Unit 8 People and Events 情态动词Modal Verbs课件-2024-2025学年中职英语高教版（2023修订版）基础模块1

情态动词Modal Verbs Contents 动词分类 定义 特征 常见用法 情态动词 动词分类 动词 实意动词 连系动词 助动词 情态动词 有实际意义的动词 无动词意义，连接作用 本身无意义，起帮助作用do, does, did 可独立作谓语 不独立作谓语 She is a dancer. He reads English everyday. I do not like the red coat. Andy can play the piano.. 表示情绪和态度，增加感情色彩 阅读以下短对话，标出其中的情态动词和实义动词。 A: Can you give me a few minutes? B: Sorry, I can’t. I’m running out of time now. A: I want to be a good mechanic in the future. Then you should be a good learner first. P109A14 阅读以下短对话，标出其中的情态动词和实义动词。 A: May I borrow your chair? B: Yes, of course. A: Tu Youyou is a great scientist, isn’t she? B: Yes. We must show our respect for her. A: Did you know that Jim had some serious health problems? B: Oh, yes. He ought to stop smoking right now. P109A14 教学目标 掌握情态动词的定义和常见的情态动词 正确使用情态动词 能用情态动词造句 情态动词定义 表示说话人的 情：情感 态：态度 和语气的词。 You beat me.你揍我。 You can beat me.你能揍我。 You may beat me.你可以揍我。 You must beat me.你必须揍我。 常见的情态动词CMS can could may must should1（ought to) should2 C M S might 2、情态动词+动词原形一起做谓语。 She can speak Japanese. 1、不能单独做谓语。 We should help her. 3. 无人称和数的变化 Jim can play the violin. 特征 例句 情态动词 + V原 情态动词特征 They _____ speak Russian. Lucy and Lily _____ play table tennis. can can Grammar Could you teach me a little bit about it? More people could buy paper and use it to record and share knowledge. I can’t live without it. Should I go there? The Jingzhang Railway must go through an area of hills and mountains. P109 请找出下列句子中的谓语部分。 C: can用法 1). 表示能力、技能。 She can run fast, but I can’t. 她能跑得快，但我不能。 Can you swim? 你会游泳吗？ 2). 表示请求、允许。 --- Can I leave now? 我现在可以离开了吗？ --- Yes, you can. ( No, you can’t.) 3). 表示推测，译为“可能”，常用于否定句、疑问句中，此时can’t译为“不可能”。 Can the news be true? 这个消息会是真的吗？ This can’t be done by him. 这个不可能是他干的。 1). 在疑问句中，此时could并不是can的过去式，只是表示委婉的语气。 --- Could you do me a favor? 您能帮我个忙吗？ --- Yes, I can. ( No, I’m afraid not.) 是的，我能。（不，我恐怕不能。） 2). 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。 They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. 他们已经改变了时刻表，因此我们可以乘公交车去。 This hall can hold 500 people at least. 这个大厅至少可以容纳500个人。 C: could用法 小试牛刀 --Could I borrow your dictionary? --Of course you ____________.[陕西省] A. can          B. must        C. should       D. will A 解析：could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。 小试牛刀 --Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom? --No. It ________be Tom. He has gone to Paris. A. may not       B. needn't        C. can't C 解析：因为汤姆不在这里，所以不可能是他。 一Mary，__________you speak Chinese? 一Yes，only a little． A must         B need       C may  D．can D 解析：can表示能够。 M：may, might 的用法 1). 表请求和允许，might比may语气更委婉。 You may take whatever you want. 你想要什么就拿什么。 --- May (Might) I smoke here? 我可以在这里吸烟吗？ --- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t/ mustn’t.) 是的，你能。（不，你不能/禁止。） M：may, might 的用法 2). 表示推测可能（不用于疑问句），might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。 He may/ might be busy now. 他可能现在很忙吧。 Your mother may /might not know the truth. 你妈妈可能不知道真相。 小试牛刀 --- Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting? --- I am not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He ____ know. A. can B. may C. need D. would B 解析：may表示推测时语气不十分肯定；might口气委婉。把握更小。 关于“猜测”的表达 --Who can it be? --- It must be Mr Hu.I know him well. --- It may be Mr Hu, but I am not sure. ---It can’t be Mr Hu, I saw him in the library just now. 表示猜测: must用于肯定猜测 can用于否定、疑问猜测 may表示不确定猜测 M：must, have to的用法 1). 两词都表示“必须、必要”的意思。have to强调客观需要，must是说话人主观的看法。 My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害，因此我不得不半夜里把医生请来。 ---Must we hand in our homework today? 我们必须今天上交作业吗？ ---Yes, you must. ( No, you don’t have to/ you needn’t.) 是的，你必须。（不，你不必。） M：must, have to的用法 2). have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。 He had to look after his sister at home yesterday. 昨天他不得不在家照看妹妹。 3）表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）。 Your mother must be waiting for you now. 你的妈妈一定正在等着你。 小试牛刀 --Must we finish giving out the posters today? --Yes, we _______. It can't be put off any longer. A. can                  B. may                  C. must C 解析：由must引起的一般疑问句，其肯定答语要用must，不能用can或may。 S：shall的用法 (1). 用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。 (2). 用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方的许诺、命令、警告或威胁。 You shall get an answer from me tomorrow. 明天你就会得到我的答复。 Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? 汤姆明天可以和我一起去吗？ Shall I wear the evening dress for your party? 我可以穿晚礼服参加你的晚会吗？ (1). 用来提供帮助、提出建议，要求对方给出意见。 (2). 表达义务、职责等，应当... I think today’s children should really learn to respect their elders. 我认为当今的孩子应该好好学习尊敬长辈。 Should I help you with the community affairs? 我可以帮你做一些社区事务吗？ S：should的用法 常用问答语1 --May I have a dance with you? --Yes, you may. --No, you mustn‘t/can’t/may not. --Can you feel my heart? --Yes, I can. --No, I can't. --Must I reply to you right away? --Yes, you must./ --No, you needn't./ you don't have to. --Need I get you a glass of water? --Yes, you must./ --No, you needn't./ don't have to. --Will you have a talk with me? --Yes, I will. --No, I won't/ can't. -Could I use your phone? Yes, of course you can.(肯定回答不能用could) --Shall I have a talk with you? --Yes, you can. --No, you can't. 常用问答语2 1.______she go to the meeting? No, she _____. A. must, shouldn’t B.must, needn’t C. may, couldn’t D. need, can’t 2. --- Joe, you_____ make that mistake again. --- Sorry, I won’t, sir. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. won’t D. might not. B B 小试牛刀 3.“No Smoking” means you ___ smoke here. A. Won't B. Needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't C 小试牛刀 4._ _ you wait a few more minutes？ It'll be your turn soon. A. Must B. Should C. Could D. Might C 5. Hurry up, or you _ _ catch the train. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't 6. I told him to get here, but perhaps I ___ him a map. A. should have given B. had to give C. ought to give D. must have given A C 小试牛刀 将以下句子与对应的建议相匹配。 Read and match. A. You can close the window. B. You should go to bed early. C. You may eat less and do more sports. D. You should really do it yourself. E. You ought to see a doctor. 1) I want Jim to say sorry to Mary for me. 2) I am getting fat. 3) It’s too noisy outside. 4) I am not feeling very well. 5) I have difficulty getting up early. D C A B E 用适当的情态动词和所给动词补全以下对话。 Read and complete. 1) — 　　　　　 you 　　　　　 (help) me? I 　　　　　 (not work) it out by myself. — Yes, of course. 2) — 　　　　　 I 　　　　　 (use) your pen? I forgot to bring mine. — Of course. You 　　　　　 (find) it in my schoolbag. Could help can’t work May / Could use can find 用适当的情态动词和所给动词补全以下对话。 Read and complete. 3) — Ah! The message says I have won big money. — Don’t be a fool. This 　　　　　 (not be) true. They 　　　　　 (be) cheating you. 4) — 　　　　　 I 　　　　　 (wear) jacket or suit tomorrow? — You 　　　 　　 (wear) suit as the meeting is formal. 5) — What 　　　　　 we 　　　　　 (do) to protect our environment? — We 　 　　　 　 (reduce) CO2 and plant more trees. can’t be Should wear should / must must be should do should / ought to / must reduce 1.You _____ use my dictionary. 2.______ I use your keys? 3.He _____ be very busy now . 4.______ you stay young forever. Exercises 用may或might填空 may may May Might 1.--- Must I finish the work before five o'clock? --- No, you________. A. needn't B. mustn't C. have to D. must 2. You________go and ask Mary. She________know the answer. A. must; can B. must; may C. need; can D. can; may 3.You_____go and see a doctor because you are ill. A. must B. may C. can’t D. should A D D will, would的用法 1). 表示“将、将要、会、自愿做……”等。 People will die without air or water. 人离开水和空气将会死的。 2). will表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。 Will/ Would you please pass me the ball, please? 您能递给我这个球吗？ Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去吗？ need, dare的用法 1). need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。 You needn’t come so early. 你不必这么早来。 --- Need I finish the work today? 我有必要今天完成作业吗？ --- Yes, you must. (No, you needn’t.) 是的，你必须。（不，你不必。) need, dare的用法 2). dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。 How dare you say I’m unfair? 你怎敢说我不公平呢？ He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he? 他不敢在这么多人面前说英语，他敢吗？ need, dare的用法 3). dare和 need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。 在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。 在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。 而need后面只能接带to的不定式。 I dare to swim across this river. 我敢在这条河上游泳。 He doesn’t dare (to) answer. 他不敢回答。 He needs to finish his homework today. 他今天需要完成作业 need, dare的用法 4). need后面接doing表示被动：need doing = need to be done. The washing machine needs repairing. = The washing machine needs to be repaired. 洗衣机需要（被）修理。 had better的用法 表示“最好”，相当于一个助动词，只有一种形式，后面要跟动词原形，否定形式 had better (not) do sth. It is pretty cold. You’d better put on my coat. （注：You’d better =You had better） 天很冷，你最好把我的大衣穿上。 Lavf57.62.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 Lavf57.62.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $$