语态 1. He eats an apple a day . 2. I bought some books yesterday. 3. We should clean our classroom every day. 4. Mom will write a book next year. An apple is eaten by him a day. Some books were bought by me yesterday. Our classroom should be cleaned by us every day. A book will be written by mom next year. 被动语态的特殊情况 1.主动句中的宾语补足语如果是不带to的不定式，如make/see/feel/hear/notice sb.do sth.等，在变被动句时，，要还原动词不定式符号to. ①一感：feel ② 二听：hear, listen to ③ 三使：let, make, have ④四看：see, watch,look at, notice I saw him dance at home. He was seen to dance at home. She made him play the piano. He was made to play the piano. 被动语态的特殊情况 2. 在带双宾语（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）的主动结构的句子，变为被动语态时只能将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语需要保留。注意：如果保留的是间接宾语（人），要在间接宾语（人）之前加介词to和for。 （1）to型结构（常见的动词give,send,take,bring,pass) e.g. She gave me a gift. = I was given a gift by her. (直接宾语） A gift was given to me by her. (间接宾语） 被动语态的特殊情况 3. 在带双宾语（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）的主动结构的句子，变为被动语态时只能将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语需要保留。注意：如果保留的是间接宾语（人），要在间接宾语（人）之前加介词to和for。 （1）for型结构（常见的动词buy,make,find,get) e.g. Mother bought me a shirt. = A shirt was bought for me by mother.(间接宾语） 4. 主动表被动 1.某些由及物动词转化而来的不及物动词。 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，如：read, write, clean, wash, draw, cut, open, sell等，当它们和well, badly, easily，smoothly等副词连用时，表示主语的自然属性特征，是不及物动词，这时不用被动语态。如： （1）The pen writes smoothly.这支钢笔写起来特别流利。 （2）These goods sells well. 被动语态的特殊情况 5. 主动表被动 2. 动词need, require, want等后接v- ing的主动结构表示被动意义，=sth.needs/requires/wants to be done. 如： The car needs cleaning. 这辆汽车需要清洗了。 3. 有些动词如cook, print等，常用主动结构表示被动意义。 如：The lunch is cooking.午饭正在做。 被动语态的特殊情况 5. 主动表被动 4. 某些连系动词如feel, prove, smell, taste, sound,look等加上形容词，也可用主动形式表示被动意义。 如：The food tastes delicious.这种食物味道很美。 5. be worth doing“值得做”，表示被动含义。 如：The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。 被动语态的特殊情况 6. 不能用被动语态的情况 ①谓语为不及物动词（短语）时，不用被动语态。 e.g. The war broke out in the end. 战争终于爆发了。 ②表示“发生”的happen或take place，appear, disappear, belong to ,无被动结构。 e.g. The story happened on a cold night. 故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。 被动语态的特殊情况 7. 固定句型 It is +过去分词+ that +从句及其他类似句型 It is said that…据说…… It is reported that…据报道…… It is believed that … 人们相信…… It is suggested that …据建议…… 中考演练 1. Hurry up! The exam must ______ in 10 minutes. A. finish B. be finished C. is finished 2. Today a lot of information can _______ online. A. receive B. be received C. is received D. receiving 3.In the past few years, thousands of films ________ all over the world. A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 中考演练 4. —Lily, will you go to Jenny's birthday party this Saturday? —I'm not sure. Because I ______ so far. A. haven't invited B. wasn't invited C. haven't been invited D. will be invited 5.Everything ______ in our school since 2009. Now, it ______ very modern. A. is changed; is looked B. is changed; looks C. has changed; is looked D. has changed; looks 中考演练 ( )6.Another bridge over the Jialing River ______ last year. A．Builds B．built C．is built D．was built ( )7.When I was young，I ______ by my grandparents. A．look after B．looked after C．am looked after D．was looked after 中考演练 ( )7.More trees ______ every year to make our city greener. A．is planted B．are planted C．was planted D．were planted ( )8.Earth Day ___in 1970 for the first time, and the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and religions. A．celebrated B．was celebrated C．is celebrated D．has been celebrated 中考演练 ( )9.Basketball ______ in 1891.Then in 1936 in Berlin，it became an event at the Olympics. A．plays B．is played C．was played D．played ( )7.—Have you tasted baozza，a mixture of pizza and baozi? —Sure.Thousands of baozza ______ at a baozi factory in Yangzhou each day next month. A．will make B．makes C．was made D. will be made 4a Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 1. They sold the fridge at a low price. The fridge was sold at a low price. 2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. My camera was stolen from my hotel room. 3. Where did you take these photos? Where were these photos taken? 4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. __________________________________ 5. Different writers translated the book into different languages. __________________________________ __________________________________ We were advised by our parents not to go out alone. The book was translated into different languages by different writers. 1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you? Why didn’t you go? 2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place. were invited eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring were brought 4b Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box. 3. The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell. 4. The students ___________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby ______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class. 5. The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them. was locked rang broke were told were eaten liked The telephone ______________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. was born was invented worked Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentence. Write the correct forms in the blanks. 4c In 1875, Mr. Bell _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone _____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world. learned was invented was said is used $$