Unit 3 复习 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册

Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister. 重点知识解读 1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 萨姆和汤姆都会敲鼓，但萨姆敲得比汤姆好。 both...and...意为“……和……都”，连接两个并列的成分。如： Both he and his brother are my friends.他和他弟弟都是我的朋友。 知识拓展 both作代词，意为“两个；两个都”。如： ①Both of the flowers are very beautiful.=The flowers are both very beautiful.两朵花都很漂亮。 ②I invited both of them.=I invited them both.他们两个我都邀请了。 跟踪练习 They both like eating dumplings.=____________________________________________________ 2. That's Tara,isn't it? 那是塔拉，是吗？ 此句为反意疑问句。反意疑问句由“陈述句+简略疑问句”两部分组成，陈述部分提出看法，疑问部分用来质疑或求证。陈述部分和疑问部分在人称和时态上应保持一致，而且陈述部分 为肯定式时，疑问部分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时，陈述部分用肯定式。如： He likes English, doesn't he? 他喜欢英语，是吗？ He doesn't like English, does he? 他不喜欢英语，是吗? 跟踪练习-完成下列反意疑问句 ①Jim usually has supper at 6:00 p.m.,___________________？ ②She isn't from China,_________________? ③Your classmates went to the cinema yesterday,_________________? ④Lucy can't play the piano,_________________？ 3. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though.然而，你能看得出来莉萨真的想赢。 （1）though在这里是副词，意为“不过；可是；然而”，通常用于句末，前面用逗号与句子隔开。如：He said that he would come. He didn't, though.他说他会来。可是他没来。 （2）though作连词时，意为“虽然；尽管；不过”，相当于although。如： Though he has no money, he lives very happily.尽管他没钱，但是他过得很幸福。 跟踪练习 It's hard work. I enjoy it,______________（可是；然而）. 4. Well, everyone wants to win. But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.嗯,大家都想获胜。但是最重要的是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。 （1） win作动词，意为“获胜；赢；赢得”，其过去式为won。winner是win的名词形式，意为“获胜者；优胜者”。win的宾语一般为比赛、竞争、战争等。 如：They won the match/game this time.这次他们赢得了这场比赛。 （2）have fun意为“玩得愉快；获得乐趣”，其同义短语为have a good time,enjoy oneself。have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很愉快”。fun是不可数名词，意为“乐趣”，可用 a lot of,much, great 等修饰。如： Tom often has fun playing computer games.汤姆经常玩电脑游戏玩得很开心。 跟踪练习 ①I'm sure they can____________（赢得）the football game again next time. ②他们正在开心地打篮球。____________________________________________________________ 5. A good friend makes me laugh.好朋友会让我笑。 （1）make sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。make作“让……”讲时，后接宾语和宾语补足语，宾语补足语须用省去不定式符号to的不定式。如： The boss makes them work ten hours a day.老板让他们一天工作10个小时。 （2）laugh作不及物动词，意为“笑；大笑”。laugh at sb.意为“取笑、讥笑、嘲笑某人”。如： ①He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 ②Don't laugh at the poor.不要嘲笑穷人。 跟踪练习 ①Sam often makes us__________（和他一起玩）. ②It's not kind to laugh_________a man in trouble（处于困难中）. 6. I'm shy so it's not easy for me to make friends.我很腼腆，所以交朋友对我来说不是件易事 it 在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是to make friends,这样可以使句子的结构具有平衡感，避免头重脚轻。句型为：it's adj. for sb.to do sth，其中的for 引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，形容 词表示事物的特征。如：It's important for us to have healthy eating habits.对于我们来说，拥有健康的饮食习惯是很重要的。 当句中的形容词表示人的品质时，句型为：it is adj.of sb.to do sth.。如： It's clever of you to work out this math problem.你解出了这道数学题，真聪明。 跟踪练习-用适当的介词填空 ①It's difficult __________her to be a top student in such a short time. ②It's kind_________ you to offer the old woman your seat. 7. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一个真正的朋友是在需要时给你帮助，使你感动。 （1） reach意为“伸手”时，作不及物动词，常用于reach for“伸手去拿……；够到……”短语中。 如：The old man tried to reach for the telephone and call his son.老人试图去拿电话给儿子打电话。 （2）reach 还有“到达；抵达”之意，作及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词或副词。如： When he reached Beijing, it was 3:00 a. m.当他到达北京时，已经是凌晨3点了。 特别注意 arrive和get也有“到达”之意，但它们是不及物动词，后面接地点名词时,要用arrive in/at sp.或get to sp.。 跟踪练习 When did you reach Shanghai? =____________________________________________________________ 语法提优 形容词、副词的原级和比较级 教材例句 1. Tina is taller than Tara. 2. And she also sings more loudly than Tara. 3. Well, I think Lisa sang better than Nelly. 4. Are you as friendly as your sister? 语法解读 1.形容词、副词的原级 （1）基本用法：讲述某人或某物自身情况时用原级。 （2）基本句型：主语+谓语+形容词/副词原级+其他。如：He is very old now.他现在很老了。 （3）表示两者之间没有差别时，使用句型：A+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B。如： He is as excited as his younger sister.他和他妹妹一样兴奋。 （4）表示A比不上B时，使用句型：A+谓语动词否定式+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B。如：He is not so/as excited as his younger sister.他没他妹妹那么兴奋。 2.形容词、副词的比较级 （1）基本用法：讲述两者有差异，“A超过B”时用比较级。 （2）基本句型：A+谓语动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+B。如： A modern train is faster than a car.现代的火车比轿车快。 注意：在形容词比较级前还可用much,even,a little来修饰，分别表示“……得多”，“甚至...” “…一些”。如：This city is much more beautiful than before.