Unit 6 I'm going to study computer science重难点 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语上册

Unit6 I'm going to study computer science -----------------------------------------夯实基础--------------------------------- 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【模块一】重点短语 1. grow up 长大；成熟 2. an engineer 一个工程师 3. take some medicine 吃药 4. keep on writing stories 坚持写故事 5. be sure about 确信；对……有把握 6. make sure 确保；查明　 7. take acting/singing lessons上表演课/唱歌课 8. study education/medicine 学习教育学/医学 9. go to a cooking school 上烹饪学校 10. go to university/college 去上大学 11. send articles to magazines and newspapers 把文章寄给杂志社与报社 12. make New Year's resolutions 立下新年决心 13. make the soccer team 入选足球队 14. learn another foreign language 学习另外一门外语 15. be able to 会；能够 16. make/keep promises 许下/遵守承诺 17. promise sb.＝make a promise to sb.对某人许下承诺 18. get back from school 放学回来 19. at the beginning of the year 在年初 20. improve our lives 改善我们的生活 21. write down 写下 22. plans for the coming year 来年的计划 23. start an exercise program 开始一个锻炼计划 24. take up a hobby 开始(从事)一个爱好 25. have to do with better planning 与更好的规划有关 26. for this reason 因为这个原因 27. question the idea of 质疑……主意 28. be about improving my physical health 与改善我的身体健康状况有关 29. improve my relationships with my family and friends 改善我和我家人、朋友之间的关系 【模块二】单词精讲 1.grow 的用法如下： grow up 意为＂长大；成熟；成长＂ 是动词短语，相当于不及物动词，其后不跟宾语 例：He is growing stronger and stronger. 他长得越来越壮。 【知识拓展】up的相关短语： get up 起床 pick up 采摘 put up 张贴，搭建 give up放弃 set up 建立 take up 开始从事 【例题】1．-What should we do for the disabled children？ -You should________a study group to help them．（　　） A． take up B． set up C． look up D． put up 2．—I find ________ difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it. —English is very important in our daily life. Never ________. A．it is; give it up B．it; give up it C．it is; give up it D．it; give it up 3.-Could you please help me________ the picture on the wall? -OK,no problem. A. put up B. put on C. put off D. put out 2. medicine n. 药；医学 medicine为不可数名词。吃药的＂吃＂可用take。 I want some medicine for cold. 我想要一些治疗感冒的药。 【知识拓展】 medicine n. 药 → medical adj. 医学的 → medically adv. 医学地 固定搭配：take one’s (some/the) medicine吃药 【辨析】 medicine / pill(药丸) Medicine,为不可数名词。例：Please remind her to take the medicine on time. Pill，为可数名词。例：I had three pills for lunch. 【例题】一 Did the medicine make you feel better?-No . The more________,________I feel . A. medicine l take; the worse B .I take medicine; the worse C .medicine I take; and the worse D .I take medicine; worse 3. send v. 邮寄；发送 send sb sth/send sth to sb 把某物寄送给某人 I’ll send you a book. =I’ll send a book to you. She sent me to pick up her son last week. 她上周派我去接她儿子。 【例题】—I’m sorry I can’t find the library book. —I’m afraid you have to______ it. A.send for B. call for C. pay for D. wait for 4. promise n. 承诺；诺言　 v. 许诺； 承诺；保证 常用短语make a promise/promises 允诺 keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言，信守承诺 break a /one’s promise违背诺言 promise to do sth答应做某事 例：If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果你许诺了，你就要遵守你的诺言。 【例题】1. As an honest（诚实的）girl，as long as she______the promise, she_______it. A. makes, will keep B. will make, will keep C. will make, keeps D. makes, keeps 2. —Why do you look so happy today? —Because my parents promise me_______to the Disney next week. A. of going B. to go C. going D. go 5.own “自己的”本人的。 Own 还可以用作代词，用在所有格之后，强调某事物为个人所有。 短语：of one’s own “自己的”，一般作定语； “on one’s own”独自地，一般作状语 例：These students had opinions of their own. Own 还可用作动词，意为“拥有”’。Owner名词，意为“所有人” 例：Who owns this house? 【例题】 1.He has a house __________，and the house was built __________last year，so he is the_________ of the house. 6.be sure about/of 确信,对……有把握 后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断，主语必须是人。 