精品解析：广东省广州市真光中学2024-2025学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试题

2024学年第一学期期中初二英语练习卷 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第一部分（选择题）和第二部分（非选择题）两部分；共10页，满分90分，全闭卷作答，考试时间100分钟。 2.选择题答案必须写在答题卡上。写在试题卷上的答案不予评分。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡题目指定区域内的相应位置上，并请注意题号顺序；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 一、语音（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分） 从 1～5 各题所给的A、B、C 和 D项中选出划线部分的发音与其他单词划线部分不一致的选项。 1. A. realize B. company C. type D. wise 2. A. produce B. computer C. human D. understand 3. A. lamp B. practical C. ability D. passenger 4. A. inch B. challenge C. machine D. check 5. A. century B. special C. even D. develop 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. C 【解析】 【1题详解】 realize[ˈriːəlaɪz]；company[ˈkʌmpəni]；type[taɪp]；wise[waɪz]。根据音标可知，B选项划线字母发[i]，其余选项划线字母发[aɪ]。故选B。 【2题详解】 produce[prəˈdjuːs]；computer[kəmˈpjuːtə]；human[ˈhjuːmən]；understand[ˌʌndəˈstænd]。根据音标可知，D选项划线字母发[ʌ]，其余选项划线字母发[juː]。故选D。 【3题详解】 lamp[læmp]；practical[ˈpræktɪkl]；ability[əˈbɪləti]；passenger[ˈpæsɪndʒə]。根据音标可知，C选项划线字母发[ə]，其余选项划线字母发[æ]。故选C。 【4题详解】 inch[ɪntʃ]；challenge[ˈtʃælɪndʒ]；machine[məˈʃiːn]；check[tʃek]。根据音标可知，C选项划线字母发[ʃ]，其余选项划线字母发[tʃ]。故选C。 【5题详解】 century[ˈsentʃəri]；special[ˈspeʃl]；even[ˈiːvn]；develop[dɪˈveləp]。根据音标可知，C选项划线字母发[iː]，其余选项划线字母发[e]。故选C。 二、句子选择（共 5 小题；每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分） 阅读下面句子，根据句子意思，从 6～10各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。 6. When somebody is born, ________. A. he or she leaves parents B. parents send him or her to see a doctor C. he or she lives with parents for a long time D. he or she comes out of mother’s body 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：当一个人出生时，他或她会从母亲的身体里出来。 考查常识。he or she leaves parents他或她离开父母；parents send him or her to see a doctor父母送他或她去看医生；he or she lives with parents for a long time他或她和父母住在一起很长一段时间；he or she comes out of mother’s body他或她从母亲的身体里出来。根据“When somebody is born”以及常识可知，出生的时候，一个人会从母亲的身体里出来。故选D。 7. Benny’s friends live in the countryside. That means ________. A they live inside the city B. they live outside the city C. they live in the centre of the city D. they live in the city 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：本尼的朋友住在农村。这意味着他们住在城外。 考查常识。they live inside the city他们住在城里；they live outside the city他们住在城外；they live in the centre of the city他们住在市中心；they live in the city他们住在城里。根据“Benny’s friends live in the countryside”可知他的朋友住在农村，即住在城外。故选B。 8. When you ask a wise person for help, ________. A. you want her or him to give you something to eat B. you want her or him to give you good advice C. you want her or him to give you some money D. you want her or him to do nothing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你向智者求助时，你希望他或她能给你好的建议。 考查情景交际。you want her or him to give you something to eat你想让她或他给你东西吃；you want her or him to give you good advice你希望他或她能给你好的建议；you want her or him to give you some money你想他或她送你一些钱；you want her or him to do nothing你想她或他什么都不做。根据“When you ask a wise person for help”以及常识可知，当你向智者求助时，你希望他或她能给你好的建议。故选B。 9. When we make a machine work, ________. A. we cannot use it B. we can see it C. we can sell it D. we can operate it 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我们让一台机器工作时，我们可以操作它。 考查情景交际。we cannot use it 我们不能使用它，与让机器工作矛盾；we can see it 我们能看见它，看见它不一定意味着能让它工作；we can sell it 我们能卖掉它，卖掉它与让它工作并无直接关联；we can operate it 我们可以操作它，因为操作机器才能使机器工作。故选D。 10. The swimming pool is open during the day. ________. A. We can swim anytime B. We can swim in the evening C. We cannot swim anytime D. We can only swim in the daytime 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：游泳池白天开放。我们只能在白天游泳。 考查常识。We can swim anytime我们可以随时游泳；We can swim in the evening我们可以在晚上游泳；We cannot swim anytime我们不能在任何时候游泳；We can only swim in the daytime我们只能在白天游泳。根据“The swimming pool is open during the day”可知游泳池白天开放，所以我们只能在白天游泳。故选D。 三、单项选择（共 5 小题；每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分） 按照句子结构的语法性，从所给的A、B、C和D项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 11. —Do you know ________ of students in your school, James? —I don’t know the exact number, but I know there are ________ of them. A. the number, the number B. a number, a number C. the number, a number D. a number, the number 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——詹姆斯，你知道你们学校的学生人数吗？——我不知道确切的数字，但我知道他们中的很多人。 考查短语辨析。the number of……的数量，a number of很多。根据答语“I don’t know the exact number”可知，第一空是问学生的数量，用the number of；第二空根据转折连词“but”可知，此处是说知道很多人，故选C。 12. Allen spent ________ time but did ________ work than Tony. A little; much B. less; most C. little; more D. less; more 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：Allen比Tony用了更少的时间，但是做了更多的工作。 考查形容词的比较级。根据“than”可知这两个空都需用比较级，根据“but”可知前后含义相反，因此D选项正确，“less”是“little”的比较级，修饰“time”，表示更少的时间；“more”是“much”的比较级，修饰“work”，表示更多的工作。故选D。 13. Last month, ________ students took part in the sports meeting in our school. A. two hundreds B. hundreds of C. two hundred of D. hundred of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：上个月，数百名学生参加了我们学校的运动会。 考查数词的表达。表示确切的数量，用基数词+数词单数形式；表示概数，用数词的复数形式+of，四个选项中只有B表达正确，故选B。 14. Many middle school students go abroad for ________ study. A. farther B. further C. the farthest D. the furthest 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多中学生出国深造。 考查形容词比较级。farther更远；further进一步的；the farthest最远的；the furthest最大限度地。根据“go abroad for...study”可知出国是为了进一步的深造，用further。故选B。 15. Mike always works very hard, so he can earn twice ________ I can. A. as much money as B. as many money as C. much as money D. many as money as 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：迈克总是很努力，所以他能挣到我两倍的钱。 考查原级以及many和much的区别。money是不可数名词，因此用much修饰，排除选项B和D；表示“和……一样多”应用“as much… as”。故选A。 