2025年中考英语语法复习之被动语态专题练习

2024-2025初中英语被动语态（passive voice）专题练习 英语句子有主动语态和被动语态之分。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。如果我们不知道或没必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或需要强调动作的承受者，就要用到被动语态。 一、主动语态变被动语态的方法 【例句】我们每天打扫教室。 主动语态：We clean our classroom every day. 主语 谓语 宾语 被动语态：Our classroom is cleaned by us every day. 主语 谓语 宾语 【口诀】宾提前变主，主变介by宾，谓语“be + done”，状语不用变。 【说明】主动语态变被动语态一般分四步： 1. 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语； 2. 将主动语态的谓语结构变为被动语态的谓语结构，即“be +动词的过去分词”； 3. 将主动语态中的主语放在介词by后，by短语通常位于被动谓语结构之后； 4. 主动语态中的时间、地点状语等在被动语态中不变。 二、一般现在时的被动语态的否定、疑问形式 一般现在时的被动语态的否定形式是在am, is, are后加not； 一般疑问句形式是将am, is, are提到句首；特殊疑问句形式是“疑问词+一般疑问句”结构。如： The desk is made by him. (肯定句) The desk is not made by him. (否定句) Is the desk made by him? (一般疑问句) What is the desk made of? (特殊疑问句) 三、主动语态变被动语态时常见错误分析 主动语态变被动语态时，初学者常犯以下两种错误： 1. 误用人称代词 Jim often sees us. → 【误】Us are often seen (by Jim). 【正】We are often seen (by Jim). 【析】如果主动语态句子的宾语是人称代词，在变被动语态时要用其对应的主格形式。 2. 混淆主、被动谓语结构 Does he do a lot of work every day? → 【误】Does a lot of work done (by him) every day? 【正】Is a lot of work done (by him) every day? 【析】不要把主、被动谓语结构混在一起，尤其在否定句和疑问句中。 四、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以do为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 初中常考三种被动语态： ✮一般现在时：am／is／are＋done ✮一般过去时：was／were＋done ✮一般将来时：will／ be＋done 情态动词的被动语态：should/can/must/may/might/have to be ＋done 　 高中： 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋done 过去进行时：was／were being＋done 　 现在完成时：have／has been＋done 　　歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 【趁热打铁】 Ⅰ. 单项选择。 1. Many trees and flowers ___________ in our school last year. A. plant B. planted C. have planted D. were planted 2. It’s said that 215 more new schools ___________ in this city in 2026. A. are building B. were built C. have built D. will be built 3. The medicine _____ in a dry and cool place. A. keep B. must keep C. must be keep D. must be kept 4. The book should ______ to the library on time. A. give back B. return C. be returned D. returned 5._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?   A.Is; built         B.Was; bulit          C.Does; build          D.Did; build 6. I ______ to have a part-time job now. A. am not allow B. not allow C. don’t allow D. am not allowed 7. Cotton(棉花)____ in the southeast of China  A. is grown        B.are grown          C.grows          D.grow 8. _____ middle school students allowed to use mobile phone at school now ? A. Do B. Did C. Are D. Can 9. .--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.    A.did; use         B.was; used            C.is; used          D.are; used 10. A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.        A. is given           B. has been given            C. will be given             D. gives 11. The monkey was seen _____ off the tall tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump 12. .He says that Mr. Zhang _____ to the factory next week.       A.is sent            B.would send         C.was sent      D.will be sent 13. —Could you tell me whom the radio ______ by? —Sorry, I have no idea. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 14. — _____ you _____ to the party last night? —Yes, I had a good time there. A. Did; invite B. Are; invited C. Were; inviting D.Were; invited 15. The writing brush is used ____ writing _____ the teacher. A. for; by B. by; for C. as; by D. by; as 16. —Does he often clean his room? —Yes. His room _____ every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. cleaned 17. It is ____ that our team will win the match. A. believe B. believing C. to believe D. believed 18. You can go and play football when your work _____ . A. has work B. is done C. will be done D. was done 19. This kind of food is cooked by a cook _____ Jack. A. call B. calls C. called D. calling 20. Our classroom _______ every day, so it’s very clean. A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleaned 21. It’s common knowledge that black tea _____ in China more than 600 years ago. A．is invented B．was invented C．invents D．invented 22. Our teacher told us the sun _____ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rising D. rises 23. As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _____ in more and more schools out of our country now. A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught 24. —There is a lot of wind in North China. —Well, more trees _____ every year to stop the wind. A. must be planted B. can planted C. should planted 25. Pens are used ______writing . A. as B. for C. in D. to 26. The PRC ______ on October 1, 1949. A. was found B. is found C. was founded D. is founded 27. He ____ to swim in West Lake yesterday. A. see B. seen C. was seen D. was seeing 28. ___________ is reported that Donald Trump will be the president of the USA. A. It B. That C. This D. Those Ⅱ. 请根据单词用适当形式完成英语句子，每空一词。 1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 2. That play ________ _______ ____(put) on again sometime next month. 3. The old man is ill. He ___ ________ ___ (must send) to the hospital. 4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop every day. 5. What _______ a knife ______ (make) of? It ________ _______(make) of metal and wood. 6. A Piano concert ________ _____(give) here last Friday. 7. ______ the magazine _______ ________(can take) out of the library? 8. The room ______ _______ (clean) by me every day. 9. The stars _______ _________ ______ (can see) in the daytime. 10. Some flowers ______ ______ ________(water) by Li Ming already. 11. These kinds of machines _____ _____(make) in Japan last week. 12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm. 13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China. 14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling. 15. The cinema ______ _____ (build) in 1985. 16. The bike ______ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here. 17. A beautiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next Monday . 18. This kind of machine ______ _____ ________(can make) by Uncle Wang. 19. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927. 2024-2025初中英语被动语态（passive voice）专题练习 参考答案 一、 1-5DDDCB 6-10DACBC 11-15DDDDA 16-20CDBCC 21-25BDBAB 26-28CCA 二、 1.are told 2. will be put 3. must be sent 4. are sold 5. is made,is made 6. was given 7. Can,be taken 8.is cleaned 9. can be seen 10. have been watered 11. were made 12. are grown 13. is learned 14. are used 15. was built 16. mustn’t be put 17. will be drawn 18. can be made 19. was founded 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$