Unit 3 Helping people 单词讲解讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选修第二册

拓展创新学程二第三单元单词讲解 mourn 1　 He was still mourning his brother's death. 他仍然在为哥哥的去世而悲伤。 2　 She mourned for her lost childhood.她为失去的童年而伤感。 shatter He dropped the vase and it shattered into pieces on the floor. 他失手把花瓶掉到地板上摔碎了。 utter She did not utter a word during lunch. uphold - upheld 1　 We have a duty to uphold the law.维护法律是我们的责任。 2　 uphold a conviction/an appeal/a complaint 维持原判；受理上诉╱申诉 3　 an upholder of traditional values支持传统价值观的人 fulfil 1　 fulfilled his promise/dream/hope 实现 (承诺、梦想、希望等) 2　 fulfil the tasks 完成 (任务、角色); 达到 (要求) 3　 If something fulfils you, or if you fulfil yourself, you feel happy and satisfied with what you are doing or with what you have achieved. 使感到满足 4　 She has courageously continued to lead a fulfilled life. 她已勇敢地继续过一种心满意足的生活。 distressing 1　 It is very distressing to see your baby attached to tubes and monitors. 看到你的孩子插着管子，连着监控器，真是令人担忧。 2　 A distressingly large number of firms have been breaking the rules.  违规经营的公司数目之大，令人担忧。 prosperous -- prosperity 1　 the youngest son of a relatively prosperous family. 2　 …一个相对富裕的家庭里的小儿子。 3　 a prosperous New Year 新年发达 inadequate 1　 inadequate supplies供应短缺 2　 I felt totally inadequate/incompetent as a parent. deploy 1　 2 000 troops were deployed in the area.那个地区部署了2 000人的部队。 2　 deploy arguments/resources 利用论据╱资源 sacrifice 1　 She sacrificed everything for her children. 2　 She made many sacrifices to get Anna a good education. displace 1. to take the place of sb/sth取代；替代；置换 SYN replace 1　 Gradually factory workers have been displaced by machines. 2　 The ship displaces 58 000 tonnes .这艘轮船的排水量为 58 000 吨。 2.to force people to move away from their home to another place Around 10 000 people have been displaced by the war. 3.to move sth from its usual position移动；挪开；转移 Check for roof tiles (屋顶瓦片)that have been displaced by the wind. 4.( especially NAmE ) to remove sb from a job or position撤职；免职；使失业 displaced workers flee -fled-fled - fleeing [ no passive] ~ (from) sb/sth~ (to.../into...) to leave a person or place very quickly, especially because you are afraid of possible danger[ V] 1　 a camp for refugees _________ from the war 收留战争难民的难民营 2　 He fled to London after an argument with his family. 3　 ____________________________. 她突然哭了起来，跑开了。 4　 He was caught trying to flee the country.他试图逃离该国时被抓住了。 harsh ( harsher harshest) 1.cruel, severe and unkind残酷的；严酷的；严厉的 1　 The punishment was harsh and unfair. 2　 The minister received some harsh criticism 3　 the harsh treatment of slaves 4　 He regretted his harsh words. 5　 We had to face up to the harsh realities of life sooner or later. 2.( of weather or living conditions天气或生活环境 ) very difficult and unpleasant to live in恶劣的；艰苦的 1　 a harsh winter/wind/climate 寒冷的冬天；凛冽的风；恶劣的气候 2　 the harsh conditions of poverty which existed for most people at that time 那时大多数人所面对的艰苦境况 3.too strong and bright; ugly or unpleasant to look at强烈刺眼的；丑陋的 1　 harsh colors 2　 She was caught in the harsh glare of the headlights.她遭到车前灯的强光照射。 