四、语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下连贯的要求，从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Now, we live in the 21st century, many changes have taken place in people’s life in the past 40 years. English is becoming one of ____16____ subjects, but some students often have trouble learning English. They say the subject takes up ____17____ of their time. They have to read many passages, ____18____ new words in the dictionary and do lots of exercises. Even though they work hard, they still cannot get good grades on tests. “Why?” they ask. “How can I enjoy success?” The story of Chinese astronaut Deng Qingming might help answer their questions. Deng was chosen as ____19____ astronaut trainee (实习生) in 1998. That was long ago—you readers hadn’t even been born yet. From then on, he has spent almost all of his time training hard to become an astronaut. Over the years, Deng has seen his fellow trainees go into space one after ____20____. He, however, was always a backup (后备人员). Sometimes he even cried. Deng still tries his ____21____ for the dream. Although he is now in his ____22____, he keeps training hard. “I must be ready whenever the chance comes to me.” he once said. Finally, ____23____ the night of November 21, 2022, he and two other astronauts boarded the Shenzhou 15 aircraft and flew into space. Deng had waited 24 years for that very moment. So, if you want to give up learning English or ____24____, think about Deng’s story. Your efforts might not succeed at once. But be patient, try to improve your methods and keep ____25____. You probably won’t have to wait many years for that moment like Deng. One day, success will knock at your door. 16. A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important 17. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. too little 18. A. look up B. looked up C. looking up D. to look up 19. A. a B. an C. the D. / 20. A. other B. others C. another D. the other 21. A. good B. well C. best D. better 22. A. fifty B. fifties C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth 23. A. on B. in C. at D. before 24. A. something else B. else something C. anything else D. else anything 25. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文由学生学习英语的不如意引出宇航员邓清明的故事，从而告诉我们：当你的努力还没有结果时，要改进方法并坚持下去，成功必将到来。 【16题详解】 句意：英语正成为最重要的科目之一，但一些学生在学习英语时经常遇到困难。 important重要的，形容词原级；more important比较级；most important最高级；the most important定冠词加最高级。此处是结构one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”。故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：他们说这门课占用了他们太多的时间。 too many太多（修饰可数名词复数）；too much太多（修饰不可数名词）；much too太；too little太少。根据“They have to read many passages,…new words in the dictionary and do lots of exercises.”可知，一些学生说英语这门课占用了他们太多的时间。time“时间”为不可数名词，too much符合题意。故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：他们要读很多文章，在字典中查单词，做很多练习。 look up查找，动词原形；looked up动词过去式/过去分词；looking up现在分词/动名词；to look up动词不定式。and连接的动词形式一致，此处用动词原形。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：1998年，邓被选为宇航员实习生。 a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。此处表示泛指，astronaut以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：多年来，邓看着他的学员们一个接一个地进入太空。 other其他的；others其他人/物；another另一个；the other两者中的另一个。one after another“接连地；一个接一个地”，固定短语。故选C。 【21题详解】 句意：邓仍然在为这个梦想而努力。 good好的；well好地；best最好的；better更好的。try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”。故选C。 22题详解】 句意：虽然他现在已经五十多岁了，但他仍然努力训练。 fifty五十；fifties五十多岁；fiftieth第五十；the fiftieth第五十。in one’s+整十数的复数形式表示“某人的岁数是多少”，in his fifties“他五十多岁”。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：最后，2022年11月21日晚，他和另外两名宇航员登上神舟十五号飞船，飞向太空。 on后接具体的某一天；in后接年/月/季节；at后接时刻；before在……之前。空后是具体某一天的晚上，用介词on。故选A。 【24题详解】 句意：所以，如果你想放弃学习英语或其他东西，想想邓的故事。 something else一些其他的事；else something错误形式；anything else一些其他的事；else anything错误形式。根据“if you want to give up learning English or”可知句子是肯定句，用something。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：但是要有耐心，试着改进你的方法并坚持下去。 go去，动词原形；to go动词不定式；going现在分词/动名词；gone过去分词。keep doing sth.“一直做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。 五、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26~35各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 On a winter afternoon, I was walking in a garden in the warm sunshine. I felt warm and ____26____. Suddenly, an apple tree caught my eye. I walked ____27____ towards it, searching for a perfect apple. However, the apples were red and big. I couldn’t wait to pick one. It was the ____28____ in my eyes. In order to enjoy it, I took a little bite, but bitterness (苦涩) quickly spread through my mouth. At this moment, I knew that beautiful ____29____ didn’t mean the beauty inside and that the beauty inside was much more important than the outside, I walked to the dustbin and prepared to throw it away. After much hesitation (犹豫), I ____30____ throwing it away. I thought I chose it and I should eat it up though it was really ____31____ to eat. I must be responsible for my ____32____. After eating it up, I turned round to the apple tree, ____33____ that since the beautiful apples didn’t taste good, the ugly one must be delicious. When I got ready to pick the apple which I was not happy with, I doubted whether it was delicious. Then a boy rushed out behind me and picked the apple. I saw him eating the apple. I knew that it must be very delicious for his big ____34____. I lost a delicious apple because of my hesitation. Life is like picking apples. When we decide to do something, we should begin without any hesitation or we may ____35____ the chance. 26. A. comfortable B. surprised C. nervous D. cold 27. A. strangely B. weekly C. secretly D. slowly 28. A. smallest B. worst C. best D. greenest 29. A. smell B. appearance C. mind D. energy 30. A. kept on B. worried about C. gave up D. found out 31. A. hard B. good C. fresh D. expensive 32. A. opinion B. voice C. work D. choice 33. A. showing B. thinking C. suggesting D. working 34. A. smile B. pain C. jokes D. tears 35. A. create B. get C. lose D. meet 【答案】26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者通过摘苹果的故事说明了做决定时候不要犹豫，做了决定后要承担后果。 【26题详解】 句意：我感到温暖舒适。 comfortable舒服的；surprised吃惊的；nervous紧张的；cold冷的。根据“I was walking in a garden in the warm sunshine.”可知在温暖的阳光下走在花园里，因此是舒服的。故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：我慢慢地走向它，寻找一个完美的苹果。 strangely奇怪地；weekly每周的；secretly秘密地；slowly缓慢地。根据“searching for a perfect apple”可知寻找一个完美的苹果，因此是缓慢地走向苹果树。故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：这是我眼中最好的。 smallest最小的；worst最坏的；best最好的；greenest最绿的。