2025年人教版初中英语高阶思维阅读 写作意图题解题策略 讲义

初中英语高阶思维阅读 写作意图题 解题策略 作者意图题解题时不仅需要读懂文章的表层意思，还要理解其深层含义，洞悉作者的写作目的。通常来说，作者的写作意图主要有以下三类，根据首字母可记忆成PIE（派）。P指Persuade（劝说），I指Inform（告知），E指Entertain（娱乐）。写作意图为Persuade时，作者试图让读者相信某种观点，或是劝说读者采取某种行为。写作意图为Inform时，作者试图向读者传递某种特定的信息或事实。写作意图为Entertain时，作者试图通过文章来让读者感到开心愉悦。解析该类题，首先需要明悉文章的体裁，并根据文章的主旨大意、细节信息、写作手法等来获知作者的写作意图。 1、 命题方式 这类试题通常出现在阅读理解题中，常以如下句式提问： 1. What’s the purpose of writing the passage? _______（重庆2023A） 2. The writer’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ________. （重庆2022A） 3. The writer writes Para. 3 to show ________. （重庆2022B） 4. The passage mainly wants to tell us that ________. (重庆2021A) 二、选项特征 1. 正确选项的特征 (1) 含有抽象名词或概括性词汇的选项往往是正确答案； (2) 较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的选项一般是答案项。注意：重点留意转折词（however, but yet, while, otherwise等）后面总结性的句子，正确答案往往出现在转折词后。 2. 干扰选项的特征 (1) 以偏概全，以部分段落的内容作为全文的答案； (2) 以全概偏，题目问的是特定段落的作者意图，却选了全文的作者意图； (3) 无中生有，文章中没有出现的内容，过度发散或推理； (4) 偷换概念，细节处被偷换，如改了主语或宾语，不仔细非常容易选错。 三、4招巧解推理判断题 第1招：看文体  Persuade（劝说类）文章中，commercial（商业类）、review（评论类，如书评）、advertisement（广告类）体裁的文章的写作目的是为了劝说读者购买特定商品、接受某种产品或服务、或加入某种组织。而opinion（观点类）体裁的文章的写作目的主要是为了让读者赞同作者的想法或观点；Inform（告知类）文章，如教材、新闻报刊、杂志、百科全书、菜谱等，其主要目的是为了向读者传递信息；Entertainment（娱乐类）文章，如科幻小说、悬疑小说、奇幻作品、漫画等，其主要目的是为了让读者开心愉悦。   例1 The friendship between humans and dogs possibly began 14,000 years ago. Here are four examples of “a dog’s life” in the human world today. Treated like a queen Tiffy is one of these dogs. Her owner, Nancy Jane Loewy, treats her like a queen. She patiently prepares Tiffy’s meals of meat, fish, chicken and different kinds of fresh vegetables. Tiffy also eats yogurt and biscuits after dinner. Loewy’s husband has a very good job and her two sons are away at university, so she has the time and money to treat Tiffy very well, and she truly enjoys doing it. “I want to give her the healthiest, most wonderful life as long as possible,” she says. Food sniffer dogs Food sniffer dogs work at international airport in the United States. Their job is to smell and find illegal fruits, vegetables and other foods in bags and mail. These foods sometimes bring insects and diseases which could be dangerous for plants and animals. The dog calmly sits down next to anything that smells suspicious. The dog’s human partner then checks for illegal foods. Sniffer dogs are friendly and cute, so they don’s scare people as they sniff through the crowds. More importantly, these dogs have an astonishing nose for food. They can find food in bags 84% of the time. Animal carers Jessie is a whipper that visits very sick children in hospital. She shows them her love and when they feel down, Jessie makes them happy. Jessie helps patients to stay strong during their time in hospital. There are many different kinds of animals that help people. We train “service dogs” to help people with physical disabilities. The best-known service dogs are guides for blind, but they can also learn to open and close doors, turn lights on and off, pick up objects from the floor and even pull wheelchairs. Doggie detectives Search-and-rescue (SAR) dogs use their amazing noses to find people. They can smell tiny clues that people leave wherever they go. These include bacteria, small pieces of clothing and hairs. They may find missing hikers and search through rubble after earthquakes and other disasters. Question: What’s the purpose of the passage?    A. To introduce different kinds of food sniffer dogs. B. To tell the readers the importance of protecting animals. C. To show the special relationships between dogs and humans. D. To share with the readers the pleasure of keeping dogs as pets. 解题：通读文章后，可知这篇文章属于说明文，介绍了人类世界里四类犬的生活方式，揭示了人类与犬的特殊关系。作者的写作意图为Inform（告知），选B。 第2招：看主旨  根据不同文体特点确定主旨句，把握文章主旨，推断写作意图。 例2 2021 is the year of ox (牛). In March, a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting, Five Oxen, came out. It allows more people to know better the great art of ancient China, as well as the importance of agriculture (农业) in history. Han Huang (723 – 787) was the painter of Five Oxen. He worked as a government official in the Tang Dynasty. His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive. Unluckily, Five Oxen is probably his only painting left. Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China’s art history. In the paining, the five oxen are in a line. They are of different colors and shapes. And each has a different appearance (形态), walking or standing, holding their heads high or low. With lively expressions and bright eyes, the oxen show the spirit of doing hard work without complaints (抱怨). As the names suggests, the painting is of the five oxen with no special background. It makes people focus on the oxen themselves. The painting was missing in 1990. Luckily, it returned to China during the early 1950s. However, it was terribly broken with many holes in it. Great efforts were made to save it. Now Five Oxen, probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper, is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Question: The passage mainly wants to tells us that ___________. A. Five Oxen is Han’s only painting left B. oxen have different colors and shapes C. oxen are very hard-working animals D. Five Oxen is valuable and meaningful   解题：A选项是第二段的一个细节信息，不是文章主旨，排除。B选项是文中未提到信息（原文第三段提到《五牛图》里的牛有不同的颜色和形态），排除。C选项是文中未出现信息，排除。文章第一段最后一句是揭示了全文主旨，结合全文信息，可知作者写这篇文章主要是介绍《五牛图》的珍贵和其价值，选D。 第3招：看细节。  立足题干所指段落，锁定关键信息，利用该段上下文内容确定某一段落或细节的写作意图。  例3 【Para. 3】A net of tubes runs under the ice. High-pressure liquid (液态) CO2 goes through them to create heat (热) exchange. The CO2 evaporates (蒸发) under the ice surface. The evaporation takes in heat and turns water on the surface into ice. And the CO2 goes into another circle. This technology helps to make ice better and faster. And above all, it is much greener because there’s no new CO2 produces. Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics, 7 used the CO2 direct cooling technology to make ice. As a result, much less pollution was caused. Question: The writer writes Para. 3 to show ___________. A. why the CO2 goes into another circle B. how the new ice-making technology helped C. how sporting places used the new technology D. why the liquid CO2 runs through the net of tubes 解题：通过第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍了新的制冰技术是如何实现节能减排，从而助力环境保护的，选B。 第4招：看写作手法  在文章开头提出问题或介绍与主题有关的其他事物，写作目的一般为引入主题；举例或引用某人的话，写作目的一般为论证观点； 如果作者运用对比手法，其写作目的一般为显示事物矛盾，突出被表现事物的本质特征，加强感染力。 【Para. 1】There are still many problems of environmental protection in recent years. One of the most serious problems is the serious pollution of air, water and soil. The polluted air does great harm to people’s health. The polluted water causes diseases and death. What is more, vegetation has been greatly reduced with the rapid growth of modern city. Question: The writer writes Para. 1 to show ___________. A. the rapid growth of modern cities B. the serious problems of environment C. air is not fresh and water is not clean D. dirty water causes diseases and death 解题：文章第一段开头通过一个陈述句介绍与本文主题“环境保护”相关的背景问题。其写作目的是通过介绍问题来引入“环境保护”的主题，选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$