精品解析：江苏省无锡市滨湖区辅仁高级中学2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题

无锡市辅仁高中2024-2025学年第一学期高一英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which place is the man looking for? A. A drugstore. B. A bookstore. C. A bank. 2. When will the concert start? A. 6:00. B. 7:00. C. 8:00. 3. Why doesn’t the woman like the subway? A. The prices are too high. B. There are too many people. C. It doesn’t stop near her office. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Holiday plans. B. Cultural traditions. C. The size of their families. 5. What is the weather like now? A. Wet and rainy. B. Foggy and windy. C. Sunny and warm. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What surprised the woman? A. The man did well in the interview. B. The man will know the result very soon. C. They won’t make a decision until next Friday. 7. How does the man sound? A. Disappointed. B. Uncertain. C. Confident. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the woman say about the handbag? A. It cost her fifty dollars. B. She paid full price for it last month. C. She left it somewhere on the fifth floor. 9 What was one of the items in the woman’s handbag? A Her passport. B. Her car keys. C. 300 dollars cash. 10. What did the woman want to buy after she left the cafe? A. Something to eat. B. Something to read. C. Something to listen to. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What’s the discounted price of the blouse? A. $58. B. $54. C. $50. 12. What does the man say about the blouses on the Internet? A. They are cheaper. B. They are out of style. C. The quality is not as good. 13 Why does the man agree to sell the blouse for $47? A. He is in a hurry. B. Something is wrong with it. C. The woman is a regular customer. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What’s the relationship between the man and the woman? A. They are relatives. B. They are neighbors. C. They are husband and wife. 15. What can be seen at the moment in the man’s garden? A. Beans and potatoes. B. Potatoes and onions. C. Apples and tomatoes. 16. Which season is it now? A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Spring. 17. What does the man say about his wife? A. She loved to garden. B. She made great apple pies. C. Her favorite food was green vegetables. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18 Who might the woman be? A. A TV hostess. B. A news broadcaster. C The hostess of a cultural activity. 19. What did Daniel Robinson do at the age of10? A. He wrote his own music. B. He started learning the piano. C. He joined the Julliard School. 20. What will Daniel Robinson do? A. Give a speech. B. Give a concert. C. Sign some books. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Visiting is a great way to get the feel of everyday life at Harvard College. Take the chance to meet our students and explore the Cambridge/Boston area. We know that many students will not be able to visit colleges before applying (申请). As an alternative, examining our website will give you a vast amount of information about Harvard’s past, present, and future. Summer 2023 schedule (日程安排) From June 22, 2023 to August 9, 2023, all admissions (招生) information sessions and tours will start at Sanders Theater in Memorial Hall, 45 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature only one information session per day at 10:00 am, followed by a tour at 11:00 am, from Monday through Saturday. Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, 2023, July 3, 2023, July 4, 2023, August 7, 2023 or August 8, 2023. From August 10, 2023 to August 21, 2023, all admissions information sessions and tours will start at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature information sessions each weekday at 10 am and 2 pm, followed by tours of the campus at 11 am and 3 pm. Registration (报名) is strongly recommended. Information Sessions and Tours Admissions tours last about 75 minutes and focus on undergraduate (本科生) life at Harvard. They are intended for students considering entrance to the College. For historical tours, visit the Harvard Information Center. Please allow one hour before scheduled events to find parking and navigate your way across campus to Sanders Theater. Contact the Visitor Center at 617495-1551 with any questions. Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) Take a student-led tour focused on Harvard’s undergraduate programs in engineering and applied sciences. (Groups of 10 or more must email communications@fas.harvard.edu to schedule a separate tour.) Tours last about 60 minutes. For our current schedule please refer to our Visitor Center Calendar. Virtual tour of Harvard College Take our online guided tour to see the Harvard campus at any time, from any location. Student guides lead you through the places in which they live and learn including dorm rooms, classrooms, Widener Library, the freshman dining hall and more. 1. On which date can you attend the information session and go on the campus tour? A. June 27, 2023. B. July 4, 2023. C. August 9, 2023. D. August 22, 2023. 2. Who are Harvard’s admissions tours intended for? A. Exchange students from abroad. B. Undergraduates studying at the college. C. Students considering applying for the college. D. Those who are interested in the history of the college. 3. On a Harvard’s SEAS tour, ______. A. you are required to register ahead of time B. groups of 10 or more are not permitted to sign up together C. you’re advised to take the college’s online guided tour first D. you can check Visitor Center Calendar to learn about its schedule B Hailey Magee rushed home from school crying after seeing that she’d received an A-minus on her grade report card. Growing up she had learned that the way to receive confirmation (认可) and love from family members and teachers was to be a high achiever. So to Magee, that A-minus felt like a failure. “I was shattered,” she said. “In that moment, I felt like my self-worth as a human had fallen far below what it would have been if I’d gotten an A or an A-plus.” Magee’s turning a good grade into a cause of her inferiority (自卑) is a textbook example of a growing trend in recent years: Perfectionist behavior. Perfectionism is now a growing cultural phenomenon. High levels of perfectionism were linked with depression, anxiety, eating disorders and self-harm. The constant stress of attempting to be perfect can also leave people stressed and suffering from headaches and insomnia (失眠). Many parents today feel a sense of competitiveness that they may push onto their kids, whether by pressuring them to get perfect grades so they can get into top schools or