Unit2语法讲练结合讲义-2024-2025学年人教版英语七年级上册

Unit2 We’re Family! Grammar Focus 动词(Verbs) 动词表示动作或状态。动词的人称和数一般必须与主语的人称和数一致。动词是词 类中最复杂的一种，不同语法书的动词分类有所不同。七上英语简单介绍四种动词： 系动词(linking verb)、实义动词(full verb)、助动词(auxiliary verb)和情态动词(modal verb)。 【Let's think！】 请同学们朗读例句，思考划线部分动词是什么类型？观察他们的特点并尝试总结。 例句 动词类型及特点 1-1.I am in Class 3,Grade 7. 1-2.My favorite sport is ping-pong. 1-3.They are carrot plants. 系动词 系动词是连接主语和表语的动词,不能独立作谓语,必须与其后的表语一起构成谓语。 常见的系动词有 be(am、is、are)、look、get、turn 等。 2-1. I like music, and I play the guitar in the school band. 2-2.My father likes fishing a lot. 实义动词 实义动词意义完全，能独立作谓语。 3-1.Do you want to be my friend? 3-2.Does your father spend a lot of time fishing? 3-3. What do they each like? 助动词 助动词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能独立作谓语，它们只能和实义动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气,以及否定和疑问结构。 常见的助动词有be、do、have、will 等。 4-1.Can you say hi to the class? 4-2.I can not find my new glasses. 情态动词 情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语。 常见的情态动词有 can、may、could、must、have to、should、would 等，其后动词使用原形。 情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化，它的否定式一般是在其后加not构成，在一般疑问句中通常将其提到句首。 【Let's learn！】 一般现在时可以表示现在的状态，还可以表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作。 标志语： every + 时间名词； sometimes(有时)； often(常常)； usually(经常)； always(一直，总是)； on+星期几(Sunday, Monday…)； in the morning/afternoon/evening ... 实义动词的一般现在时；分为动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式 我来归纳：看例句并总结规律，注意观察划线动词和主语) 1、I play football every day . 2、You play football every day . 3、My friends play football every day . 4、He plays football every day . 5、Tom plays football every day . 6、My brother plays football every day . 总结规律： 当主语是（第三人称单数）时，实义动词使用其（第三人称单数形式）（简称三单形式）。其余情况均用（动词原形）。 主语是第三人称单数时作谓语的实义动词的变化形式 （1） 规则变化 规则 示例 一般情况下，在动词末尾直接加-s ; speak→speaks 以字母-s、-x、-ch、-sh结尾的动词，通常在末尾加-es 以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es （2）不规则变化 特殊变化如have→has、go→goes等。 【Let’s practice！】 写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式。 1.clean ___________　　　 2.spend _____________　　　 3.watch_____________ 4.finish _____________ 5.do ______________ 6.fly _______________ 7.cry _____________ 8.help ______________ 9.have____________ __ 1.cleans 2.spends 3. watches 4. finishes 5. does 6.flies 7.cries 8.helps 9.has 【Let's learn and practice！】 实义动词的一般现在时句式： 肯定句：主语（如 I/We/You/They）+实义动词（原形）+其他 主语（如 He/She/It）+实义动词的三单形式+其他 1. Peter _______ (go) swimming on Sundays. 2. My cousin _________ (enjoy) computer games. 3. My parents __________ (watch) TV in the evening. 4. Tom and Simon _______ (like) fish. 5. He _________ (swim) every day. 6. Tom ________ (play) football on weekends. 1. goes 2.enjoys 3, watch 4. like 5. swims 6. plays 否定句：主语（如 I/We/You/They）+ do + not (don’t) + 动词原形+其他 主语（如 He/She/It）+ does + not (doesn’t) + 动词原形+其他 1. Peter _____________ (not go) swimming on Sundays. 2. My cousin _____________ (not enjoy) computer games. 3. My parents _____________ (not watch) TV in the evening. 4. Tom and Simon _____________ (not like) fish. 5. He _____________ (not swim) every day. 6. Tom _____________ (not play) football on weekends. 1. doesn’t go 2. doesn’t enjoy 3. don’t watch 4. don’t like 5. doesn’t swim 6. doesn’t play 一般疑问句： Do +主语（如 I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？  