2025年中考英语二轮复习课件：题型四任务型阅读理解

题型四　任务型阅读理解 方法技巧点拨 一、解读任务型阅读理解题 　　任务型阅读理解题主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活，富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。 　　该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言“做事”的能力，体现了语言、智力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说，这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题——综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。 二、解题步骤 　　任务型阅读理解题的解题关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的“对应”可能是“主旨对应”，也可能是“情节对应”，还可以是“细节对应”等。同学们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这类试题。具体步骤如下： 第一步：了解话题或主题。 第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下画线，以便为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。 第三步：对照题目的要求，从文章中找出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。 第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。 三、实战演练&技巧总结 　　 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容按要求完成任务。 　　 Perhaps you are looking for an after-school hobby，or something to do on the weekend.Gardening with children can be a great way. 　　 Most children love to get dirty.Gardening is a good reason to let them touch the soft earth and enjoy sunshine outside.It can make them stronger. 　　 Gardening can make children learn about their favorite plants at an early age.It helps them know where their food comes from.Children can also understand why it’s important not to waste food. 　　 Don’t mind if it takes your children some time to take care of the plants.Be sure to encourage them to keep watering and feeding their plants as needed until the end of the growing season.Gardening is a great way to teach your children about responsibility. Children always have questions.Gardening can help them develop their curiosity(好奇心).A few minutes in a garden，kids will start asking questions.Feel free to let them guide the conversation.Make sure to take the chance to learn together about anything you can’t answer. 　　 Start with small projects that children can follow and enjoy，and get them to choose what they want to plant. Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. Gardening with children What Why Let them touch the soft earth and　1　.  To make them stronger. Help them learn about where food comes from. To let them understand the 　2　of food.  Encourage them to take care of the plants. To teach them to have a sense of 　3　.  Feel free to let them　4　the conversation.  To develop their curiosity. Get started with your　5　right away！  __　　 　 　 __ 3.　 __ 　　 4.　 　 __ 5.　 　 __ child/children　  guide　  responsibility importance　  enjoy sunshine outside Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.What does the passage introduce as an after-school hobby？ 7.How can gardening help children know it’s important not to waste food？ 8.Why is gardening a great way as an after-school hobby？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. Gardening with children. 　By helping them know where their food comes from.　  　Because it can make children stronger，let them understand the importance of food，teach them to have a sense of responsibility，and develop their curiosity.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  信息查找——细节题的解答技巧 1.从问题中找到关键词； 2.以此关键词为线索，运用略读和查读等技巧在文中迅速寻找和这一细节有关的信息； 3.找到信息源后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细推敲答案； 4.在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案； 5.用自己的语言归纳概括，注意结合文中主题词所在的一些相关句子； 6.注意归纳时要概括性强，谨防以偏概全； 7.根据与问题相关的细节做出判断； 8.通读全篇文章，把握文章的主旨后，才能做出正确的回答。 专项能力检测 Passage 1 　　 Volunteering is good for others.Governments try to meet everyone’s needs，but it’s impossible for them to do everything.That is why some people become volunteers.If people never helped each other and only cared about themselves，the world would be a sad place.We could make a better and happier home if we worked together.And we could do something to make life easier for everyone.So，what can a volunteer or a volunteer group do？ ·Bring food to hungry people. ·Make neighborhoods safer and more friendly. ·Protect wildlife and natural areas. ·Bring comfort and happiness to lonely people. At the same time，it is good for us to do some voluntary work for our society.We can get many benefits like the following： ·Make new friends； ·Get important skills and experience； ·See more of our community and world； ·Fight against difficulties； ·Build confidence and self-esteem. Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. Reasons Governments can’t do　1　.  The world would be a sad place if people only　2　.  The things we can do If someone is lonely，we can bring　3　to them.  The　4　  we can get We can make new friends and get important　5　and so on.  1.　everything　　2.　cared about themselves　　3.　comfort and happiness　  4.　benefits　　 5.　skills and experience　  Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.Can a government do everything for its people？ 7.Why is volunteering good for others？ 8.What benefits can we get from volunteering according to the passage？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　No，it can’t.　  　Because governments can’t do everything for their people.　  　