engaging them in extracurricular activities that might look good on a college application. But if a child is only rewarded for high achievement, over time they learn that their value as a person depends on being perfect. Instagram, Facebook and other social media platforms also fuel unhealthy comparisons. “It’s a real problem—those social media images end up serving as standards that people can compare themselves to and a perfectionist is always trying to keep up with the Joneses (与他人攀比),” Sherry, a clinical psychologist, said. And it’s never been harder to keep up with the Joneses, because today we are constantly bombed with seemingly perfect images of other peoples’ lives. Eventually Magee learned that she had to let go a little and allow herself to show up with all her imperfections. She eventually learned to trust that she could show up, not being perfect, and still feel valued. “I can be imperfect and everything can be fine!” 4. Why did an A-minus feel like a failure to Magee? A. It was a very low grade. B. She had never got an A-minus. C. She had a high level of perfectionism. D. She needed perfect grades to get into top schools. 5. What does the underlined word “fuel” mean in paragraph 3? A. Prevent. B. Increase. C. Allow. D. Explain. 6. What may Magee agree with finally? A. It’s cool to be perfect. B. It’s fine to be imperfect. C. It’s important to get an A-plus. D. It’s easy to keep up with the Joneses. C Empathy and generosity are two traits (特征) that make the world go around. But a study suggests that the willingness to help collapses when people get too little or poor-sleep. To see how sleep affects how much humans help one another, researchers conducted three experiments designed to examine the issue from the individual to the societal (社会的) scale. Their results are published in PLOS Biology. In the first experiment, researchers performed functional MRI scans (功能性磁共振成像扫描) of the brain and asked questions to 24 adults after eight hours of sleep and after a night with no sleep. When they were well rested, the participants scored well on a helping behavior test. But after sleep loss, 78 percent had less of a desire to help others, even when it came to friends and family. The scans showed that areas of the brain associated with social cognition (认知) — our thought processes related to other people — were less active with sleep loss. The second experiment tracked 136 healthy adults over four nights and asked them questions about helping the following day. The effect held for them, too, and those who reported worse sleep quality scored worse on the tests. To test the effects on a societal level, the researchers then looked at a database (数据库) of 3 million charitable donations given between 2001 and 2016. They found that immediately following the beginning of daylight saving time (夏令时) — a sleep disrupter — donations dropped 10 percent. The effect wasn’t found in data from Hawaii or Arizona, however; neither observe daylight saving time. Why bother studying how helpful people are when we don’t get enough shut-eye? “We’re starting to see more and more studies, including this one, where the effects of sleep loss don’t just stop at the individual, but spread to those around us,” said Eti Ben Simon, a scientist at the University of California who co-wrote the study, in a news release. “If you’ re not getting enough sleep, it doesn’t just hurt your own well-being, it hurts the well-being of your entire social circle, including strangers.” There’s a silver lining to all that ungenerous behavior, he writes: Unlike personality traits, sleep can be adjusted — both getting enough and helping others do the same might make for a better world. 7. What does the underlined word “collapse” probably mean in paragraph 1? A. Disappear. B. Vary. C. Shoot. D. Decrease. 8. Which of the following statements is true according to the first experiment? A. Participants who had sufficient sleep were unwilling to aid others. B. Those who didn’t rest well were willing to help friends and family. C. The MRI scans showed that generous behavior promotes social cognition. D. About three quarters of participants were unwilling to help due to lack of sleep. 9. What does Eti Ben Simon mainly stress in last two paragraphs? A. Bettering our sleep will benefit society as a whole. B. The loss of sleep poses a major danger to individuals. C. Having enough sleep can do wonders for your constitution (体质). D. Improving sleeping quality should be given the top priority in the USA. 10. What might be the best title for the text? A. The societal impact of sleep loss B. The importance of empathy and generosity C. Too little sleep makes people less generous D. There’s a silver lining to ungenerous behavior D During the school year, Kacer works about10hours a week, juggling his job with school and cheerleading practice. But he hopes to pick up more shifts (轮班) this summer to earn extra spending money and to help his family save for his college tuition. Across the country, lawmakers are supporting new legislation (立法) that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that — by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. Ohio and other states, for example, have proposed bills that would permit teens — with their parents’ permission — to work later at night, even on school days. In some states, such as Iowa and Minnesota, legislation would allow teens to take jobs in a wider range of industries, including construction. As businesses started reopening after the global crisis, many adults left low-wage jobs for better-paying ones. “Adult workers no longer. want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous (荒唐的) schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,” Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, “so employers suddenly turned to youth.” Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. For starters, many teens must work in order to help their families make ends meet. A recent study also found that students with part-time jobs are more likely to earn higher wages in the future compared with classmates who don’t work. Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy. In addition, having a job instills responsibility in teens and could even lead to an eventual career. But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. Charlie Wishman, president of the Iowa Federation of Labor, is against his state’s bill that would allow some teens to work in manufacturing (制造业) and meatpacking facilities. “Child labor should be limited and safe,” he told reporters. “Let kids be kids. There are plenty of job opportunities right now for kids to gain experience and learn responsibility without putting them in danger.” In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work; their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying. While states continue to debate changing their child labor laws, there is one thing that many people agree-on: The country’s labor shortage, they say, could be largely solved if more employers offered better pay and benefits to adults. 