假期作业(5)-【玩转假期】2024年高二英语寒假作业

第一部分快乐假期轻松学 As well as the studies on primates by 1. According to their research.Hill and Setchell,another study shows the effect of Barton conclude that red among birds.In an experiment, A.the colour of clothing has an effect on scientists put red plastic rings on the legs most sport events of male zebra finches and this increased the B.red should be the choice of colour for birds'success with female zebra finches. clothing in sports Zebra finches already have bright red beaks C.red plays a role when competitors are (鸟喙)，so this study suggests that,as with equally capable Olympic athletes,an extra flash of red is D.athletes perform better when surrounded significant.In fact,researchers from the by bright red University of Glasgow say that the birds' 2.The underlined word“tip”in Paragraph brightly coloured beaks are an indicator of 2 is closest in meaning to health.Jonathan Blount,a biologist,and his A.achieve B.seek colleagues think they have found proof that C.keep D.change bright red or orange beaks attract females 3.The example of the blue footed booby because they mean that the males are proves that healthier.Nothing in nature is simple, A.male birds use different body parts to however,because in species such as the draw attention blue footed booby,a completely different B.red is not the only colour to attract colour seems to give the male birds the female birds same advantage with females. C.blue gives female birds the same Meanwhile,what about those athletes advantage who win in their events while wearing red? D.blue can indicate how healthy a bird is Do their clothes give them an unintentional 4.What is the best title for the passage? advantage?Robert Barton accepts that "that is A.What Colour Implies More Power? the implication"of their findings.Is it time for B.A Tip on Clothing. sports authorities to consider new regulations C.Need to Change the Rules in Sports? on sports clothing? D.Red Is for Winners. 假期作业（五） 典题训练提考能 Every one complains.Even if you When you find yourself thinking or argue that you are the happiest person in saying a negative comment about something the world,you still complain sometimes. or someone,stop and force yourself to say Sometimes you complain without even something positive instead.Seek the help of a realizing it,but rarely is it ever helpful. cheerful friend to change you when you 1 Here are some tips to stop complaining complain and help you to see the positive in the situation. and give up the negative thoughts: Make a list of things you are grateful for. 3 玩转假期·高二英语 You often complain about the things 自主探究培素养 you don't have without noticing those 阅读理解一阅读七选五 things you already have.Be grateful for 考题解读 what you have in your life because you are 《考试说明》中对该命题题目的表述为 lucky simply for being yourselves.3 “主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构 Learn to adapt to the changes. 以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。这 There are many things you can't change. 题型对考生的阅读能力提出了更高层次 4 Always find the positive side of each 的要求，要求既要理解文章的字面意义、具 situation,regardless of however difficult 体信息、主旨要义，又要能够把握全篇文脉 the situation is.With parents'and friends' 和作者的谋篇布局，只有这样才能准确地 support,you can survive any life changes. 选择正确选项。 