Unit 8复习讲义-2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? 重点知识解读 1. Turn on the blender.打开搅拌器。 （1）这是一个祈使句，以动词原形turn开头。 （2）turn on意为“打开；接通（电流、煤气、水等）”，其反义短语是 turn off。turn on,turn off 是由动词和副词构成的短语。这种短语接代词作宾语时，代词放在这两个词的中间；接名词作宾语时，名词既可放在中间，也可放在副词后面。如：Turn it on,please,请把它打开。 知识拓展：与turn 相关的短语：turn up(把音量)调大；调高 turn around 转身 turn left/right向左/右转 turn down(把音量）调小；调低 turn..into... 把……变成…… turn to 转向 turn over 翻转 跟踪练习--用 turn on,turn off,turn up或turn down填空 ①I can’t hear it clearly .Please ________________the radio. ②It's a good habit to________________the lights before leaving the classroom. ③Please________________ the music. It's too noisy. ④Tom came into the room and_________________the TV for his grandma. 2. Put the bananas and ice-cream in the blender.把（切碎的）香蕉和冰淇淋放进搅拌器里。 put...in...相当于put...into..，意为“把……放入··里”。如： He put that book in/into the box.他把那本书放进了盒子里。 ★词汇辨析--辨析：in与into (1) in意为“在……里面”，是描述物体位置的静态介词，表示在某一空间的范围内。如： He is sitting in the room.他正坐在房间里。 (2) into意为“进入……；到……里”，是描述动作方向的动态介词，常与表示动作的动词come，go,run等连用，与out of相对。如：The police broke into the room.警察破门而入。 知识拓展--与put相关的短语：put on穿上；上演(戏剧等) put away 把……收好 put off推迟；延期 put out熄灭 put up 挂起；举起；张贴 put down 放下 跟踪练习--用适当的介词或副词填空 ①Please put these things___________your schoolbag. ②The old man put___________his glasses and started reading. ③This afternoon's meeting will have to be put_____________. ④The fire was put_________soon. ⑤Put your toys___________when you've finished playing. ⑥They all jumped_____________sea and swam to the island. ⑦There are many desks______________the classroom. 3. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes. 然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮10分钟。 （1）add意为“增加；添加”,add..to.…意为“把……加到……上”。如： She added two spoons of salt to the pot.她向锅里加了两勺盐。 （2）another 10 minutes意为“另外10分钟”，相当于10 more minutes。如： He waited for her for 15 minutes at first, but she didn't come. So he had to wait for another 15 minutes.他开始等了她15分钟，但是她没来。所以他只得再等15分钟。 跟踪练习 ①Do you want to add some sugar _______the coffee?（填适当的介词） ②We walked for______________（另外2小时）before we got to the top of the mountain. 4. Half a cup.半杯。 “half a/an..."结构表示"… 的一半”。如：half an hour半小时 half a kilo 半公斤 若要表示"…...个半.”则用“数词+名词（复数）+and a half"或“数词+and a half+名词（复数）"。如：three months and a half=three and a half months 3个半月 知识拓展：half 也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式由其所接的名词决定。如： （1）Half the apples are bad.这些苹果中有一半是坏的。 （2）Half the milk comes from the farm.一半的牛奶来自这家农场。 跟踪练习 It took him ____________________（两个半小时）to finish that picture. 5. Do you know how to plant a tree?你知道怎么栽树吗? how to plant a tree 为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作know的宾语。不定式可以和疑问代词who，what,which及疑问副词 when,how,where等连用，构成不定式短语，在句子 中作主语、宾语、表语等。如： （1）Where to stay for the night is a problem.晚上在哪里过夜是一个问题。 （2）She didn't know what to do.她不知道做什么。 （3）We haven't decided where to spend our holiday.我们还未决定去哪里度假。 跟踪练习 ①She asked me__________________(什么时候去拜访）the writer. ②I don't know__________________（如何使用）the blender. ③The problem is__________________(做什么）next. 6. First, put some butter on a piece of bread.首先，在一片面包上放些黄油。 （1）句中 put...on...是动词加介词结构，意为“把……放在……上”，与表示“穿上；戴上”的put on是有区别的。后者是动词加副词构成的短语，后接名词时，名词可位于副词on之前 或之后；接代词时，代词只能位于on之前。如： ①She put the schoolbag on the table.她把书包放在桌子上了。 ②They put on their hats and went out.他们戴上帽子出去了。 ③It's cold today.Put it on,please.今天很冷。请把它穿上。 （2）a piece of bread 意为“一片面包”。 跟踪练习 ①请把这些书放到课桌上。_______________________________________________________ ②他正在收音机里听一首歌。_______________________________________________________ 7. Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.接着，用这些面包混合物填充火鸡。 fill...with..意为“用……来装满……”。使用此短语时要注意：fill后面应该接容器名称，而with后面接填充物名称。短语be filled with 相当于be full of,意为"充满”。如： （1）He fills our lives with joy.他使我们的生活充满欢乐。 （2）The glass is full of water.=The glass is filled with water.这个杯子里装满了水。 跟踪练习-用适当的介词填空 ①Don't fill the blender_________too much watermelon. ②The balloon is filled__________air. ③The room is full___________people. 语法提优 可数名词与不可数名词 教材例句 1. How many bananas do we need? 2. How much yogurt do we need? 3. First, buy some beef, one cabbage, four carrots, three potatoes, five tomatoes and one onion. 语法解读 1.名词是表示人、物、地点及抽象概念的名称的词。名词按其可数性分为可数名词和不可数 名词。 （1）可数名词的用法 可以被不定冠词a/an,基数词one等或与它们相当的词或短语(如 many，some,few,a few 等）修饰。可数名词一般有单数形式和复数形式（少数可数名词单复数同形）。如： an apple一个苹果 many teachers 许多老师 some Chinese一些中国人 （2）不可数名词的用法 只有单数形式，不可用不定冠词、基数词修饰，可用little，a little，some 来修饰。