11. Why do employers hire more teenagers after the global crisis (危机)? A. Because teenagers need to work to save money for further study. B. Because economic recovery creates new jobs suitable for teenagers. C. Because young employees can better cope with rude customers. D. Because adults turn to higher-paying jobs with better environment. 12. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph 4? A. Teens without work may earn less than their peers in the future. B. Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages. C. Young people can help support their families through working. D. Teenagers can learn to be responsible from working experience. 13. Which harmful effect of allowing teenagers to work more is NOT mentioned in Paragraph5? A. Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests. B. Going home late after work will pose a risk to kids’ safety. C. Students will gain working experience at the cost of study. D. Teenagers can get injured in dangerous work environment. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards loosening child labor protections? A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Indifferent (冷漠). 15. What is the article mainly about? A. Whether Kacer should pick up more shifts this summer. B. How to solve labor shortage in manufacturing industry. C. Whether youth should be given more job opportunities. D. Why people disagree with changing the child labor laws. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ask a group of kids about their favorite part of the school day and many will talk about something that happened at recess (课间休息). Maybe they finally made it across the monkey bars. Maybe somebody kicked the ball over the fence. Maybe a fruit tree in a neighboring yard started to drop apples on the playground. ____16____. It’s true not just according to kids, but also to adults who study recess for kids. Whether they’re inventing a new game or sitting under a tree, kids need a break — or several of them — during the school day. Why kids need recess ____17____. You need time away to process (处理) it. Besides, physical activity that involves arms and legs — running, climbing, crawling — builds new neural(神经的) connections, which helps kids regulate their emotions (情感). Studies show that after recess children are more attentive in class, perform better and have fewer emotional problems. How much recess kids should get “Ideally, children should get four 15-minute recesses every day”, says Debbie Rhea, a professor from Texas Christian University, who advocates (提倡) for outdoor play in schools. ____18____. It is noted that Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recently expanded (扩展) the idea to encourage recess for all students, including those in middle and high school. ____19____ In addition to simply providing enough time for recess, schools should teach skills that will make recess more successful. For instance, letting kids run fast will help them develop coordination (协调性). Maybe running up the slide (滑梯) is not as unsafe as it looks. ____20____. To allow children to take reasonable risks with their bodies is also a wise move. A. How to make recess better B. Who should help kids at recess C. This suggestion has been widely accepted D. Any one of these things is a marker of a good recess E. You can’t have your brains go hours at a time to store information F. We wouldn’t have kids sitting there for math or reading for long hours G. And even falling is something kids need to practice to avoid getting badly hurt 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Shortly after a father-and-son fight, my twelve-year-old son, Marlon, asked me if I was up for a basketball game of one-on-one. Without ____21____ much, I accepted his ____22____ which only goes to ____23____ how naïve (天真的) a dad can be. The moment he ____24____ onto the court, I realized this was not a friendly game, but a challenge. There comes a time when sons ____25____ their fathers as a symbol (象征) of ____26____. The test may be ____27____ or intellectual (智力的), but sooner or later the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man. When playing ____28____, my son is all the things I’m not; quick with a deadly shot. And I know the ____29____ will come eventually (最终). Just not today. It’s a man thing, I guess. As a father, I need to _____30_____ my impatient son an important lesson of _____31_____, courage, and pride. Therefore, I wouldn’t _____32_____ on the court or wherever. We played for quite a long time that day. I won a narrow victory and told him that he played for the wrong reasons. He _____33_____ as if he understood. A few weeks later Marlon _____34_____ me to a friendly round of videogame. Beat me soundly. And _____35_____ while he did it. 21. A. thinking B. exercising C. practicing D. caring 22. A. game B. tip C. offer D. advice 23. A. decide B. check C. describe D. prove 24. A. stepped B. landed C. drove D. fell 25. A. respect B. test C. check D. consider 26. A. boyhood B. brotherhood C. manhood D. childhood 27. A. personal B. emotional C. natural D. physical 28. A. chess B. videogames C. basketball D. football 29. A. result B. surprise C. news D. day 30. A. teach B. show C. present D. buy 31. A. teamwork B. honesty C. toughness D. victory 32. A. pull down B. back down C. lie down D. break down 33. A. waved B. stared C. left D. nodded 34. A. challenged B. forced C. attracted D. introduced 35. A. worried B. laughed C. regretted D. cried 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In traditional Chinese culture, the dragon has long been a symbol of auspiciousness (吉祥), power and mystery. ____36____ the rich heritages (遗产) of Chinese’ history, the dragon totems (图腾) in the Forbidden City are undoubtedly ____37____ amazing presence. The Forbidden City, a magnificent architectural complex (建筑群) recognized as the treasure of China, ____38____ (be) once the royal palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It stands as the world’s ____39____ (large) and most complete existing ancient wooden structure architectural complex. As one of the most important cultural totems in China, the dragon has always been a symbol of good ____40____ (fortunate). In the Forbidden City, the dragons, ____41____ leaping between beams (梁), hovering in the sky, or hidden in the details, all tell ancient stories. In each corner of the Forbidden City, lifelike dragons in various shapes can be seen, ____42____ show not only delicate craftsmanship but also deep historical and cultural significance. And more often, the dragon decorations (装饰) ____43____ (refer) to as the guardians of the Forbidden City. According to photographer Gu Caihua, those dragons carved on the ____44____ (roof) seem to be guarding the ancient palaces, while those dragons on beam s appear to be telling the historical changes. These dragons are not _____45_____ (simple) decorations; they carry the essence (精髓) of Chinese culture. 