假期作业(1)-【玩转假期】2024年高二英语寒假作业

第一部分快乐假期轻松学 第一部分 快乐假期轻松学 假期作业（一） 典题训练提考能 key factors to longevity:Only 1%of the Loma Linda,California,a city of Seventh-day Adventist community in the 21,000,is one of the five original blue study smoke.Little or no alcohol is consumed.Daily exercise out in the fresh zones,regions in the world where people air of nature is the norm.The church live longest and are the healthiest.In fact, advocates a life of service,so dedication to people in this community tend to live 8 to 10 volunteering is typical,which contributes years longer than the average American. to a sense of community. Experts say that's because Loma Add all of these factors together and Linda has one of the highest concentrations what do you get?A healthier body,less of Seventh-Day Adventists in the world. likely to succumb to diseases tied to The religion suggests a healthy lifestyle obesity,such as diabetes,high blood and a life of service to the church and pressure,cancer and heart disease. community,which contributes to their Few of us practice these healthy longevity(长寿). lifestyle habits,and much less of us do “I never had stress,”said Dr.. them all at once."The good news is that Ellsworth Wareham,a lifelong Seventh- it's never too late to start.Some evidence Day Adventist.He was 100 years old at the suggests that changing a few simple time."I have a philosophy:You do the best you lifestyle factors can have a profound can.And don't give any thought to the things difference in the risk of major diseases and you can't do anything about." the likelihood(可能性)of living a long Like 10%of the Adventist community, life.People can usually get impressive Wareham was a vegan(纯素食主义者). benefits even in a short length of time," Another 30%are lacto-ovo vegetarians Orlich said. who eat dairy and eggs,while another 8% 1.What is special about Loma Linda eat fish but not other meat. according to the text? Even our non-vegetarians are A.It is located in a special place. relatively low meat consumers,"said Dr. B.It has a rather small population. Michael Orlich,the principal investigator of C.Its locals usually enjoy a long life. a study dedicated to examining the link D.Its locals look different from the between healthy lifestyle factors and average American. diseases in 96,000 Seventh-day Adventists 2.What is the secret to Wareham's long life? in North America. A.He has a good relationship with his What does that vegetarian lifestyle neighbors. accomplish?A lower weight,for one.Other B.He never puts pressure on himself. 玩转假期·高二英语 C.He is a low meat consumer. (2)By the first sentence of the passage D.He is always hard-working. author means that 3.What does the underlined part "succumb (3)It seems that now a country's to"in Paragraph 7 probably mean? economy depends much on A.Suffer from. B.Respond to. (4)If you are interested in knowing C.Adapt to. D.Pass on. about what people's life will be,you may 4.What does Orlich mainly want to show visit in the last paragraph? (5)The policemen were told "to look the A.It is necessary to start healthy lifestyle other way"(the underlined part in habits early. Paragraph 2)so that B.It takes a long time to form healthy (6)The policeman who said "Good lifestyle habits. evening"to Rolls wanted to C.It is difficult to understand the benefits 5.就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。 of healthy habits. 解题技巧 D.Healthy lifestyle habits can bring benefits 做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现 in a short time. 的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速 自主探究培素养 阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息 阅读理解一 细节理解题 的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看 考题解读 原文，可以采取“带着问题找答案”的方法。 高考中细节理解题通常占阅读理解题 先从问题中抓住关键性词语，然后以此为 总数的一半以上。细节理解题要求考生对 线索，快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，恰当 阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理 地运用略读及查读的技巧在文章中寻找与 解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如 此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照 事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问 比较，确定答案。除了运用扫读法 的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答 (scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法，将“无此 案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有 细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。 关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、 了解细节题干扰选项的特点也有助于 是非判断、图形比较等。 考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干 命题方式 扰项有如下几个特点：(1)原文信息，但不 做细节理解题时，应该注意以下的命 是题目要求的内容；(2)符合常识，但不是 题方式： 文章内容：(3)与原文的内容极其相似，只 l.特殊疑问句形式。以when,where, 是在程度上有些变动：(4)在意思上与原文 what,which,who,how much/many 大相径庭甚至完全相反：(5)部分正确，部 疑问词开头引出的问题： 分错误。 2.以是非题的形式。true/false,not true/ 有的细节理解题不要求考生对客观的 false或EXCEPT,近年这种题型较少； 事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料 3.以According to..开头提问方式； 中直接获取信息，同时还要求考生记住重 4.以填空题的形式，如： 要细节，在必要的时候（作判断、推断或结 (1)To avoid attracting mountain lions, 论的时候)能够准确而迅速地将它们回忆 people are advised 起来。