根据“However, the apples were red and big. I couldn’t wait to pick one.”可知苹果又红又大，我迫不及待地想选择一个，所以是最好的。故选C。 【29题详解】 句意：这一刻，我意识到美丽的外表并不意味着内在的美丽，内在的美比外在重要得多。 smell气味；appearance外表；mind思想；energy能量。根据“beautiful...didn’t mean the beauty inside”可知是美丽的外表并不意味着内在的美丽。故选B。 【30题详解】 句意：犹豫了很久之后，我放弃了扔掉它。 kept on继续；worried about担心；gave up放弃；found out查明。根据“I thought I chose it and I should eat it up”可知认为选择了它应该把它吃掉，因此是放弃丢掉。故选C。 【31题详解】 句意：我想我选择了它，我应该把它吃掉，尽管它真的很难吃。 hard艰难的；good好的；fresh新鲜的；expensive昂贵的。根据“but bitterness (苦涩) quickly spread through my mouth.”可知苦涩很快从嘴里蔓延开来，因此是难吃的。故选A。 【32题详解】 句意：我必须对我的选择负责。 opinion观点；voice声音；work工作；choice选择。根据“I thought I chose it and I should eat it up”可知是为自己的选择负责。故选D。 【33题详解】 句意：吃完后，我走到了苹果树，心想既然漂亮的苹果不好吃，那么丑的一定很好吃。 showing展示；thinking认为；suggesting建议；working工作。根据“that since the beautiful apples didn’t taste good, the ugly one must be delicious”可知既然漂亮的苹果不好吃，那么丑的一定很好吃，这是作者的想法。故选B。 【34题详解】 句意：因为他灿烂的笑容，我知道一定很好吃。 smile微笑；pain痛苦；jokes笑话；tears眼泪。根据“I knew that it must be very delicious for his big”可知从他的笑容知道苹果很好吃。故选A。 【35题详解】 句意：当我们决定做某事时，我们应该毫不犹豫地开始，否则我们可能会失去机会。 create创造；get得到；lose失去；meet遇到。根据“ we should begin without any hesitation or we may...the chance.”可知我们应该毫不犹豫地开始，否则我们可能会失去机会。故选C。 六、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从 36～50 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 (A) A young man went to an expert on gems (宝石) and wanted to learn from him. The expert shook his head. He worried that the young men wouldn’t have the patience to learn. In his opinion, they were always in a hurry. The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try. Finally the expert said, “Be here tomorrow.” The next morning the expert put a jade (翡翠) stone in the man’s hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went on his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The man sat and waited excitedly. The following morning the expert again placed the jade stone in the man’s hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth, and fifth day the expert repeated the action. On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone, but he could no longer stand the silence. “Sir,” he asked “when am I going to learn something?” “ ▲ ,” the expert replied. Several more days went by. The man became more and more impatient. However, when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning, the young man shouted without looking at it, “This is not the same jade stone!” “You have begun to learn,” the expert said with a smile. 36. How long did the man hold the jade stone without asking anything? A. For three days. B. For five days. C. For seven days. D. For half a month. 37. Why did the expert ask the man to hold a stone for days? A. It was a way of learning. B. He was too busy to teach the man. C. It was the most valuable gem he had. D. There was no other work for the man to do. 38. Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A. You should go home B. You will learn C. It is all that I could give you D. It was yesterday 39 How did the young man’s feeling change? A. worried → unhappy → nervous. B. worried → nervous → unhappy. C. excited → nervous → worried. D. excited → unhappy → surprised. 40. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. A real expert on gems. B. Some good learning habits. C. The importance of patience. D. The secret to learning quickly. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述一个年轻人向专家求教的故事。故事揭示了耐心在学习中的重要性。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“On the third, fourth, and fifth day the expert repeated the action. ”和“On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone, but he could no longer stand the silence”可知，年轻人握着翡翠石头五天而什么都没问。故选B。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try”以及“You have begun to learn,”可知，专家让年轻人好几天都握着一块石头，因为那也是一种学习方式。故选A。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据“He worried that the young men wouldn’t have the patience to learn”以及“You have begun to learn”可知专家认为学习要有耐心，所以他让年轻人拿着玉石好几天，可推知此处专家应让年轻人有点耐心，会学到东西的，选项B“你会学到的”符合语境。故选B。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The man sat and waited excitedly.”可知，年轻人刚开始是激动的；根据“but he could no longer stand the silence”可知，接下来年轻人不开心的，不能忍受；根据“the young man shouted without looking at it, ‘This is not the same jade stone!’ ”可知没有看就知道拿的不是同一块玉石，所以最后年轻人是惊讶的。故选D。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。本文讲述一个年轻人向专家求教的故事。故事揭示了耐心在学习中的重要性。故选C。 （B） ①Can animals talk? It is true that they are not able to use words like ours, but most of them can talk in their own way. ②When the cat is happy and pleased, how does she show it? She purrs (发出呼噜声), and this is her way of saying. “I am quite happy now.” If she is unhappy, or in pain, or hungry, she mews. If she is angry, she sets up her back and moves her tail from side to side. If she is treated (对待) in a way she does not like, her tail goes straight up in the air, and she walks out of the room. ③If your dog is pleased, he puts back his ears, waves his tail, and seems to smile. If he is angry, he growls (咆哮), shows his teeth, puts up his tail and the hair along his back and neck, walks around slowly, and makes himself look very fierce (凶猛). This is the dog’s way of saying. “I am mad, I have a mind to bite you.” ④When a hen sees a dog coming near her chickens, have you not noticed how she waves her wings, raises her tail, and rushes to the dog? This is her way of saying “Be off, or I will peck (啄) you with my hard beak (喙).” If she sees a hawk, she makes a strange noise, and her chickens at once run away and hide themselves. They understand their mother to say “Quick, get out of sight, dears! There is danger near.” When she finds some nice food, she makes another kind of noise. The chickens know quite well what it means, and run at once to share the food their mother has found for them. ⑤In such ways as these, animals make themselves understood almost as well as if they could talk like humans. They tell their feelings to one another by acts and by sounds just as we do by words. 