Allow yourself to vent(发泄)your 命题方式 feelings every once in a while 1.选材特点：短文一般为300词左右的说 Constantly ignoring negative thoughts 明文或议论文，其中正文词数240词左 could add up.If you are really going 右，选项词数60词左右； through a rough time,don't be afraid to 2.篇章结构常为：提出问题一解决问题： share your feelings with a close friend or 3.七个选项意义上都与短文相关，设空类 family member or see a therapist. 型一般有标题类、段落主题句类、过渡句 Find what makes you happy. 类、细节类： 5 Maybe it is time to make the 4.选项均为完整句子，句型不一； hard decision to move on to another job or 5.顺序通常按长度排列。 career.Uncover what your biggest 解题技巧 1.略读文章抓大意。 complaints are about and see if you can 即以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大 change the situation to make you happy. 小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、 Choose happiness,focus on the 段关系的连接性词语（特别是however, positive,and be kind always! but等后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文 A.The best and only thing you can do is to 章的基本结构和内容大意。事实上， accept it 般只需花5~10秒阅读大小标题和第一 B.Sometimes this list can be easy,full of 段首尾句即可。 hobbies you enjoy 2.重点阅读上下句。 C.Change the way you think. 因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义 D.Set down things you are thankful for 衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句或 and you'll see that you don't have any 只看下句，就可基本确定答案。 reason to complain 3.看看结构变轻松。 E.Make positive people friends 在解题过程中，除了将有把握的选项画 F.Are you constantly complaining about 掉缩小范围外，通过观察语言结构也可 your present job? 将选择范围大大缩小，心情变得更加轻 G.So how can you manage to force yourselves 松，一般可将7个选项范围缩小到2一4 to end complaining? 个选项，做对的概率大大提高。 第一部分快乐假期轻松学 4.词语复现显“神功”。 2 作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题 Ashtanga is different from other forms 时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同 of yoga.It is a very powerful form of 义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出 aerobic(有氧的)exercise which creates 现，这种现象叫词语复现。同一个词的 deep heat in the body.3 In other forms 重复出现叫原词复现：以同义词的形式 of yoga,however,the routine can change 重复出现，叫同义复现；以近义词或近义 each time and the stretching exercises 表达（意思相近，表达方式不同）的形式 aren't aerobic. 重复出现，叫近义复现；以词义相同而词 4 As well as making you stronger 性不同的同根词的形式重复出现，叫同 and more flexible,it can also help you to 根复现。还有上义词与下义词的复现 stay calm.By focusing on your breathing (adult是teacher,parent的上义词，而 while doing physical exercise,you are able teacher,parent就是adult的下义词)。 to get a balance between mind and body.In 词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段， addition,yoga helps to make us healthier so 而七选五正是考查语篇衔接，因此，利用 we are less likely to get common illnesses 词语复现解题十分管用。但这并不意味 like colds. 着凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就一 定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大， Furthermore,yoga encourages you to 在解题过程中须重点考虑或优选考虑而 think about what you're doing.Often you 已。是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词 will close your eyes while doing certain 的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是 movements. 5 After a few lessons 否真的衔接，只有衔接紧密才是正确 you'll stop looking at what the others 选项。 around you are doing.You will stop 阅读实践拓祝野 comparing yourself and start focusing on yourself. Try This at Home! A.It can also be done anywhere at any time. Are you looking for a new pastime B.The result of their cooperation was that will create a balance between physical activity and relaxation?Then yoga may be ashtanga yoga. the perfect choice for you.Yoga can be C.Whatever kind of yoga you choose,there practiced by people of all ages and levels of are many long-term benefits. fitness. 