若要表达不可数名词的量应用“不定冠词/基数词+计量单位名词+of+不可数名词”。如： a cup of tea 一杯茶 two bags of rice 两袋米 2.对名词数量的提问 提问可数名词的数量要用how many，而提问不可数名词的量要用how much。如： (1) How many books do you have?你有多少书? (2）How much ice-cream did Peter have just now?彼得刚才吃了多少冰激凌? 3.口诀 可数名词有复数，s结尾占多数。不可数名词无复数，表“量“要用“容器”词；用在句中作主语谓语动词用单数。 4. 为方便记忆，请看思维导图： 名词 可数名词的量（用how many提问） 确数：a/an/one+名词单数；（数词（大于1）+名词复数 概数：some/many/lots of/a few...+名词复数 不可数名词的量（用how much 提问） 确数：数词+表示量的名词（单数或复数）+of+不可数名词 概数：some/lots of/much/a little...+不可数名词 同步训练-语法精练 一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1.I often see Mom feed some____________(corn) to the chickens and ducks. 2.I am so thirsty. Please give me two____________(bottle) of water. 3.In our school, lots of____________(child) enjoy playing football. 4. We need a kilo of____________(chicken) and a bag of rice. 5. Lisa made some____________(sandwich) for her parents. 二、用下来所给词的适当形式填空 plate, orange, gravy, sheep, tomatoes 6. It's so hot today and I'd like two bottles of____________ 7. Look! There are many____________on the mountain. 8.Why not pour some____________over that dish? Maybe it tastes more delicious. 9.Wow, so many____________of sandwiches and cakes!I can't wait! 10. -What kind of noodles would you like, Joan? -I'd like some____________noodles with some cabbage. 三、用How much 或How many填空 11.-____________onions did Amy buy in the supermarket? -Three. 12.-____________salt did you add in it? -Just one spoon. 13.-____________bottles of orange juice do you want? -Ten. 14.-____________rice did Tom have for supper? -Two bowls. 15.-____________pieces of bread do we need? -Just two pieces. 四、阅读理解 The Lantern Festival marks(标志着）the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations. On the night of the festival, you can see beautiful lanterns of different shapes and sizes everywhere. Lanterns are often carried by children for fun or for a bright future. Eating rice dumplings is another custom for the Lantern Festival. The markets, supermarkets or many convenience stores(便利店）sell rice dumplings on this day.In the early spring, the weather is still cold. People enjoy eating hot rice dumplings with their family to celebrate the Lantern Festival. There is a " lantern riddle party " somewhere.Riddles(谜语）are sometimes written on the lanterns for people to guess during the festival. Some of the riddles are called "lantern tigers" because they are difficult to answer. 16.Why do children carry lanterns on the Lantern Festival? A. They want to enter a good senior high school. B. It's their homework. C. They have fun carrying them. D. They want to have more experience of making lanterns. 17. What DON'T people do on the Lantern Festival? A. Eat hot rice dumplings with their family. B. Go to a lantern riddle party. C. Watch beautiful lanterns. D. Sell rice dumplings at stores. 18. Where can people buy rice dumplings? A. At hotels. B. At temples. C.At markets. D. At fruit shops. 19. Why are some of the riddles called"lantern tigers"? A. Because the riddles are about the animal sign "Tiger". B. Because they are not easy to guess. C. Because the lanterns look like tigers. D. Because the lanterns are in the shape of tigers. 作文提优 1、 词汇积累 一种叫...的三明治_________________________________________ 如何制作一个三明治____________________________ 两勺黄油_____________________ 一片面包____________________ 一个洋葱__________________ 把...放到...___________________ 切碎_____________ 把...加到..._____________在顶部_______________ 一口气________________ 2、 写作 假如你叫Jack，上周你从某烹饪节目中学会了一种叫做“Super Turkey Sandwich”的食物。请你给你的好友David写一封信，介绍它是如何做成的。要求:1.短文须用到表中所提到的原材料。 2.词数100左右。 Ingredient bread butter onion tomato turkey gravy Amount 2 pieces 2 spoons 1 1 3 pieces 1 spoon 1. 审题，列提纲 写作内容： 2. 时态：___________________________________________________________________________ 3. 结构 第一段：引入话题 （1） 我知道你喜欢吃三明治。 （2） 你知道一种叫“Super Turkey Sandwich”的三明治吗？（a kind of...called...） ___________________________________________________________________________________ （3） 上个礼拜我在电视上学了如何制作它。（how+to do） ____________________________________________________________________________________ 第二段：介绍制作步骤 （4）检查所有的食材并且把两勺黄油涂抹在一片面包上。（put...on...） （5）切一个洋葱和一个番茄。（cut up） __________________________________________________________________________________ （6） 把它们放在面包上。 __________________________________________________________________________________ （7） 将3片火鸡加到面包中，并在火鸡上倒一勺肉质。 __________________________________________________________________________________ （8） 把另外一片面包放在顶上。 __________________________________________________________________________________ 第三段：总结 （9）这个三明治太好吃了以至于我一口气吃了两个。（so...that...） 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （10）我真的希望你能试试这个配方。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 成文 Dear David, I know that you like eating sandwiches.Do you know a kind of sandwich called “Super Turkey Sandwich”? I learned how to make it on TV last week. Here are the steps. First, check all the ingredients and put two spoons of butter on a piece of bread. Next, cut up an onion and a tomato. Put them on the bread. Then, add three pieces of turkey to the bread and put one spoon of gravy on the turkey. Finally, put another piece of bread on the top. The sandwiches are so delicious that I eat two in one go. I really hope you can try this recipe later. Yours, Jack 自评：（1）文章是否包含了表格中所有原材料；（2）文章所描述的步骤是否正确；（3）步骤之间是否有衔接词连接；（4）所写句子是否正确；（5）单词拼写是否正确；（6）书写是否端正清晰。 中考题型练 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. _________(one), peel some pears, and then cut them up. 2. _______________(not play)computer games, Mike. 3. It is going to rain. Don't forget ____________(take) an umbrella with you. 4. Lang Lang started taking piano lessons at the age of three. Now he is a wonderful ___________(piano). 5. There are many kinds of animals in __________(dangerous). 6. Here is one way ____________（make）a fruit salad . 7. ___________(final), write your names on the test paper, please. 8. —Do you like ____________(tomato)? —Yes, I do. 9. It’s time ____________(have) dinner now, children. 10. The air _____________(pollute) is a big problem in her hometown. 11. It's very _____________(danger) for kids to swim in the river. 12. He dreams of becoming a famous _____________(violin) one day. 13. They will have a big party _____________(celebrate) his grandfather's eightieth birthday. 14. He went to apply for(申请) a job by _________(fill) in his name，phone number and address in the form. 15. People usually put red paper cuts on their doors and windows on this __________ (tradition) festival. 2、 词汇运用 （1） 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 cheese sandwich reason mix forget 1. Lisa　 　sugar with salt by mistake, so the soup tasted terrible. 2. I like　 　with beef and vegetables. 3. I　 　to bring the homework to school and the teacher was angry with me. 4. There are many　 　for this special day. 5. Wendy eats too much 　 ____ 　. That's why she gets fat. （2） 请根据括号内所给汉语意思或首字母写出单词的正确形式。 1. To make your coffee taste sweet, you can put some ___________(糖) into it. 2. I had an egg, some ____________(片) of bread and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning. 3. After two hours’ walking, the team ____________(终于) arrived at a small village. 4. Dumplings are the _____________(传统) food of the Spring Festival. 5. It was so cold, and the old man ____________(覆盖) himself with a coat. 6. What about t___________ on the blender to make some juice? I'm thirsty. 7. My mom s__________ a delicious lunch to the Smiths yesterday. 8. H__________ comes from bees. It’s helpful to our human bodies. 9. You should heat (加热) the oven to a t____________ of 200˚C first. 10. The trees begin to turn orange and yellow when a________ comes. 11. — Would you like another piece of apple p________? — Yes, please. 12. My brother found a job as a teacher yesterday, so my family ate out to c________. 13. There's a h___________ in my sock, I need to buy a new pair. 14. Factories mustn't p__________ the polluted water into the rivers. 15. A blender is a kind of m___________ which helps us make juice or milk shake. 3、 语法填空 Do you want to learn 1.____________(cook)? It’s very interesting. I think 2.______ you want to keep healthy, food is the most important. You 3.__________(be) very healthy if you try different vegetables. So today, let me teach you how to cook the cabbage. We need a small cabbage, six peppers, two 4.__________(piece) of garlic, a spoon of sugar and a spoon of salt. Now let’s start. 5._________(one), wash the cabbage and cut it into pieces, and then cut up the peppers and garlic and turn on the gas cooker.6.________, pour some oil 7.__________ the wok(锅), and add the peppers and garlic when the oil is quite hot. 8.________ add the cabbage pieces, sugar and salt. Mix them 9.______ for about one minute. 10.___________(final), put it on the plate and you can eat it. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$