这个城市比以前更美了。 （3）句型“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……”。多音节词比较级用“more and more+形容词/副词原级”形式。如： ①The weather is getting worse and worse.天气变得越来越糟糕了。 ②He is running more and more slowly.他跑得越来越慢了。 （4）“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……，就越……”。如： ①The more books you read,the more you know.你书读得越多，你知道得就越多。 ②The harder you work, the better grades you will make.你越努力学习，你就取得越好的成绩。 （5）“the+比较级+of the two”，意为“两个中较……的那个”。如： She is the taller of the two girls.她是两个女孩中较高的那个。 1. 形容词、副词比较级的构成规则 类别 构成方法 示例 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况 直接加-er high—higher tall—taller 以字母e为结尾 加-r fine—finer large—larger 以重读闭音节为结尾， 并且末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母， 再加-er big—bigger fat—fatter 以“辅音字母+y” 为结尾的双音节词 变y为i,再加-er happy—happier easy—easier 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加 more beautiful—more beautiful slowly—more slowly 不规则变化 bad/badly/ill—worse many/much—more old—older/elder far—farther/further good/well—better little—less 注意：（1）elder 只用于表示兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 （2）farther指“距离更远”，further 指“程度更深”。如： further information进一步的信息 further education继续教育 语法精练 一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1.Tom is as_____________(smart) as Sam. 2.Who is much_____________(busy),Mike or Mary? 3.It's_____________(hot) today than it was yesterday. 4.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the_____________(good). 5.In fact, people are_____________(healthy) today than at any time in history. 6.I'm a little_____________(thin) than he is. 7.I didn't jump so_____________(high) as my friend just now. 8.Bob was_____________(hard-working) than Henry, so he failed the math test. 9.My friend is really kind and very_____________.In fact,she's_____________than anyone I know.(funny) 10.Jack and Tom both like sports, but Jack plays tennis_____________(well). 二、同义句转换 11. Tara is taller than me. =_______________________________________________________________________ 12. Jack is more hard-working than Ted. =_______________________________________________________________________ 13. Jeff is the loudest student in his class. =_______________________________________________________________________ 14. Nancy is the tallest girl in her class. =_______________________________________________________________________ 15. I picked 20 apples and my sister picked 30 apples. =_______________________________________________________________________ 三、语法填空 Televisions are like books or films.16.__________child can learn both bad things and good things from them. Because17.__________ television, a child does not have to go to the zoo to see animals or to the ocean to see a ship. Television brings many places and events into our homes.18.__________ , some programs show crimes（犯罪）and other things that 19.__________(be) bad for children. In fact, most 20.__________(child) like to watch TV. Some of them even watch television for eight hours or more on Sundays. So parents sometimes help them 21.__________(find) other interesting things to do. Doing sports such as playing basketball,swimming and 22.__________(run) is good for both body and mind. If you are 23.__________(interest) in history, you can go to see movies about important events. They will help you know something about history.When you are too tired to study, just sit on the sofa and enjoy the music to relax 24.__________(you). It will help you study even 25.__________(good). 作文提优 1、 词汇积累 在同一个班级_____________________ 在某些方面相似_____________________ 不同于___________________________ 和我同岁______________________________ 比我更有创造力___________________ 擅长于____________________________ 取得好成绩________________________ 2、 写作 假设你是 Frank,而Mike是你的同班好友。你们既有相似的地方,又有不同的地方。请根据表格中提供的信息,把你们两位的情况介绍给其他的朋友。 Name Mike Frank Age ★★★ ★★★ Tall ★★★ ★ Popular ★★★ ★★★ Creative(有创造力的) ★ ★★★ Outgoing ★★★ ★ Schoolwork ★★★ ★★★ 1. 审题，列提纲 写作内容： 时态：______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 结构（三段） 第一段：介绍我和Mike的关系,引出话题 （1）我和Mike是好朋友并且在一个班级。 （2） 我们在某些方面相似，又在某些方面不同。（in some ways） ___________________________________________________________________________________ 第二段：从各方面对比我和Mike （3）Mike和我一样大。（as...as...） （4）Mike比我高得多。（much+adj.比较级） （5）Mike比我外向。（adj.比较级） （6）我比Mike更有创造力。（adj.比较级） （7）所有的同学都认识我们因为我们在学校很受欢迎（because） （8）Mike和我一样擅长于学业，我们都取得了好成绩。（be good at） 第三段：总结 （9）虽然我们在一些方面有所不同，我们都很喜欢和对方呆在一起。