Does +主语（如 he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语(代词主格）＋do／does. 否定回答：No，主语(代词主格）＋don’t／doesn’t. 1. ______ Peter_______ (go) swimming on Sundays? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 2. ______ your cousin _______ (enjoy) computer games? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 3. ______ your parents _______ (watch) TV in the evening? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 4. ______ Tom and Simon ________ (like) fish? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 5. ______ he ________ (swim) every day? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 6. ______ Tom _______ (play) football on weekends? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 1.Does, go ; he does ; he doesn’t 2.Does, enjoy; he does ; he doesn’t 3. Do, watch ; they do; they don’t 4.Do, like ; they do; they don’t 5. Does, swim; he does; he doesn’t 6. Does, play; he does; he doesn’t *特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do +主语（如 I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？  特殊疑问词+does +主语（如 he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？ 1.Peter goes swimming on Sundays.(划线部分提问) Peter swimming? 2.Peter goes swimming on Sundays.(划线部分提问) Peter on Sundays? 1. When does, go 2. What does, do 特殊情况：特殊疑问词（主语）+动词三单形式/动词原形+其他？ Peter goes swimming on Sundays.(划线部分提问) swimming on Sundays？ Who goes 【Let’s conclude！】 总结规律： ①一，二，三复借用do. ②三单须和does连，有does,实义动词回原形。 名词所有格 【Let's learn and practice！】 英语中，用来表示所属关系的语法形式叫名词所有格，它有“ ’s所有格”, “of所有格”和双重所有格三种形式。 1. ’s所有格 （1） 构成 方法 示例 一般情況下，在单数名词的词尾加“ ’s” Ann’s shoes 安的鞋子 以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“ ’ ” the students’ books 学生们的书 不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“ ’s” Children’s Day 儿童节 表示两人（或多人）共有某人或某物时，只把最后一个名词变为所有格； 表示各自所有时，每个名词都要变为所有格 father and mother’s room 父亲和母亲的房间（共同拥有） Linda’s and Lucy’s rooms 琳达的房间和露西的房间（各自拥有） （2）用法 ①表示人或其他有生命的物体的名词的所属关系，可用“’s所有格”。 •Is that Cindy’s skirt？那是辛迪的裙子吗？ ②表示时间、距离、价格时，可用“s所有格”。 • I have a good time on the two days’ trip. 我在这两天的旅行中玩得很开心。 ③表示住所、商店或办公场所等时，“’s所有格”后通常不出现它所修饰的名词。 • to Frank’s 去弗兰克家 at the doctor’s 在诊所里 2. of所有格 （1）构成：名词+of+名词 （2）用法：多用于表示无生命的事物的名词(所属关系) • a map of the world 一幅世界地图 注意：’s所有格有时可与“of所有格”互换。 • the woman's name = the name of the woman这位女士的名字 3. 双重所有格 （1）构成：名词+of+“’s所有格”/名词性物主代词 （2）用法：表示整体中的一部分 • a friend of Mike’s 迈克的一位朋友（表示迈克众多朋友中的一个） • a photo of mine 我的一张照片（表示我所有照片中的一张） 思考：名词所有格与物主代词之间有联系吗？它们可以互换使用吗？ 名词所有格和物主代词都是用来表示所属关系的语法结构，但在使用上存在一些区别。‌ 注：两者在不影响表达的情况下可以互换使用，物主代词有简化语言的作用。 1．—Whose handbags are these? —They are those managers’ (wife妻子). 2．—Is this your (parent) bedroom?—No, that one is theirs. 3．His (uncle) birthday is in January（一月）. 4．Some (student) things are in the Lost and Found box. 5．The pink blouse is one of the (lady女士) over there. 6．Yesterday I met a friend of my (father). 7．It’s not far from here. It’s only five (minute分钟) walk. 8．I’ve got a toothache, so I need to go to the (dentist牙科医生). 9．You won’t be able to find any (woman) clothes on the first floor. 10．All the (player) names and numbers are on the list（名单）. You can call them one by one. 1．wives’ 2．parents’ 3．uncle’s 4．students’ 5．ladies’ 6．father’s 7．minutes’ 8．dentist’s 9．women’s 10．players’ 【Let’s exercise！】 