I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。 【知识拓展】 （1）be sure to do sth.=make sure to do sth 务必/确保去做某事 （2）be sure＋that 从句，表示＂肯定；确信＂，许多时候可与＂be sure to do sth.＂替换。 I’m sure that I can run much faster.＝I’m sure to run much faster.我肯定能跑得快多了。 （3）make sure 确保，查明 常用于祈使句中，后面常接that（可省略）引导的宾语从句（从句不使用将来时）或of＋名词（词组）/代词，意为＂确保＂。 Make sure (that) you lock the door when you leave. 当你离开时确保锁上门。 They scored another goal and made sure of the victory. 他们又进了一个球，这就赢定了。 （4）make sure of sth 查明某事，弄清某事 【例题】1.Please check your paper to _________ there are no mistakes. A. think of　　 B. try out C. find out D. make sure 2.---I think he lives _____ No.386 West St. ---Are you sure _____ that? You‟d better make sure. A. at, / B. in, of C. in, about D. at, of 7. at the beginning of “在……开始” beginning在此作名词，意为“开头，开端”。 At the beginning of this term, I found it hard to learn math. 【知识拓展】 （1）at the beginning“起初”。 I disliked this dog at the beginning. 起初我不喜欢狗。 （2）from beginning to end“从头到尾”。 I have read this book from beginning to end. 我从头到尾读了这本书。 【例题】1._________the year, he began to work hard. A. At the beginning of B. At the beginning C. At the began D. At the begins 8.take up指＂学着做；开始做；从事＂。 例；He took up football when he was 6 years old. 他六岁时就开始学踢足球了。 【知识拓展】　 take up还有＂占用时间或空间＂之意。 That big table takes up too much room. 那张大桌子占的地方太大了。 ①Take off 起飞；脱下 ②take on 呈现，承担 ③take care小心，当心 【例题】1.When Cai Xukun started to _____，his begins have bad news. A. take up B. take off C. take on D. take in 2.-Jeff，playing computer games _________ your most spare time． -Sorry，I won't do them again． A. take up B. take off C. take on D. take in 9. take lessons上……课＂ take ... lessons相当于have... lessons。 例：I’m taking French lessons. 我在上法语课。 give sb. a lesson表示＂给某人一个教训＂。 . 10. be able to表示＂能够＂ 相当于 can，常用来表示 can不能表达的将来时或完成时的情况，可用于各种时态。 He will be able to finish reading the book next week. 他下周将能读完这本书。 【易混辨析】 can / be able to (1) can＂能＂，表示过去或现在＂能力所及＂时，与be able to 通用。 He can / is able to speak German. 他会说德语。 I could / was able to run very fast when I was a boy. 我小时候就跑得很快。 (2) be able to的过去式表示一种＂经过努力做到了＂的意思。而can的过去式则没这种意义。 He started late, but he was able to catch the train. 他出发晚了，但他还是赶上了火车。 (3) can通常只用于过去或现在两种时态，而be able to 则可用于各种时态。 He has not been able to come since he got hurt. 自从受伤以后，他就一直未能前来。 (4)在表示猜测时，只能用can，而不能用be able to。 That can’t be your bag. 那不可能是你的书包。 【例题】 1. Finish your homework ,then you’ll_______surf the Internet （上网） for half an hour. A.Can B. need C.be able to D.may 2.I'm afraid of heights（恐高）,so I _________climb that mountain. A.can't B.am not able C.could D.may 11. discuss v. 讨论; 商量 名词是discussion discuss with sb. 与某人讨论: Let’s discuss this problem. 让我们讨论一下这个问题。 All we need now is action, not discussion. 我们现在需要的是行动，不是讨论。 【例题】1.Our teacher often asks us____________ questions in groups. A.discuss B.to discuss C.discussing D.discussed 12. have to do with have to do with 意为“关于；与……有关系”。如： The book has to do with computers. 那本书与计算机有关。 have nothing to do with与……无关；通常在 have 之后接 something、anything、nothing、a great deal 等来表示关系的程度。 My brother 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the fight.我弟弟和打架没关系。 【模块三】句式精讲 1. How are you going to do that？你打算如何做到？ be going to表示将要发生的动作，含有＂计划， 打算＂的意思， 后跟动词原形，其中be动词要与主语的人称和数一致，常跟表将来的时间连用。 He’s going to visit Australia next week. 他打算下周去参观澳大利亚。 【知识拓展】 come、go、leave、arrive、fly等表示位置转移的动词，常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。 例：Miss Yang is coming tonight. 【例题】I_________the shops. Can I get you anything? A. go to　 B. went to C. have gone to D. am going to 2. Well, I’m going to keep on writing stories, of course. 哦，当然我会继续写故事。 keep on doing sth表示经过一段时间的间隙后＂继续做同一件事＂，后可接表动态的词， They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining. 