Unit 2 Health and Fitness 语法讲解-2024-2025学年高二上学期中职英语高教版（2023修订版）基础模块2

语法1：There be 句型 1. 句型含义 “There is (was)/ are (were) + _________/ __________ +某时/某地”表示某地或某时(曾)___________某物或某人。此结构中，主语是 ________ 后面的某物或某人。 2. be动词的变化 There be 句型中，be动词的单复数形式由后面的主语决定。 如果是并列主语，则根据 _________________________情况确定be 动词的形式。 There is a teacher and several students in the classroom. There are some pens and a book on the desk. 练习1： There ________ (be) some apples on the tree. There ________ (be) a man under the tree. There ________ (be) some juice in the bottle. Keys: are, is, is. 3. There be 句型的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及时态 1）There be句型的现在时态: 肯定句：There be (is/are)+某物/某人+某时/某地。 There is a cat in the room. 否定句：There be (is/are) + ________ +某物/某人+某时/某地。 There ______________ a cat in the room. 疑问句：将be动词提到句首，形成一般疑问句。 (Is/Are/) there …? __________ there a cat in the room? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t. 2）There be 句型的过去时态： There was/ were+某物/某人+某时/某地。 There was/ were+ _______ +某物/某人+某时/某地。 Was/ Were there…? 3）There be 句型的将来时态：There will be…/ There is going to be… There will be an important meeting tomorrow morning. 语法2：句子成分 主语: 句子讨论的人或物。 They bought some flowers for their mothers. 谓语: 说明主语的动作、状态，动词做谓语。 Li Ming broke the window yesterday. They made a cake for me. 宾语: 表示动作行为的对象，动作的接收者、承担者。 You should remember words as many as possible. Tom bought a new car last week. 表语: 放在系动词后面，表示主语的性质、特征、身份等。 She is a teacher. She looks beautiful. 定语: 用来修饰名词和代词，翻译…的。单个形容词放在被修饰的词语前面，短语放在被修饰的词语后面。 The naughty/clever boy was found playing by the river alone. The dictionary on the desk is mine. 状语: 用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子，说明动作状态特征。 状语分为时间、地点、方式、原因、目的状语等。副词、介词短语等都可以充当状语。 The PRC was founded in 1949. He carefully studied the places. He played football at school. 语法3：句子结构 1）主语+系动词+表语：表示主语的性质、状态、身份等。 She is a doctor. 她是名医生。 The dish tastes delicious. 这道菜吃起来很美味。 Her face turned pale. 她的脸色变得苍白。 常见的系动词： (be, 感官类：________________________; 变化类：_______________________; stay/remain/ keep; seem/appear） 2）主语+谓语+宾语+状语：表示主语行为动作及其相应的状态。 The trees grew extremely slowly. He bought a dictionary yesterday. 练习2：判断句子类型 1. I feel really bad. （主+系+表） 2. There is a lot of work to be done this week. （there be） 3. You can make an appointment with your smart phone. (主+谓+宾+状) 4. I get angry quite often. （主+系+表） 5. There is public transport for us to take. (there be) 6. Bill recovered from the cold very quickly. (主+谓+宾+状) 练习3： 1）There be句型 1. The TV news reports that there ________ a storm the day after tomorrow. A. is B. will be C. was 2. _______ there a new bike in front of our classroom? A. Is B. Are C. Do 3. —My computer doesn’t work. —_______ must be something wrong with the CPU. A. This B. There C. That 4. There _______ two restaurants and a post office across from the street. A. is B. are C. be 5. — Is there a police station near here? — ___________. It’s on Center Street. A. Yes, it is. B. No, there is. C. Yes, there is. Keys: B A B B C 2）判断句子类型： The trees turn green. (主+系+表) The monkey climbed up the tree quickly. （主+谓+宾+状） There is a bird in the tree. （There be句型） I found a pen outside our school. （主+谓+宾+状） Unfortunately, he lost all of his money. （主+谓+宾+状） She looks happy. (主+系+表) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$