内容正文:
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
(Words and Expressions)
UNIT 5
billion /ˈbɪljən/ n.十亿
1. 表示具体数字时,用单数
$2.3 billion
2. 表示泛指,用复数,加s :
billions of 数十亿
3. 口诀:有数字,无s;无数字,加s
4. Millionaire 百万富翁
5. Billionaire 亿万富翁
词汇积累
2
native /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的
n.本地人
be a native of... 出生于……的人
be native to 原产于
3. a native speaker 母语者
4. native country/land/language 祖国 故乡 母语
词汇积累
nat- “出生”;ive形容词后缀。
nation n.国家,民族
national adj.国家的
nationality n. 国籍
词根词缀
3
attitude /ˈætɪtju:d/ n.态度;看法
尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度,停止抱怨。
Try to have a positive attitude to/towards everything and stop complaining.
1. positive/negative attitude 积极态度/消极态度
2. have/take a(n) ... attitude to/toward ...
对……持/采取……的态度
altitude海拔高度
latitude纬度
longitude经度
multitude大量;群众
词汇拓展
词组积累
例句积累
4
reference /ˈrefrəns / n.指称关系;参考
reference to 提及
make reference to 提及
refer to……as……把……当作/称为
词组积累
单词变形
refer / rɪˈfɜ:(r) / referred , referred
vi. 提到;参考;查阅
vt. 查询;叫…求助于
趁热打铁
1. I have nothing to say in (refer) to that incident.
2. Tradition also refers the things that have been developing and that are still being created.
reference
to
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civilisation
/ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn /
n. 文明;文明世界
factor / ˈfæktə(r)/
n. 因素;要素
despite/dɪˈspaɪt/ prep. 即使;尽管
其后接名词、代词或动词-ing,不能接从句,相当于in spite of
尽管他申请了数百个工作,但仍然在失业中。
Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.
单词积累
例句积累
7
相似结构短语积累:
back and forth 来回地,
the pros and cons 赞成和反对的论据
here and there 各处,到处
on and off 断断续续地
ups and downs
短语积累
8
base/beɪs/ vt. 以…为据点;以……为基础 n. 底部;总部,基地
1. base...on/upon...把…建立在…基础之上
2. be based on/upon以……为基础;依据……
3. be based in以……为基地;以……为总部
这部电影是根据真实事件改编的。
The movie is based on a real-life incident.
based adj. 以(某事)为基础的
basic adj. 基本的;基础的
basically adv. 基本上;总的说来
basis /ˈbeɪsɪs/ n.基础
单词变形
短语积累
例句积累
9
date back (to ...) 追溯到
1. date back + 一段时间
2. date back to + 时间点 = date from... 追溯到
3. out of date 过时的
4. up to date 现代的;最新的
①Written records show that it (date) back to the Song Dynasty.
②This proverb is based on an old English law (date) back to the 17th century.
128 million RMB
短语积累
趁热打铁
dates
dating
10
bone / bəʊn / n.骨头
shell /ʃel / n.壳;壳状物
11
symbol /ˈsɪmbl/ n. 符号;象征
carve/ kɑ:v/ vt. & vi 雕刻
a/the symbol of ... ……的象征
symbolize v. 象征;使用符号
短语积累
词汇变形
12
dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n.王朝;朝代
global /'gləʊbəl/
adj.全球的;全世界的
13
variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化
1. a variety of… 各种各样的……
= varieties of = various
2. vary in 在……方面变化
various adj. 各种各样的
vary v.改变,变化
词汇变形
短语积累
趁热打铁
1. There are different kinds of trees as well as a (various) of animals.
2. Libraries will often hold reading-group sessions targeted to _________ (vary) age groups.
variety
various
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major/ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ adj.主要的; n.主修课程;
vi.主修;专门研究
1. major in v.主修……
2. the majority of 大多数……
反:minor adj.次要的
majority n.多数;大多数
短语积累
词汇积累
趁热打铁
1. The (major)of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
2. It is not their interest but the need of the market that affects students’s choices of college (major).
majority
majors
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no matter where, who, what…
不论……;不管……
no matter what/how/where/when…是一个引导让步状语从句的连词结构,意为 “无论(什么、怎样、哪里、何时等)……”,可置于句首、句中和句尾。
无论这兔子跑多快,都无法逃过那大灰狼。
No matter how fast the rabbit ran, it could not escape the big grey wolf.
