Unit 3 Food and Culture Discover useful structures 课件+教学设计 -【大单元教学】高中英语同步备课系列(人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 3 Food and Culture Discover useful structures The past perfect tense & The past perfect passive voice 过去完成时 & 过去完成时的被动语态 * 1. Observe 观察 01 Observe and discuss the followling sentences. B. By the time the policeman got to the shop, the thief had run away. A.Hong Kong had returned to China before Macao came back to China. Q:In sentence A, which action happened first, “return” or “came back”? Q:In sentence B, which action happened first, “got to” or “run”? present past future earlier past had returned came back had run got to Past perfect: had done The past perfect tense is used to tell an activity done before something in the past. So it is used in a background of past. 1. We had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. 2. My only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. Observe the following sentences： What tense/voice is used? Why? 过去完成时 The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时的被动态 The Past Perfect Passive Voice 4 1. When I got to school, I realized that I had left my homework at home. 2. I had heard a lot about her before I met her. 3. By the end of last term, we had learnt 10 English songs. 4. He said that he had never eaten such delicious dim sum. 5. The project had been completed by the end of 1999. Basic usage: Structure: Temporal abverbial: Oberve and sum up 表示过去某一时间或某一事件前已发生或完成的动作或状态。 had (not) done had (not) been done when/before/by+过去的时间点/过去的动作 5 2. 过去完成时的结构和语态 Form and voice 基本结构：“had + 过去分词” 被动语态：“had been + 过去分词” 基本含义：过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻已经完 成的动作，即“过去的过去”。 Past Future had done Present “过去的过去” The Past Perfect Tense They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them. Their dinner had been finished by the time Sam joined them. 连接词 时态: 一般过去时 语态: 主动 结构: did 动作: 后发生 时态: 过去完成时 语态: 主动 结构: had done 动作: 先发生 连接词 时态: 一般过去时 语态: 主动 结构: did 动作: 后发生 时态: 过去完成时 语态: 被动 结构: had been done 动作: 先发生 过去完成时的基本结构和语态   主动语态 被动语态 肯定形式 had done had been done 否定形式 had not done had not been done 一般疑问句 had＋主语＋done had＋主语＋been done 特殊疑问句 疑问词＋had＋主语＋done 疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done 02 1　句型转换 ①They had cleaned the classroom before the teacher came. →__________________________________________________ (改为被动语态) ②She had finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning. →_____________________________________________________________ (改为否定句) →_________________________________________________________ (改为一般疑问句) →____________________________________________________________ (对句中主语she提问) The classroom had been cleaned before the teacher came. She had not finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning. Had she finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning? Who had finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning？ 3. 过去完成时的用法 The usage of the past perfect tense (1) 表示在过去某一时间或动作以前完成了的动作, 即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示。 03 The usage of the past perfect tense before(连词/介词) + 过去的时间点 “在...之前” by +过去的时间点 “到...为止” by the end of +过去的时间点 “到...为止” by the time +(一般过去时) “到...为止” (2) 表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since引导的时间状语连用。 I __________ at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. He said he ____________ (work) in that factory since 1949. had been had worked now A B （3） 某些动词可用过去完成时,表过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。 hope wish expect think intend mean suppose We had hoped that you would come,but you didn't. 我们本希望你来，但你没有来。 I had thought that you would become a doctor. 我本以为你会成为医生。 hardly(scarcely/barely)..(had done)..when..(从句用did) no sooner..(had done)..than...(从句用did) 注： 主句用”had done”,从句用“did” 主句翻译为“一...”,从句翻译为“就...” 若hardly/scarcely/barely/no sooner(否定词) 位于句首，则主句部分, 用部分倒装，即: had+主语+done… (4) 一...就 e7d195523061f1c0f0ec610a92cff745ee13794c7b8d98f8E73673273C9E8BE17CC3D63B9B1D6426C348A354AD505654C28F453CD7C8F90EADD06C08281DAED7140E5AAAED5880ECE414DFB6A93B82BE019406867034C3A8500A4827DCF3FBF74A471B736410707E336A01C9ADC9BE02ACCB8DF2121D81636A067B8AE80C6AB6F014154F4E7B7247 总结 一听到这个滑稽的故事，我们就哈哈大笑。 We had hardly/scarely heard the funny story when we burst into laughter. We had no sooner heard the funny story than we burst into laughter. 当hardly, scarely, no sooner位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装 升级为部分倒装 Hardly/Scarely had sb done sth when sb did No sooner had sb done sth than +sb did   16 当堂练习 1. I ___________ (eat) lots of cakes so far. 2. I _________ (eat) lots of cakes till then. 3. Tom ____________ (finish) writing his novel by the end of last year. 4. Tom ____________ (finish) writing his novel. 5. Tom ________________ (finish) writing his novel by the end of next year. 6. Tom _________ (finish) writing his novel last year. have eaten had eaten had finished has finished will have finished finished 即学即练 1. Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I _________ (keep) telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. (2020 全国Ⅰ卷) 2. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, ___________ (arrive) before other activists with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!” (2020 全国Ⅲ卷改) have kept had arrived 即学即练 3. Arriving at the party hurriedly, we ______ (be) disappointed to find that the band ___________ (stop) playing. 4. Hardly ______ he left the room when the traveler entered. 5. Ehlers called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them that their dog ________________ (find). (2019 全国Ⅱ卷改) 6. Last winter, when I _______ (go) there again, they _______ (have) a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens. (2018 全国Ⅰ卷) had stopped were had had been found went had 即学即练 7. Ben __________ (move) to England with his mum when he was three and it _________ (be) 13 years since I had last seen him. (2018 全国Ⅱ卷) 8. This is the first time he ______________ (confront) an armed robber. 9. Millions of years ago, dinosaurs roamed (漫步) the earth, but they ____________ (become) extinct by the time humankind first appeared. has confronted had moved had been had become 即学即练 10. Mary, when questioned why she ___________ (cheat) in the exam, just lowered her head and ______ (keep) silent. 11. Since then, Ricky ____________ (decide) to become a “Maximum Efficiency Boy”, and ____ (put) real care into how he treated his things. 12. Hardly had I _____ (come) out of the railway station when my parents _____ (run) to me and _______ (help) me carry my luggage. had cheated come kept has decided helped put ran 即学即练 Last year, my brother and I _____ (go) to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who _________ (be) there before said it was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we ____________ (plan) for months. When the day came, we were ready. had been had planned went 语篇填空 After our plane _______ (land), we went to the hotel. We __________ (make) our reservation six months earlier, but the man at the front desk said there _________ (be) a mistake. We _________ (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. I didn’t understand why this would happen and my credit card _______________ (charge) for the reservation. landed had made had been were told had been charged What’s worse, the hotel _________________ (book) fully. When we ______________ (wonder) what to do, the manager came out. She was surprisingly helpful. She apologized for the mistake and ______ (give) us a spare VIP room on the top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we _______________ (charge) extra. were wondering gave weren’t charged had been booked The next day, my brother and I went to the beach where we ________ (watch) some people play volleyball. We got a little sunburnt, but the day __________ (be) so relaxing that we didn’t mind. watched was THANKS * $$ Unit 3　Food and Culture Period 2 Discover useful structures 教材分析 本单元的单元主题语境是Food and Culture，该课时是其语法项目教学：The Past Perfect Tense。语法是指导人们正确使用语言的行动准则，它来自于活生生的语言，并运用于语言的交际活动，对一个语法项目的真正掌握应体现在对语言形式、语义和语用三方面的活用上。 学情分析 引导学生发挥逻辑思维能力，学会感知、观察、分析、归纳与总结语法规则，进而学会举一反三地运用规则；创设合理化情境，引导学生在自主与合作学习中发挥创新思维能力，生成有实际语意又规范的语言表达形式，而不是传统语法教学的直接告知、生硬记忆与简单巩固的流程。 教学目标 1. know the definition and formula of the past perfect tense; 2. identify the past perfect tense; 3. distinguish the past perfect tense from the past tense and the present perfect tense; 4. use the past perfect tense in real life; 5. develop the abilities of logical thinking and creative thinking from the given situations. 教学重难点 教学重点： Develop the ability to Identify and use the past perfect tense. 教学难点： Distinguish the past perfect tense from the past tense and the present perfect tense. 教学方法 1. Fast reading (Skimming) ，detailed reading. 2. Scanning to get the detailed information. 3. Task-oriented teaching method. 4. Cooperative learning method 5. Careful reading to get some detailed information in the passage. 教学过程（第二课时） 教学目标 教学活动 设计意图 （激活已知） Step 1: Lead in Observe the following sentences：What tense/voice is used? Why? 初步感知过去完成时的运用规则。 （知识讲解） Step 2: How to define the past perfect tense They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them. Their dinner had been finished by the time Sam joined them. 引导学生观察并得出过去完成时的定义。 （考点难点） Step 3: How to identify the past perfect tense 1. Observe and conclude the ways to identify the past perfect tense. (1) Adverbial/conjunctive : by, by，before，when，until, since+ a past action/time (2) Adverbial: already, yet, just (3) Context: An action had happened before a past action/time (4) Drills:  *had+hoped/wished/expected/thought/intended/meant/supposed *It was the first/second… time + (that) sb. had done sth. *“一……就……”：No sooner had sb. done than sb. did sth./Hardly/Scarcely had sb. done when sb. did sth. 通过对所给例句的观察和对知识点回顾练习等方式，帮助学生在语境中生成对过去完成时识别的方法。 （迁移运用） Step 4: How to use the past perfect tense Create your sentences with the past perfect tense. Example: Claire looked very happy when I saw her last week. （Possible answer: She had released her first album.） 过去完成时在单句语境创设中的运用，既是对该时态运用的进一步巩固，也有利于学生创新性思维的培养。 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$