We can get many benefits like the following：make new friends，get important skills and experience，see more of our community and world，fight against difficulties，and build confidence and self-esteem.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  Passage 2 　　 Cars are very important in the life of the Americans.Without a car，most American people will feel that they are poor.And even if a person is poor，he doesn’t really feel poor when he has a car.Henry Ford was the man who started making cars in large numbers.He probably didn’t know how much cars would affect the American culture.Cars have made the United States a nation on wheels.And it has helped to make the United States what it is today. Why are cars so important in the American society？The US is a large country and the Americans like to move around in it.Making a trip in a car is comfortable and cheap.With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.In the US，the government has never really developed a public transportation which is both fast and cheap.Long distance trains have never been as common as they are in some other parts of the world.Nowadays，it is very convenient for the Americans to make a trip by plane.But it is too expensive.In the US，people don’t like to wait for a bus or a train or even a plane.They don’t like to follow an exact timetable(时间表).A car gives them the freedom to plan their own time.And this is the freedom that the Americans want most to have. However，the Americans are also facing a big problem：It is hard to get enough gas(汽油) for cars.But the answer will not be a big system(系统) of public transportation.The real solution will have to be a new kind of car which doesn’t use so much gas. Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. 　__　2.　 　__　3.　 __　　 4.　 　 __ 5.　 　 __ uses less gas　  an exact timetable　  fast and cheap three reasons 　 Paragraph 1 The　1　in the life of the Americans.  Paragraph 2 The author gives us　2　why cars are so important in the US.  ①Making a trip by car is comfortable and cheap. ②The American government can’t provide a public transportation which is both　3　.  ③Americans don’t like to have to follow　4　in their life.  Paragraph 3 A problem for the Americans：There isn’t enough gas for cars. The author’s suggestion：To develop a new kind of car which　5　.  importance of cars 　 Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.How will most American people feel when they don’t have a car？ 7.Who was Henry Ford？ 8.Why are cars so important in the American society？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　They will feel that they are poor.　  　He was the man who started making cars in large numbers.　  　Because making a trip in a car is comfortable and cheap，and in the US，the government has never really developed a public transportation which is both fast and cheap.Americans don’t like to follow an exact timetable.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  Passage 3 　　 In our lives，we have to get on with the people around us.Being a decent(得体的) person will help us form healthy relationships.Here are some useful suggestions on how to be a decent person. 　　 Let others trust you.Keep your promises.If you promise to be somewhere at a certain time，be there.If you say you’ll do a favor，do it.Decent people follow through because they want others to feel safe.People need dependable friends and family members to have a sense of safety in their lives. 　　 Avoid judgment.Remember，you cannot fully understand what it’s like to be inside someone else’s head.Therefore，avoid trying to pass judgment on a behavior or a decision.Everyone is different.So，it should not be surprising if another person’s choice is different from yours.It’s okay to put yourself in someone else’s shoes and try to understand their decisions. 　　 Provide support during bad times.Think about times in your life that were hard.You probably had friends，family members，and other loved ones helping you along the way.If you want to be a decent person，you should provide support in return.When people go through difficult times，put yourself out there and help. 　　 Let go of anger.If you live with a lot of anger，you’re more likely to be unfriendly to others.Becoming a decent person often means letting go of some anger.If you find yourself becoming angry，take physical means to cool down.For example，take a deep breath.Always remember to avoid taking things personally.This will help you away from your anger. 1.　 　__　2.　 　 __ 3.　 　__　4.　 　 __ 5.　 　 __ cool down　  support　  Avoid judgment　 your promises　  Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. a decent person　 Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.How many suggestions does the passage give on how to be a decent person？ 7.What does a decent person do about avoiding judgment？ 8.What can a person do to be a decent person？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　Four./4.　  　Put himself in someone else’s shoes and try to understand their decisions.　  　He can do the following things to be a decent person：Let others trust him，avoid judgment，provide support during bad times and let go of anger.