非谓语动词导学案1-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

高中部—导学案—非谓语动词 编写：Fiona 使用时间：2024年 11月 日 非谓语动词导学案1 班级 姓名________ 1、 【学习目标】 1. 能说出非谓语动词的定义和三种主要形式 2. 梳理非谓语动词的常见用法，并能说出高考中的高频考点 2、 【导学过程】 review 谓语动词（Predicate Verb）定义： 谓语动词是句子中的核心动词，用来表示主语的动作、状态或存在。 谓语动词在句子中起着主要的动词作用，是句子的重要组成部分。 非谓语动词（Non-Predicate Verb）定义： 非谓语动词指的是动词的非谓语形式，即不具备谓语动作的特征，________(能/不能)独立构成句子的谓语部分。它们在句子中常常充当其他句子成分的补充，如名词、形容词或副词的补语，或者作为动词短语的一部分。 leading—in 功能 例句 _________ To speak English well isn’t an easy job. _________ They decided to change their mind. _________ He helps the little girl to finish her homework every day. _________ He is always the first to come and the last to leave. _________ Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children. _________ 目的 Every morning he gets up very early to exercise. 结果 He returned home，only to find his home had been stolen. 非谓语动词主要包括三类：________________、_______________、________________. 三、【自主学习】 不定式 1． 不定式的形式： 一般式：__________ 否定式：_________ 2． 不定式的功能：请判断下列不定式所做的成分 详解 Ⅰ.动词不定式作主语 动词不定式直接放_____________ e.g To learn English well is important. 常用_________作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末 e.g It’s important for us to protect the environment. Ⅱ.动词不定式作宾语 不定式放在一些动词后，直接作宾语。 She wants _______( go) abroad.她想出国。 I hope _______( see) him tomorrow. 接动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语) 英语中有些动词或动词短语应接不定式作宾语，常用的有：afford(负担得起)，agree(同意)，arrange(安排)，ask(请求)，attempt(尝试)，choose(选择)，desire(渴望)，decide/determine (决定)，expect(预计)，fail(失败；未做到)，help(帮助)，hope(希望)，intend(打算)，learn(学习)，manage(设法做成)，offer(愿意)，plan(计划)，prepare(准备)，pretend(假装)，promise(许诺；答应)，refuse(拒绝)，wish(希望)，would like/want(想要)等。 Ⅲ.作宾语补足语 在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: advise建议 allow 允许 ask要求 expect force强迫 encourage 鼓励 invite 邀请 order命令 teach 教 tell告诉 want想要 warn警告 wish希望 would like愿意 remind 提醒 My father never allows me to tell a lie. 我父亲从不允许我撒谎。 My English teacher often encourages me to study hard. 我的英语老师经常鼓励我努力学习。 【注意】还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、一帮(help)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)但变被动语态时，必须加上to 例：The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们工作了一整夜。 【巧学妙记】 巧记不带to的动词不定式作宾补的使役动词及感官动词： 一感(feel)， 二听(hear, listen to)， 三让(let, make, have)， 四看(look at, see, watch, notice) 半帮助(help)。 Ⅳ.作状语 常做___________状语 和____________状语 I went to the shop to buy some food and drinks.我去商店买些食物和饮料。 They are too tired to walk.他们太累了，走不动了。 Ⅴ.作定语 不定式做定语，放在所修饰名词_______ I have a partner to practice English with. 注意： 1、 特殊结构的不定式 结构 例句 too…to结构 She was too surprised to see how angry her father was. Not + 不定式 The teacher told the students not to play soccer on the road. 疑问词+不定式 作_____ How to solve the problem is very important. 作_____ He didn’t know what to say. 作表语 The question is where to find the water. for+名词（代词的宾格）+不定式 It is necessary for us to learn from each other. 【即时演练】： 1. Alan often goes to the old people’s home ________ up the old and take care of them. A．cheer B．cheering C．cheered D．to cheer 2. —What do you think is the best way ________ English? —We should use it every day. A． learn B．learns C．to learn D．Learning 3、The foreigner spoke very slowly and tried to make himself ________． A.understand B.understanding C.understood D.to understand 4. It’s a pleasure ________ a genius like you, Dr Einstein. A．drive B．driving C．drove D．to drive 5. —Does your mother make you ________ housework every day? —No. In fact, I offer ________ the dishes every day. A．do; to do B．doing; to do C．do; doing D．to do; doing 6. ---You look tired. Let me ________ you to carry these boxes.   ---Thank you, but I can make it. A. helping       B. help         C. helped            D. to help 动名词 一、定义：指的是动词ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词，动名词具有名词的性质 2、 动名词的功能 功能 例句 __________ Skating on the thin ice is dangerous. _________ I finished doing my homework. _________ The nurse’s job is looking after the patients. __________ She is reading in the reading room. 