专题09 阅读理解（说明文）-三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分类汇编（浙江专用）

三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分类汇编（浙江专用） 专题09 阅读理解（说明文） （2024浙江） If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1. Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A. It is the oldest museum in London. B. There is a time machine in it. C. It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D. There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2. In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A. ①②③ B. ②①③ C. ①③② D. ③②① 3. What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A. A series of interesting paintings. B. Pictures of Sir John and his family. C. A valuable collection of sculptures. D. Models of famous buildings in the world. 4. What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. hear B. decide C. promise D. remember (2023丽水,C) Seagrass, an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor, is very important for sea life. It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon, a harmful gas. However, scientists don't know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean. With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world's largest seagrass meadow(grassland) on the seafloor near the Bahamas. Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fish, shellfish, and so on. Large sea animals, such as sharks, also spend a lot of time there looking for food. Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find. But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach. After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert, trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras. Since tiger sharks swim in groups, they placed satellite tracking tags(卫星跟踪器)on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam. They collected hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass. The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they expected—in fact, they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on Earth. The new finding increased the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%. However, more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow. Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea. Hopefully, more mysteries about seagrass will be solved. 1.What are the scientists studying according to the passage? A.Sharks.　　　B.The Bahamas.　　　C.Seagrass.　　　D.The Red Sea. 2.Which italic(斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “map” in Paragraph 3? A.Is there a map of China in the classroom? B.Amy mapped out her plans on the new project. C.It is the West Lake that really puts Hangzhou on the map. D.The police have successfully mapped where the missing boy is. 3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A.The reason for the study.　　　 B.The method to do the research. C.The finding of the research.　　　 D.The difficulty in carrying out the study. 4.Why does the writer write the passage? A.To tell the importance of saving seagrass. B.To express the strong love for tiger sharks. C.To share a new way of doing undersea research. D.To introduce a special project on global warming. (2023宁波,D) Plants are more than just pretty to look at. They give us fruits, vegetables and food we eat. Some plants even provide materials for medicine or building things. But do you know that plants can do something even more amazing? They can make our homes, schools and workplaces much healthier. We spend a large part of our day indoors. Unluckily, the air inside buildings can often be full of chemicals(化学物质) from many things around us. This poor air quality(质量) can make us feel sick, causing sore eyes and throats, and even making it hard for us to breathe. When the air inside buildings gets really bad, people even call them “sick buildings”. The good news is that plants are like nature's little superheroes. They have a magic power fighting against bad air. Plants breathe in carbon dioxide (CO2) and breathe out oxygen (O2) which we humans need to live. They can also add moisture to the air if it's too dry, making it more comfortable for us to breathe. 　▲　 Scientists have discovered that plants have the ability to take in harmful chemicals, making the air around us safer to breathe. They set up a completely closed building called “bio-home” for experiments. Before they added plants, the air inside was full of chemicals and people found it hard to breathe. But after they added plants, the air got much cleaner and it became easier to breathe. To make the air inside even better, the scientists used different kinds of plants. After a while, the building wasn't a “sick building” any more. People could go inside without feeling unwell.  So you see, plants are fantastic! They are not only beautiful to look at, but they also provide us with food, help create materials and play an important role in our health. They make our indoor environments cleaner and healthier, making us feel better. Next time you see a plant, remember all the amazing things it can do for us! 1.Which of the following is one way for plants to improve the air inside buildings? A.They breathe out carbon dioxide. B.They produce oxygen. C.They give out harmful chemicals. D.They make the air dry. 2.Which can be the best to fill in the blank 　▲　 in Paragraph 4?  A.But the most amazing thing plants can do is to clean the air. B.But one interesting thing plants can do is to build things. C.But plants can provide what humans need to eat. D.But plants can be used to make medicine for humans. 3.How does the writer support his opinion about plants improving air quality? A.By telling personal experiences. B.By providing numbers and forms. C.By questioning famous scientists. D.By using scientific experiments. 4.What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A.Plants are important for providing food.　　　 B.Plants make people look much better. C.Plants are good for indoor environments.　　　 D.Plants make it easier to build houses. (2023绍兴,C) Has a person ever warmly held a door open for you? How do you feel after playing with friends? And what would you say is your favourite family memory? These questions have one thing in common: they're all about connecting with people. “Let's Connect” is the theme of this year's Children's Mental (心理的) Health Week. It improves mental health by building healthy social connections. Humans naturally connect with others, whether that's family, friends or people in our community. Healthy connections give people energy and support—we all need people to celebrate and share our worries with. Social connections aren't just about mental health; they improve physical health too, helping us to live a long life. Research suggests being lonely can slowly harm your health. Humans' need for connection is different from person to person, but what's important is not how many relationships you have, but how good your relationships are. Then how to connect with others? “You can reach out and connect with people in so many different ways,” says Julia Clements of Place2Be, the organizer behind Children's Mental Health Week. You can connect in person or online, with your friends, parents, teachers or classmates. It's not just people, either. “Some people feel connected with their pets or in nature,” says Clements. She advises making time to build more connections through actions as well as words. Being kind, listening to others and trying new experiences are all good tools. Everybody may feel lonely sometimes and refuse to talk to others. Keep in mind that connections change—some become stronger, while others stop. “Remember that there are always people that care for you,” advises Clements. She says it's important to tell someone you trust about how you are feeling, or safe organizations such as Childline or Shout. They can help, whether you're looking to form new connections or repair a strained (紧张) relationship that is important to you. 1.The writer uses three questions in the beginning to 　　　.  A.express worries about humans　　　 B.lead into the topic “social connections” C.introduce health problems　　　 D.interest readers in family memory 2.Paragraph 2 is mainly about the 　　　 of connecting with others.  A.ways　　　B.popularity　　　C.importance　　　D.rules 3.Clements may agree that 　　　.  A.it is better to connect with pets than people B.using words is the best way to build connections C.people should only communicate with others face to face D.talking to others can be helpful to a lonely person 4.The passage is most probably written for 　　　.  A.teachers　　　B.parents　　　C.children　　　D.doctors (2023温州,B) A marathon is a long running race of 26.2 miles (42.195 kilometres). The first Olympic Marathon was held in Athens. Now, many cities host their own marathons every year. Some of the best-known marathons around the world are the New York City Marathon, the Boston Marathon and the Tokyo Marathon. Among them, the Boston Marathon which started in 1897, is the oldest yearly marathon in the world. As time goes by, the sport has become more than just a race. Themes of marathons add fun and meaning to the hard miles. Runners run for helping sick kids, celebrating important events, or just enjoying nature. There is a famous marathon in Gisborne, New Zealand, which is known for being the first city in the world to welcome the sunlight every day. Runners can greet the sunrise as they race along the golden sandy beaches. Marathon routes bring people more understanding of the old sport. Some routes provide great sporting challenges for runners. The routes offer various surfaces, from bridges to sands to hills. Runners of all skill levels can sweat freely and push their limits(极限;限制) in the race. Some routes are well planned for runners to explore the many sides of a city. For example, the route of the Great Wall Marathon takes the runners along the great wonder of the world. The race can be an amazing chance to get to know Beijing, its people and local food. A marathon is quite a journey for runners to enjoy the run, challenge themselves and experience the culture. There is so much more behind the race for us to explore. 1.According to the passage, the oldest yearly marathon is 　　　.  A.the Tokyo Marathon B.the Olympic Marathon C.the Boston Marathon D.the New York City Marathon 2.What might be the theme of the marathon in Gisborne? A.First Light.　　　B.Lively Kids.　　　C.Green Miles.　　　D.Fun Beach. 3.The writer uses the example of the Great Wall Marathon to tell that the route 　　　.  