解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中 2 第一部分快乐假期轻松学 的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意答案 sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis( 与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不 合作用)，so there may be ways of growing 同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思，这 the same plants with less light 就需要对相关词语和句子进行转换。另一 Gauthier also points out that while 种细节理解题是要通过主要事实、图表、图 energy costs are a bit high,vertical farming 形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、 does create enormous efficiencies in other 空间等关系将零碎的细节进行一系列加 areas.Water usage may be significantly 工、整理，方能作出正确的判断。此类试题 reduced because the same water can be 在高考中占大多数。 recycled time and again.Fertilizer use can 值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可 be greatly reduced and pesticides for pest 能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要 control are unnecessary.It's clear that 我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有 vertical farming offers real value to 用的信息。 society. 阅读实践拓视野 The future is probably mixed.In some Erik Kobayashi-Solomon spent a day with environments-the Middle East,for Dr.Paul Gauthier,a plant physiologist instance-a move to vertical farming is a specializing in vertical(垂直的)farming no-brainer.An indoor farm in Saudi research and came away with several Arabia,for instance,can use solar energy to important ideas about vertical farming. power LEDs at low cost without shading Humans have 12,000 years of experience other farmland.In other environments, in growing food,but only a generation's though,the expense of establishing a worth of experience or so in growing crops facility places a high bar on growth and indoors.We are still progressing up the profitability.A large vertical farming and technology learning curve(曲线).What's equipment operation only started more,traditional farming techniques are generating a small profit eight years into its based on conditions that are not applicable nine-year life. to vertical farming.Therefore,without 1.What can we infer about vertical farming taking time to understand the science, in Paragraph 2? vertical farming is not likely to be able to A.It will replace traditional farming live up to its implied promise. one day. The cost of powering LED grow lights B.It relies on research of more basic is one of the biggest problems a vertical science. farm must overcome.Dr.Louis Albright at C.It can be applicable under different Cornell has characterized vertical farms as conditions. the“pie-in-the-sky”business.He famously D.It actually came into being 12,000 calculates,for instance,that the cost of a years ago. loaf of bread would be $24 if farmed 2.What does Dr.Louis Albright think of indoors-the cost is too high.Gauthier vertical farms? acknowledges that energy prices are high A.They use less light than traditional but points out that scientific work has ones. shown that only about 6%of available B.They may seem very unlikely to succeed. 3 玩转假期·高二英语 C.They can overcome many problems in 4.Why is the example of "an indoor farm farming. in Saudi Arabia"mentioned? D.They do not need any natural sunlight A.To show vertical farming can work any longer. 3.What is the fourth paragraph mainly well in some places. about? B.To prove solar energy is vital for A.The ways of reducing costs of vertical farming in Saudi Arabia. farming. C.To confirm the expense of setting up a B.The secrets of developing vertical vertical farm is high. farming. C.The recent trend of vertical farming. D.To argue that vegetables do not need D.The benefits of vertical farming. to be imported any longer. 假期作业（二） 典题训练提考能 Discipline would be not letting them go out Digital grounding is when parents or the next weekend because they failed to caregivers limit or completely take away follow rules. access to technology from children. We've all been there-we've caught According to a study conducted by Pew our child doing something wrong and in the Research,65%of parents have digitally heat of the moment laid out a strict grounded their teen by taking away their teen's punishment.We may have been feeling cellphone or internet access as punishment. hot-headed,embarrassed,or upset.Often, Because children are so connected with though,these punishments don't align with their technologies,digital grounding may the bad behavior. seem like a logical step for parents.Take While digital grounding may solve the away a child's most cherished item and problem temporarily,it won't provide they will quickly learn from their behavior. children with the guidance they need to act But the idea of digital grounding isn't as appropriately in the future.Instead of clear-cut as that.Instead,it may be a lose- grounding,show your child what they did lose situation for parents and kids,alike. wrong and give them the chance to act For most parents,the goal of differently.This way,they will learn from grounding isn't to make their children their mistakes in a practical manner and unhappy or sad.It is to teach a lesson in figure out ways to be safe and smart with the hope that they won't engage in technology. whatever behavior got them in trouble in There's no denying it:technology is here the first place.Unfortunately,though,digital for the long-haul.This is why some parenting grounding is often just punishment,not experts don't recommend digitally grounding discipline.If a child stays out past curfew your children.It doesn't focus on the end goal (约定的最晚回家时间)，a punishment of safe behavior.They recommend teaching would be hitting or yelling at them. them good habits as soon as possible,rather参考答案 参考答案 第一部分快乐假期轻松学 taking away their technology”可知，他们建议尽快教他们 好习惯，而不是拿走他们的电子产品。