详解 Ⅰ.作主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃得太多对你的健康有害。 Ⅱ.作表语 My mother's job is teaching. 我母亲的工作是教学。 Ⅲ.作宾语 I don't mind listening to that story again. 我不介意再听一遍那个故事。 后常接动名词作宾语的动词： 完成练习值得忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy); 继续习惯别放弃(keep, be used to, give up);考 虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, can't help, feel like); 喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)。 Ⅳ.作定语 Let's join the singing group. 让我们加入合唱队吧。 【即时演练】： 1. Don’t forget ________ it to me when you finish reading the book. A．to bring B．bring C．bringing D．brought 2. —I have trouble ________ my new computer. —Don’t worry. I’ll show you how ________ it. A．using; using B．using; to use C．to use; to use D．to use; using 3. During our holidays, we should avoid ________ up at night. A．stay B．to stay C．stayed D．staying 4. A Lifelong Journey wins high praise from the public. I think it is well worth ________. A．watch B．to watch C．watching D．watched 5. Spend more time ________ English ________ you can get a good grade in the final exam. A．learning；so that B．to learn；so that C．learning；because D. to learn; because 温馨提示： 部分动词既可接动名词作宾语，又可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别较大。 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记得去做某事(未做) forget doing sth._________________ forget to do sth._________________ stop doing sth._________________ stop to do sth._________________ need doing sth. 需要做某事(被动含义) need to do sth. 需要去做某事(主动含义) try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 hear/see sb. doing sth. _________________ hear/see sb. do sth. _________________ mean to do sth________________ mean doing sth_____________________ 4． 【课堂任务】 Ⅰ. 当堂练习 1. My mother told me not ________ the paintings in the art museum. A. touch B. to touch C. touching 2. I promised ________ good care of the dog for my aunt when she was on business. A. to take B. take C. taking 3. Our school will❶ hold an activity ________ us a chance to share our reading experience. A. give B. gave C. to give 4. The New Year is coming. Our teachers encourage us ________ new hobbies. A. developing B．develop C. to develop 5. We can't beat the fear unless we decide ________ and ❷take action to ❸get over it. A. change B. changing C. to change 6. My English teacher gave me some advice on how ________ my spoken English. A. improve B. improving C. to improve 7. One day, the teacher told her ________ a test. A. take B. to take C. taking 8. The website for the bridge describes the walk across the bridge as “the most exciting 516 meters of your life”. Many tourists, they believe, will come ________ the fantastic experience of walking across. A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. enjoying D. to enjoy 9. I expect each of you ________ a kite that means something important to you. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 10. Young people are encouraged to work hard ________ their own dreams. A. achieve B. achieves C. to achieve D. achieved 11. After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important ________ a peaceful world. A. build B. not build C. to build D. not to build Ⅱ. 笔记默写与整理 1. 非谓语动词主要包括三类：________________、_______________、______________. 不定式 1. 不定式的形式：_____________ 否定式：____________ 1. 做主语 2. 做宾语：常接to do 做宾语的动词有____________________... 2.不定式的功能 3. _______ 4. _______ 不定式的省略：不定式在一些动词后做_______的时候，要省略to,如make sb do sth 类似动词还有：__________________________________________ 动名词 1. 定义：动名词具有___________（填词性）的性质 1. 作主语——常考_____________. 2. 作_________ 2. 动名词的功能及考点 3.作宾语——接doing 做宾语的动词有：____________ _______________________... 4.作______________ ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$