A.is difficult to plan B.shows the city culture C.offers different surfaces D.brings challenge to runners 4.What's the best title for the passage? A.Marathon: Not Just a Race　　　 B.Marathon: Routes and Rules C.Marathon: History and Themes　　　 D.Marathon: A Race for Everyone (2023杭州,C) Cyclocross is cross-country bicycle racing. Racers spend only part of a race on their bikes because only part of the two-mile race is smooth. Other parts of the race have the challenge of obstacles(障碍). When racers reach them, they can ride over them, or pick up their bikes and run. To be a top racer, you must dismount without slowing down at all. To do this, swing your right leg over the bike seat. At the same time, move the bike away from your body. This makes room for your right foot to hit the ground next to your left foot. As your right foot nears the ground, take your left foot away from the bike. Put both feet on the ground and start running! As soon as you are running, you have to decide what to do with your bike. You may shoulder it or lift it. It's important to practice both skills. Sometimes you need to run fast and jump over some obstacles. As your feet hit the ground, you reach down and catch the bottom of your bike. Lift up carefully and keep the bike on your right shoulder while you run. Sometimes you may lift your bike. You catch the top of your bike. Then you lift the bike high enough to get over the obstacles and carefully put the bike on the ground. After you have carried your bike across an obstacle, you will need to remount. As soon as your bike is on the ground, push off with your left leg, swing your right leg over the bike seat, and move into riding position. Remounting can be the hardest skill of cyclocross. You can learn by watching someone who remounts well. Cyclocross is a great way to stay active and have fun. However, it can be dangerous. Make sure that you are well prepared. Then, you will just need to go! 1.What can we learn about cyclocross from the text? A.It's a no-obstacle bike race. B.It's a cross-city bike race. C.It's a challenging bike race. D.It's a dangerous running race. 2.What does the underlined word “dismount” in paragraph 2 mean? A.Pick up a bike. B.Get off a bike. C.Get back on a bike. D.Practice riding a bike. 3.Why does a racer have to shoulder a bike in a race? A.To jump over obstacles. B.To take care of the bike. C.To make room for others. D.To hit the ground harder. 4.What is the text mainly about? A.The skills of cyclocross racing.　　　 B.The history of cyclocross racing. C.The records of cyclocross racing.　　　 D.The popularity of cyclocross racing. (2023嘉兴,C) What time is it? The answer you give can be different, because you are in different Earth's time zones(时区). But how could you tell the time if you aren't anywhere on Earth? Scientists are now thinking of creating a lunar(月球的) time zone. They believe it would be better for astronauts to communicate by using Moon Time, as they travel to, from, and across the Moon. At the moment, astronauts are using time zones of their own countries. But there could be safety problems caused by the differences in time-telling. 　▲　 Gravity(引力) influences how quickly or slowly time passes. Since gravity is weaker on the Moon, clocks run a bit faster there. After 24 hours, a lunar clock would be 56 microseconds ahead of a clock on Earth. Another point to consider is that a full day on Earth is about 24 hours between two sunsets. While on the Moon, it is nearly 709 hours, about 29.5 Earth days. This means that lunar nights can be around two weeks long, with only the Earth and the stars in the sky. With all this to think about, scientists need to decide whether it would be better to follow a time zone on Earth, or for the Moon to have its own special zone, which would have much longer days.   Scientists must consider other problems too. For example, who should be responsible for keeping the time zone going? And how can it be made practical for astronauts to use? There are more countries planning Moon trips in the future. The idea of creating a time zone on the Moon would make these easier. And if a lunar time zone is set up, scientists could create time zones for other planets like Mars. 1.Scientists think that a lunar time zone can 　　　.  A.keep the Moon clean　　　 B.keep astronauts healthy C.make the Moon trips safer　　　 D.make space travel faster 2.Which of the following can be put in the blank 　▲　 in Paragraph 3?  A.Setting up a lunar time zone is not easy. B.Setting up a special time zone is important. C.Scientists are holding different opinions. D.Scientists need to do a lot of experiments. 3.If the Moon has its own special time zone, a full day of it can be about 　　　 on Earth.  A.56 microseconds　　　B.24 hours　　　C.two weeks　　　D.29.5 days 4.What is the writer's purpose in writing the passage? A.To give information about space travel.　　　 B.To introduce the idea of Moon Time. C.To describe an experience of time travel.　　　 D.To share news about landing on Mars. （2023衢州） China is a country with many great mountains. Some of them have beautiful sights while others are rich in cultural value. The mountains listed below are either among the most famous or the most beautiful. Mount Taishan Mount Taishan is one of the most famous mountains in China. It has always been seen as a symbol of power (权力) and peace. Many emperors came here to show respect to heaven and earth. There are two must-see sights on the mountain. The first is the Jade Emperor Peak, which is at the top of Mount Taishan. It offers tourists amazing views of the whole mountain, including sunrise, sunset, and a sea of clouds. The second is Bixia Temple. It has a group of ancient buildings with five large halls. Mount Huashan Mount Huashan is famous for its natural cliffs (峭壁) and narrow paths. It has five great peaks. The East Peak is the best place for seeing sunrise; the North Peak is famous for its sea of clouds; the South Peak is the highest peak (2, 155 meters) of Mount Huashan; the West Peak is a huge rock shaped like a lotus flower; the Middle Peak is at the center of the five peaks. The way up the mountain is known as one of the most dangerous walks in the world. The mountain also has several famous temples. Mount Huangshan _________: ● Strange Pines (松树). Some stand alone on peaks. Others hang downwards from the cliffs. ● Absurd Stones. They can look like humans or animals. It depends on the direction in which you look. ● Seas of Clouds. They often make the peaks seem like large and small isalnds. ● Hot Springs. They have been well-known since ancient times. 1. What can we know about Mount Taishan according to the text? A. It stands for health and peace. B. The hot springs there are very famous. C. It is the most dangerous mountain in China. D. We can enjoy wonderful views from the Jade Emperor Peak. 2. According to the text, if Betty wants to enjoy the sea of clouds in Mount Huashan, she should go to ________. A. the East Peak B. the South Peak C. the West Peak D. the North Peak 3. Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank “_________”? A. Mount Huangshan is famous for its “four natural wonders” B. Mount Huangshan plays an important part in Chinese culture C. Mount Huangshan is popular with those who like strange pines D. Mount Huangshan’s sights of sunset and sunrise are not to be missed 4. Why does the writer write the text? A. To share experiences of mountain climbing. B. To introduce the great mountains in China. C. To offer ways to research mountains in China. D. To advise people to protect the great mountains. （2023金华） ①According to UNESCO, there are 740 million people unable to read or write in this world. And 250 million children of primary school age have no basic reading and writing skills. However, reading makes everything possible in life: education, work and escaping poverty(贫困). Considering that, the Global School Community aims to bring digital books to all the children of the world and their families. ②Digital technology makes a real difference. It can reach across the world and is fairly inexpensive. The Global School Community makes e-books available to children all around the world, either through mobile phones, Ipads or computers, saving the cost of making books and transport. Technology also helps improve our communication skills. Through the use of technology, teachers and children around the world can meet online to share lessons and discuss ideas. Remote schooling (远程教学) is one example of the success of communication through the Internet. ③The first books a child reads can have a great influence on that child. The greater the influence, the more likely the child is to continue reading and learning throughout his life. E-books, which are actually the electronic versions of printed books, not only provide knowledge and information, but help people grow healthily in mind. They can provide hours of entertainment and can connect schools all over the world. Studies have shown that children make much progress after only five months of reading e-books. Bido Hafrag, a child from Egypt, said, “Reading e-books not only helps me learn to read and write, but gives me much confidence. It also helps me have a better understanding of the world.” ④The Global School Community has a huge e-book library for every school to enter. It aims to bring digital books to all children and their families, and helps schools, colleges and universities to connect with each other. Please join our family of schools, write an e-book or share resources资源) at globalschoolcommunity.com. 1. The Global School Community plans to ________. A. make every child aware of the meanings of reading B. bring digital books to all children and their families C. offer chances for teachers to teach all over the world D. build up the confidence of the children from poor areas 2. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “inexpensive” in Paragraph 2? A. useful B. popular C. valuable D. cheap 3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. E-books help readers learn and make progress. B. E-books provide knowledge and information. C. E-books improve communication skills a lot. D. E-books have more advantages than printed ones. 4. The writer writes the passage to . A. introduce a new way to see the outside world B. help connect all the schools around the world C. invite us to join the Global School Community D. explain the history and development of e-books (2022杭州,B) What did people do to communicate in ancient times? Here are some very interesting answers to this question. Alphorns(阿尔卑斯长号角) were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland. They are very long and they are very heavy, too. So, alphorns are hard work to blow. Then why use them? Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen(牧民) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. At sunset, alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. These days, they're mostly used as musical instruments. The people of La Gomera, an island in Europe, have their own special way of sending messages from mountain to mountain. They use a whistled(口哨的) language called el silbo, which comes from their language Spanish. Whistling can be heard within five kilometers, which means it can be used across much greater distances than shouting. El silbo can be used for all kinds of messages, including greetings and announcements. El silbo is used a lot less than it used to be, but primary school students in La Gomera have to learn it. Did you know it's also possible to send messages without making a noise? This is called visual communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning. If they noticed the enemy from their signal(信号) tower, they lit a smoky fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal, they lit fires too. In this way, messages about the enemy's arrival could travel as far as 800km in just a few hours. 1.What are alphorns mostly used for today? A.Communicating in the mountains.　　　 B.Calling cows for milking. C.Sending messages down to villagers.　　　 D.Playing a kind of music. 2.Why do the people of La Gomera use el silbo to communicate? A.Because it can send messages to animals.　　　 B.Because it is different from their language. C.Because it can be heard at a great distance.　　　 D.Because it is a subject for young students. 3.How did soldiers along the Great Wall get warning messages between towers? A.By listening.　　　B.By whistling.　　　C.By shouting.　　　D.By watching. 4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?(P=Paragraph) A.　　　B.　　　C.　　　D. (2022丽水,C) When you, as a child, first picked up a crayon, a line might have been the first mark you make. You use lines to write numbers, symbols, and the letters of the alphabet. The lines on a map help you find the best route from one place to another. You use lines to draw pictures. 　▲　You can see lines in the grain(纹理) of a piece of wood or in the cracks on a sidewalk. You can see lines outside a building or in the field. Lines are used to create words, numbers, and symbols. They are also used to create art. In drawing, the line is an element(要素) of art that is the path of a moving point through space.  Artists use lines to lead your eyes through a work of art. They create lines in many ways. A line can be drawn on paper with a pencil or scratched into wet clay with a stick. Depending on its direction, a line can express different ideas or feelings. This is why the line is an important element in the language of art. Lines are used to express different images in Chinese calligraphic drawing. The word calligraphy means beautiful handwriting. In China, calligraphy is used to form characters (汉字) that represent the language. However, characters are more than just a letter of the alphabet. They are like pictures. They can represent an idea, an object, or a verbal sound. Calligraphic lines are usually made with brushstrokes that change from thin to thick in one stroke. To make a very thin line, artists use the tip of the brush. As you press on the brush and more of it touches the paper, the line becomes wider. (See the painting on the right, the long, flowing leaves of the orchid [兰花] plant in the rocks are made with one flowing brushstroke. ) Now practice making calligraphic lines with ink or watercolor paint. Use brushes, both thin and thick, to draw a leaf or a vegetable with lines. 1.The passage mainly talks about 　　　.  A.lines　　　 B.calligraphy　　　C.paintings　　　D.brushstrokes 2.Which of the following can be put in 　▲　 in Paragraph 2 as a topic sentence?  A.Artists love lines. B.Paintings need lines. C.Lines are everywhere. D.Lines can do everything. 3.Chinese calligraphic drawing is used as a(an) 　　　 in the passage.  A.reason　　　B.example　　　 C.method　　　 D.opinion 4.The passage is most probably taken from a textbook of 　　　.  A.history　　　B.math　　　 C.art　　　 D.science (2022绍兴,D) If you look around the room you are in right now, you'll probably notice a number of electronics. But can you imagine if they all had to be joined together by wires(电线)? Picture the wire snaking along the floor, for example, from your smartphone to your speaker, or connecting your game controller to the computer screen, meaning you could never sit more than a couple of meters away from it. A world of electronics connected by wires wouldn't just be untidy, but a possible danger, too. That's where Bluetooth comes in. We've all heard of it—but what exactly is it? Bluetooth is a method of short-distance(短距离) wireless communication between electronics that makes use of the power of radio waves. The idea was first thought of by Dr. Jaap Haartsen at Swedish mobile company Ericsson in 1994. Things really stepped up in September 1998 when the Bluetooth Special Interest Group(SIG) was set up to develop and spread the technology. Bluetooth 1.0 came out in 1999, and a year later it began to be used in mobile phones and desktop computers. Now Bluetooth has become an increasingly popular way of solving the problem of more and more electronics needing to be connected, without having to connect everything together with wires. But if you look at the remote control(遥控器) you use to choose the program on TV, you might rightly ask yourself why Bluetooth was such a big deal. After all, connecting objects with infrared signals (红外信号) which can't be seen had been done before. The problem with remote controls is that they need to keep what is called “line of sight”. If something is standing between the remote control and receiver, it won't work. Because Bluetooth uses radio waves, the things standing in the way are no longer a problem. Since its creation in the late 1990s, the technology has become more and more improved and widely used, with the 4 billionth Bluetooth objects shipped in 2020. 1.How does the writer lead in the topic “Bluetooth” in Paragraph 1? A.By describing scenes. B.By comparing facts. C.By telling stories. D.By explaining reasons. 2.With the setting up of SIG, Bluetooth 　　　.  A.started to be used in cars B.made radio waves known to people C.improved and spread quickly D.was able to connect all electronics 3.From Paragraph 3, we mainly get to know the 　　　 of Bluetooth.  A.development　　　B.popularity　　　C.standard　　　D.advantage 4.　　　 will most probably be interested in this text.  A.Phone sellers B.Technology fans C.Newspaper reporters D.History lovers （2022温州） “Motasharefon bema’ refatek!” is often heard in Arabs’ daily talks. This greeting in the language Arabic means “Nice to meet you!” You may find Arabic difficult to understand, but the following facts can offer you some basics. Arabic is s language of over twenty countries across the Middle East and North Africa, It’s also one of the six official languages of the UN. Now about 400 million people worldwide speak Arabic. Arabic has different varieties. One of them is Modern Standard Arabic. It is taught at schools in all Arabic-speaking countries and used formally over media. Colloquial Arabic is another variety which people in the Arab world usually use in their everyday life. Arabic is written from right to left in a beautiful and flowing script. Written Arabic is formed from eighteen different curves with dots () above or below. The curve () with one dot below is pronounced /b/, two on top is /t/, and three on top is /th/, while the curve () with two dots below is pronounced /y/. A main feature of Arable is the throe letter root system. Almost every Arabic word is based on a root of three letters. If you take a root and add other letters to it, you can create many words related to the meaning of that root. For example, “k-t-b” is a common root in Arabic. Some words from that root are kitaab (“book”) and maktaba (“library”). There are more facts about Arabic for you to explore. You’ll find that learning about it helps open up door to a different culture and provides a new way of thinking about the world. 1. How many varieties of Arabic are mentioned in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. According to the passage, which of the following is pronounced /b/ in Arabic? A. B. C. D. 3. What does the underlined root “k-t-b” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Cooking. B. Singing. C. Writing. D. Swimming. 4. Why does the author write this passage? A. To introduce the language Arabic. B. To tell stories from Arab countries. C. To encourage people to visit Arab countries. D. To advise people to protect the language Arabic. （2022台州） Space tourism(太空旅游业) is no longer a thing of science fiction. There are lots of companies planning to send people into space in the next few years. Space X is one of the most famous companies offering trips to space. So far, it has had over 100 customers. And in April, 2022, it sent 4 people into space. Now, what can space tourists do while in space? Here are some examples: See the Earth from Space Seeing the Earth from a distance has always been a dream. It gives most people a sense of both achievement and wonder(which is also why people climb the highest mountain and dive the deepest sea on the earth). Stay in a Space Hotel Hotels are directly connected with tourism, right? So if there’s space tourism, there might also be space hotels up soon. Orion Span has been planning to send tourists to stay in their “space hotel”, which would hold up to 6 people at a time. Eat in Space Eating is not easy in space. Even drinking water is difficult. Oh, a quick fact! You aren’t allowed to burp(打嗝) in space! Bubbles will come out of your mouth and it might be dangerous to leave them around. Visit the Moon and Other Planets Space tourism companies are racing to launch(发射) the first tourist flight to the moon. Although there might be a long way to go before common people can step on the moon, we will probably see it in our lifetime. And who knows, maybe we’ll even see hotels on the moon. With the industry rapidly developing, space tourism is around the corner, and it might come much faster than we think. Who knows what the future might be like? Will you be the next person to travel to space? 1. How many people did Space X send into space in April, 2022? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Orion Span has built six space hotels. B. Eating in space is as easy as it is on the earth. C. Seeing the earth from space is meaningless for most people. D. It is possible for common people to visit the moon in the future. 3. The underlined words “around the corner” in the last paragraph probably mean “________”. A. very slow B. very near C. very difficult D. very traditional 4. The text is probably from the column(栏目) of ________ in a magazine. A. Travel B. Health C. Sports D. Education （2022金华） Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts’ life was like when working in space. In fact, they did many of the things as we do on Earth. They brush their teeth, wash their hair and go to the bathroom. However, because of the microgravity（失重）environment, they take care of themselves in different ways. They wash their hair by using the norinse shampoo to get it clean because there are no real showers in the spaceship. Astronauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. But how much they eat depends on the astronauts. A small woman astronaut often needs only about 1,900 calories（卡路里）a day, while a large man requires about 3,200 calories. So there are many kinds of foods ready, such as fruits, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. They can also drink coffee, tea and orange juice. Astronauts can have much fun, too. They look out of the window, enjoying the wonderful sunsets and sunrises which happen every 45 minutes. Very often, they play with their food or even jokes on their workmates. Believe it or not, astronauts can even spend weekends, when they can watch movies, play music, read books and talk to their families. After a long day at work, ________. Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time, then wakes up and prepares for work again. But there are a few differences. Astronauts have to sleep in sleeping bags in special cabins（柜子）. Generally, astronauts are planned to have eight hours of sleep. Like on Earth, they may wake up in the middle of their sleep to use the toilet. And astronauts also have dreams. As for Wang Yaping, she had another experience—preparing for lessons for the Chinese students far down on Earth. 1. The passage mainly talks about ________. A. how astronauts work in space B. what it is like inside a spaceship C. what kind of people can be astronauts D. astronauts’ daily life in the spaceship 2. From the passage we can learn that astronauts ________. A. have to take showers every two days B. are not allowed to play jokes in space C. can have many kinds of foods for their meals D. seldom have dreams when they sleep in space 3. Which of the following can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 5? A. it is time to make a phone call B. reading is what an astronaut needs C. listening to music sounds like a good idea D. nothing is better than a good night’s sleep 4. What was Wang Yaping’s special experience in space? A. Making different kinds of foods. B. Taking care of the other astronauts. C. Writing a report about space travel. D. Giving a lesson to students on Earth. （2022湖州） ①There are lots of things that cause stress (压力) in our lives, such as school problems, arguments with friends and sometimes bad feelings about ourselves. We all experience stress at times, but it’s important to manage it properly and reduce (减少) its influence. Here are some helpful tips for dealing with stress. ②Sometimes we feel stressed without understanding the reason. So whenever you’re stressed, you should stop and think. What is really happening? How can you improve the situation? Try keeping a diary about your problems and the possible causes. ③Do you always wait until Sunday evening to do homework? This bad habit can cause “ last-minute ” stress, as well as poor grades. To avoid that, time management is greatly needed. Plan your studies and other activities with a calendar. You can also divide big projects into smaller tasks. In this way, you’ll always know how much time you really have. ④Besides, healthy habits are very important for reducing stress. Be sure to eat healthy meals and get at least eight hours of sleep. Avoid checking your mobile phone or using the computer before bedtime. It will keep you awake! ⑤When you’re feeling stressed, it’s helpful to speak to someone who understands your situation, such as your friends and families. Sometimes it’s enough to talk about your problems and share your feelings. Other times, however, you might need advice or suggestions. Don’t keep your worries to yourself. ⑥Finally, relaxation is important, Find some free time for activities that you enjoy, such as sports, hobbies and meeting with friends. For example, seeing a film or hanging out after 5 days’ study could be a good choice. If you find some time to relax and enjoy yourself, you’ll feel refreshed, have more energy, and reduce your level of stress. 1. What advice does the writer give to reduce stress in Paragraph 3? A. Stop and think. B. Manage your time. C. Watch your health. D. Reach out for help. 2. How does the writer develop Paragraph 6? A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers. C. By asking questions. D. By giving examples. 3. Which of the following is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. ( 22 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分类汇编（浙江专用） 专题09 阅读理解（说明文） （2024浙江） If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1. Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A. It is the oldest museum in London. B. There is a time machine in it. C. It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D. There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2. In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A. ①②③ B. ②①③ C. ①③② D. ③②① 3. What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A. A series of interesting paintings. B. Pictures of Sir John and his family. C. A valuable collection of sculptures. D. Models of famous buildings in the world. 4. What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. hear B. decide C. promise D. remember 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了约翰·索恩爵士博物馆。 1.细节理解题。根据“and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it”可知令人惊奇的是，他的房子和他离开时一模一样。故选C。 2.细节理解题。根据“You can start on the first floor...Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor...Now comes the last part, the underground floor.”可知先参观二楼，然后下楼到一楼，最后到地下楼层。故选D。 3.细节理解题。根据“Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London”可知在这里你可以看到他丰富的绘画收藏，例如，有一系列关于18世纪伦敦生活的有趣画作。故选A。 4.词义猜测题。根据“We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!”可知是保证这是一次你不会忘记的经历，故此处划线部分和promise意义相近。故选C。 (2023丽水,C) Seagrass, an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor, is very important for sea life. It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon, a harmful gas. However, scientists don't know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean. With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world's largest seagrass meadow(grassland) on the seafloor near the Bahamas. Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fish, shellfish, and so on. Large sea animals, such as sharks, also spend a lot of time there looking for food. Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find. But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach. After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert, trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras. Since tiger sharks swim in groups, they placed satellite tracking tags(卫星跟踪器)on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam. They collected hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass. The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they expected—in fact, they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on Earth. The new finding increased the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%. However, more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow. Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea. Hopefully, more mysteries about seagrass will be solved. 1.What are the scientists studying according to the passage? A.Sharks.　　　B.The Bahamas.　　　C.Seagrass.　　　D.The Red Sea. 2.Which italic(斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “map” in Paragraph 3? A.Is there a map of China in the classroom? B.Amy mapped out her plans on the new project. C.It is the West Lake that really puts Hangzhou on the map. D.The police have successfully mapped where the missing boy is. 3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A.The reason for the study.　　　 B.The method to do the research. C.The finding of the research.　　　 D.The difficulty in carrying out the study. 4.Why does the writer write the passage? A.To tell the importance of saving seagrass. B.To express the strong love for tiger sharks. C.To share a new way of doing undersea research. D.To introduce a special project on global warming. 答案　 语篇解读　本文主要介绍了海草的重要性以及科学家如何利用虎鲨对海底的海草进行研究。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world's largest seagrass meadow(grassland)on the seafloor near the Bahamas.”可知,科学家在研究海草。故选C。 2.D　词义猜测题。根据第三段的“noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas”可知,科学家注意到虎鲨在巴哈马群岛附近的海草中游动,结合后面讲到的给虎鲨装卫星跟踪器可知,科学家想利用虎鲨绘制这些植物的位置图,故此处map意为“绘制……的地图”;分析四个选项可知,选项D“警方已成功绘制出失踪男孩的位置”中的mapped意思与之相同。故选D。 3.C　段落大意题。根据“The researchers found...”以及“The new finding increased...”可知,本段主要介绍了这项研究的发现。故选C。 4.C　写作目的题。本文主要介绍了海草的重要性以及科学家如何利用虎鲨对海底的海草进行研究,作者认为与海洋动物合作,这种创新的研究方法有利于增加人类对海底世界的了解,故作者写本文的意图是分享这种新的海底研究方式。故选C。 (2023宁波,D) Plants are more than just pretty to look at. They give us fruits, vegetables and food we eat. Some plants even provide materials for medicine or building things. But do you know that plants can do something even more amazing? They can make our homes, schools and workplaces much healthier. We spend a large part of our day indoors. Unluckily, the air inside buildings can often be full of chemicals(化学物质) from many things around us. This poor air quality(质量) can make us feel sick, causing sore eyes and throats, and even making it hard for us to breathe. When the air inside buildings gets really bad, people even call them “sick buildings”. The good news is that plants are like nature's little superheroes. They have a magic power fighting against bad air. Plants breathe in carbon dioxide (CO2) and breathe out oxygen (O2) which we humans need to live. They can also add moisture to the air if it's too dry, making it more comfortable for us to breathe. 　