1 It's a great way to D.This allows you to concentrate better strengthen your muscles and become more and it makes you less competitive. flexible. E.Every time someone practices ashtanga,he In the 1930s,Indian Sri Tirumali and or she does exactly the same movements. K.Pattabhi developed one of the most F.If you're interested in yoga,but can find popular forms of yoga practised worldwide a class near you,then it might be an today.They worked together using an excuse to travel. ancient Sansknt text called Yoga Korunta G.Recently,it has become extremely common to create a set routine of yoga movements for beginners as well as advanced yoga and breathing exercises. students to go on yoga holidays. 15玩转假期·高二英语 老的看法。作者认为染发浪费金钱和时间，追求自然、重 当两名选手在体能和技术上相当时，穿红色衣服的运动 视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。 员更有可能获胜)”可知，当竞争对手有同样能力时，红 1.D细节理解题。根据第二段，尤其是该段中的“1twas 色起作用。故选C项。 expensive and time-consuming..”可知，作者认为柒发花 2.D词义猜测题。根据刻线词前面内容“when there is 费很多金钱且费时 only a small difference between them(当它们之间只有很 2.C推理判断题。根据第四段，尤其是最后一句“1jus1 小的差别时)”和划线词后面句子“The anthropologists wish more of us would feel that it is OK to be ourselves, say that the number of times red wins is not simply by because going gray has done more for me than saving me chance,but that these results are statistically significant. time and money.”和第六段中的“I should spend it doing (人类学家说，红队获胜的次数并不仅仅是偶然的，而且 what matters'”以及第七段的最后一句可推知，根据作者的 这些结果在统计学上是显著的。)”可知，正是因为穿的 观点，当我们变老时我们应该接受它并采取积极的行动。 是红色衣服，所以实力上的平衡被“改变”了。由此可 3.B写作意图题。本文作者首先叙述自己虽然头发变白 知，划线词的意思是“改变”。故逃D项。 但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，然后表达自 3.B细节理解题。根据第三段句子“Nothing in nature is 己对变老的看法一染发浪贾金线和时间，追求自然、 simple,however.because in species such as the blue 重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。由此可推 footed booby,a completely different colour seems to give 知，作者写本文的目的是分享她对变老的看法。 the male birds the same advantage with females,(然而， 4.D标题归纳题。根据全文的内容，尤其是最后一段第 自然界中没有什么是简单的，因为在蓝脚鲣鸟这样的物 一句“I see my gray hair as a little act of rebellion against 种中，完全不同的颜色似乎赋予了雄鸟与雌鸟相同的优 the idea that people lose value as they age,instead of 势。)”可知，蓝脚鲣鸟的例子证明了，红色不是吸引障鸟 gaining it.”可知，D项“重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧“ 的唯一颜色。故选B项。 最造合作文章标题。 4.D主旨大意题。根据第一段句子“British anthropologists 假期作业（四） Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of 【典题训练·提考能】 Durham,after studying the results of one-on-one boxing. [语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名 tae kwon do.Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle 为“水龙卷”的自然现象，会将任何长度小于一米的任何物 wrestling matches at the Olympic Games,conclude that 质带到很远的地方 一有时会超过150公里。介绍了其形 when two competitors are equally matched in fitness and 成的原因以及和其有关的天上降下鱼虾等历史事件。 skill,the athlete wearing red is more likely to win. 达勒姆大学的人类学家罗素·希尔和罗伯特·巴頓在 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“On Saturday24 研究了奥运会一对一拳击、路拳道、希腊罗马式掉跤和 August 1918,it was raining cats and dogs and thundering 自由式摔跤比赛的结果后得出结论，当两名选手在体能 over a city called Sunderland on the northeast coast of 和技术上相当时，穿红色衣服的运动员更有可能获 England.