第三节 语境填词（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. His _______ (论点) was that measures should be taken to improve this situation. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 47. Nowadays, many people prefer to share their trips or _______ (冒险经历) on social media. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 48. The movie _______(拍摄) in black and white was popular among the 70s. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 49. His poor method of learning made him unable to deal with the problems in his work________(灵活地). (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 50. She won the highest prize awarded to one of the university’s _______(毕业生). (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 51. There are many reasons a_______ for his failure in the examination. (根据首字母单词拼写) 52. They sat at the table with their attention f_______ on the books in front of them. (根据首字母单词拼写) 53. I found it challenging to s_______ a suitable job in big companies. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54. The courses well received by parents are t_______ at broadening children’s horizons. (根据首字母单词拼写) 55. In r_______ to the growing trend of remote work, many companies allow employees to work from home. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第四部分写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是学校心理咨询室的老师Tina，你的学生Li Hua因不知道该怎么和朋友交流，处理不好人际关系而闷闷不乐。她向你求助，请你给她一些建议，内容包括： 1.表示安慰；2.提出建议；3.予以鼓励。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Li Hua, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Tina 第二节 微写作（满分15分） 57. 随着青少年的成长，青少年与父母之间激烈的争吵和冷淡的沉默十分常见。青少年的生理变化可能会引发家庭矛盾，使父母成为他们愤怒的对象。此外，平衡青少年日益增长的需求也是一个令人头疼的问题，他们不仅强烈渴望独立，还希望继续得到父母的爱与支持，这往往会导致亲子关系的破裂。解决这一问题的关键在于要从父母的角度理解情况，并在冲突发生时学会退让。定期进行坦诚的沟通也是一个更好的选择，他们可以冷静地解释自己的行为和感受。如果他们及时采取行动，一切都会好起来的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 无锡市辅仁高中2024-2025学年第一学期高一英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which place is the man looking for? A. A drugstore. B. A bookstore. C. A bank. 2. When will the concert start? A. 6:00. B. 7:00. C. 8:00. 3. Why doesn’t the woman like the subway? A. The prices are too high. B. There are too many people. C. It doesn’t stop near her office. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Holiday plans. B. Cultural traditions. C. The size of their families. 5. What is the weather like now? A. Wet and rainy. B. Foggy and windy. C. Sunny and warm. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What surprised the woman? A. The man did well in the interview. B. The man will know the result very soon. C. They won’t make a decision until next Friday. 7. How does the man sound? A. Disappointed. B. Uncertain. C. Confident. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the woman say about the handbag? A. It cost her fifty dollars. B. She paid full price for it last month. C. She left it somewhere on the fifth floor. 9. What was one of the items in the woman’s handbag? A. Her passport. B. Her car keys. C. 300 dollars cash. 10. What did the woman want to buy after she left the cafe? A. Something to eat. B. Something to read. C. Something to listen to. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What’s the discounted price of the blouse? A. $58. B. $54. C. $50. 12. What does the man say about the blouses on the Internet? A. They are cheaper. B. They are out of style. C. The quality is not as good. 13. Why does the man agree to sell the blouse for $47? A. He is in a hurry. B. Something is wrong with it. C. The woman is a regular customer. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What’s the relationship between the man and the woman? A. They are relatives. B. They are neighbors. C. They are husband and wife. 15. What can be seen at the moment in the man’s garden? A. Beans and potatoes. B. Potatoes and onions. C. Apples and tomatoes. 16. Which season is it now? A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Spring. 17. What does the man say about his wife? A. She loved to garden. B. She made great apple pies. C. Her favorite food was green vegetables. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Who might the woman be? A. A TV hostess. B. A news broadcaster. C. The hostess of a cultural activity. 19. What did Daniel Robinson do at the age of10? A. He wrote his own music. B. He started learning the piano. C. He joined the Julliard School. 20. What will Daniel Robinson do? A. Give a speech. B. Give a concert. C. Sign some books. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Visiting is a great way to get the feel of everyday life at Harvard College. Take the chance to meet our students and explore the Cambridge/Boston area. We know that many students will not be able to visit colleges before applying (申请). As an alternative, examining our website will give you a vast amount of information about Harvard’s past, present, and future. Summer 2023 schedule (日程安排) From June 22, 2023 to August 9, 2023, all admissions (招生) information sessions and tours will start at Sanders Theater in Memorial Hall, 45 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature only one information session per day at 10:00 am, followed by a tour at 11:00 am, from Monday through Saturday. Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, 2023, July 3, 2023, July 4, 2023, August 7, 2023 or August 8, 2023. From August 10, 2023 to August 21, 2023, all admissions information sessions and tours will start at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature information sessions each weekday at 10 am and 2 pm, followed by tours of the campus at 11 am and 3 pm. Registration (报名) is strongly recommended. Information Sessions and Tours Admissions tours last about 75 minutes and focus on undergraduate (本科生) life at Harvard. They are intended for students considering entrance to the College. For historical tours, visit the Harvard Information Center. Please allow one hour before scheduled events to find parking and navigate your way across campus to Sanders Theater. Contact the Visitor Center at 617495-1551 with any questions. Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) Take a student-led tour focused on Harvard’s undergraduate programs in engineering and applied sciences. (Groups of 10 or more must email communications@fas.harvard.edu to schedule a separate tour.) Tours last about 60 minutes. For our current schedule please refer to our Visitor Center Calendar. Virtual tour of Harvard College Take our online guided tour to see the Harvard campus at any time, from any location. Student guides lead you through the places in which they live and learn including dorm rooms, classrooms, Widener Library, the freshman dining hall and more. 1. On which date can you attend the information session and go on the campus tour? A. June 27, 2023. B. July 4, 2023. C. August 9, 2023. D. August 22, 2023. 2. Who are Harvard’s admissions tours intended for? A. Exchange students from abroad. B. Undergraduates studying at the college. C. Students considering applying for the college. D. Those who are interested in the history of the college. 3. On a Harvard’s SEAS tour, ______. A. you are required to register ahead of time B. groups of 10 or more are not permitted to sign up together C. you’re advised to take the college’s online guided tour first D. you can check Visitor Center Calendar to learn about its schedule 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一些关于哈佛学院参观活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由Summer 2023 schedule中“From June 22, 2023 to August 9, 2023, all admissions (招生) information sessions and tours will start at Sanders Theater in Memorial Hall, 45 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature only one information session per day at 10:00 am, followed by a tour at 11:00 am, from Monday through Saturday. Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, 2023, July 3, 2023, July 4, 2023, August 7, 2023 or August 8, 2023.(从2023年6月22日到2023年8月9日，所有招生信息会议和参观活动都将在马萨诸塞州剑桥昆西街45号纪念馆的桑德斯剧院开始。日程安排每天上午10:00只进行一次信息会议，然后在周一至周六上午11:00进行参观。信息会议和参观将不会在2023年6月27日、2023年7月3日、2023年7月4日、2023年8月7日或2023年8月8日提供。)”以及结合选项可知，在2023年8月9可以参加招生信息会议和校园参观活动。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由Information Sessions and Tours中“They are intended for students considering entrance to the College. For historical tours, visit the Harvard Information Center.(它们是为考虑进入学院的学生准备的。历史之旅，请访问哈佛信息中心。)”可知，哈佛大学的招生之旅旨在为考虑进入该学院的学生准备。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS)中“For our current schedule please refer to our Visitor Center Calendar.(关于我们目前的日程安排，请参阅我们的游客中心日历。)”可知，游客可以查看游客中心日历以了解其日程安排。故选D项。 B Hailey Magee rushed home from school crying after seeing that she’d received an A-minus on her grade report card. Growing up she had learned that the way to receive confirmation (认可) and love from family members and teachers was to be a high achiever. So to Magee, that A-minus felt like a failure. “I was shattered,” she said. “In that moment, I felt like my self-worth as a human had fallen far below what it would have been if I’d gotten an A or an A-plus.” Magee’s turning a good grade into a cause of her inferiority (自卑) is a textbook example of a growing trend in recent years: Perfectionist behavior. Perfectionism is now a growing cultural phenomenon. High levels of perfectionism were linked with depression, anxiety, eating disorders and self-harm. The constant stress of attempting to be perfect can also leave people stressed and suffering from headaches and insomnia (失眠). Many parents today feel a sense of competitiveness that they may push onto their kids, whether by pressuring them to get perfect grades so they can get into top schools or engaging them in extracurricular activities that might look good on a college application. But if a child is only rewarded for high achievement, over time they learn that their value as a person depends on being perfect. Instagram, Facebook and other social media platforms also fuel unhealthy comparisons. “It’s a real problem—those social media images end up serving as standards that people can compare themselves to and a perfectionist is always trying to keep up with the Joneses (与他人攀比),” Sherry, a clinical psychologist, said. And it’s never been harder to keep up with the Joneses, because today we are constantly bombed with seemingly perfect images of other peoples’ lives. Eventually Magee learned that she had to let go a little and allow herself to show up with all her imperfections. She eventually learned to trust that she could show up, not being perfect, and still feel valued. “I can be imperfect and everything can be fine!” 4. Why did an A-minus feel like a failure to Magee? A. It was a very low grade. B. She had never got an A-minus. C. She had a high level of perfectionism. D. She needed perfect grades to get into top schools. 5. What does the underlined word “fuel” mean in paragraph 3? A. Prevent. B. Increase. C. Allow. D. Explain. 6. What may Magee agree with finally? A. It’s cool to be perfect. B. It’s fine to be imperfect. C. It’s important to get an A-plus. D. It’s easy to keep up with the Joneses. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章从小女孩Hailey Magee看到成绩单上的A-而伤心哭泣甚至崩溃，引出话题——这个时代，父母把竞争意识强加给孩子，以及社交媒体可以让人们不断地将自己的生活与他人的生活进行比较，完美主义不断被放大并且在危害人们的身心健康。Hailey Magee理解了完美主义背后的原因以及危害，最后接受了自己的不完美。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Growing up she had learned that the way to receive confirmation(认可) and love from family members and teachers was to be a high achiever. So to Magee, that A-minus felt like a failure.（在她成长的过程中,她了解到,获得家庭成员和教师的确认和爱的方式是一个很高的成就。对Magee来说,A-就像是失败了。）”可知，A-minus对Magee来说就像是失败，因为她有很高的完美主义。故选C。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“It’s a real problem—those social media images end up serving as standards that people can compare themselves to and a perfectionist is always trying to keep up with the Joneses(与他人攀比),（这是一个真正的问题,那些社交媒体的图像最终是人们可以比较自己和一个完美主义者的标准,总是试图跟上琼斯的关系,）”，可知，媒体助长了不健康的比较，所以划线词的意思是“助长，促进”。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Eventually Magee learned that she had to let go a little and allow herself to show up with all her imperfections. She eventually learned to trust that she could show up, not being perfect, and still feel valued. ‘I can be imperfect and everything can be fine!’（最终,Magee学会了,她不得不放手,让自己看到她所有的不完美。她最终学会了相信她能出现,而不是完美,而且仍然感到有价值。“我可以不完美,一切都很好!”）”可知，小女孩Hailey Magee最后接受了自己的不完美。故选B。 