3　 the harsh lines of concrete buildings混凝土建筑物的粗陋线条 4.unpleasant to listen to刺耳的；难听的 a harsh voice刺耳的嗓音 5.too strong and rough and likely to damage sth粗糙的；毛糙的；刺激性强的 harsh detergents刺激性强的洗涤剂 DERIVATIVES 派生词 1.harshly adv. She was treated very harshly.她受到了苛刻的对待。 Alec laughed harshly. 亚历克刺耳地大笑。 2. harshness n. [ U] toll 1.[ C]money that you pay to use a particular road or bridge（道路、桥梁的）通行费 1　 motorway tolls高速公路通行费 2　 a toll road/bridge 收费道路╱桥梁 2.[ Cusually sing.]the amount of damage or the number of deaths and injuries that are caused in a particular war, disaster, etc.（战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏；伤亡人数 1　 The official death toll has now reached 7 000. 官方公布的死亡人数现已达7 000人。 2　 Illness had taken a heavy toll on her.疾病对她的身体造成极大的损害。 3　 The recession is taking its toll on the housing markets. 经济衰退使住房市场遭受着重大损失。 persistent 1　 persistent rain阴雨连绵 2　 How do you deal with persistent salesmen who won't take no for an answer? 你怎么对付那些不轻言放弃、一直纠缠下去的推销员？ 3　 It was her sheer persistence that wore them down in the end. 最终把他们拖垮的纯粹是她的不屈不挠。 furiously 1　 She was absolutely furious at having been deceived.她受了骗，怒不可遏。 2　 a furious debate激烈的辩论 3　 The bird flapped its wings furiously. 那只鸟使劲地拍打着翅膀。 4　 She blushed furiously at the memory of the conversation. 她一想起那次谈话就气得满脸通红。 despair 1　 She uttered a cry of despair. 2　 One harsh word would send her into the depths of despair . 3　 一句严厉的话就会使她陷入极度的绝望之中。 gasp 1.~ (at sth)to take a quick deep breath with your mouth open, especially because you are surprised or in pain（尤指由于惊讶或疼痛而）喘气，喘息，倒抽气 [ V] 1　 She gasped at the wonderful view.如此美景使她惊讶得屏住了呼吸。 2　 They gasped in astonishment at the news.他们听到这消息惊讶得倒抽了一口气。 2.~ (sth) (out)to have difficulty breathing or speaking透不过气；气喘吁吁地说 1　 He came to the surface of the water gasping for air.他浮出水面急促地喘着气。 2　 She managed to gasp out her name.她终于气喘吁吁地说出了她的名字。 [ N] to give a gasp of horror/surprise/relief 惊恐得╱吃惊得倒抽一口气；如释重负地松一口气 bump 1　  They stopped walking and he almost bumped into them.  他们停下了脚步，这下他几乎撞到他们。 2　   She bumped her head against a low branch. 她的头撞到一根低矮的树枝上。 peer 1　   I had been peering at a computer print-out that made no sense at all.  我一直在费力地看一份不知所云的电脑打印稿。 2　 His engaging personality made him popular with his peers.  他迷人的个性使他很受同龄人欢迎。 lean 1　  Eileen leaned across and opened the passenger door. (身体) 倾斜  艾琳探过身来打开了乘客门。 2　   She was feeling tired and was glad to lean against him. 靠 (在…上)   她感到累了，乐意靠在他身上。 soak 1　 I usually soak the beans overnight. 2　 The water had soaked his jacket and shirt. 3　 There was so much blood it had soaked through my shorts. 4　  What I need is to soak in a hot tub. 5　 Keaton comes here once or twice a year to soak up the atmosphere. stumble 1.~ (over/on sth)to hit your foot against sth while you are walking or running and almost fall绊脚 SYN trip 1　 The child stumbled and fell. 2　 I stumbled over a rock. 2.[ + adv./prep.] to walk or move in an unsteady way跌跌撞撞地走；蹒跚而行 We were stumbling around in the dark looking for a candle. 3.~ (over/through sth)to make a mistake or mistakes and stop while you are speaking, reading to sb or playing music（不顺畅地）说，读，演奏 In her nervousness she stumbled over her words. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$