虽然天正在下雨，他们还是继续在田里干活。 【知识拓展】 （1）keep sb（sth） doing sth让某人（物） 不断做某事 The boss kept the workers working all day. 老板让工人们整天不断地工作。 （2）keep sb/sth from doing sth表示 ＂阻止某人/物做某事＂。 Be careful! Keep the glass from dropping onto the floor. 当心！防止玻璃杯掉到地板上。 【例题】1．He kept on _______ the mountains all by _______ for three days． A． to climb； myself B． to climb； himself C． climbing； myself D． climbing； himself 3. I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练习(打)篮球。 （1） practice 及物动词，意为“练习”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 例如:  Your elder sister ls practicing the guitar in the room. 你姐姐正在屋子里练习吉他。 You need to practice speaking English every day. 你需要每天练习说英语。 ※ 常跟动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词(短语)有: 考虑建议盼原谅 (consider, suggest/advise, look forward to,excuse/pardon) 承认推迟没得想 (admit, delay/put off, fancy) 免错过继续练 (avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice) 否认完成能欣赏 (deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate) 不禁介意与逃走 (can’t help, mind, escape) 不准冒险凭想象 (forbid, risk, imagine) 【模块四】语法精讲 be going to的用法 ＂be going to+动词原形＂用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算，就要”。 be的形式应随主语的人称和单复数而变化。 （一）be going to结构的用法 1. 表示说话人打算、准备、计划、安排要做的事 Peter is going to be a policeman when he grows up. 彼得长大了打算当警察。 2. 用来表示根据主观判断肯定将会发生的事。 Look at the heavy clouds! It’s going to rain. 3. be going to结构也可用来表示即将发生的事。  The plane is going to take off in ten minutes. 飞机将在十分钟后起飞。 （二）be going to结构的各种句式 1. 肯定句：主语 ＋ be going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他. 如： I am going to play computer games next Sunday.下周日我打算玩电脑游戏。 2. 否定句：主语 ＋ be ＋ not ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他. 如： He isn’t going to see a film with us tonight.今晚他不打算和我们一起去看电影。 3. 一般疑问句：Be ＋ 主语 ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 ＋be. 否定回答：No, 主语 ＋ be ＋ not.如： —Are you going to watch talk shows after dinner? 晚饭后你们打算看访谈节目吗？ —Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t. 是的，我们打算看。/ 不，我们不打算看。 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 ＋ be ＋ 主语 ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他？如： How are you going to learn English? 你打算怎样学习英语？ （三）. 一般将来时的标志词 be going to 表达的是未发生的动作，因此常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。例如：tomorrow，this evening，next month，in three weeks等。有时也可与when，before，after，until 等引导的时间状语从句连用。 【巧学妙记】 ＂be going to＂的用法口诀 be going to，表打算、准备、计划将要干。 表可能，有必然，通过现象来推断。 使用它，要注意，疑问形式be提前。 否定句，更简单，not放在be后边。 to之后，动原形，be的形式看人称。 【例题】—What is your plan for next weekend, Lingling? —I ______ volunteer work in the museum. A．was doing B．did C．have done D．am going to do 注意：There be going to be...结构中，靠近there的be随主语变化，而后面的be是动词原形，不变化。 There is going to be an English film this evening. 今晚将有一场英文电影。 注意：以下情况多用will 而不用be going to。 1. 侧重于说话人相信或希望要发生的事，可指遥远的将来。 I believe he will become a famous actor. 我相信他会成为一名著名的演员。 2. 陈述自然规律，表示单纯的将来事实。 This year she is 17 and next year she’ll be 18. 今年她17岁，明年就18岁了。 3. 带有主观意愿的色彩。 If you like, I will do it for you. 如果你喜欢我会为你做那件事的。 4. 征询对方意见，或表示客气、邀请或命令。 Will he smoke here? 他可以在这儿吸烟吗？ 5. 在条件和时间状语从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句中就用一般将来时。 I will chat with you as soon as I am on the Internet. 我一上网就和你聊天。 【例题】1.---We will go for a picnic if it _____ this Sunday. ----Sounds great. A.won’t rain B.is sunny C.will be sunny 2.----Could you tell me_______________ for the fruit? ----By paying over the Internet(通过网络支付). A. how much will I pay B. how much I will pay C. how will I pay D. how I will pay 3.---I don ' t know if Sam_____ tomorrow. ---Don't worry. I will tell you as soon as he _____. A. will come; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; will come D. comes; comes $$