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  Passage 4 　　 We sometimes say the lion is “the king of the jungle”because it is stronger and more dangerous than the other animals.Most other animals in the jungle run more slowly than the lion，so it can hunt better.The lion is the top animal in the land food chain. 　　 In the sea，the shark is at the top of the food chain.Most other sea animals swim much more slowly than it.It can also use its big teeth to catch other sea animals and eat them. 　　 What is at the top of the world’s food chain？Humans are！ We are not the biggest or fastest，but we are the cleverest！ We could not catch up with most animals，so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest.We could not fight better than a lion，so we invented guns.Now we can hunt the best.The inventions help a lot，but they are dangerous. 　　 The wild wolves usually eat wild rabbits.In the past，the number of wild rabbits was big because the number of wild wolves was small.The wild rabbits competed for the grass with the sheep and cows.Much of the grassland became desert because the rabbits destroyed (毁坏) it seriously. 　　 Remember that we are a part of the food chain.We are in danger，too！ If we protect animals，we are protecting ourselves.Luckily，people have paid much attention to such problems.We will do more things to keep the balance of ecosystem in the future. 1.　 　__　2.　 　 __ 3.　 　__　4.　 　 __ 5.　 　 __ keep the balance　  big　  The shark　 helpful　  Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. faster than　 Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.Who is the top animal in the land food chain？ 7.Why are humans at the top of the world’s food chain？ 8.Write a brief summary of the passage.Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　The lion.　  　Because they are the cleverest.　  　Humans are at the top of the world’s food chain.We should protect animals for the ecosystem balance.Because protecting animals means protecting ourselves.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  Passage 5 　　 Beginning of Summer，one of the Chinese 24 solar terms，usually falls each year on a day between May 5 and May 7 according to the calendar.For centuries，people of the Banshan neighborhood in Hangzhou，Zhejiang hold a lot of events.Celebrations usually begin with a parade(游行) made up of people dressed up in traditional Chinese clothing，Hanfu.After the parade，local people take part in some activities at the square. 　　 Eating black rice：A few days before Beginning of Summer，people of Banshan begin busying themselves with cooking black rice.They mix rice and the juice of fresh-picked sea bilberry leaves.Black rice culture started from the Tang Dynasty(618-907).It is believed that children who eat black rice will not be bitten by insects and will be fit for the whole summer. Weighing people：Local people of Banshan developed the interesting tradition of weighing people on this day to check the changes in their body weight over the past year.People of all ages take part in the activity.Locals believe that people who weigh themselves on this day will not only have good luck，but also guard against weight loss during the coming summer. 　　 Egg fights：Children are undoubtedly crazy about this game.With a boiled egg，each child tries to break the egg of their competitor’s.Whoever’s egg breaks first is the loser，and needs to eat the egg as a punishment.The champion in the game is awarded(授予) the title of “Egg King”. Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. Title：Traditions on Beginning of Summer：A Taste of Food and Fun Background information ·Beginning of Summer usually 　1　each year on a day between May 5 and May 7.  ·Local people in traditional Chinese clothing take part in some activities to　2　this day.  1.　 　__　2. 　 __ 3.　 　__　4._________________　 　 _5.　 　 __ loses　  have good luck　  a long history　 celebrate　  Title：Traditions on Beginning of Summer：A Taste of Food and Fun Special activities ·Eating black rice has　3　.People believe eating it keeps children safe from the danger of insect biting.  ·Weighing people on this day is popular among people of different ages.By doing so，they believe they will　4　and guard against weight loss in the coming summer.  ·Egg fighting is a game that children are crazy about.If a child 　5　the game，he needs to eat the egg.  falls　 Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.When does Beginning of Summer fall？ 7.Why do people weigh themselves on Beginning of Summer？ 8.Tina wants to take part in an activity of Beginning of Summer.How do you introduce it to her？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　It falls each year on a day between May 5 and May 7 according to the calendar.　  　Because they believe that people who weigh themselves on this day will not only have good luck，but also guard against weight loss during the coming summer.　  　Celebrations usually begin with a parade made up of people dressed up in traditional Chinese clothing，Hanfu.After the parade，local people take part in some activities at the square，such as eating black rice，weighing people and egg fighting.