Unit2单元复习课件 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 2 Unit 2 Unit 2 教师：杜弈坤 1 out相关短语 give out 意为“分发；发放”，相当于hand out，它们都是“动词＋副词”结构的短语。 eg: The teacher gave/handed out our test papers. 与out相关的短语： work out come out hand out look out put out blow out go out eat out cut out break out 解决；算出 分发；拿出 生产；伸出；扑灭 外出 剪下；剪裁 出来；出版 小心 吹灭 在外面吃饭 （战争、战斗或疾病）爆发 2 volunteer v/n/adj v，意为“自愿（做某事）” 常构成短语 volunteer to do sth.和volunteer for sth.，意为“自愿做某事”。 eg: They volunteered to help the poor students. n，意为“志愿者” eg: Being a volunteer is great. adj，意为“志愿的；自愿的” eg: They did a volunteer job. 3 used to的用法 used to do 表示“过去常常做某事”，只表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态。 eg: People used to think the earth was flat. 句型： （1）肯定句：“主语＋used to＋动词原形＋其他”。 eg: They used to live in Beijing. （2）否定句：“主语＋didn＇t use to＋动词原形＋其他”或“主语＋usedn＇t to＋动词原形＋其他”，在口语中常用“didn't use to”。 eg: I didn't use to have long hair.=I usedn't to have long hair. 4 used to的用法 （3）一般疑问句： did＋主语＋use to＋动词原形＋其他？”或“Used＋主语＋to＋动词原形＋其他？”。 eg: Did you use to play the piano?=Used you to play the piano? （4) 反意疑问句：附加疑问句部分可以使用“didn＇t”或“usedn't”。 eg: This street used to be very crowded, didn't/usedn't it? (5) used to 用于 there be结构中，表示“过去曾有；以前曾有”。 eg: There used to be a beautiful park here. 5 care相关短语 care for 照料、关心某人，常用于肯定句； 喜欢某人／某物，常用于否定句或疑问句。 eg: To care for your friend, you need to care for yourself first. She doesn＇t care for tea. 提醒 care for表示“照顾；关心”时，相当于take care of或look after。  与care相关的短语： care about 关心；在意 take care of 照顾 take care 当心 with care 小心 in the care of 由······照顾 6 such/so辨析 so ＋adj＋a（n）＋n单/so + adj/adv such + a/an+ adj + n单/such + adj + n复/不可数n eg: She is such a beautiful girl. = She is so beautiful a girl. 二者用来修饰复数名词时，若名词前有形容词，一般用such；若名词被many、much、few、little（少）修饰时，须用so。 eg: He had so many falls that he could ride at last. 3. 如果被修饰的是不可数名词，只能用such，不能用so。 eg: It was such nice weather. 4. 当little表示“年纪小的”时，可以用"such+little+名词”结构。 eg: They were such little children that they couldn't clean the rooms. 7 satisfaction n. satisfaction是不可数名词，意为“满意；满足”,其反义词是dissatisfaction eg: Your satisfaction is guaranteed. 词语变形： satisfaction（n.满意）→satisfy（v.使满意）→satisfied（adj.满意的）→satisfying（adj.令人满意的） 短语： to one＇s satisfaction使／令某人满意／满足 express one＇s satisfaction at／with 对······表示满意 with satisfaction 满意地 satisfy one＇s needs 满足某人的需要 be satisfied with对······感到满意 be satisfied to do sth.对做某事感到满意 8 own辨析 owner是名词，意为“主人；雇主”。 eg: He is the owner of the house. （1）own作形容词，意为“自己的”，常与物主代词连用，具体使用时有两种常见结构，即“one‘s own十名词”和“名词＋of one＇s own”。在这两种结构中，own都起到强调物主代词的作用。 eg: He still doesn't have a car of his own. = He still doesn't have his own car. （2）own作动词，意为“拥有”，相当于have。 eg: He owns a villa in the countryside. 9 raise v. raise作及物动词，意为“筹集；募集”。 raise...for...