【基础过关】写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 1.drink ________ 2. go ________ 3. stay ________ 4.make ________ 5. look ________ 6. have ________ 7.pass ________ 8.carry ________ 9.come ________ 10.watch ________ 11. plant ________ 12.fly ________ 13.study_________ 14.brush ________ 15.do ________ 16.teach _________ 17.enjoy ________ 18.like ________ 1. drinks 2. goes 3. stays 4. makes 5. looks 6.has 7. passes 8. carries 9. comes 10. watches 11. plants 12. flies 13. studies 14. brushes 15. does 16. teaches 17.enjoys 18. likes 【素养提升】情境 1 Gina 邀请朋友们来家里庆祝并向他们介绍在场的人。 I.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.My_______( mother) name is Sofia.She cooks delicious food for us. 2. Those are______ (I) cousins.They sit at the table and talk with each other. 3.-Is this your desk? -No, it isn't. ____________(Teresa and Tina ) desk. 4.-Who is that man? -He is my________( parents) friend and he can sing well. 5. These are______ (Andy and Edward) bedrooms. They are small but warm. II.句型转换(每空一词) 6.I have a bat.(改为一般疑问句)_____ ______ ______a bat? 7.-Do your parents have a violin?(作否定回答)-______,______ __________. 8. Ella likes the colour yellow.(改为一般疑问句)______Ella ________the colour yellow? 9.-Does your sister have many different caps?(作肯定回答)-______,_____ -____. 10. Bob plays ping-pong on Sunday morning.(改为否定句) Bob _____ ________ping-pong on Sunday morning. I . 1. mother’s 2. my 3. Teresa and Tina’s 4. parents’ 5. Andy’s and Edward’s II. 6. Do you have 7. No; they don’t 8. Does;like 9. Yes; she does 10. doesn’t play 情境2 吃过饭后,Gina 带大家欣赏家人的照片。 Ⅲ.完形填空 Hello, everyone. I 1. ___ (be)Gina. I like taking photos very much and my family always supports(支持)me. I 2.______(take)a lot of photos of my family. This is my room. Please 3. (go) with me. Walk into my room,and you can 4. (see) some photos on the wall. They 5.______(be)all about my family. Please look at this picture. This is my mother. She is a great doctor and she 6.____(like) playing the piano. She thinks it is interesting. That is my little brother, Jimmy. He 7.______(have) short black hair. On the right of the photo 8. (be) my grandfather. He is good at playing Chinese chess.We always 9._______(play) chess after dinner. My grandmother loves cooking and always 10._____(cook) delicious food for us. I love my family. 1.am 2. take 3. go 4. see 5, are 6. likes 7. has 8. is 9. play 10. cooks 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024版7年级上册英语 Liz Unit2 We’re Family! Grammar Focus 动词(Verbs) 动词表示动作或状态。动词的人称和数一般必须与主语的人称和数一致。动词是词 类中最复杂的一种，不同语法书的动词分类有所不同。七上英语简单介绍四种动词： 系动词(linking verb)、实义动词(full verb)、助动词(auxiliary verb)和情态动词(modal verb)。 【Let’s think！】 请同学们朗读例句，思考划线部分动词是什么类型？观察他们的特点并尝试总结。 例句 动词类型及特点 1-1.I am in Class 3,Grade 7. 1-2.My favorite sport is ping-pong. 1-3.They are carrot plants. 2-1. I like music, and I play the guitar in the school band. 2-2.My father likes fishing a lot. 3-1.Do you want to be my friend? 3-2.Does your father spend a lot of time fishing? 3-3. What do they each like? 4-1.Can you say hi to the class? 4-2.I can not find my new glasses. 【Let's learn！】 一般现在时可以表示现在的状态，还可以表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作。 标志语： every + 时间名词； sometimes(有时)； often(常常)； usually(经常)； always(一直，总是)； on+星期几(Sunday, Monday…)； in the morning/afternoon/evening ... 