(1918年8月24日星期六，雨下得很大，在英 格兰东北海岸一个叫桑德兰的城市上空轰鸣)”可知， 胜。)”可知，文章主要讨论了在比塞场上当两名选手在 体能和技术上相当时，穿红色衣服的运动员更有可能获 1918年8月24日的雨下得很大。rain cats and dogs表 胜这个研究成果。“红色是胜利者”可以作为本篇的最佳 示“倾盆大雨”，故选A。 标题。故选D项。 2.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sand eels swim 假期作业（五） together in large groups,often in sandy water,and are 【典题训练·提考能】 often found in large numbers in the North Sea,which [语篇解读]本文为说明文，文章主要介绍了如何停止抱 reaches out to the east of Sunderland.(沙鳗经常成群结 怨，放弃消极情绪的一些措施。 队地在沙质水城中游动，经常大量出现在一直延伸到桑 1.G空格上文讲述抱怒是没用的，无益的，下文讲述下面 德兰东部的北海)”可知，降落在桑德兰的沙鳗可能来自 就是一些停止抱怨，放弃消极思想的一些建议，因此推 北海。故选D。 断空格处选G项“如何成功地让自己停止抱怨呢？”符合 3.B词义猜测题，根据画线词上文“Scientists believed 语境，起承上启下的作用。故选G the heavy thunderstorm that afternoon may have caused a 2.C空格处是段落标題。本段讲述停止思考和说一些消 waterspout.Waterspouts can be formed when strong 极的东西，强迫自己说一些积极的东西，找一个快乐的 winds move quickly in a circle over water.They are so 朋友帮助你看到事情积极的一面。因此推断本段建议 powerful;anything less than one meter in length can be 转变自己的思雏方式，不要想消极的事情，要想一些积 taken into(科学家认为那天下午的大需雨可能造成了水 极的东西。故选C。 龙卷。当强风在水面上快速旋转时，就会形成水龙卷。 3.D根据段落标题可知，本段建议把感恩的事情列个清 水龙卷非常强大，任何长度小于一米的东西都可以装进 单，感激我们所拥有的，因此推断空格处选D项“写下我 云层里)”，这里一直在描写水龙卷的形成，故them指代 们感激的事情，我们将会明白我们没有什么可抱怨的” “水龙卷”。故选B。 符合语境。故选D 4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With climate 4.A根据段落标题和空格上文可知，我们要学会适应变 change,global warming and many reports of terrible 化，总有许多事情我们不能玫变，因此推断，既然我们不能 natural disasters,will the time ever come when it may 改变，最好的也是唯一我们能做的就是接受它们。故选A。 really begin to rain cats and dogs？(随着气候变化、全球 5.F根据空格下文可知，到了你做出根难的决定换一份 变暖和许多可怕的自然灾害的报道，真有一天会下起倾 工作的时候了，因此推断空格处选D项“你总是不断抱 盆大雨吗？)”可推知，最后，作者最关心的可能是我们的 怨你现在的工作吗？”符合语境。故选F 环境。故选B。 【阅读实践·拓视野】 【阅读实践·拓视野】 语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项适合在家里 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。主要讨论了两位人类学 做的有氧饿冻一啊斯汤加瑜伽。 家的研究成果，那就是在比赛场上当两名选手在体能和技 l.A根据空前"Yoga can be practiced by people of all 术上相当时，穿红色衣服的运动员更有可能获胜。 ages and levels of fitness,(瑜伽可以供所有年龄段以及 l.C细节理解题。由第一段内容“conclude that when 不同健康程度的人练习，)”A项中的s0一词承上进一 two competitors are equally matched in fitness and skill. 步说明了“瑜伽也可以供人们在任何时间、任何地点来 the athlete wearing red is more likely to win.(得出结论， 做”。故选A。 ·38· 参考答案 2.B根据'空前“They worked together using an ancient 7.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我加倍努力，第一次 Sansknt text called Yoga Korunta to create a set routine 懂得了“彻底”这个词的含义。A,memorized记忆： of yoga movements and breathing exercises."可知两位 B.considered考虑；C.accepted接受；D.learned学习，得 创始人合作共创了一套瑜伽动作和呼吸练习法。空后 知。这一次，我显然是拼命学习，那么是真的第一次了 一段接着介绍了ashtanga。B项中的cooperation和 解到哈叫“彻底”了。故选D。 ashtanga yoga与上下文信息呼应，起到了总结上文、开 8.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我的努力没有奏效，一 启下段的作用。故选B。 切都像以前一样。A.stayed停留，保持：B.went进行： 3.E根据空后“in other forms of yoga,however,the C.worked工作：D.changed改变。根据“my efforts were routine can change each time and the stretching exercises 0good”可知我的努力结果不好，跟以前一样，没有改 aren't aerobic.”中的however表明前后为转折关系，该 变。everything goes well,一切都很顺利，这里是一切都 句中的the routine can change each time与E项中的 像从前一样，用g0就很合理了，故选B。 Every time,,,does exactly the same movements正好形 9.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我得多少分，都不能 成对比。故选E。 取消三个C十。A.grade分数：B.answer答案：C.lesson 4.C本段主要介绍了做瑜伽锻炼能够给人带来的益处。 课程：D.comment评论。根据后文“three C-pluses”可知 "C.Whatever kind of yoga you choose,there are many 此处指的是分数。故选A。 