▲　 Scientists have discovered that plants have the ability to take in harmful chemicals, making the air around us safer to breathe. They set up a completely closed building called “bio-home” for experiments. Before they added plants, the air inside was full of chemicals and people found it hard to breathe. But after they added plants, the air got much cleaner and it became easier to breathe. To make the air inside even better, the scientists used different kinds of plants. After a while, the building wasn't a “sick building” any more. People could go inside without feeling unwell.  So you see, plants are fantastic! They are not only beautiful to look at, but they also provide us with food, help create materials and play an important role in our health. They make our indoor environments cleaner and healthier, making us feel better. Next time you see a plant, remember all the amazing things it can do for us! 1.Which of the following is one way for plants to improve the air inside buildings? A.They breathe out carbon dioxide. B.They produce oxygen. C.They give out harmful chemicals. D.They make the air dry. 2.Which can be the best to fill in the blank 　▲　 in Paragraph 4?  A.But the most amazing thing plants can do is to clean the air. B.But one interesting thing plants can do is to build things. C.But plants can provide what humans need to eat. D.But plants can be used to make medicine for humans. 3.How does the writer support his opinion about plants improving air quality? A.By telling personal experiences. B.By providing numbers and forms. C.By questioning famous scientists. D.By using scientific experiments. 4.What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A.Plants are important for providing food.　　　 B.Plants make people look much better. C.Plants are good for indoor environments.　　　 D.Plants make it easier to build houses. 答案　 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物在净化空气,改善室内环境方面的作用。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中“自然生态”这一主题群,涉及子主题“人与自然相互依存,绿色生活的理念和行为”。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句“Plants breathe in carbon dioxide (CO2)and breathe out oxygen (O2)...making it more comfortable for us to breathe.”以及第四段第二句中的“plants have the ability to take in harmful chemicals”可知,植物吸收二氧化碳,释放氧气,增加空气湿度,吸收空气中的有害化学物质。故选B。 2.A　句子还原题。设空处位于段首,对本段的内容起概括作用。根据空后一句“Scientists have discovered that plants have the ability to take in harmful chemicals, making the air around us safer to breathe.”可知,本段的主要内容与植物对空气的净化作用有关,A选项“但是植物能做的最神奇的事情是净化空气。”符合语境,故选A。 3.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Scientists have discovered that...making the air around us safer to breathe.”和第三句“They set up a completely closed building called ‘bio-home’ for experiments.”可知,作者利用科学实验来说明植物能够提升空气质量,故选D。 4.C　写作目的题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了植物在净化空气,改善室内环境方面的作用,故选C。 (2023绍兴,C) Has a person ever warmly held a door open for you? How do you feel after playing with friends? And what would you say is your favourite family memory? These questions have one thing in common: they're all about connecting with people. “Let's Connect” is the theme of this year's Children's Mental (心理的) Health Week. It improves mental health by building healthy social connections. Humans naturally connect with others, whether that's family, friends or people in our community. Healthy connections give people energy and support—we all need people to celebrate and share our worries with. Social connections aren't just about mental health; they improve physical health too, helping us to live a long life. Research suggests being lonely can slowly harm your health. Humans' need for connection is different from person to person, but what's important is not how many relationships you have, but how good your relationships are. Then how to connect with others? “You can reach out and connect with people in so many different ways,” says Julia Clements of Place2Be, the organizer behind Children's Mental Health Week. You can connect in person or online, with your friends, parents, teachers or classmates. It's not just people, either. “Some people feel connected with their pets or in nature,” says Clements. She advises making time to build more connections through actions as well as words. Being kind, listening to others and trying new experiences are all good tools. Everybody may feel lonely sometimes and refuse to talk to others. Keep in mind that connections change—some become stronger, while others stop. “Remember that there are always people that care for you,” advises Clements. She says it's important to tell someone you trust about how you are feeling, or safe organizations such as Childline or Shout. They can help, whether you're looking to form new connections or repair a strained (紧张) relationship that is important to you. 1.The writer uses three questions in the beginning to 　　　.  A.express worries about humans　　　 B.lead into the topic “social connections” C.introduce health problems　　　 D.interest readers in family memory 2.Paragraph 2 is mainly about the 　　　 of connecting with others.  A.ways　　　B.popularity　　　C.importance　　　D.rules 3.Clements may agree that 　　　.  A.it is better to connect with pets than people B.using words is the best way to build connections C.people should only communicate with others face to face D.talking to others can be helpful to a lonely person 4.The passage is most probably written for 　　　.  A.teachers　　　B.parents　　　C.children　　　D.doctors 答案　 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。健康的社会关系能改善人们的身心健康。 1.B　推理判断题。根据这三个问题后的“These questions have one thing in common: they're all about connecting with people.”可知,作者指出三个问题的共同点:它们都是关于与人交往的;结合第一段最后一句“It improves mental health by building healthy social connections.”可知,这些问题是为了引出“社会关系”这一话题,故选B。 2.C　段落大意题。分析“Healthy connections give people energy and support...they improve physical health too, helping us to live a long life. Research suggests being lonely can slowly harm your health.”可知,本段介绍了健康的人际关系和社会关系的好处,以及孤独的坏处。所以本段主要说明了与他人联系的重要性,故选C。 3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段的“She advises making time to build more connections through actions as well as words.”以及第四段的“Everybody may feel lonely sometimes and refuse to talk to others.”和“She says it's important to tell someone you trust about how you are feeling”可知,她建议花时间通过行动和语言来建立更多的联系,每个人都有孤独的时候,她认为与信任的人分享自己的感受很重要。由此可知,她可能会同意“与他人交谈对孤独的人有帮助”这一看法。故选D。 4.C　推理判断题。根据文中提到的Children's Mental Health Week和第三段的“You can connect in person or online, with your friends, parents, teachers or classmates.”可知,本文是写给孩子们的,故选C。 (2023温州,B) A marathon is a long running race of 26.2 miles (42.195 kilometres). The first Olympic Marathon was held in Athens. Now, many cities host their own marathons every year. Some of the best-known marathons around the world are the New York City Marathon, the Boston Marathon and the Tokyo Marathon. Among them, the Boston Marathon which started in 1897, is the oldest yearly marathon in the world. As time goes by, the sport has become more than just a race. Themes of marathons add fun and meaning to the hard miles. Runners run for helping sick kids, celebrating important events, or just enjoying nature. There is a famous marathon in Gisborne, New Zealand, which is known for being the first city in the world to welcome the sunlight every day. Runners can greet the sunrise as they race along the golden sandy beaches. Marathon routes bring people more understanding of the old sport. Some routes provide great sporting challenges for runners. The routes offer various surfaces, from bridges to sands to hills. Runners of all skill levels can sweat freely and push their limits(极限;限制) in the race. Some routes are well planned for runners to explore the many sides of a city. For example, the route of the Great Wall Marathon takes the runners along the great wonder of the world. The race can be an amazing chance to get to know Beijing, its people and local food. A marathon is quite a journey for runners to enjoy the run, challenge themselves and experience the culture. There is so much more behind the race for us to explore. 1.According to the passage, the oldest yearly marathon is 　　　.  A.the Tokyo Marathon B.the Olympic Marathon C.the Boston Marathon D.the New York City Marathon 2.What might be the theme of the marathon in Gisborne? A.First Light.　　　B.Lively Kids.　　　C.Green Miles.　　　D.Fun Beach. 3.The writer uses the example of the Great Wall Marathon to tell that the route 　　　.  A.is difficult to plan B.shows the city culture C.offers different surfaces D.brings challenge to runners 4.What's the best title for the passage? A.Marathon: Not Just a Race　　　 B.Marathon: Routes and Rules C.Marathon: History and Themes　　　 D.Marathon: A Race for Everyone 答案　 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了马拉松的历史、主题、路线以及举办马拉松的目的和意义,说明马拉松已经不仅仅是一项比赛。主题语境属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“文学、艺术与体育”这一主题群,涉及子主题“日常体育活动,重大体育赛事,体育精神”。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Among them, the Boston Marathon which started in 1897, is the oldest yearly marathon in the world.”可知,波士顿马拉松是世界上最古老的一年一次的马拉松,故选C。 2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“There is a famous marathon in Gisborne...to welcome the sunlight every day.”可推知该马拉松的主题应该是“第一束光”,故选A。 3.B　推理判断题。根据题干定位到第三段最后两句“For example, the route of the Great Wall Marathon...can be an amazing chance to get to know Beijing, its people and local food.”可知,通过长城马拉松的路线可以了解北京、北京人民和当地美食,由此推知用长城马拉松的路线做例子就是说明马拉松的路线可以展示一个城市的文化,故选B。 4.A　标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句“As time goes by, the sport has become more than just a race.”可知,随着时间的推移,马拉松已经不仅仅是一项比赛了。本句是文章的中心句。文章通过介绍马拉松的历史、主题、路线以及举办马拉松的目的和意义,说明马拉松已经不仅仅是一项比赛,故选A。 (2023杭州,C) Cyclocross is cross-country bicycle racing. Racers spend only part of a race on their bikes because only part of the two-mile race is smooth. Other parts of the race have the challenge of obstacles(障碍). When racers reach them, they can ride over them, or pick up their bikes and run. To be a top racer, you must dismount without slowing down at all. To do this, swing your right leg over the bike seat. At the same time, move the bike away from your body. This makes room for your right foot to hit the ground next to your left foot. As your right foot nears the ground, take your left foot away from the bike. Put both feet on the ground and start running! As soon as you are running, you have to decide what to do with your bike. You may shoulder it or lift it. It's important to practice both skills. Sometimes you need to run fast and jump over some obstacles. As your feet hit the ground, you reach down and catch the bottom of your bike. Lift up carefully and keep the bike on your right shoulder while you run. Sometimes you may lift your bike. You catch the top of your bike. Then you lift the bike high enough to get over the obstacles and carefully put the bike on the ground. After you have carried your bike across an obstacle, you will need to remount. As soon as your bike is on the ground, push off with your left leg, swing your right leg over the bike seat, and move into riding position. Remounting can be the hardest skill of cyclocross. You can learn by watching someone who remounts well. Cyclocross is a great way to stay active and have fun. However, it can be dangerous. Make sure that you are well prepared. Then, you will just need to go! 1.What can we learn about cyclocross from the text? A.It's a no-obstacle bike race. B.It's a cross-city bike race. C.It's a challenging bike race. D.It's a dangerous running race. 2.What does the underlined word “dismount” in paragraph 2 mean? A.Pick up a bike. B.Get off a bike. C.Get back on a bike. D.Practice riding a bike. 3.Why does a racer have to shoulder a bike in a race? A.To jump over obstacles. B.To take care of the bike. C.To make room for others. D.To hit the ground harder. 4.What is the text mainly about? A.The skills of cyclocross racing.　　　 B.The history of cyclocross racing. C.The records of cyclocross racing.　　　 D.The popularity of cyclocross racing. 答案　 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自行车越野赛的比赛技巧。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“文学、艺术与体育”主题群,涉及“日常体育活动,重大体育赛事,体育精神”子主题内容。 1.C　细节理解题。由第一段第二、三句“Racers spend only part of a race on their bikes because only part of the two-mile race is smooth.Other parts of the race have the challenge of obstacles.”可知,自行车越野赛是一项具有挑战性的自行车比赛。故选C。 2.B　词义猜测题。第二段第二句中的To do this中的this指代dismount,其后内容是做到dismount的具体步骤,通过这些步骤,尤其最后一句“Put both feet on the ground and start running!”可推测dismount表示下车。故选B。 3.A　细节理解题。由第三段第二、三、四句“You may shoulder it or lift it...you need to run fast and jump over some obstacles.”可知,选手在比赛中扛起自行车是因为要越过障碍。故选A。 4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了自行车越野赛的比赛技巧。故选A。 (2023嘉兴,C) What time is it? The answer you give can be different, because you are in different Earth's time zones(时区). But how could you tell the time if you aren't anywhere on Earth? Scientists are now thinking of creating a lunar(月球的) time zone. They believe it would be better for astronauts to communicate by using Moon Time, as they travel to, from, and across the Moon. At the moment, astronauts are using time zones of their own countries. But there could be safety problems caused by the differences in time-telling. 　▲　 Gravity(引力) influences how quickly or slowly time passes. Since gravity is weaker on the Moon, clocks run a bit faster there. After 24 hours, a lunar clock would be 56 microseconds ahead of a clock on Earth. Another point to consider is that a full day on Earth is about 24 hours between two sunsets. While on the Moon, it is nearly 709 hours, about 29.5 Earth days. This means that lunar nights can be around two weeks long, with only the Earth and the stars in the sky. With all this to think about, scientists need to decide whether it would be better to follow a time zone on Earth, or for the Moon to have its own special zone, which would have much longer days.   Scientists must consider other problems too. For example, who should be responsible for keeping the time zone going? And how can it be made practical for astronauts to use? There are more countries planning Moon trips in the future. The idea of creating a time zone on the Moon would make these easier. And if a lunar time zone is set up, scientists could create time zones for other planets like Mars. 1.Scientists think that a lunar time zone can 　　　.  A.keep the Moon clean　　　 B.keep astronauts healthy C.make the Moon trips safer　　　 D.make space travel faster 2.Which of the following can be put in the blank 　▲　 in Paragraph 3?  A.Setting up a lunar time zone is not easy. B.Setting up a special time zone is important. C.Scientists are holding different opinions. D.Scientists need to do a lot of experiments. 3.If the Moon has its own special time zone, a full day of it can be about 　　　 on Earth.  A.56 microseconds　　　B.24 hours　　　C.two weeks　　　D.29.5 days 4.What is the writer's purpose in writing the passage? A.To give information about space travel.　　　 B.To introduce the idea of Moon Time. C.To describe an experience of time travel.　　　 D.To share news about landing on Mars. 答案　 语篇解读　本文是说明文。科学家们正在考虑建立一个月球时区。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“But there could be safety problems caused by the differences in time-telling.”可知,计时方式的差异可能会导致安全问题,因此可推断,科学家认为建立月球时区可以使月球之行更安全,故选 C。 2.A　推理判断题。根据第三段的“Gravity influences how quickly or slowly time passes.”以及“Another point to consider is that...”可知,重力影响时间快慢,月球上一天的长度与地球上也不同。因此建立月球时区并不容易。故选A。 3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段的“While on the Moon, it is nearly 709 hours, about 29.5 Earth days.”可知,在月球上,一天接近709小时,大约是29.5个地球日。故选D。 4.B　推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,本文主要探讨了建立月球时区的原因、困难、好处等。故选B。 （2023衢州） China is a country with many great mountains. Some of them have beautiful sights while others are rich in cultural value. The mountains listed below are either among the most famous or the most beautiful. Mount Taishan Mount Taishan is one of the most famous mountains in China. It has always been seen as a symbol of power (权力) and peace. Many emperors came here to show respect to heaven and earth. There are two must-see sights on the mountain. The first is the Jade Emperor Peak, which is at the top of Mount Taishan. It offers tourists amazing views of the whole mountain, including sunrise, sunset, and a sea of clouds. The second is Bixia Temple. It has a group of ancient buildings with five large halls. Mount Huashan Mount Huashan is famous for its natural cliffs (峭壁) and narrow paths. It has five great peaks. The East Peak is the best place for seeing sunrise; the North Peak is famous for its sea of clouds; the South Peak is the highest peak (2, 155 meters) of Mount Huashan; the West Peak is a huge rock shaped like a lotus flower; the Middle Peak is at the center of the five peaks. The way up the mountain is known as one of the most dangerous walks in the world. The mountain also has several famous temples. Mount Huangshan _________: ● Strange Pines (松树). Some stand alone on peaks. Others hang downwards from the cliffs. ● Absurd Stones. They can look like humans or animals. It depends on the direction in which you look. ● Seas of Clouds. They often make the peaks seem like large and small isalnds. ● Hot Springs. They have been well-known since ancient times. 1. What can we know about Mount Taishan according to the text? A. It stands for health and peace. B. The hot springs there are very famous. C. It is the most dangerous mountain in China. D. We can enjoy wonderful views from the Jade Emperor Peak. 2. According to the text, if Betty wants to enjoy the sea of clouds in Mount Huashan, she should go to ________. A. the East Peak B. the South Peak C. the West Peak D. the North Peak 3. Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank “_________”? A. Mount Huangshan is famous for its “four natural wonders” B. Mount Huangshan plays an important part in Chinese culture C. Mount Huangshan is popular with those who like strange pines D. Mount Huangshan’s sights of sunset and sunrise are not to be missed 4. Why does the writer write the text? A. To share experiences of mountain climbing. B. To introduce the great mountains in China. C. To offer ways to research mountains in China. D. To advise people to protect the great mountains. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国的三座山脉。 1.细节理解题。根据“The first is the Jade Emperor Peak, which is at the top of Mount Taishan. It offers tourists amazing views of the whole mountain”可知，我们可以从玉皇峰上欣赏美丽的景色，故选D。 2.细节理解题。根据“the North Peak is famous for its sea of clouds”可知，北峰以云海而闻名，所以应该去北峰，故选D。 3.推理判断题。根据“Strange Pines”、“Absurd Stones”、“Seas of Clouds”及“Hot Springs”可知，下文提到了黄山的四处自然景观，所以此处应是提到了这四处自然景观，故选A。 4.主旨大意题。根据“The mountains listed below are either among the most famous or the most beautiful.”及全文的内容可知，作者是为了介绍中国的三座山脉，故选B。 （2023金华） ①According to UNESCO, there are 740 million people unable to read or write in this world. And 250 million children of primary school age have no basic reading and writing skills. However, reading makes everything possible in life: education, work and escaping poverty(贫困). Considering that, the Global School Community aims to bring digital books to all the children of the world and their families. ②Digital technology makes a real difference. It can reach across the world and is fairly inexpensive. The Global School Community makes e-books available to children all around the world, either through mobile phones, Ipads or computers, saving the cost of making books and transport. Technology also helps improve our communication skills. Through the use of technology, teachers and children around the world can meet online to share lessons and discuss ideas. Remote schooling (远程教学) is one example of the success of communication through the Internet. ③The first books a child reads can have a great influence on that child. The greater the influence, the more likely the child is to continue reading and learning throughout his life. E-books, which are actually the electronic versions of printed books, not only provide knowledge and information, but help people grow healthily in mind. They can provide hours of entertainment and can connect schools all over the world. Studies have shown that children make much progress after only five months of reading e-books. Bido Hafrag, a child from Egypt, said, “Reading e-books not only helps me learn to read and write, but gives me much confidence. It also helps me have a better understanding of the world.” ④The Global School Community has a huge e-book library for every school to enter. It aims to bring digital books to all children and their families, and helps schools, colleges and universities to connect with each other. Please join our family of schools, write an e-book or share resources资源) at globalschoolcommunity.com. 1. The Global School Community plans to ________. A. make every child aware of the meanings of reading B. bring digital books to all children and their families C. offer chances for teachers to teach all over the world D. build up the confidence of the children from poor areas 2. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “inexpensive” in Paragraph 2? A. useful B. popular C. valuable D. cheap 3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. E-books help readers learn and make progress. B. E-books provide knowledge and information. C. E-books improve communication skills a lot. D. E-books have more advantages than printed ones. 4. The writer writes the passage to . A. introduce a new way to see the outside world B. help connect all the schools around the world C. invite us to join the Global School Community D. explain the history and development of e-books 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了全球2.5亿小学适龄儿童没有基本的阅读和写作技能，为了解决这个问题，全球学校社区旨在将数字图书带给世界上所有的儿童及其家庭。 1.细节理解题。根据“the Global School Community aims to bring digital books to all the children of the world and their families”可知全球学校社区旨在将数字图书带给世界上所有的儿童及其家庭。故选B。 2.词义猜测题。根据“It can reach across the world and is fairly inexpensive”可知它可以覆盖世界各地，而且相当便宜，故此处划线部分意为“便宜的”。故选D。 3.主旨大意题。根据“The first books a child reads can have a great influence on that child...”以及本段内容可知电子书对孩子有很大的影响，帮助读者学习和进步。故选A。 4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了全球2.5亿小学适龄儿童没有基本的阅读和写作技能，为了解决这个问题，全球学校社区旨在将数字图书带给世界上所有的儿童及其家庭，所以作者写这篇文章是为了邀请读者参加全球学校社区。故选C。 (2022杭州,B) What did people do to communicate in ancient times? Here are some very interesting answers to this question. Alphorns(阿尔卑斯长号角) were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland. They are very long and they are very heavy, too. So, alphorns are hard work to blow. Then why use them? Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen(牧民) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. At sunset, alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. These days, they're mostly used as musical instruments. The people of La Gomera, an island in Europe, have their own special way of sending messages from mountain to mountain. They use a whistled(口哨的) language called el silbo, which comes from their language Spanish. Whistling can be heard within five kilometers, which means it can be used across much greater distances than shouting. El silbo can be used for all kinds of messages, including greetings and announcements. El silbo is used a lot less than it used to be, but primary school students in La Gomera have to learn it. Did you know it's also possible to send messages without making a noise? This is called visual communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning. If they noticed the enemy from their signal(信号) tower, they lit a smoky fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke signal, they lit fires too. In this way, messages about the enemy's arrival could travel as far as 800km in just a few hours. 1.What are alphorns mostly used for today? A.Communicating in the mountains.　　　 B.Calling cows for milking. C.Sending messages down to villagers.　　　 D.Playing a kind of music. 2.Why do the people of La Gomera use el silbo to communicate? A.Because it can send messages to animals.　　　 B.Because it is different from their language. C.Because it can be heard at a great distance.　　　 D.Because it is a subject for young students. 3.How did soldiers along the Great Wall get warning messages between towers? A.By listening.　　　B.By whistling.　　　C.By shouting.　　　D.By watching. 4.Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?(P=Paragraph) A.　　　B.　　　C.　　　D. 答案　 语篇解读　本文是说明文,介绍了古代人们是怎么交流的。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“科学与技术”这一主题群,涉及子主题“科学技术改变生活”。 1.D　细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,现如今阿尔卑斯长号角大多作为乐器使用。故选D。 2.C　细节理解题。由第三段第三句可知,使用el silbo交流的原因是口哨声在五千米以内都能听到,故选C。 3.D　细节理解题。由第四段的第四、五句可知,如果烽火台里的士兵们注意到敌人,他们会点燃烽火。当其他烽火台里的士兵看见狼烟,他们也会点燃烽火。他们是通过看的方式获取警示信息的,故选D。 4.A　篇章结构题。第一段提出古代人们是怎么交流的这一问题。第二、三和四段分别介绍了不同地区的古代人们的交流方式。由此可见,第一段总领全篇,第二、三和四段是并列结构,故选A。 (2022丽水,C) When you, as a child, first picked up a crayon, a line might have been the first mark you make. You use lines to write numbers, symbols, and the letters of the alphabet. The lines on a map help you find the best route from one place to another. You use lines to draw pictures. 　▲　You can see lines in the grain(纹理) of a piece of wood or in the cracks on a sidewalk. You can see lines outside a building or in the field. Lines are used to create words, numbers, and symbols. They are also used to create art. In drawing, the line is an element(要素) of art that is the path of a moving point through space.  Artists use lines to lead your eyes through a work of art. They create lines in many ways. A line can be drawn on paper with a pencil or scratched into wet clay with a stick. Depending on its direction, a line can express different ideas or feelings. This is why the line is an important element in the language of art. Lines are used to express different images in Chinese calligraphic drawing. The word calligraphy means beautiful handwriting. In China, calligraphy is used to form characters (汉字) that represent the language. However, characters are more than just a letter of the alphabet. They are like pictures. They can represent an idea, an object, or a verbal sound. Calligraphic lines are usually made with brushstrokes that change from thin to thick in one stroke. To make a very thin line, artists use the tip of the brush. As you press on the brush and more of it touches the paper, the line becomes wider. (See the painting on the right, the long, flowing leaves of the orchid [兰花] plant in the rocks are made with one flowing brushstroke. ) Now practice making calligraphic lines with ink or watercolor paint. Use brushes, both thin and thick, to draw a leaf or a vegetable with lines. 1.The passage mainly talks about 　　　.  A.lines　　　 B.calligraphy　　　C.paintings　　　D.brushstrokes 2.Which of the following can be put in 　▲　 in Paragraph 2 as a topic sentence?  A.Artists love lines. B.Paintings need lines. C.Lines are everywhere. D.Lines can do everything. 3.Chinese calligraphic drawing is used as a(an) 　　　 in the passage.  A.reason　　　B.example　　　 C.method　　　 D.opinion 4.The passage is most probably taken from a textbook of 　　　.  A.history　　　B.math　　　 C.art　　　 D.science 答案　 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术的要素——线条。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中“文学、艺术与体育”这一主题群,涉及子主题“中外影视、戏剧、音乐、舞蹈、绘画、建筑等艺术形式中的文化价值和作品赏析”。 1.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了线条的各种用途。从人生的第一次拿笔,到书法和绘画等方面,线条发挥了重要作用。故选A。 2.C　推理判断题。根据设空处后两句可推知本段主要阐明线条无处不在,故选C。 3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Lines are used to express different images in Chinese calligraphic drawing.”可知,Chinese calligraphy drawing是线条应用的一个例子,故选B。 4.C　体裁出处题。本文讲述了线条在书法、绘画等方面的使用,而这些都属于艺术表现形式,由此可推断文章出自美术课本。故选C。 (2022绍兴,D) If you look around the room you are in right now, you'll probably notice a number of electronics. But can you imagine if they all had to be joined together by wires(电线)? Picture the wire snaking along the floor, for example, from your smartphone to your speaker, or connecting your game controller to the computer screen, meaning you could never sit more than a couple of meters away from it. A world of electronics connected by wires wouldn't just be untidy, but a possible danger, too. That's where Bluetooth comes in. We've all heard of it—but what exactly is it? Bluetooth is a method of short-distance(短距离) wireless communication between electronics that makes use of the power of radio waves. The idea was first thought of by Dr. Jaap Haartsen at Swedish mobile company Ericsson in 1994. Things really stepped up in September 1998 when the Bluetooth Special Interest Group(SIG) was set up to develop and spread the technology. Bluetooth 1.0 came out in 1999, and a year later it began to be used in mobile phones and desktop computers. Now Bluetooth has become an increasingly popular way of solving the problem of more and more electronics needing to be connected, without having to connect everything together with wires. But if you look at the remote control(遥控器) you use to choose the program on TV, you might rightly ask yourself why Bluetooth was such a big deal. After all, connecting objects with infrared signals (红外信号) which can't be seen had been done before. The problem with remote controls is that they need to keep what is called “line of sight”. If something is standing between the remote control and receiver, it won't work. Because Bluetooth uses radio waves, the things standing in the way are no longer a problem. Since its creation in the late 1990s, the technology has become more and more improved and widely used, with the 4 billionth Bluetooth objects shipped in 2020. 1.How does the writer lead in the topic “Bluetooth” in Paragraph 1? A.By describing scenes. B.By comparing facts. C.By telling stories. D.By explaining reasons. 2.With the setting up of SIG, Bluetooth 　　　.  A.started to be used in cars B.made radio waves known to people C.improved and spread quickly D.was able to connect all electronics 3.From Paragraph 3, we mainly get to know the 　　　 of Bluetooth.  A.development　　　B.popularity　　　C.standard　　　D.advantage 4.　　　 will most probably be interested in this text.  A.Phone sellers B.Technology fans C.Newspaper reporters D.History lovers 答案　 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蓝牙技术的发展历程。主题语境属于“人与社会”范畴中的“科学与技术”主题群,涉及“科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新”子主题内容。 1.A　写作手法题。根据第一段第一句“If you look around the room you are in right now, you'll probably notice a number of electronics.”及后面内容可知,第一段描述了一个由电线连接的电子世界,不仅不整洁,而且也很危险,由此引出了本文的话题——蓝牙技术,所以作者通过描述一个场景引出话题。故选A。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,蓝牙特别兴趣小组 (SIG) 完善和传播了该技术。故选C。 3.D　段落大意题。根据第三段第一句以及本段其他内容可知,本段主要介绍了蓝牙的优势。故选D。 4.B　推理判断题。本文主要介绍了蓝牙的发展过程,所以科技爱好者会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。 （2022温州） “Motasharefon bema’ refatek!” is often heard in Arabs’ daily talks. This greeting in the language Arabic means “Nice to meet you!” You may find Arabic difficult to understand, but the following facts can offer you some basics. Arabic is s language of over twenty countries across the Middle East and North Africa, It’s also one of the six official languages of the UN. Now about 400 million people worldwide speak Arabic. Arabic has different varieties. One of them is Modern Standard Arabic. It is taught at schools in all Arabic-speaking countries and used formally over media. Colloquial Arabic is another variety which people in the Arab world usually use in their everyday life. Arabic is written from right to left in a beautiful and flowing script. Written Arabic is formed from eighteen different curves with dots () above or below. The curve () with one dot below is pronounced /b/, two on top is /t/, and three on top is /th/, while the curve () with two dots below is pronounced /y/. A main feature of Arable is the throe letter root system. Almost every Arabic word is based on a root of three letters. If you take a root and add other letters to it, you can create many words related to the meaning of that root. For example, “k-t-b” is a common root in Arabic. Some words from that root are kitaab (“book”) and maktaba (“library”). There are more facts about Arabic for you to explore. You’ll find that learning about it helps open up door to a different culture and provides a new way of thinking about the world. 1. How many varieties of Arabic are mentioned in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. According to the passage, which of the following is pronounced /b/ in Arabic? A. B. C. D. 3. What does the underlined root “k-t-b” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Cooking. B. Singing. C. Writing. D. Swimming. 4. Why does the author write this passage? A. To introduce the language Arabic. B. To tell stories from Arab countries. C. To encourage people to visit Arab countries. D. To advise people to protect the language Arabic. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 【解析】本文主要介绍了一些与阿拉伯语有关的事实，介绍了它的种类，它的书写方式，以及发音规律等等。 1.细节理解题。根据“One of them is Modern Standard Arabic”及“Colloquial Arabic is another variety”可知，一共提到了两种，故选A。 2.细节理解题。根据“The curve () with one dot below is pronounced /b/”可知，下面有一个点的曲线发音为/b/，故选B。 3.词义猜测题。根据“For example, “k-t-b” is a common root in Arabic. Some words from that root are kitaab (“book”) and maktaba (“library”).”可知，“k-t-b”是一个常见的词根，“书”和“图书馆”都是跟它有关，由此可推断它跟写作读书有关，故选C。 4.主旨大意题。根据“You may find Arabic difficult to understand, but the following facts can offer you some basics.”及文章内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了向读者介绍阿拉伯语，故选A。 （2022台州） Space tourism(太空旅游业) is no longer a thing of science fiction. There are lots of companies planning to send people into space in the next few years. Space X is one of the most famous companies offering trips to space. So far, it has had over 100 customers. And in April, 2022, it sent 4 people into space. Now, what can space tourists do while in space? Here are some examples: See the Earth from Space Seeing the Earth from a distance has always been a dream. It gives most people a sense of both achievement and wonder(which is also why people climb the highest mountain and dive the deepest sea on the earth). Stay in a Space Hotel Hotels are directly connected with tourism, right? So if there’s space tourism, there might also be space hotels up soon. Orion Span has been planning to send tourists to stay in their “space hotel”, which would hold up to 6 people at a time. Eat in Space Eating is not easy in space. Even drinking water is difficult. Oh, a quick fact! You aren’t allowed to burp(打嗝) in space! Bubbles will come out of your mouth and it might be dangerous to leave them around. Visit the Moon and Other Planets Space tourism companies are racing to launch(发射) the first tourist flight to the moon. Although there might be a long way to go before common people can step on the moon, we will probably see it in our lifetime. And who knows, maybe we’ll even see hotels on the moon. With the industry rapidly developing, space tourism is around the corner, and it might come much faster than we think. Who knows what the future might be like? Will you be the next person to travel to space? 1. How many people did Space X send into space in April, 2022? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Orion Span has built six space hotels. B. Eating in space is as easy as it is on the earth. C. Seeing the earth from space is meaningless for most people. D. It is possible for common people to visit the moon in the future. 3. The underlined words “around the corner” in the last paragraph probably mean “________”. A. very slow B. very near C. very difficult D. very traditional 4. The text is probably from the column(栏目) of ________ in a magazine. A. Travel B. Health C. Sports D. Education 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 【解析】本文主要介绍了游客可以在太空做的事情。 1.细节理解题。根据“And in April, 2022, it sent 4 people into space.”可知，在2022年4月份送了4个人去太空，故选B。 2.推理判断题。根据“Although there might be a long way to go before common people can step on the moon, we will probably see it in our lifetime”可知，虽然在普通人登上月球之前还有很长的路要走，但我们很可能在有生之年看到它，D表述正确，故选D。 3.词义猜测题。根据“With the industry rapidly developing, space tourism is around the corner, and it might come much faster than we think.”可知，随着工业的快速发展很快就会到来，所以around the corner与very near同义，故选B。 4.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了游客可以在太空做的事情，所以可以在旅游栏目看到此篇文章，故选A。 （2022金华） Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts’ life was like when working in space. In fact, they did many of the things as we do on Earth. They brush their teeth, wash their hair and go to the bathroom. However, because of the microgravity（失重）environment, they take care of themselves in different ways. They wash their hair by using the norinse shampoo to get it clean because there are no real showers in the spaceship. Astronauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. But how much they eat depends on the astronauts. A small woman astronaut often needs only about 1,900 calories（卡路里）a day, while a large man requires about 3,200 calories. So there are many kinds of foods ready, such as fruits, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. They can also drink coffee, tea and orange juice. Astronauts can have much fun, too. They look out of the window, enjoying the wonderful sunsets and sunrises which happen every 45 minutes. Very often, they play with their food or even jokes on their workmates. Believe it or not, astronauts can even spend weekends, when they can watch movies, play music, read books and talk to their families. After a long day at work, ________. Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time, then wakes up and prepares for work again. But there are a few differences. Astronauts have to sleep in sleeping bags in special cabins（柜子）. Generally, astronauts are planned to have eight hours of sleep. Like on Earth, they may wake up in the middle of their sleep to use the toilet. And astronauts also have dreams. As for Wang Yaping, she had another experience—preparing for lessons for the Chinese students far down on Earth. 1. The passage mainly talks about ________. A. how astronauts work in space B. what it is like inside a spaceship C. what kind of people can be astronauts D. astronauts’ daily life in the spaceship 2. From the passage we can learn that astronauts ________. A. have to take showers every two days B. are not allowed to play jokes in space C. can have many kinds of foods for their meals D. seldom have dreams when they sleep in space 3. Which of the following can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 5? A. it is time to make a phone call B. reading is what an astronaut needs C. listening to music sounds like a good idea D. nothing is better than a good night’s sleep 4. What was Wang Yaping’s special experience in space? A. Making different kinds of foods. B. Taking care of the other astronauts. C. Writing a report about space travel. D. Giving a lesson to students on Earth. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。 1.主旨大意题。根据“Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts’ life was like when working in space”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了太空中生活是什么样的。故选D。 2.细节理解题。根据“So there are many kinds of foods ready”可知宇航员有很多种类的食物可以吃。故选C。 3.推理判断题。根据“After a long day at work...Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time”可知在一天的工作之后，宇航员会去睡觉，选项D“没有什么比睡个好觉更好的了”放空格处更合适。故选D。 4.细节理解题。根据“she had another experience—preparing for lessons for the Chinese students far down on Earth”可知王亚平的特殊经历是为远在地球上的中国学生备课。故选D。 （2022湖州） ①There are lots of things that cause stress (压力) in our lives, such as school problems, arguments with friends and sometimes bad feelings about ourselves. We all experience stress at times, but it’s important to manage it properly and reduce (减少) its influence. Here are some helpful tips for dealing with stress. ②Sometimes we feel stressed without understanding the reason. So whenever you’re stressed, you should stop and think. What is really happening? How can you improve the situation? Try keeping a diary about your problems and the possible causes. ③Do you always wait until Sunday evening to do homework? This bad habit can cause “ last-minute ” stress, as well as poor grades. To avoid that, time management is greatly needed. Plan your studies and other activities with a calendar. You can also divide big projects into smaller tasks. In this way, you’ll always know how much time you really have. ④Besides, healthy habits are very important for reducing stress. Be sure to eat healthy meals and get at least eight hours of sleep. Avoid checking your mobile phone or using the computer before bedtime. It will keep you awake! ⑤When you’re feeling stressed, it’s helpful to speak to someone who understands your situation, such as your friends and families. Sometimes it’s enough to talk about your problems and share your feelings. Other times, however, you might need advice or suggestions. Don’t keep your worries to yourself. ⑥Finally, relaxation is important, Find some free time for activities that you enjoy, such as sports, hobbies and meeting with friends. For example, seeing a film or hanging out after 5 days’ study could be a good choice. If you find some time to relax and enjoy yourself, you’ll feel refreshed, have more energy, and reduce your level of stress. 1. What advice does the writer give to reduce stress in Paragraph 3? A. Stop and think. B. Manage your time. C. Watch your health. D. Reach out for help. 2. How does the writer develop Paragraph 6? A. By telling stories. B. By listing numbers. C. By asking questions. D. By giving examples. 3. Which of the following is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】本文主要介绍了一些处理压力的有用的技巧。 1.细节理解题。根据“To avoid that, time management is greatly needed.”可知，本段给出的建议是要进行时间管理，故选B。 2.细节理解题。根据“such as sports, hobbies and meeting with friends. For example...”可知，本段是通过举例子来说明，故选D。 3.篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，本文第一段总体指出有一些处理压力的有用的技巧，第二至六段分别从不同的方面介绍缓解压力的方式，故选A。 ( 22 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$