故C选项正确。 假期作业（一） 4.D推理判断题。由第二段“Instead,it may be a lose- 【典题训练·提考能】 lose situation for parents and kids,alike."第三段“For [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。科学研究表明，养成良 most parents,the goal of grounding isn't to make their 好的生活习惯，不仅能让我们更健康，还能延长我们的 children unhappy or sad..”第五段“while digital 寿命。 grounding may solve the problem temporarily it won't 1.C细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，生活在 provide children with the guidance they need to act Loma Linda的居民都是很长寿的。 appropriately in the future.."第六段“This is why some 2.B细节理解题。根据第三段可知，他长寿的秘诀是零 parenting experts don't recommend digitally grounding 压力生活。 your children”可知，“数码囚禁”并不是教养孩子的好方 3.A词义猜测题。根据语境可知，此处是指患有疾病。 法。故D选项正确 4.D细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Orlich主要想表 【阅读实践·拓视野】 达的是：开启健康的生活习惯从来不会太迟，因为它们 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了叙事电影行业的 会在短时间内带来意想不到的效果。 发展让文字变得相形见絀，作者认为文字是激发和增强我 【阅读实践·拓视野】 们想象力的重要工具，同时表达了对阅读的命运的担心， [语篇解读]文章主要介绍了垂直农业发展所面临的困 l.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The narrative film 难以及垂直农业的优点和未来。 industry is a moneymaker that dwarfs(使相形见轴)the l.B细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Therefore,.without publishing industry..”可知，叙事电影行业是一个令出版 taking time to understand the science,vertical farming is 行业和形见绌的赚钱行业，由此可知，叙事电影行业在 not likely to be able to live up to its implied promise." 经济利益方面使文字变得樾尬，故八项正确。 知，如果不花时间去了解科学，垂直农业就不可能实现 2.B细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Writing and reading 其潜在的前景。由此可知，垂直农业的发展依赖更多的 are the principal tools that inspire,create and empower 基础科学的研究。故选B。 our imagination.”可知，写作和阅读是激发、创造和增强 2.B细节理解题。据第三段第二句“Dr.Louis Albright at 我们想象力的主要工具，由此可知，作者重视文字的作 Cornell has characterized vertical farms as the 'pie-in- 用是因为它能提高我们的想象力，故B项正确。 the-sky'business.”及下文列举的他预测使用垂直农业 3.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I have always 生产会使一条面包过贵的问题可知，Dr.L,ouis Albright felt it necessary to adapt to advancing technology."可知， 认为垂直农业似乎不太可能成功。故选B。 作者觉得有必要适应先进的技术，由此可知，作者对技 3.D段落大意题。根据第四段第一句中的“vertical 术持积极的态度，故C项正确。 farming does create enormous efficiencies in other areas" 4.A节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“My hope is that 及本段最后一句“It's clear that vertical farming offers the written word will only stand to be complemented( real value to society..”可知，垂直农业确实在其他领战创 充)by its visual counterparts(对应物)，not pushed to the 造了提高功效的方法，为社会提供了真正的价值：该段 edge of extinction.”可知，作者希望书面文字会得到视觉 第二、三句列举了垂直农业具体在不同的领域创造了提 文字的补充，而不是被推到灭绝的边缘，由此可知，作者 高功效的方法。由此可知，本段主要讲的是垂直农业的 担心的是阅读的命运，故A项正确。 好处。故迭D。 假期作业（三） 4.A推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The future is 【典题训练·提考能】 probably mixed."和本段中的in some environments以及 [语篇解读]研究人员是在再现地中海区域复杂地质的 in other environments可知，本段主要讲了在不同的环境 进化时，意外地发现了一个隐藏的大陆，这块大陆被叫作 中垂直农业未来的情况不同：又根据本段第三句中的 Greater Adria。本文主要介绍了与Greater Adria有关的 “can use solar energy...shading other farmland”可知，列 一些情况。 举“an indoor farm in Saudi Arabia”的例子，是为了说明 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“They found it 在有些地方垂直农业可以运转良好。故选A。 while reconstructing the evolution of Mediterranean region's 假期作业（二） complex geology”可知，研究人员是在再现地中海区域战复 【典题训练·提考能】 杂地质的进化时，意外地发现了这个大陆的。故选A。 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。介绍了“数码因禁”并不 2.C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The researchers 是教养孩子的好方法。 found that Greater Adria started to become its own l.D细节理解题。由第三段“a child stays out past continent about240 million years ago.”可知，Greater curfew(约定的最晚回家时间)，a punishment would be Adia在大约2.4亿年前开始形成自己的大陆。故选C hitting or yelling at them.Discipline would be not letting 3.B推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“This isn't the first them go out the next weekend because they failed to time a lost continent has been found.”及本段提到的在 follow rule5.”可知，一个孩子超过约定的最晚回家时间，惩 2017年1月和9月新发现的遗失的大陆可推知，本段提 罚就是打他们或对他们大喊大叫。纪律不会让他们下周末 到这些发现，是为了展现一些其他遗失的大陆之前已经 出去，因为他们没有遵守规则。故D选项正确。 被发现。故选B。 2.D射节理解题。由第二段“Instead,it may be a lose- 4.D主大意题。本文是一篇关于研究发现的文章，主 lose situation for parents and kids,alike.”可知，相反，这 要介绍了一个新发现的埋在南欧下面的大陆 对父母和孩子来说可能是一种两败俱伤的局面。故D Greater Adria的相关情况。由此可知，D项符合题意。 选项正确 【阅读实践·拓视野】 3.C推理判断题。由倒数第二段“They recommend [语篇解读]作者首先叙述了自己虽然头发变白但不再 teaching them good habits as soon as possible,rather than 染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，接着表达了自己对变 ·37·