Unit 1 Teenage Life Discovering Useful Structures 导学案-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit1 Grammar 短语 常见短语类型 Type Definition Examples 名词短语NP 以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词 a good friend,  a lovely baby 形容词短语AdjP 以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词 very cold and dark,  afraid of 副词短语AdvP 以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词 quite slowly,  as fast as possible 一、名词短语(Noun Phrase) 1.构成： 限定词+（数词）+（形容词短语）+（描述性名词）+名词+（修饰性短语）+（定语从句） 限定词＋名词 the girl, two cars 限定词＋数词＋名词 the first week 限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词 a beautiful girl,that handsome boy 限定词＋描述性名词＋名词 my school life,some apple trees 限定词+名词+修饰性短语（形容词短语/非谓语动词短语/介词短语） a volunteer suitable for this job these girls standing over there that man with long hair 限定词: 冠词 the, an, a 基数词和序数词 one/first, two/second,three/third 指示限定词 this, that, these, those 物主限定词 my, your, his, her, our, their 数量限定词 a few, a little, much, many,a lot of, some, any, enough, several, most, all 个体限定词 each, every, either, neither, both 名词属格 Mary’s, John’s, his father’s 2.功能 句法功能 例句 主语 My teammate was much more advanced than I.我的队友比我先进得多。 表语 Obviously, it’s a challenging mission for all of us.显然,这对我们所有人来说都是一项具有挑战性的使命。 宾语 She bought her mother some flowers.她给母亲买了一些花。 宾语补足语 People considered him the best man for the job.人们认为他最适合干这份工作。 注：名词短语作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与名词短语中的中心词保持一致。 A number of books ______ on the desk.许多书在桌子上。 The number of books ________not large.书的数量并不多。 长难句分析：划出下列句子名词短语及其其中心词 1.But the growing magnitude and frequency of the climate-related threats, the high costs and effort needed in saving heritage sites, and competing ideas about what’s worth saving and what isn’t, can make it hard for cities to know what to do first. 2.“Almost every study on sleeping birds discovers something new, something we didn’t know about before,” says study co-author Paul-Antoine Libourel. 3.most of what we know about the animal sleep was gained in laboratory conditions, which are totally different from conditions where sleep developed. 2、 形容词短语(Adjective Phrase) 1.构成：(adv.)+adj.+(介词短语/不定式) 副词＋形容词 very suitable 形容词＋介词短语 good for nothing 副词＋形容词＋介词短语/不定式 well worthy of praise 2.功能 句法功能 例句 定语 This is the most serious problem. 这是最严重的问题。 表语 Your room is large and beautiful.你的房间又大又漂亮。 The weather is fairly warm,so I’d like to have a walk.天气相当暖和,因此我想出去走走。 宾语补足语 What he said just now made me a little annoyed. 他刚才说的话让我有点生气。 状语 Much interested, he agreed to have a try.（他）非常感兴趣,他同意试一下。 3、 副词短语(Adverb Phrase) 1.构成 副词＋and/but/or＋副词 faster and faster 副词＋副词 pretty well very/quite/a lot/a little＋副词 very quickly 副词＋enough fast enough 2.功能 句法功能 例句 修饰动词 He studies English most slowly of the three.三个人中,他学英语学得最慢。 修饰形容词 The coat is rather too small for her.这件外套对她来说太小了。 修饰副词 He is ill extremely seriously with a bad cancer.他患了严重的癌症,病情极其严重。 　 注：副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成形容词短语或副词短语时,一般放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$