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  Passage 6 　　 Few of us really understand that a father’s love is like a mountain.But in the US movie I Am Sam，I see this kind of love. 　　 Sam Dawson has a daughter，and her name is Lucy.She is 7 years old.Sam has mental disability(智力障碍)，and he is not like the other adults.Sam just gets the intelligence(智力) of 7-year-old kids，so people think he cannot care for Lucy and send her away to another family.And they think the family can take care of Lucy better.Sam finds many part-time jobs.He works very hard and he often comes to the family to see Lucy.One night，Lucy goes to Sam’s house.She tells him that she wants to stay with him and doesn’t want to go back，but Sam takes her back to her new family’s home，because Sam thinks it is better for Lucy.He says he can take care of her in other ways.Finally Sam’s act wins Lucy’s heart. This movie tells us what a father’s love is.Sam knows how to love.He always tries his best to take care of Lucy and he will do it all the way.Everyone will be moved after watching this film.We can learn the importance of a father in our life.A US writer said，“For kids，the name of father is another name for love.” Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. Introduction to the movie I AM SAM   Topic Father’s　1　    Content (内容) Sam’s intelligence is the　2　as  7-year-old kids’.   People think Sam can’t　3　Lucy as well as another family.    Sam takes Lucy back to her new family’s home，because he thinks it is good for Lucy.   Review This movie tells us what a father’s love is. This movie will　4　everyone.    Meaning A father plays an important　5　 in our life.For kids，the name of father is another name for love.    __　　 2.　 　 __ 3.　 　 __ 4.　 __　　 5.　 　 __ role/part　  move care for/look after/take care of 　  same　  love Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.Who is Sam？ 7.How does Sam act to show his love for his daughter？ 8.You are going to tell Gina the movie I Am Sam.How will you tell it to her？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　A movie character in the US movie I Am Sam.　  　He works very hard and he often comes to the family to see her.　  　Sam’s intelligence is the same as 7-year-old kids’.People think Sam can’t look after his daughter Lucy well and send her away to another family.But he works very hard and he often comes to the family to see Lucy.He says he can take care of her in other ways.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  Passage 7 　　 Many Chinese who travel to the US find that though they have studied English for years，they have to “relearn” it as soon as they arrive. 　　 When I first came to the US for graduate school，I found words that we learned in English classes were not pronounced the same way here.I was a nervous foreigner.To talk like an American became one of my goals.During my first term as a teaching assistant (TA)，my students complained they could not understand me.I learned later that this complaint was common among US students with an international TA. 　　 So I imitated(模仿) the way native speakers talk.I made such good progress that American friends started to think highly of my English.I took this as a sign of my success.Ever since，people have often thought of me as someone from many places. 　　 Suddenly，conformity was no longer a praise：If I talk like an American，am I still Chinese？If I lose my Chinese accent(口音)，do I also lose my cultural identity(身份)？ 　　 Now I realize that a person’s accent is a record of their past cultural experience.As a fourth-year student in the US，I am no longer a nervous foreigner.My wish is to hold on to my cultural origins(起源).Now I add some Chinese “accent” on purpose when I speak.I do not wish to speak “perfect” English because I take pride in who I am. Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. My Feeling of Speaking English in America Time Supporting details At the beginning I have to relearn English after arriving there，for my　1　of words are not the same as native speakers’.  My students complained that I couldn’t make myself　2　.  During my stay I made great progress in spoken English by imitating the way local speakers talk. People often　3　me as someone from many places.  At present I think it necessary to　4　my cultural origins.  I often speak English，adding some Chinese“accent”because I am　5　being Chinese.  __　　 2.　 　 __ 3.　 __　　 4.　 　 __ 5.　 　 __ proud of　  keep　  considered/thought of understood　  pronunciations Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.How did the writer overcome the difficulty of pronunciation？ 7.Why did the writer say he was a nervous foreigner？ 8.How does the writer keep his cultural identity？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　He imitated the way native speakers talk.　  　Because he found words that he learned in English classes were not pronounced the same way in the US.　  　He adds some Chinese “accent” on purpose when he speaks.He does not wish to speak “perfect” English because he takes pride in who he is.