为······筹集······ （同lift）举起；抬起 raise one＇s hand举起手 养育；饲养；种植 raise a family 养家 raise sheep 养羊 (同set up) 建立；竖起 raise a monument 建纪念碑 提高；升高 raise one＇s voice 提高声音 10 alone/lonely辨析 词语 词性 意义或用法 alone 形容词 意为“单独的；独自的”，只陈述客观事实，不带感情色彩，在句中多作表语或宾语补足语，不作定语 副词 意为“单独；独自”，相当于by oneself，常在句中作方式状语 lonely 形容词 意为“孤独的；寂寞的”，指情感上的孤独，带有伤感、忧郁的感情色彩，在句中作定语和表语 意为“荒凉的；偏僻的”，在句中常作定语，修饰表示地点的名词 Eg: I was walking alone in the lonely mountain. I didn't feel lonely though I was alone. 11 “修理”辨析 fix 美式英语，表示修理小东西，如钟表、电器、自行车等，可与repair 或mend通用 fix up 修理 mend 指修补有破洞、裂痕等的东西，如衣服、鞋袜等；也指只需个人修理的东西，如钟表、自行车或电视机等 mend your ways 改掉不良行为 mend your fences 改善不良关系；重 修旧好 repair 多指将损坏、破旧之物加以修理，也指修理构造复杂、损伤较 正在维修 大的东西，如机器、车辆或建筑物等 under repair 正在维修 repair beyond 无法维修 12 sure adj. 确信的；有把握的 be sure to do sth. 一定会做某事 be sure of／about sth. 对·······有把握 be sure（that）＋从句确信某事一定会······ eg: He is sure to arrive here on time. They are sure of／about the fact. I am sure she can come soon. 注：在”be sure（that）...”从句中，若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则句子结构能改为“be sure to do ...”的形式。 eg: I'm sure that I will pass the exam.= I'm sure to pass the exam. 13 形式宾语 “make it＋形容词＋to do sth.”意为“使做某事（变得）······”。在此结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是其后的动词不定式。 eg: The teacher makes it interesting to learn English. 形式宾语的常见句型还有“think／find／believe／feel/consider it＋形容词／名词＋to do sth.”，意为“觉得／发现／相信／感觉/考虑做某事······” eg: I find it boring to play computer games. I believe it a good way to do so. 14 imagine v. 想象；设想 不能用于进行时态。 其名词形式为imagination，意为“想象” 句型：imagine doing sth. 想象 imagine sb. to do sth. 想象某人做某事 imagine＋that／what＋从句 想象······ eg: He tried to imagine being on the moon. She imagines herself to be a famous singer. I can't imagine what has happened to you. 15 understand v. 理解 过去式和过去分词均为understood. understand 可以与follow或catch互换，意为“理解；听懂”。 eg: I can't understand/follow/catch you; please speak again. make oneself understood 意为“让别人理解自己的意思”。 eg: I can't make myself understood in English. understanding 作形容词，意为“善解人意的；体谅人的”。 eg: The mother has an understanding son. 16 interest n. 兴趣 interest在此句中作可数名词，意为“兴趣；爱好”。 have an interest in 对…有兴趣 have no interest in 对…不感兴趣 take an interest in 对…感兴趣 lose interest in 对…失去兴趣 interest可以作及物动词，意为“使······有兴趣”。 eg: That movie may interest you. 3. interesting adj. 意为“有趣的”。它可以作表语，其主语通常是物；也可以作定语，通常 也修饰物。 eg: The book is interesting. This is an interesting story. interested adj. 意为“感兴趣的；对······感兴趣的”，其主语通常是人。 常用结构：be／become／get／feel interested in。 eg: They are interested in singing. 17 语法：动词短语 动词短语是动词的一种固定搭配形式，可以把它作为一个整体，像一般动词一样使用。 动词短语的搭配可分为以下六种基本类型： 1．动词十副词 （1）“动词＋副词”相当于不及物动词 有的“动词＋副词”相当于不及物动词，在句中直接作谓语，后面不加任何宾语。常用的此类副词有away、along、back、down、in、off、on、out、up等。