（although） 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3、 优秀范文 Mike and I are good friends and we are in the same class. We are similar in some ways and different in other ways. Mike is the same age as me, but he is taller than me.Because he plays basketball everyday. Mike is also more outgoing than me. Of course, I’m more creative than Mike. All of our classmates know us because Mike and I are both popular at school. And Mike is as good at schoolwork as me. Both of us get good grades. Although we are different from each other in some ways, we enjoy staying together. 四、篇章写作 自评：（1）文章是否有合适的开头结尾；（2）文章比较内容是否包括所有6个方面；（3）比较级的使用是否正确；（4）点与点之间是否有合适的衔接词衔接；（5）句子结构是否正确；（6）单词拼写是否正确；（7）书写是否端正清晰。 中考题型练 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I think I am ________(good) at English than my sister, Mary. 2. They think humans(人) are much ________(smart) than animals. 3. Peter and Paul are twins. But Peter is ___________(heavy) than Paul and Paul is __________(short) than his brother. 4. Tim has________(many) friends than Tom. 5. Which country is ____________(big), Canada or China? 6. I study very __________(hard), but my friend Tony is _______________(hard-working) than me. 7. Mrs Green looks much____________ (friendly) than her friends. 8. Tom doesn't speak as ___________(clear) as his brother . 9. Of the two girls, I find Lucy sings___________(clear) and more loudly. 10. I think it’s necessary for kids _________(help) with housework at home. 11. A true friend _________(reach) for your hand and touches your heart. 12. Eat less meat, take more exercise and you'll be ___________ (healthy). 13. Mom walked in the room __________(quiet) because the baby was sleeping. 14. Lucy and Lily are twin sisters.But they look quite____________(different). That's to say, there are many _____________(different) between them. 15. He is funny and he always makes us________(laugh). 2、 词汇运用 be similar to clear grade good true 1. The teacher speaks English so　 　that everyone can understand her. 2. I think I am 　 　 at English than my sister, Mary. 3. Their classroom 　 _ ours, but ours has a bigger garden. 4. Study hard, and get good 　 　 in the final exam. 5. Mr. Smith is a 　 　 good teacher. We all like him a lot. （二）请根据括号内所给汉语意思或首字母写出单词的正确形式。 1. Linda is excellent. She got the first prize in the English c ______ (比赛). 2. These __ (孩子) like playing in the park after school. 3. —Did you like your school trip?—Yes, it was (棒极了). 4. If you are interested in the activity, you can ask your teacher for more ______________(信息). 5. It’s _____________(有必要的) to learn English well if you want to go abroad. 6. —How old is Alice? —She is of the same age as I am. We are ___________(都) thirteen. 7. Please be q__________, your sister is doing homework now. 8. Many children go to p school at the age of seven in China. 9. Sam and Tony are good friends. They often s some food and toys. 10. Mary is really t___________ in singing songs. She has such a beautiful voice. 时文阅读 Wan Nian Li is the oldest solar calendar in ancient China. It is more like a guide and an important tool for farming and daily life of Chinese people. It's said that in ancient times there was a young man named Wan Nian. He thought that there were natural rules for the change of seasons and climate, and wanted to find out the special rules of nature. When he climbed the mountain, he was inspired by the shadows（影子）of trees on the mountain, and made a sundial（日晷）that measures the shadow of the sun to fix the time. As time went on, he found that every more than three hundred and sixty days, the length of the day would repeat itself. When Wan Nian knew that the emperor of the Shang Dynasty, Zu Yi was worried because of the uncertainty of the time, he nominated（推荐）himself to create a calendar for the country and help all the people. ★ After the long-term study, Wan Nian worked out an exact calendar called "Tai Yang Li". When he presented it to the emperor, Wan Nian was an old man with white hair. The emperor was very moved. To praise the achievements of Wan Nian, he named the solar calendar as Wan Nian Li. In memory of （为了纪念）Wan Nian, people called the first day of a year as "Nian", so the Chinese New Year was born. 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 1. What is Wan Nian Li? 2. What was Wan Nian’s purpose of making the sundial? 3. Who asked Wan Nian to create a calender? 4. What is Wan Nian Li named after? 5. What do you think of Wan Nian? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$