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  Passage 8 　　 The tradition of birthday parties started a long time ago.There are some traditions that you can find almost anywhere，anytime，such as sending birthday cards，blowing out the candles on a birthday cake and singing the“Happy Birthday”song.Others are only found for certain ages and in certain countries. 　　 In China，on a child’s first birthday，family members put many things on the floor around the child.They believe that the first thing that the child picks up tells them what profession the child will choose later in life. 　　 For Japanese children，the third，fifth and seventh birthdays are especially important.At these ages，children go to the temple wearing a new kimono(和服).They are given special sweets，and the parents usually organize a party in their home. 　　 In Argentina，Mexico and several other Latin American countries，girls have a special birthday celebration when they reach the age of fifteen.After a special ceremony，the girls dance a waltz with their father and other boys. 　　 In many English-speaking countries，a twenty-first birthday cake often has a key on top，or the cake itself sometimes looks like a key.The key means that the young person is now old enough to leave and enter the family home at any time they want to！ 1.　 　__　 2.　 　 __ 3.　 　__　 4.　 　 __ 5.　 - 　 __ speaking　  English the age of　  especially important　 first　  Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. Birthday　 Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.Are all the birthday celebrations the same in the world？ 7.Why do family members put many things on the floor around the child on the child’s first birthday in China？ 8.What are the differences between Latin American countries and English-speaking countries？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　No，they aren’t.　  　Because they believe that the first thing that the child picks up tells them what profession the child will choose later in life.　  　In Latin American countries，girls have a special birthday celebration when they reach the age of fifteen.And in many English-speaking countries，a twenty-first birthday cake often has a key on top，or the cake itself sometimes looks like a key.And the key has a special meaning.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  Passage 9 　　 Have you noticed that many people around you seem to be listening to audiobooks these years？It’s actually a change in the whole nation.According to a report on Chinese people’s reading habits，nearly one third of Chinese adults had the habit of listening to audiobooks when they were free in 2021，and the percentage is still rising.As a result，more and more publishing houses publish new books in print together with their audio and digital versions to meet the needs of different readers. 　　 So，what makes audiobooks so popular？Well，here are some advantages of listening to audiobooks. 　　 First of all，in a busy life，not everyone is patient enough to sit down and read the book unhurriedly，but with audiobooks，people can listen to them when they are driving，cooking，working，and so on. 　　 Second，although books can make a room look better，it might not be the case with someone who lives in a small space.Audiobooks are easy to get from a computer or a smartphone，and they need no space in the room. 　　 Third，when making audiobooks，people use modern technology，which doesn’t require any ink or paper.By doing so，plenty of trees are saved and no pollution will be caused. 　　 Fourth，for some people，reading can be a tiring chore.This isn’t to say that books are boring，but not everyone can enjoy themselves in books for many hours.Only books can include music，voice acting and emotional intonations that make people feel more excited. 　　 Task Ⅰ：Finish the chart according to the article.Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. But even with these advantages，people shouldn’t give up printed books.The smell of print and the physical feel of paper can provide people with a completely different experience. A National　1　：Listening to Audiobooks  Facts *Nearly　2　Chinese adults had the habit of listening to audiobooks in 2021.  *The percentage is rising. *More books are offered in different forms to satisfy different readers. 　3　  *First，audiobooks can help people make good use of their time. *Second，audiobooks are　4　to get from a computer or a smartphone and take up no space.  *Third，making audiobooks causes　5　.  *Fourth，audiobooks make people more excited than printed books. The writer’s opinion Printed books shouldn’t be totally replaced by audiobooks. 1.　 　__　 2.　 　 __ 3.　 　__　 4.　 　 __ 5.　 　 __ no pollution　  easy　  Advantages　 one third of　  trend　 Task Ⅱ：Answer the following questions. 6.How many advantages of audiobooks does the passage mention？ 7.What do the publishing houses do when they publish new books？ 8.What makes audiobooks so popular？Explain your reason(s) in more than 20 words. 　Four./4.　  　They publish new books in print together with their audio and digital versions.　  　Audiobooks can help people make good use of their time and they are easy to get from a computer or a smartphone and take up no space.And they cause no pollution and make people more excited.(开放性设题，答案合理即可)　  $$