如： break out 爆发 break up 分解 come up出现 fall behind落后 get along 进展 get up 起床 give in 屈服 grow up 长大 hold on等一会儿 18 语法：动词短语 （2）“动词＋副词”相当于及物动词 有的“动词＋副词”相当于及物动词，后接宾语时，宾语如果是人称代词的宾格形式，需将其放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语是名词或nothing、everything等不定代词时，则可以将其放在动词和副词中间，也可以放在副词后面。如： cheer up使高兴起来；使振奋起来 clean up 打扫干净 put up 张贴 fix up 修理 use up 用完 hand in 上交 put off 推迟 pick up 捡起 think over仔细考虑 turn down 调低（音量） give away 赠送 give out分发；散发（气味、气体、热量等） 19 语法：动词短语 2．动词十介词 动词与介词构成的短语相当于一个及物动词，它的宾语总是在介词后面。如： break into 破门而入 care for 照顾 come across 偶然碰到 laugh at 嘲笑 look for寻找 stand for 代表 look into 调查 listen to 听 pay for 赔偿 look after 照顾 20 语法：动词短语 3．动词十副词＋介词 在这类动词短语中，动词、副词、介词紧密结合，是动副词组和动介词组的合成体，相当于一个及物动词。它兼有以上两类动词短语的特点，但宾语总是位于介词之后。如： come up with 想出 catch up with 赶上 look forward to 盼望 go on with 继续 keep away from 远离 get along with 相处融洽 21 语法：动词短语 4．动词＋名词 这类动词短语中的常见动词有have、take、give、make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的表示动作的名词，并表达动词短语的真正意义。如： have a rest 休息一下 take a walk 散步 take place 发生 tell a lie 撒谎 make mistakes 犯错 have a try试一下 22 语法：动词短语 5．动词＋名词十介词 这类动词短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词，宾语总是位于介词之后。如： make friends with与······交朋友 make fun of 取笑 pay attention to 注意 have a look at 看一看 23 语法：动词短语 6．be＋形容词（包括过去分词作形容词）＋介词 这类动词短语也相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词的后面，形容词是动词短语的真正意义。如： be different from与······不同 be good for对······有益 be friendly to 对······友好 be interested in 对······感兴趣 be famous for因······而出名 be serious about 对······认真 be busy with 忙于… 24 EXERCISES 1．你能想出一个更好的计划吗？ Can you _______________a better plan? 2. 她过去是个护士。 She ________________a nurse. 3. 我弟弟从来不放弃梦想。 My brother never ____________his dream. 4. 他独自一人居住，但并不感到孤独。 He lives _______but doesn't feel________． come up with used to be gives up alone lonely 25 EXERCISES 5. 非常感谢你帮我学习英语。 Thanks a lot for _________me________ my English. 6．李斌长得像他父亲。 Li Bin __________________his father. 7. 捐赠让穷孩子可以上学。 The donation _______________for poor children to go to school. helping with takes after/looks like is able to 26 EXERCISES Would you like____________(clean) up the city parks? You make it easy for me___________ (learn ) math well. We may meet many___________(difficult) when we are studying English. Tina used to ___________ (be) shy. But now she is outgoing. I hope ___________ (travel) to Suzhou some day. The boy sang a song ___________ (cheer) the sick girl up. Lucy makes a big ________ (different) to my life. I love animals and I was ___________ (excite) about the idea of having a cat. 17. ---Thanks for your ___________ (kind). ---With pleasure. They decided ___________(volunteer) at the old people's home. to clean to learn difficulties be to travel to cheer difference excited kindness to volunteer 27 thank you 教师：杜弈坤 28 $$