41. A cat’s tail goes straight up in the air when ________. A. she is treated in a way she dislikes B. she is hungry or in pain C. she is happy and pleased D. she is interested in something 42. Which of the following is the right order when a hen sees a hawk? a. Chickens understand what their mother says. b. Chickens run away. c. A hen makes a strange noise. d. Chickens hide themselves. A. c→a→b→d B. b→c→d→a C. c→b→d→a D. b→d→a→c 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. A dog puts back his ears and waves his tail to show he is angry. B. A dog always comes near the hen to bite the chickens when he is happy. C. The hen knows her chickens quite well and run to share the food with them. D. The chickens run away and hide themselves when there is danger near. 44. How is the passage organized? A. B. C. D. 45. What’s the writer’s purpose in writing this passage? A. Teach us to talk like animals. B. Introduce how animals make themselves understood. C. Tell us that animals can talk like humans. D. Ask us to be friendly to animals. 【答案】41. A 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了动物虽然不能像人类一样用语言交流，但它们能以自己的方式表达情感，使自己被理解，文章通过举例说明了猫、狗、母鸡等动物的交流方式。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If she is treated (对待) in a way she does not like, her tail goes straight up in the air, and she walks out of the room.”可知，当猫被以它不喜欢的方式对待时，它的尾巴会笔直地竖在空中，故选A。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If she sees a hawk, she makes a strange noise, and her chickens at once run away and hide themselves. They understand their mother to say ‘Quick, get out of sight, dears! There is danger near.’”可知如果母鸡看到鹰，就会发出奇怪的声音，小鸡理解了妈妈说的话，会立刻跑开躲起来，故正确顺序是是cabd。故选A。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If she sees a hawk, she makes a strange noise, and her chickens at once run away and hide themselves. They understand their mother to say ‘Quick, get out of sight, dears! There is danger near.’”可知，当鸡看到有危险靠近时，会跑开并躲藏起来，故选D。 【44题详解】 篇章结构题。文章第一段提出动物能用自己的方式交流的观点，第二、三、四段分别举例说明猫、狗、母鸡的交流方式，第五段进行总结，故选C。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了动物虽然不能像人类一样用语言交流，但它们能以自己的方式表达情感，使自己被理解，文章通过举例说明了猫、狗、母鸡等动物的交流方式，故作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍动物如何让自己被理解，故选B。 （C） Imagine that the battery on your mobile phone has run out. You can’t make any calls for help and no one can contact you. You are all alone, and well, not quite. Just reach into your pocket and take out a piece of sugar. Put it into the battery, wait a minute and you are back on the phone. Thanks to a couple of American scientists, this situation (情况) could become real. Swadesh Chaudhuri and Derek Lovely have invented the “bacteria (细菌) battery”. This kind of battery gets its power from bacteria that eat sugar and turn it into electricity. “This is a special organism (有机体) ,” Lovely said. “You can get enough electricity to power a cell phone battery for about four days from a spoonful (一勺) of sugar.” In the past, bacteria batteries have been expensive and not long-lasting. But this battery uses a more efficient (有效率的) bacterium that can turn 80 percent of sugar into electrical energy. This is 30 percent more than similar batteries can manage. The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable (稳定的) , because sugar can be taken from waste and crops. But the sugar-to-electricity process (过程) is not satisfactory as it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment. The scientists understand there is a lot more work to be done. “It is still young,” said Lovely. “Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.” He also believes the battery will be used in scientific equipment at the bottom of the ocean. Ocher’s ideas include using sugar in the blood to run medical devices in the human body and taking sugar from animal waste to provide energy to power homes in the countryside. 46. What’s the passage mainly about? A. An effective way to repair the mobile phone. B. A scientific invention of a new type of battery. C. A clean energy to reduce the carbon dioxide. D. A new kind of mobile phone and its future. 47. Which of the following is NOT the advantage (优点) of the newly-developed battery? A. Convenient. B. Stable. C. Inexpensive. D. Quick. 48. Which of the following are the scientists working on to improve the new battery? A. Increase the bacteria. B. Solve the pollution problem. C. Bring down the price. D. Change the size of the battery. 49. What does the underlined sentence actually mean? A. The bacteria battery shares some similarities with solar energy. B Scientists will continue their work until they find solar power. C. There is still much room for the improvement of the bacteria battery. D. The bacteria battery will be as popular as solar power in twenty or thirty years. 50. According to the last paragraph, who will find the bacteria battery less useful? A. Divers. B. Farmers. C. Doctors. D. Cooks. 【答案】46. B 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲了一种新发明“细菌电池”，这种电池的能量从吃糖的细菌中获取并将其转化为电能，并具体介绍了这种电池的优缺点。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，主要讲了Swadesh Chaudhuri和Derek Lovely发明了一种新型“细菌电池”，这种电池的能量从吃糖的细菌中获取并将其转化为电能，并具体介绍了这种电池的优缺点。故选B。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable”可知，这种电池便利，便宜且稳定；通过“But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory”，可知糖电转换过程很慢。故选D。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据“it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment.”可知，糖电转换过程很慢以及产生污染环境的“温室”气体，因此可推知，B选项“解决污染问题。”应是科学家们致力于提高的方面。故选B。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.”可知，此处说我们现在的情况是20年或30年前太阳能的情况，太阳能技术在二三十年前也是效率不高并且弊端很多，而现在太阳能技术已经很普及了，说明这种新型电池有很大的提升空间。故选C。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，电池将用于海底的科学设备，其他的想法包括使用血液中的糖来运行人体内的医疗设备，以及从动物提取糖，为农村地区的家庭提供能源。通过选项可知，潜水员，农民和医生都会用上这种电池；而厨师有可能认为电池没那么有用。故选D。 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） Do you know the numbers 0-9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. ____51____ About 2,500 years age, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. ____52____ Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. ____53____ Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. ____54____ In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. ____55____ So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. A. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, X”. B. They help people to count things every day. C. But it’s not the only number system that people use. D. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. E. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. 【答案】51. C 52. A 53. E 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了罗马数字和阿拉伯数字。 【51题详解】 根据“They are numbers in Arabic numerals.”可知，它们是阿拉伯数字中的数字，选项C“但这并不是人们使用的唯一的数字系统。”符合语境。故选C。 【52题详解】 根据“In Roman numerals, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side.”可知，在罗马数字中，两个手指代表2，三个手指代表3，你可以把四个手指放在一边，大拇指放在另一边，选项A“所以在罗马，数字是“I，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，IV，Ⅶ，Ⅷ，Ⅸ，X”。”符合语境。故选A。 【53题详解】 根据“Also, ‘L’ means fifty, ‘C’ means one hundred.”可知，此外，“L”表示50，“C”表示100，选项E“但是罗马数字里没有零。”符合语境。故选E。 【54题详解】 根据“Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write.”可知，今天，大多数人使用阿拉伯数字。它们易于记忆和书写，选项B“它们帮助人们每天计算东西。”符合语境。故选B。 【55题详解】 根据“So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals.”可知，所以欧洲人称之为阿拉伯数字，选项D“然后阿拉伯人把它们带到了欧洲。”符合语境。故选D。 七、写作（共四节，满分27.5分） 第一节 词形变化（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分） 56. Thomas Edison was perhaps the greatest ________ in the world. (invent) 【答案】inventor 【解析】 【详解】句意：托马斯·爱迪生也许是世界上最伟大的发明家。根据“Thomas Edison”可知爱迪生是发明家，inventor“发明家”，此处用名词单数。故填inventor。 57. The Yellow River is the ______ longest river in China. (two) 【答案】second 【解析】 【详解】句意：黄河是中国的第二长河。根据“The Yellow River is the…longest river”可知，此处是指在中国范围内“第二”长的河流，提示词two为基数词，应用其序数词形式修饰最高级，the+数词+形容词最高级，表示“第几最……”。故填second。 58. He answered the question ________ and got full marks. (correct) 【答案】correctly 【解析】 【详解】句意：他答对了问题，得了满分。此处修饰动词answered用副词correctly“正确地”。故填correctly。 59. They look forward to ________ around the world. (travel) 【答案】traveling##travelling 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们期待着环游世界。look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，故填traveling/travelling。 60. She will be much ________ in her new house than in the old one. (happy) 【答案】happier 【解析】 【详解】句意：她在新房子里会比在旧房子里快乐得多。根据“than”可知此处用比较级happier“更高兴”。故填happier。 第二节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。作答时，要求写出完整单词。 Our class was excited when we won the first p___61___ in the sports meeting. I’ve learned a lot. As students, we must r___62___ the importance of doing exercise. To keep healthy, we can buy some books about how to exercise in our daily life. I’ll introduce one to you now. The new book i___63___ many interesting stories and wonderful pictures. It’s called SPORTS. If you don’t like reading books, you can also read e-books with your mobile phone. They are so p___64___ among the students. Most of us like e-books so much. Besides, you can read a___65___ and anywhere if you want during the day or before going to bed. 【答案】61. (p)rize 62. (r)ealize 63. (i)ncludes 64. (p)opular 65. (a)nytime 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作为学生，我们必须意识到锻炼的重要性，同时也可以买一些关于如何在日常生活中锻炼的书。 【61题详解】 句意：当我们在运动会中获得第一名时，我们班都很兴奋。根据“Our class was excited when we won the first”可知，是指获得一等奖，first prize“一等奖”，故填(p)rize。 【62题详解】 句意：作为学生，我们必须意识到锻炼的重要性。根据“As students, we must...the importance of doing exercise”结合首字母可知，是指意识到锻炼的重要性，realize“意识到”，动词，空前有情态动词，动词用原形，故填(r)ealize。 【63题详解】 句意：这本新书包括许多有趣的故事和精彩的图片。根据“many interesting stories and wonderful pictures”以及首字母可知这本新书包括许多有趣的故事和精彩的图片，include“包括”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词单数，谓语动词用单三。故填(i)ncludes。 【64题详解】 句意：它们在学生中很受欢迎。根据“They are so...among the students”可知是指电子书在学生间很受欢迎，popular“受欢迎的”，形容词作表语，故填(p)opular。 【65题详解】 句意：此外，如果你愿意，你可以在白天或睡前随时随地阅读。根据“Besides, you can read...and anywhere ”可知是随时随地阅读，anytime“任何时间”，故填(a)nytime。 第三节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 66. 妈妈上周给我买了一台新电脑，这是多么大的一个惊喜啊！ Last week, my mother bought me a new computer. ________ ________ ________ surprise it is! 【答案】 ①. What ②. a ③. great##big 【解析】 【详解】英汉对照可知，后半句是感叹句，使用“What a/an +形容词+名词+主语+谓语”结构。“大的”great/big修饰名词“surprise”，great/big首字母都发辅音音素，所以不定冠词用a，故填What；a；great/big。 67. 新电脑的运行速度比旧电脑快得多，这会节省我很多时间。 The working speed of the new computer is ________ ________ ________ that of the old one. It saves me a lot of time. 【答案】 ①. much ②. faster ③. than 【解析】 【详解】fast：快的，形容词；比……快得多：much faster than，故填much；faster；than。 68. 我可以用它来提升英语。例如，我可以训练英语听说。 I can _______ it ________ improve my English. ________ ________, I can practise my listening and speaking. 【答案】 ①. use ②. to ③. For ④. example 【解析】 【详解】根据所给句意可知，前两空表示“使用它提高英语”，use sth. to do sth.“使用某物做某事”，“can”为情态动词，第一空“use”用原形；第3、4空表示“比如”，此处举的是一个例子，用for example，意为“比如”。故填use；to；For；example。 69. 此外，我还可以在网上与朋友保持联系。 ________ ________, I can ________ ________ touch with my friends on the Internet. 【答案】 ①. What’s ②. more ③. keep ④. in 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填“此外”和“保持”。“此外”的英文表达是what’s more，位于句首，首字母大写；“与……保持联系”是keep in touch with...，can后面接动词原形。故填What’s ；more；keep；in。 70. 有了这台电脑对我来说方便了，但我不该太依赖它。 ________ ________ for me to have this computer, but I shouldn’t ________ too much ________ it. 【答案】 ①. It’s ②. convenient ③. depend ④. on 【解析】 【详解】做某事对某人来说是……的：it’s adj. for sb. to do sth.；方便的：convenient；依赖：depend on，情态动词后加动词原形。故填It’s；convenient；depend；on。 第四节 书面表达（满分10分） 71. 科学技术日新月异，新发明给人们的生活带来了很多便利。假设你是李华，最近你和你的同学在班里做了一项关于“我们的发明”的设想，请你根据以下表格的内容，写一篇英语短文，向真光教育集团的同学们介绍你们的发明设想。 smart umbrella (智能雨伞) 1.外观和普通雨伞一样； 2.如果你喜欢，它可以改变颜色； 3.能报告天气和播放音乐。 robot cleaner (扫地机器人) 1.圆形，底部有三个轮子； 2.可用手机控制； 3.能在房间里自己清洁地板。 新发明的意义 ……(请补充) 注意： 1.参考词汇：功能function，在底部at the bottom； 2.词数：80词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 3.不得透露班级、姓名等个人信息，否则不予评分。 Our inventions Science and technology have changed people’s life and many new inventions bring us a lot of convenience. So my classmates and I have a game of designing our inventions. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Our inventions Science and technology have changed people’s life and many new inventions bring us a lot of convenience. So my classmates and I have a game of designing our inventions. We designed a smart umbrella. It looks like an ordinary umbrella. If you like, it can change color. It can also report the weather and play music. We also designed a robot cleaner. It is round and has three wheels at the bottom. It can be controlled by a mobile phone and it can clean the floor in the room by itself. These inventions will make our life more convenient and interesting. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，属于材料作文； ②时态：采用“一般现在时” ③提示：要求包含所有要点提示，内容完整，条理清晰，注意标点符号的使用。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍科技的发展情况，即活动背景； 第二步，具体介绍发明的事物； 第三步，总结发明的意义。 [亮点词汇] ①look like看起来像 ②at the bottom在底部 ③clean the floor清洁地板 [高分句型] ①If you like, it can change color.  （条件状语从句） ②It can be controlled by a mobile phone and it can clean the floor in the room by itself. （and连接并列句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期期中初二英语练习卷 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第一部分（选择题）和第二部分（非选择题）两部分；共10页，满分90分，全闭卷作答，考试时间100分钟。 2.选择题答案必须写在答题卡上。写在试题卷上的答案不予评分。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡题目指定区域内的相应位置上，并请注意题号顺序；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 一、语音（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分） 从 1～5 各题所给的A、B、C 和 D项中选出划线部分的发音与其他单词划线部分不一致的选项。 1. A. realize B. company C. type D. wise 2. A. produce B. computer C. human D. understand 3. A. lamp B. practical C. ability D. passenger 4. A. inch B. challenge C. machine D. check 5. A. century B. special C. even D. develop 二、句子选择（共 5 小题；每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分） 阅读下面句子，根据句子意思，从 6～10各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。 6. When somebody is born, ________. A. he or she leaves parents B. parents send him or her to see a doctor C. he or she lives with parents for a long time D. he or she comes out of mother’s body 7. Benny’s friends live in the countryside. That means ________. A. they live inside the city B. they live outside the city C. they live in the centre of the city D. they live in the city 8. When you ask a wise person for help, ________. A. you want her or him to give you something to eat B. you want her or him to give you good advice C. you want her or him to give you some money D. you want her or him to do nothing 9. When we make a machine work, ________. A we cannot use it B. we can see it C. we can sell it D. we can operate it 10 The swimming pool is open during the day. ________. A. We can swim anytime B. We can swim in the evening C. We cannot swim anytime D. We can only swim in the daytime 三、单项选择（共 5 小题；每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分） 按照句子结构的语法性，从所给的A、B、C和D项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 11. —Do you know ________ of students in your school, James? —I don’t know the exact number, but I know there are ________ of them. A. the number, the number B. a number, a number C. the number, a number D. a number, the number 12. Allen spent ________ time but did ________ work than Tony. A. little; much B. less; most C. little; more D. less; more 13. Last month, ________ students took part in the sports meeting in our school. A. two hundreds B. hundreds of C. two hundred of D. hundred of 14. Many middle school students go abroad for ________ study. A. farther B. further C. the farthest D. the furthest 15. Mike always works very hard, so he can earn twice ________ I can. A. as much money as B. as many money as C. much as money D. many as money as 四、语法选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下连贯的要求，从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 Now, we live in the 21st century, many changes have taken place in people’s life in the past 40 years. English is becoming one of ____16____ subjects, but some students often have trouble learning English. They say the subject takes up ____17____ of their time. They have to read many passages, ____18____ new words in the dictionary and do lots of exercises. Even though they work hard, they still cannot get good grades on tests. “Why?” they ask. “How can I enjoy success?” The story of Chinese astronaut Deng Qingming might help answer their questions. Deng was chosen as ____19____ astronaut trainee (实习生) in 1998. That was long ago—you readers hadn’t even been born yet. From then on, he has spent almost all of his time training hard to become an astronaut. Over the years, Deng has seen his fellow trainees go into space one after ____20____. He, however, was always a backup (后备人员). Sometimes he even cried. Deng still tries his ____21____ for the dream. Although he is now in his ____22____, he keeps training hard. “I must be ready whenever the chance comes to me.” he once said. Finally, ____23____ the night of November 21, 2022, he and two other astronauts boarded the Shenzhou 15 aircraft and flew into space. Deng had waited 24 years for that very moment. So, if you want to give up learning English or ____24____, think about Deng’s story. Your efforts might not succeed at once. But be patient, try to improve your methods and keep ____25____. You probably won’t have to wait many years for that moment like Deng. One day, success will knock at your door. 16. A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important 17. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. too little 18. A. look up B. looked up C. looking up D. to look up 19. A. a B. an C. the D. / 20. A. other B. others C. another D. the other 21. A. good B. well C. best D. better 22. A. fifty B. fifties C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth 23. A. on B. in C. at D. before 24. A. something else B. else something C. anything else D. else anything 25. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 五、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26~35各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 On a winter afternoon, I was walking in a garden in the warm sunshine. I felt warm and ____26____. Suddenly, an apple tree caught my eye. I walked ____27____ towards it, searching for a perfect apple. However, the apples were red and big. I couldn’t wait to pick one. It was the ____28____ in my eyes. In order to enjoy it, I took a little bite, but bitterness (苦涩) quickly spread through my mouth. At this moment, I knew that beautiful ____29____ didn’t mean the beauty inside and that the beauty inside was much more important than the outside, I walked to the dustbin and prepared to throw it away. After much hesitation (犹豫), I ____30____ throwing it away. I thought I chose it and I should eat it up though it was really ____31____ to eat. I must be responsible for my ____32____. After eating it up, I turned round to the apple tree, ____33____ that since the beautiful apples didn’t taste good, the ugly one must be delicious. When I got ready to pick the apple which I was not happy with, I doubted whether it was delicious. Then a boy rushed out behind me and picked the apple. I saw him eating the apple. I knew that it must be very delicious for his big ____34____. I lost a delicious apple because of my hesitation. Life is like picking apples. When we decide to do something, we should begin without any hesitation or we may ____35____ the chance. 26. A. comfortable B. surprised C. nervous D. cold 27. A. strangely B. weekly C. secretly D. slowly 28 A. smallest B. worst C. best D. greenest 29. A. smell B. appearance C. mind D. energy 30. A. kept on B. worried about C. gave up D. found out 31. A. hard B. good C. fresh D. expensive 32. A. opinion B. voice C. work D. choice 33. A. showing B. thinking C. suggesting D. working 34. A. smile B. pain C. jokes D. tears 35. A. create B. get C. lose D. meet 六、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从 36～50 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 (A) A young man went to an expert on gems (宝石) and wanted to learn from him. The expert shook his head. He worried that the young men wouldn’t have the patience to learn. In his opinion, they were always in a hurry. The young man asked the expert many times to let him have a try. Finally the expert said, “Be here tomorrow.” The next morning the expert put a jade (翡翠) stone in the man’s hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went on his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The man sat and waited excitedly. The following morning the expert again placed the jade stone in the man’s hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth, and fifth day the expert repeated the action. On the sixth day the young man still had to hold the jade stone, but he could no longer stand the silence. “Sir,” he asked “when am I going to learn something?” “ ▲ ,” the expert replied. Several more days went by. The man became more and more impatient. However, when the expert placed a stone in his hand one morning, the young man shouted without looking at it, “This is not the same jade stone!” “You have begun to learn,” the expert said with a smile. 36. How long did the man hold the jade stone without asking anything? A. For three days. B. For five days. C. For seven days. D. For half a month. 37. Why did the expert ask the man to hold a stone for days? A. It was a way of learning. B. He was too busy to teach the man. C. It was the most valuable gem he had. D. There was no other work for the man to do. 38. Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A. You should go home B. You will learn C. It is all that I could give you D. It was yesterday 39. How did the young man’s feeling change? A. worried → unhappy → nervous. B. worried → nervous → unhappy. C. excited → nervous → worried. D. excited → unhappy → surprised. 40. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. A real expert on gems. B. Some good learning habits. C. The importance of patience. D. The secret to learning quickly. （B） ①Can animals talk? It is true that they are not able to use words like ours, but most of them can talk in their own way. ②When the cat is happy and pleased, how does she show it? She purrs (发出呼噜声), and this is her way of saying. “I am quite happy now.” If she is unhappy, or in pain, or hungry, she mews. If she is angry, she sets up her back and moves her tail from side to side. If she is treated (对待) in a way she does not like, her tail goes straight up in the air, and she walks out of the room. ③If your dog is pleased, he puts back his ears, waves his tail, and seems to smile. If he is angry, he growls (咆哮), shows his teeth, puts up his tail and the hair along his back and neck, walks around slowly, and makes himself look very fierce (凶猛). This is the dog’s way of saying. “I am mad, I have a mind to bite you.” ④When a hen sees a dog coming near her chickens, have you not noticed how she waves her wings, raises her tail, and rushes to the dog? This is her way of saying “Be off, or I will peck (啄) you with my hard beak (喙).” If she sees a hawk, she makes a strange noise, and her chickens at once run away and hide themselves. They understand their mother to say “Quick, get out of sight, dears! There is danger near.” When she finds some nice food, she makes another kind of noise. The chickens know quite well what it means, and run at once to share the food their mother has found for them. ⑤In such ways as these, animals make themselves understood almost as well as if they could talk like humans. They tell their feelings to one another by acts and by sounds just as we do by words. 