任何人,无论是谁,都要接受身份检查。
Any person, no matter who they are, must go through an identity check.
不管你说什么,我都要离开。
I’ll leave anyway, no matter what you say.
16
dialect /'daɪəlekt/ n.地方话;方言
calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/
n.书法;书法艺术
17
means /mi:nz/ n.方式;方法;途径
(单复数同形)
1. means of(doing)sth. (做)某事的方法
2. by this means 通过这种方式
3. by no means 一点儿也不,决不
①All means (have)been tried out without much result.
②Students build up their vocabularies means of reading more.
词汇积累
趁热打铁
have
by
18
classic /ˈklæsɪk/ adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的
n.经典作品
19
regard /rɪˈgɑ:d/ n.尊重;关注 vt.把……视为;看待
1. regard/consider...as... 认为……是……
2. have a high regard for... 钦佩/敬重……
3. give one's regards to...代某人向……问候
我们一直把他看作朋友。
We always regard him as a friend.
词汇积累
例句积累
20
character /'kærəktə(r)/
n. 文字;符号;角色;品质;特点
characteristic n.特点;特性
appreciate [əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt]
vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;领会
vi. 增值
1. appreciation n.欣赏;感激
2. appreciate(one’s)doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事
3. show/express/ convey my appreciation to sb for sth.
因为某事向某人表达感激
4. I would appreciate it if you could do ...
如果……,我将不胜感激。
①His talents are not fully (appreciate) in that company.
②I really appreciate (have) this opportunity to work in your company.
词汇积累
趁热打铁
appreciated
having
22
struggle
n. & vi. 斗争;奋斗;搏斗
1. struggle for... 努力争取……;为……而斗争
2. struggle against/with... 与……做斗争
3. struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
4. struggle to one's feet 某人挣扎着站起来
[ˈstrʌɡl]
1. 她艰难地站起来。
She struggled to her feet.
2. 他同癌症抗争了两年。
He struggled against/with cancer for two years.
词汇积累
例句积累
23
point of view
观点;看法
在我看来:
1. in my view/opinion
2. from my point of view
3. as far as I am concerned
24
beg
/beg/
vt. 恳求;祈求;哀求
他们向他请求帮助
They begged him for help.
他求她不要离开。
He begged her not to go.
1. beg sb for sth 向某人请求……
2. beg sb to do sth 请求某人做某事
词汇积累
例句积累
25
equal
n.同等的人;相等物
adj. 相同的;同样的
v. 等于
[ˈiːkwəl]
1. be equal to 等于,与……相等;胜任
2. be equal in在……相同
3. equally adv.平等地
4. equality n.平等
①I’m trying to do what is best, but (equal) I’ve got to consider the cost.
②They live and work together in complete (equal) and brotherhood.
③Be positive and cheerful,for your mental health is equal your physical health.
词汇积累
趁热打铁
equally
equality
to
26
gap
n.间隔;开口;差距
gap year 空档年
generation gap 代沟
gap between the rich and the poor 贫富差距
[ɡæp]
他们阔别二十年后又见面了。
They met again after a gap of 20 years.
词汇积累
例句积累
27
demand [dɪˈmɑːnd]
n.要求;需求
vt. 强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that...(should) do... 要求……(应该)做……
我坚决要求见经理。
I demand to see the manager.
工人们要求提高工资和改善工作条件。
The workers demanded that they (should) get better pay and conditions.
词汇积累
例句积累
28
description
/dɪˈskrɪpʃn/
n.描写(文字);形容
1. give a description of形容;描述
2. beyond description无法形容;难以描述
3. describe vt.形容;描述
4. describe ... as...把……描绘成……
①He has been described the world’s greatest violinist.
②At this present moment, I have a joy inside of me which is ____ description.
③As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible
(describe) them all in a short text.
词汇积累
趁热打铁
as
beyond
to describe
29
relate [rɪˈleɪt] vt. 联系;讲述
1. relate sth.to sb. 向某人讲述某事
2. relate sth to sth 将……与……联系
3. be related to... 与……有关
relation/relationship n.关系,联系
relative n.亲戚,亲属;
related adj. 有关系的,有关联的;讲述的
他给记者们讲述了这件事的实际情况
He related the facts of the case to journalists.
这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关
Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.
30
Thank you!
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