实义动词的一般现在时；分为动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式 我来归纳：看例句并总结规律，注意观察划线动词和主语) 1、I play football every day . 2、You play football every day . 3、My friends play football every day . 4、He plays football every day . 5、Tom plays football every day . 6、My brother plays football every day . 总结规律： 当主语是（ ）时，实义动词使用其（ ）（简称三单形式）。 其余情况均用（ ）。 主语是第三人称单数时作谓语的实义动词的变化形式 （1） 规则变化 规则 示例 一般情况下，在动词末尾直接加-s ; speak→speaks 以字母-s、-x、-ch、-sh结尾的动词，通常在末尾加-es 以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es （2）不规则变化 特殊变化如have→has、go→goes等。 【Let’s practice！】 写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式。 1.clean ___________　　　 2.spend _____________　　　 3.watch_____________ 4.finish _____________ 5.do ______________ 6.fly _______________ 7.cry _____________ 8.help ______________ 9.have____________ __ 【Let's learn and practice！】 实义动词的一般现在时句式： 肯定句：主语（如 I/We/You/They）+实义动词（原形）+其他 主语（如 He/She/It）+实义动词的三单形式+其他 1. Peter _______ (go) swimming on Sundays. 2. My cousin _________ (enjoy) computer games. 3. My parents __________ (watch) TV in the evening. 4. Tom and Simon _______ (like) fish. 5. He _________ (swim) every day. 6. Tom ________ (play) football on weekends. 否定句：主语（如 I/We/You/They）+ do + not (don’t) + 动词原形+其他 主语（如 He/She/It）+ does + not (doesn’t) + 动词原形+其他 1. Peter _____________ (not go) swimming on Sundays. 2. My cousin _____________ (not enjoy) computer games. 3. My parents _____________ (not watch) TV in the evening. 4. Tom and Simon _____________ (not like) fish. 5. He _____________ (not swim) every day. 6. Tom _____________ (not play) football on weekends. 一般疑问句： Do +主语（如 I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？  Does +主语（如 he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语(代词主格）＋do／does. 否定回答：No，主语(代词主格）＋don’t／doesn’t. 1. ______ Peter_______ (go) swimming on Sundays? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 2. ______ your cousin _______ (enjoy) computer games? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 3. ______ your parents _______ (watch) TV in the evening? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 4. ______ Tom and Simon ________ (like) fish? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 5. ______ he ________ (swim) every day? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. 6. ______ Tom _______ (play) football on weekends? Yes, _____ _____. / No, _____ ______. *特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do +主语（如 I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？  特殊疑问词+does +主语（如 he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？ 1.Peter goes swimming on Sundays.(划线部分提问) Peter swimming? 2.Peter goes swimming on Sundays.(划线部分提问) Peter on Sundays? 特殊情况：特殊疑问词（主语）+动词三单形式/动词原形+其他？ Peter goes swimming on Sundays.(划线部分提问) swimming on Sundays？ 【Let’s conclude！】 总结规律： ①一，二，三复借用 . ②三单须和 连，有does,实义动词回 。 名词所有格 【Let's learn and practice！】 英语中，用来表示所属关系的语法形式叫名词所有格，它有“ ’s所有格”, “of所有格”和双重所有格三种形式。 1. ’s所有格 （1） 构成 方法 示例 一般情況下，在单数名词的词尾加“ ’s” Ann’s shoes 安的鞋子 以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“ ’ ” the students’ books 学生们的书 不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“ ’s” Children’s Day 儿童节 表示两人（或多人）共有某人或某物时，只把最后一个名词变为所有格； 表示各自所有时，每个名词都要变为所有格 father and mother’s room 父亲和母亲的房间（共同拥有） Linda’s and Lucy’s rooms 琳达的房间和露西的房间（各自拥有） （2）用法 ①表示人或其他有生命的物体的名词的所属关系，可用“’s所有格”。 •Is that Cindy’s skirt？那是辛迪的裙子吗？ ②表示时间、距离、价格时，可用“s所有格”。 • I have a good time on the two days’ trip. 我在这两天的旅行中玩得很开心。 ③表示住所、商店或办公场所等时，“’s所有格”后通常不出现它所修饰的名词。 • to Frank’s 去弗兰克家 at the doctor’s 在诊所里 2. of所有格 （1）构成：名词+of+名词 （2）用法：多用于表示无生命的事物的名词(所属关系) • a map of the world 一幅世界地图 注意：’s所有格有时可与“of所有格”互换。 • the woman's name = the name of the woman这位女士的名字 3. 双重所有格 （1）构成：名词+of+“’s所有格”/名词性物主代词 （2）用法：表示整体中的一部分 • a friend of Mike’s 迈克的一位朋友（表示迈克众多朋友中的一个） • a photo of mine 我的一张照片（表示我所有照片中的一张） 思考：名词所有格与物主代词之间有联系吗？它们可以互换使用吗？ 名词所有格和物主代词都是用来表示所属关系的语法结构，但在使用上存在一些区别。‌ 注：两者在不影响表达的情况下可以互换使用，物主代词有简化语言的作用。 1．—Whose handbags are these? —They are those managers’ (wife妻子). 2．—Is this your (parent) bedroom?—No, that one is theirs. 3．His (uncle) birthday is in January（一月）. 4．Some (student) things are in the Lost and Found box. 5．The pink blouse is one of the (lady女士) over there. 6．Yesterday I met a friend of my (father). 7．It’s not far from here. It’s only five (minute分钟) walk. 8．I’ve got a toothache, so I need to go to the (dentist牙科医生). 9．You won’t be able to find any (woman) clothes on the first floor. 10．All the (player) names and numbers are on the list（名单）. You can call them one by one. 【Let’s exercise！】 【基础过关】写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 1.drink ________ 2. go ________ 3. stay ________ 4.make ________ 5. look ________ 6. have ________ 7.pass ________ 8.carry ________ 9.come ________ 10.watch ________ 11. plant ________ 12.fly ________ 13.study_________ 14.brush ________ 15.do ________ 16.teach _________ 17.enjoy ________ 18.like ________ 【素养提升】情境 1 Gina 邀请朋友们来家里庆祝并向他们介绍在场的人。 I.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.My_______( mother) name is Sofia.She cooks delicious food for us. 2. Those are______ (I) cousins.They sit at the table and talk with each other. 3.-Is this your desk? -No, it isn't. ____________(Teresa and Tina ) desk. 4.-Who is that man? -He is my________( parents) friend and he can sing well. 5. These are______ (Andy and Edward) bedrooms. They are small but warm. II.句型转换(每空一词) 6.I have a bat.(改为一般疑问句)_____ ______ ______a bat? 7.-Do your parents have a violin?(作否定回答)-______,______ __________. 8. Ella likes the colour yellow.(改为一般疑问句)______Ella ________the colour yellow? 9.-Does your sister have many different caps?(作肯定回答)-______,_____ -____. 10. Bob plays ping-pong on Sunday morning.(改为否定句) Bob _____ ________ping-pong on Sunday morning. 情境2 吃过饭后,Gina 带大家欣赏家人的照片。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Hello, everyone. I 1. ___ (be)Gina. I like taking photos very much and my family always supports(支持)me. I 2.______(take)a lot of photos of my family. This is my room. Please 3. (go) with me. Walk into my room,and you can 4. (see) some photos on the wall. They 5.______(be)all about my family. Please look at this picture. This is my mother. She is a great doctor and she 6.____(like) playing the piano. She thinks it is interesting. That is my little brother, Jimmy. He 7.______(have) short black hair. On the right of the photo 8. (be) my grandfather. He is good at playing Chinese chess.We always 9._______(play) chess after dinner. My grandmother loves cooking and always 10._____(cook) delicious food for us. I love my family. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$