long-term benefits..（无论你选择哪种瑜伽，都会有长期 10.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还是跟奖学金说再见 的益处)”，符合语境，故选C 吧。A.scholarship奖学金：B.course课程；C.degree学 5.D根据上下文可知，本段重点介绍了瑜伽具有使人注 位：D.subject科目。根据文章第一段“to earn a 意力集中、减轻竞争压力的作用。D项“这能让你更好地 scholarship”和最后一段“I received my scholarship”可 集中注意力，降低你的竟争力。”既符合上下文语境，又 知，这里是我以为自己拿不到奖学金了。故选A。 起到了承上启下的作用。故选D。 11.C考查动词和国定搭配，句意：在期末考试的前一天 假期作业（六）】 晚上，我甚至请自己去看了电影。A.helped帮助：B. 【典题训练·提考能】 favored赞同：C.treated对待：D.relaxed放松。treat sb [语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过叙述自 0十饭/娱乐活动，是固定搭配，意为“请某人吃饭/娱乐 己在Jayne教授所散科目下，努力争取A级并获得奖学金 等”。I even treated myself to a movie表示考前很放松， 的故事告诉我们：不管做什么事，自身的努力不可或缺，任 自己掏钱去看电影。故选C。 何人都有泄气的时候，但只有通过不断努力，给自己设定 12.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我决定开心地 目标，才能不断进步 考一次试。A.fun乐趣：B.uck运气；C.problems问题： 1.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个优等生，我相信 D.tricks阴谋，花招。根据前文考前请自己看电影，可知 我可以选修一些国难的科目，并真正学到一些东西。A 这里指“乐趣”。发现这时我是很放松的，甚至考试的时 take学习，读，修（课程）；B.discuss讨论：C.cover覆盖， 候，决定把考试当作一种fun乐趣，而与luk运气 涉及：D.get得到。由下文的subjects可推断，此处表示 problems问题，trick把戏或技巧，没有关系。故选A。 选修一些课程，学习一门课程，修一门课程，习惯上都用 13.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好像在等我。A tke。故选A。 happened发生；B.proved证明：C.pretended假装：D. 2.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常喜欢他在课堂上 seemed好像，似乎。happen to碰巧：意外，prove to证 提出的一些观点。A,8 ought寻求：B.presented提出：C. 明，pretend to假装，seem to好像，似乎，根据语境可知， exchanged交换，D.obtained获得。根据空格后的“in 一周后，惊喜地发现自己居然得了A,跑去找老师，发现 class和the ideas'”可推断，此处指的是老师在课堂上所 老师好像早料到我会来，所以在等。故选D。 提出的观点思想，是我非常喜欢的，因此作者选修了这 14.C考查动词词义辩析。句意：“如果我给了你所期 门课程，用present ideas。故选B. 的A,你就不会继续努力学习了。”A.valued珍蜡：B. 3.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我参加第一次考试 imagined想象；C.expected期待：D.welcomed欢迎，根 时，我震惊地发现我的试卷上只有77分，一个C十。A 据下文“you wouldn't continue to work hard'"并结合上文 shocked震惊的：B.worried担心的：C.scared害怕的：D. 内容可知，老师说，如果我原来给了你所期望的成绩A, anxious焦急的。第一段讲我对自己信心满满，可第二段 那么你就不会这么努力付出了。所以是expect期待，期 来个大转折，第一次考武后，意外地发现竟然只得了77 望，其他的都不通。故选C。 分，所以是shocked非常吃惊，而worried担心，scared害 15.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：我盯着他，意识到他的 怕，anxious焦急，都不符合人物心理感受。故选A。 分析和策略是正确的。A,remembering记住；B. 4.D考查形容词词义辩析。句意：我去找杰思教授，他听 guessing猜测；C.supposing猜想：D.realizing意识到：理 了我的论点，但结果没有改变。A.unchanged不改变的： 解：领会。下文“his analysis and strategy(策略)were B.unpleasant不开心的：C.unfriendly不友好的：D. correct..”是我领会的，意识到的东西。此处表示我看着 unmoved不为所动。根据“but remained”可知，老师没有 他，这时才真正明白了他的用心。故选D 改变给我的分数。故选D 【阅读实践·拓视野】 5.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我又一次和杰思教授理 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。随着社交媒体的发展，全 论。A.quarreled争吵：B.reasoned争辩，推理；C. 球的年轻人能够接触到环境问题日益严重的惊人信息，并 bargained讨价还价；D.chatted闲谈。我再次遭遇77 且能够成为保护环境的主力军。 分，于是再次去找老师理论，reason with sb.与某人讲道 1.B 考查名词辨析。根据后文“about how we're 理，说服某人。故选B。 currently failing to look after the Earth,(关于我们目前 6,B考查名词词义辨析。句意：他又一次耐心地听着，但 是如何未能照顾好地球)”可知，此处是指接触到这些信 就是不愿改变主意。A.attitude态度；B.mind主意；C. 息。A.comment评论：B.information信息：C. plan计划：D,view观点。这里，老师听完之后，再次无动 knowledge知识：D.feeling感觉。故选B。 于衷，他没有改变他的…，attitude速蒸性最大，注意， 2.A考查动词辨析。根据后文“Climate change is 这里探讨的还是分数能不能更改的事，而change one's happening around us:our oceans are 30 percent more mind是英语中一个比较常见的搭配，意为“玫变一个人 acidic(酸性的)and one and a half acres of forest are cut 的想法或决定”，相对于态度，玫分数的事更多是关于改 down every second..(气候变化正在我们身边发生；我们 变决定的。故选B。 的海洋的酸性要高出30%，每秒钟就有1.5英亩的森林 ·39·