Unit 6 Mobile Phones and Our Life第3课时课件 2024-2025学年中职英语语文版（2021）基础模块2

英语·基础模块 2Grammar Unit 6 Mobile Phones and Our Life 手机和我们的生活 什么是定语从句？ 在复合句中，修饰某一个名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，通常位于定语从句之前；引导定语从句的词称为关系词，关系词起联系作用，又充当从句中的一个成分。 一、定语从句的分类 1 限定性定语从句: 直接放在先行词后，起限定作用的句子，指特定的人或物，不能用逗号与主句隔开，不能省略，如果省略，句子的意义不完整。 注意:限制性定语从句与主句之间不能用逗号隔开。 如: I like the city which is located the north of China. 一、定语从句的分类 2 非限定性定语从句: 对先行词起附加说明的句子，用逗号隔开，可以去掉，并不影响句子的完整，在非限定性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that. 注意:有时这类定语从句所修饰的不是前面某一个词，而是代表整个主句所讲的内容，通常用逗号与主句分开。 如: He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, which pleased her a lot. The Attributive Clauses 定语从句 二、定语从句的具体用法 (一) who，whom， whose，which，that的用法。 1.Who指人，在从句中作主语，不能省略。 如: The man who is talking with my father is a policeman. 2.Whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略，但如果放在介词 后或引导非限定性定语从句不能省略。 如: Mr. Smith (whom ) you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 3. Whose通常指人，也可指事物，在从句中作定语。 如: This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country. 二、定语从句的具体用法 (一) who，whom， whose，which，that的用法。 4. Which指事物，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，常可省略。 如:A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 5. that指事物，也可指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时， 常可省略。在非限定定语从句中不能用that. 如:She is the only one among us that knows French. 二、定语从句的具体用法 (二) 关系代词that与 which 1.只用 which，不用that的情况 (1) which可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。 如：The pen, which is on the desk，is very popular now. (2) which之前可以有介词，that之前不能有介词。 如:The book about which you talked is very interesting. (3)先行词是that时 如:I don't refer to that which he wants to get. 二、定语从句的具体用法 (二) 关系代词that与 which 2.只用that，不用 which的情况： (1)先行词为all，any，much，many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that。 如: Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，只能用that。 如: He was the first person that passed the exam. (3)先行词被 the only， the very， the same， the last， little，few等词修饰时，只能用that。 如: This is the very bike that I lost. 二、定语从句的具体用法 (二) 关系代词that与 which 2.只用that，不用 which的情况： (4)先行词同时含有人和物时，只能用that。 如： I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. (5)以who或 which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that 如: Who is the girl that is crying? (6) the same…that表示同一个事物 如: I wear the same shirt that my mother bought for me yesterday. 三、关系副词引导的定语从句 1. when表示时间，其先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，这些词往往是表示时间的名词。(time, day,hour，year……)。 如: From the time when he was little, he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up. 2. where表示地点，其先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，这些词往往是表示地点的名词(place, room, house, street....)。 如: This is the place where my mother was born. 3.why表示原因，常用于先行词reason后面。 如: I don't know the reason why she looks unhappy today. 四、其他方面 1.those作先行词时，表示人用连接代词who;表示物时用连接代词 which. 如:Those who want to attend the meeting write down your names. 2. There be+名词，如果名词表示人用连接代词who，如果名词表示物，用连接代词that 。 如：There is a girl who is reading a book in the classroom. 五、定语从句应该注意的问题 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定， 在“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复数。 “the only one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用单数。 David is one of whose boys who are very helpful. David is the only one of those hoys who is very helpful. 如： 五、定语从句应该注意的问题 关系代词和关系副词在从句中充当一个成分，因此，使用时要注意在从句中避免句子成分的重复出现。 Let me have a look at the dictionary that you bought yesterday.(正确) Let me have a look at the dictionary that you bought it yesterday. (错误，that和it重复) 如： 五、定语从句应该注意的问题 3. 引导定语从句的关系副词可以用“介词+ which＂来代替。即:介词+ which(先行词为时 间)＝when;介词+ which(先行词为地点)＝ where This is the room in which( where)Lu Xun once lived. 如： 定语从句翻译方法 前置翻译法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。前置翻译 法往往适用于较短的定语。 1. A smart phone has almost all the functions that a computer has. 智能手机几乎具备电脑所拥有的全部功能。 2. Those new mobile phones which you have just heard of are thinner. 你刚刚听说的那些新手机更薄了。 3. Many companies now offer services that can turn your voice mail messages into text. 许多公司现在提供可以将你的语音转换为文本的服务。 Let’s do some exercises together. 2. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. 1) This is a truck ________(who, which) is made in China. 2) l like the book_________(where, that) you bought yesterday. 3) These are the wires with_________(which, when) different machines are connected. 4) They lived in a room_________(whose, which) window opens to the south. 5) This is the town____________ (why, where) the great scientist was born. which that which whose where 谢谢观看 $$