41. A cat’s tail goes straight up in the air when ________. A. she is treated in a way she dislikes B. she is hungry or in pain C. she is happy and pleased D. she is interested in something 42. Which of the following is the right order when a hen sees a hawk? a. Chickens understand what their mother says. b. Chickens run away. c. A hen makes a strange noise. d Chickens hide themselves. A. c→a→b→d B. b→c→d→a C. c→b→d→a D. b→d→a→c 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. A dog puts back his ears and waves his tail to show he is angry. B. A dog always comes near the hen to bite the chickens when he is happy. C. The hen knows her chickens quite well and run to share the food with them. D. The chickens run away and hide themselves when there is danger near. 44. How is the passage organized? A. B. C. D. 45. What’s the writer’s purpose in writing this passage? A. Teach us to talk like animals. B. Introduce how animals make themselves understood. C. Tell us that animals can talk like humans. D. Ask us to be friendly to animals. （C） Imagine that the battery on your mobile phone has run out. You can’t make any calls for help and no one can contact you. You are all alone, and well, not quite. Just reach into your pocket and take out a piece of sugar. Put it into the battery, wait a minute and you are back on the phone. Thanks to a couple of American scientists, this situation (情况) could become real. Swadesh Chaudhuri and Derek Lovely have invented the “bacteria (细菌) battery”. This kind of battery gets its power from bacteria that eat sugar and turn it into electricity. “This is a special organism (有机体) ,” Lovely said. “You can get enough electricity to power a cell phone battery for about four days from a spoonful (一勺) of sugar.” In the past, bacteria batteries have been expensive and not long-lasting. But this battery uses a more efficient (有效率的) bacterium that can turn 80 percent of sugar into electrical energy. This is 30 percent more than similar batteries can manage. The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable (稳定的) , because sugar can be taken from waste and crops. But the sugar-to-electricity process (过程) is not satisfactory as it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment. The scientists understand there is a lot more work to be done. “It is still young,” said Lovely. “Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.” He also believes the battery will be used in scientific equipment at the bottom of the ocean. Ocher’s ideas include using sugar in the blood to run medical devices in the human body and taking sugar from animal waste to provide energy to power homes in the countryside. 46. What’s the passage mainly about? A. An effective way to repair the mobile phone. B. A scientific invention of a new type of battery. C. A clean energy to reduce the carbon dioxide. D. A new kind of mobile phone and its future. 47. Which of the following is NOT the advantage (优点) of the newly-developed battery? A. Convenient. B. Stable. C. Inexpensive. D. Quick. 48. Which of the following are the scientists working on to improve the new battery? A. Increase the bacteria. B. Solve the pollution problem. C. Bring down the price. D. Change the size of the battery. 49. What does the underlined sentence actually mean? A. The bacteria battery shares some similarities with solar energy. B. Scientists will continue their work until they find solar power. C. There is still much room for the improvement of the bacteria battery. D. The bacteria battery will be as popular as solar power in twenty or thirty years. 50. According to the last paragraph, who will find the bacteria battery less useful? A. Divers. B. Farmers. C. Doctors. D. Cooks. 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） Do you know the numbers 0-9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. ____51____ About 2,500 years age, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. ____52____ Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. ____53____ Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. ____54____ In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. ____55____ So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. A. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, X”. B They help people to count things every day. C. But it’s not the only number system that people use. D. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. E. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. 七、写作（共四节，满分27.5分） 第一节 词形变化（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分） 56. Thomas Edison was perhaps the greatest ________ in the world. (invent) 57. The Yellow River is the ______ longest river in China. (two) 58. He answered the question ________ and got full marks. (correct) 59. They look forward to ________ around the world. (travel) 60. She will be much ________ in her new house than in the old one. (happy) 第二节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。作答时，要求写出完整单词。 Our class was excited when we won the first p___61___ in the sports meeting. I’ve learned a lot. As students, we must r___62___ the importance of doing exercise. To keep healthy, we can buy some books about how to exercise in our daily life. I’ll introduce one to you now. The new book i___63___ many interesting stories and wonderful pictures. It’s called SPORTS. If you don’t like reading books, you can also read e-books with your mobile phone. They are so p___64___ among the students. Most of us like e-books so much. Besides, you can read a___65___ and anywhere if you want during the day or before going to bed. 第三节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 66. 妈妈上周给我买了一台新电脑，这是多么大的一个惊喜啊！ Last week, my mother bought me a new computer. ________ ________ ________ surprise it is! 67. 新电脑的运行速度比旧电脑快得多，这会节省我很多时间。 The working speed of the new computer is ________ ________ ________ that of the old one. It saves me a lot of time. 68. 我可以用它来提升英语。例如，我可以训练英语听说。 I can _______ it ________ improve my English. ________ ________, I can practise my listening and speaking. 69. 此外，我还可以在网上与朋友保持联系。 ________ ________, I can ________ ________ touch with my friends on the Internet. 70. 有了这台电脑对我来说方便了，但我不该太依赖它。 ________ ________ for me to have this computer, but I shouldn’t ________ too much ________ it. 第四节 书面表达（满分10分） 71. 科学技术日新月异，新发明给人们的生活带来了很多便利。假设你是李华，最近你和你的同学在班里做了一项关于“我们的发明”的设想，请你根据以下表格的内容，写一篇英语短文，向真光教育集团的同学们介绍你们的发明设想。 smart umbrella (智能雨伞) 1.外观和普通雨伞一样； 2.如果你喜欢，它可以改变颜色； 3.能报告天气和播放音乐。 robot cleaner (扫地机器人) 1.圆形，底部有三个轮子； 2.可用手机控制； 3.能在房间里自己清洁地板。 新发明的意义 ……(请补充) 注意： 1.参考词汇：功能function，在底部at the bottom； 2.词数：80词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 3.不得透露班级、姓名等个人信息，否则不予评分。 Our inventions Science and technology have changed people’s life and many new inventions bring us a lot of convenience. So my classmates and I have a game of designing our inventions. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$