C Empathy and generosity are two traits (特征) that make the world go around. But a study suggests that the willingness to help collapses when people get too little or poor-sleep. To see how sleep affects how much humans help one another, researchers conducted three experiments designed to examine the issue from the individual to the societal (社会的) scale. Their results are published in PLOS Biology. In the first experiment, researchers performed functional MRI scans (功能性磁共振成像扫描) of the brain and asked questions to 24 adults after eight hours of sleep and after a night with no sleep. When they were well rested, the participants scored well on a helping behavior test. But after sleep loss, 78 percent had less of a desire to help others, even when it came to friends and family. The scans showed that areas of the brain associated with social cognition (认知) — our thought processes related to other people — were less active with sleep loss. The second experiment tracked 136 healthy adults over four nights and asked them questions about helping the following day. The effect held for them, too, and those who reported worse sleep quality scored worse on the tests. To test the effects on a societal level, the researchers then looked at a database (数据库) of 3 million charitable donations given between 2001 and 2016. They found that immediately following the beginning of daylight saving time (夏令时) — a sleep disrupter — donations dropped 10 percent. The effect wasn’t found in data from Hawaii or Arizona, however; neither observe daylight saving time. Why bother studying how helpful people are when we don’t get enough shut-eye? “We’re starting to see more and more studies, including this one, where the effects of sleep loss don’t just stop at the individual, but spread to those around us,” said Eti Ben Simon, a scientist at the University of California who co-wrote the study, in a news release. “If you’ re not getting enough sleep, it doesn’t just hurt your own well-being, it hurts the well-being of your entire social circle, including strangers.” There’s a silver lining to all that ungenerous behavior, he writes: Unlike personality traits, sleep can be adjusted — both getting enough and helping others do the same might make for a better world. 7 What does the underlined word “collapse” probably mean in paragraph 1? A. Disappear. B. Vary. C. Shoot. D. Decrease. 8. Which of the following statements is true according to the first experiment? A. Participants who had sufficient sleep were unwilling to aid others. B. Those who didn’t rest well were willing to help friends and family. C. The MRI scans showed that generous behavior promotes social cognition. D. About three quarters of participants were unwilling to help due to lack of sleep. 9. What does Eti Ben Simon mainly stress in last two paragraphs? A. Bettering our sleep will benefit society as a whole. B. The loss of sleep poses a major danger to individuals. C. Having enough sleep can do wonders for your constitution (体质). D. Improving sleeping quality should be given the top priority in the USA. 10. What might be the best title for the text? A. The societal impact of sleep loss B. The importance of empathy and generosity C. Too little sleep makes people less generous D. There’s a silver lining to ungenerous behavior 【答案】7. D 8. D 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，睡眠的充足情况会影响人们帮助他人的意愿。 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“when people get too little or poor-sleep(当人们睡眠太少或睡眠不足时)”和第三段中的“But after sleep loss, 78 percent had less of a desire to help others, even when it came to friends and family.(但在睡眠不足之后，78%的人帮助他人的意愿就会减少，即使是朋友和家人)”可推知，当人们睡眠太少或睡眠不佳时，帮助别人的意愿就会降低。由此可知，划线词collapse和decrease(减少，降低)意思接近。故选D。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But after sleep loss, 78 percent had less of a desire to help others, even when it came to friends and family.(但在睡眠不足之后，78%的人帮助他人的意愿就会减少，即使是朋友和家人)”可知，第一个实验表明，在睡眠不足的情况下，有78%的人，即大约四分之三的参与者由于缺乏睡眠而不愿意帮忙。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““We’re starting to see more and more studies, including this one, where the effects of sleep loss don’t just stop at the individual, but spread to those around us,” said Eti Ben Simon, a scientist at the University of California who co-wrote the study, in a news release. “If you’ re not getting enough sleep, it doesn’t just hurt your own well-being, it hurts the well-being of your entire social circle, including strangers.”(“我们开始看到越来越多的研究，包括这项研究，其中睡眠不足的影响不仅局限于个人，还蔓延到我们周围的人，”加州大学的科学家Eti Ben Simon在一份新闻稿中说，他参与撰写了这项研究。“如果你睡眠不足，这不仅会伤害你自己的健康，还会伤害你整个社会圈的健康，包括陌生人。”)”和最后一段中的“Unlike personality traits, sleep can be adjusted — both getting enough and helping others do the same might make for a better world.(与性格特征不同，睡眠是可以调整的——获得足够的睡眠和帮助他人也获得足够睡眠可能会让世界变得更美好)”可知，Eti Ben Simon认为睡眠不足不仅仅影响自己，还会影响周围的人，会伤害整个社会圈，获得足够睡眠可以帮助让世界变得更美好。由此推知，改善睡眠质量对整个社会有益。故选A。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Empathy and generosity are two traits(特征) that make the world go around. But a study suggests that the willingness to help collapses when people get too little- or poor-sleep.(同理心和慷慨是让世界运转的两个特征。但一项研究表明，当人们睡眠过少或睡眠不佳时，帮助他人的意愿就会降低)”可知，本文主要讲述了睡眠不足会影响人们帮助他人的意愿。由此可知，C项“睡眠过少会让人变得不那么慷慨”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 D During the school year, Kacer works about10hours a week, juggling his job with school and cheerleading practice. But he hopes to pick up more shifts (轮班) this summer to earn extra spending money and to help his family save for his college tuition. Across the country, lawmakers are supporting new legislation (立法) that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that — by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. Ohio and other states, for example, have proposed bills that would permit teens — with their parents’ permission — to work later at night, even on school days. In some states, such as Iowa and Minnesota, legislation would allow teens to take jobs in a wider range of industries, including construction. As businesses started reopening after the global crisis, many adults left low-wage jobs for better-paying ones. “Adult workers no longer. want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous (荒唐的) schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,” Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, “so employers suddenly turned to youth.” Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. For starters, many teens must work in order to help their families make ends meet. A recent study also found that students with part-time jobs are more likely to earn higher wages in the future compared with classmates who don’t work. Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy. In addition, having a job instills responsibility in teens and could even lead to an eventual career. But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. Charlie Wishman, president of the Iowa Federation of Labor, is against his state’s bill that would allow some teens to work in manufacturing (制造业) and meatpacking facilities. “Child labor should be limited and safe,” he told reporters. “Let kids be kids. There are plenty of job opportunities right now for kids to gain experience and learn responsibility without putting them in danger.” In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work; their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying. While states continue to debate changing their child labor laws, there is one thing that many people agree-on: The country’s labor shortage, they say, could be largely solved if more employers offered better pay and benefits to adults. 11. Why do employers hire more teenagers after the global crisis (危机)? A. Because teenagers need to work to save money for further study. B. Because economic recovery creates new jobs suitable for teenagers. C. Because young employees can better cope with rude customers. D. Because adults turn to higher-paying jobs with better environment. 12. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph 4? A. Teens without work may earn less than their peers in the future. B. Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages. C. Young people can help support their families through working. D. Teenagers can learn to be responsible from working experience. 13. Which harmful effect of allowing teenagers to work more is NOT mentioned in Paragraph5? A. Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests. B. Going home late after work will pose a risk to kids’ safety. C. Students will gain working experience at the cost of study. D. Teenagers can get injured in dangerous work environment. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards loosening child labor protections? A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Indifferent (冷漠). 15. What is the article mainly about? A. Whether Kacer should pick up more shifts this summer. B. How to solve labor shortage in manufacturing industry. C. Whether youth should be given more job opportunities. D. Why people disagree with changing the child labor laws. 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了是否应该为青少年提供更多的工作机会，介绍了支持者和反对者的观点。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“As businesses started reopening after the global crisis, many adults left low-wage jobs for better-paying ones. “Adult workers no longer want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous (荒唐的) schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,”Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, “so employers suddenly turned to youth.”(随着企业在全球危机后复工，许多成年人放弃了低工资的工作，转而从事收入更高的工作。劳动力专家Alicia Sasser Modestino告诉记者：“成年工人不再想要这种工作时间荒唐、薪水低、福利少、顾客粗鲁的服务工作了，所以雇主突然转向青少年。”)”可知，全球金融危机后，雇主雇佣更多的青少年是因为成年工人转向更高薪酬、环境更好的工作。故选D项。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy.(此外，专家们补充说，工作的青少年可能会花费更多，这有助于经济)”可知，工作的青少年会花费更多工资，从而促进经济增长，而不是通过储蓄工资来促进经济增长。B选项“Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages.(工作的青少年通过储蓄工资促进经济增长)”表述错误。故选B项。 13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home.(他们说，青少年晚上工作到很晚会引发安全问题，比如他们如何回家)”可知，工作晚回家会对孩子的安全构成威胁；根据“And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death.(他们补充说，立法者希望向青少年开放的一些工作可能会使年轻人面临受伤或死亡的风险)”可知，危险的工作环境可能会使青少年受伤；根据“In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work; their education will suffer.(此外，一些家长和教育工作者担心，如果青少年把更多时间花在工作上，他们的教育将受到影响)”可知，学生可能会以牺牲学业为代价来获得工作经验。A选项“Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests.(繁重的工作将使学生几乎没有时间去探索兴趣)”并未在第五段中提及。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While states continue to debate changing their child labor laws, there is one thing that many people agree-on: The country’s labor shortage, they say, could be largely solved if more employers offered better pay and benefits to adults.(虽然各州仍在就修改童工保护法进行辩论，但有一件事是许多人一致同意的：他们说，如果更多的雇主为成年人提供更好的薪酬和福利，那么国家的劳动力短缺问题将在很大程度上得到解决)”可知，作者认为解决劳动力短缺的关键在于为成年人提供更好的薪酬和福利，而不是通过放宽对青少年的保护来增加劳动力，由此可推断出，作者对放宽童工保护持反对意见。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Across the country, lawmakers are supporting new legislation (立法) that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that — by loosening some child labor protections at the state level.(在全国各地，立法者正在支持一项新的立法，允许像Kacer这样的青少年这样做——在国家层面放宽一些童工保护)”可知，文章主要讨论了是否应该放宽童工保护，为青少年提供更多的工作机会，介绍了支持者和反对者的观点。C选项“Whether youth should be given more job opportunities.(是否应该为青少年提供更多的工作机会)”概括了文章主旨。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ask a group of kids about their favorite part of the school day and many will talk about something that happened at recess (课间休息). Maybe they finally made it across the monkey bars. Maybe somebody kicked the ball over the fence. Maybe a fruit tree in a neighboring yard started to drop apples on the playground. ____16____. It’s true not just according to kids, but also to adults who study recess for kids. Whether they’re inventing a new game or sitting under a tree, kids need a break — or several of them — during the school day. Why kids need recess ____17____. You need time away to process (处理) it. Besides, physical activity that involves arms and legs — running, climbing, crawling — builds new neural(神经的) connections, which helps kids regulate their emotions (情感). Studies show that after recess children are more attentive in class, perform better and have fewer emotional problems. How much recess kids should get “Ideally, children should get four 15-minute recesses every day”, says Debbie Rhea, a professor from Texas Christian University, who advocates (提倡) for outdoor play in schools. ____18____. It is noted that Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recently expanded (扩展) the idea to encourage recess for all students, including those in middle and high school. ____19____ In addition to simply providing enough time for recess, schools should teach skills that will make recess more successful. For instance, letting kids run fast will help them develop coordination (协调性). Maybe running up the slide (滑梯) is not as unsafe as it looks. ____20____. To allow children to take reasonable risks with their bodies is also a wise move. A. How to make recess better B. Who should help kids at recess C. This suggestion has been widely accepted D. Any one of these things is a marker of a good recess E. You can’t have your brains go hours at a time to store information F. We wouldn’t have kids sitting there for math or reading for long hours G. And even falling is something kids need to practice to avoid getting badly hurt 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子的课间休息活动。 【16题详解】 上文“Maybe they finally made it across the monkey bars. Maybe somebody kicked the ball over the fence. Maybe a fruit tree in a neighboring yard started to drop apples on the playground.(也许他们终于爬过了单杠。也许有人把球踢过了栅栏。也许邻居家院子里的一棵果树开始在操场上掉苹果。)”列举了孩子们的课间休息可能会做的一些事情，D选项“Any one of these things is a marker of a good recess.(这些事情中的任何一件都是一个良好休息的标志)”是对这些事例的总结，句中“these things”指代上文中所描述的三件事，上下文语意连贯。故选D。 【17题详解】 小标题“Why kids need recess (孩子们为什么需要课间休息)”提出问题。E项“You can’t have your brains go hours at a time to store information(你不能让你的大脑一次工作几个小时来存储信息)”和下文“You need time away to process (处理) it.(你需要时间来处理它。)”给出答案：大脑需要时间来处理信息，上下文语意连贯。故选E。 18题详解】 上文““Ideally, children should get four 15-minute recesses every day”, says Debbie Rhea, a professor from Texas Christian University, who advocates (提倡) for outdoor play in schools.(“理想情况下，孩子们每天应该有四次15分钟的休息时间，”德克萨斯州基督教大学的教授Debbie Rhea说，她倡导在学校进行户外活动)”提出德克萨斯州基督教大学的教授Debbie Rhea的建议：在学校进行户外活动。下文“It is noted that Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recently expanded (扩展) the idea to encourage recess for all students, including those in middle and high school.(值得注意的是，美国疾病控制与预防中心最近扩大了这一理念，鼓励所有学生休息，包括初高中学生。)”可知这一建议得到推广。C选项“This recommendation has been widely accepted.(这一建议已被广泛接受)”承上启下，说明建议得到认可，进而引出下文的推而广之。句中的“This recommendation”指代上文的建议；“has been widely accepted”照应下文“expanded the idea”。故选C。 【19题详解】 设空处是本段小标题，根据下文“In addition to simply providing enough time for recess, schools should teach skills that will make recess more successful. For instance, letting kids run fast will help them develop coordination (协调性).(除了提供足够的休息时间外，学校还应该教授使休息更成功的技巧。例如，让孩子跑得快有助于他们发展协调能力)”可知，本段主要讲有课间休息时间还不够，还需要提升课间休息品质。A选项“How to Make Recess Better.(如何让休息变得更好)”概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题。故选A。 【20题详解】 上文“Maybe running up the slide (滑梯) is not as unsafe as it looks. (也许滑滑梯并不像看起来那么不安全。)”提到滑滑梯的安全性，下文“To allow children to take reasonable risks with their bodies is also a wise move.(允许孩子们用他们的身体承担合理的风险也是一个明智的举动。)”提出要允许孩子身体承担一定的风险。G选项“And even falling is something kids need to practice to avoid getting badly hurt(甚至摔倒也是孩子们需要练习的事情，以避免受到严重伤害)”承上启下，由“在滑滑梯上可能摔倒”过渡的“允许孩子们用他们的身体承担合理的风险”这一观点。句中“falling”与下文“reasonable risks”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Shortly after a father-and-son fight, my twelve-year-old son, Marlon, asked me if I was up for a basketball game of one-on-one. Without ____21____ much, I accepted his ____22____ which only goes to ____23____ how naïve (天真的) a dad can be. The moment he ____24____ onto the court, I realized this was not a friendly game, but a challenge. There comes a time when sons ____25____ their fathers as a symbol (象征) of ____26____. The test may be ____27____ or intellectual (智力的), but sooner or later the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man. When playing ____28____, my son is all the things I’m not; quick with a deadly shot. And I know the ____29____ will come eventually (最终). Just not today. It’s a man thing, I guess. As a father, I need to _____30_____ my impatient son an important lesson of _____31_____, courage, and pride. Therefore, I wouldn’t _____32_____ on the court or wherever. We played for quite a long time that day. I won a narrow victory and told him that he played for the wrong reasons. He _____33_____ as if he understood. A few weeks later Marlon _____34_____ me to a friendly round of videogame. Beat me soundly. And _____35_____ while he did it. 21. A. thinking B. exercising C. practicing D. caring 22. A. game B. tip C. offer D. advice 23. A. decide B. check C. describe D. prove 24. A. stepped B. landed C. drove D. fell 25. A. respect B. test C. check D. consider 26. A. boyhood B. brotherhood C. manhood D. childhood 27. A. personal B. emotional C. natural D. physical 28. A. chess B. videogames C. basketball D. football 29. A. result B. surprise C. news D. day 30. A. teach B. show C. present D. buy 31. A. teamwork B. honesty C. toughness D. victory 32. A. pull down B. back down C. lie down D. break down 33. A. waved B. stared C. left D. nodded 34. A. challenged B. forced C. attracted D. introduced 35 A. worried B. laughed C. regretted D. cried 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一片记叙文。文章讲述了作者12岁的儿子为证明自己的男子气概，向作者提出一对一篮球挑战赛，作者借机教育了儿子，并给他上了生动的一课。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有多想，我接受了他的提议，这只能证明一个父亲是多么天真。A. thinking思考；B. exercising锻炼；C. practicing练习；D. caring照顾。根据上文“Shortly after a father-and-son fight, my twelve-year-old son, Marlon, asked me if I was up for a basketball game of one-on-one.”和下文“how naïve (天真的) a dad can be”可知，作者后来感慨自己之前的天真，说明对于12岁儿子的“挑衅”他没有多想，答应得太爽快了。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有多想，我接受了他的提议，这只能证明一个父亲是多么天真。A. game游戏；B. tip提示；C. offer主动提议；D. advice建议。根据上文“my twelve-year-old son, Marlon, asked me if I was up for a basketball game of one-on-one”可知，这是十二岁的儿子主动提出的一对一篮球赛。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有多想，我接受了他的提议，这只能证明一个父亲是多么天真。A. decide决定；B. check检查；C. describe描述；D. prove证明。根据下文“how naive (天真的) a dad can be”和下文“The moment he ____ onto the court, I realized this was not a friendly game, but a challenge.”可知，上了球场后，作者才发现这不是自己以为的友谊赛，而是一场挑战，这证明了自己的天真。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他踏上球场的那一刻，我意识到这不是一场友谊赛，而是一场挑战。A. stepped步入，踏入；B. landed降落；C. drove驱动；D. fell跌倒。根据“onto the court”可知，儿子踏入球场。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：总有一天，儿子会把考验他们的父亲作为自己男子气概的象征。A. respect尊重；B. test考验；C. check检查；D. consider考虑。根据下文“The test may be ____ or intellectual (智力的), but sooner or later the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man.”可知，总有一天儿子会为了证明自己的男子气概而考验父亲；test是原词复现。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析句意：总有一天，儿子会把考验他们的父亲作为男子气概的象征。A. boyhood童年；B. brotherhood兄弟情谊；C. manhood男子气概；D. childhood童年。根据下文“the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man.”可知，年轻人打败老人成为一个真正的男人，即儿子会把考验父亲作为自己男子气概的象征。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：测试可能是身体上的，也可能是智力上的，但年轻人迟早会打败老人，成为一个真正的男人。A. personal个人的；B. emotional情绪的；C. natural天然的；D. physical身体上的。对男子气概的测试，有可能是身体上的“physical”或者智力上的。儿子通过篮球挑战父亲，即为身体上的测试。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在篮球比赛中，儿子比父亲有绝对优势，速度快，且有致命一投。A. chess国际象棋；B. videogame电子游戏；C. basketball篮球；D. football足球。根据上文“a basketball game of one-on-one”可知，他们进行的是篮球比赛，故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道那一天终究会到来。A. result结果；B. surprise惊讶；C. news新闻；D. day一天。根据上文“The test may be ____ or intellectual (智力的), but sooner or later the young man is to defeat the old one and becomes a real man.”和句中“will come eventually (最终).”可知，作者知道自己的儿子挑战自己的那一天终将到来。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为父亲有必要给毛头小子上一课，让他切身体会有韧性、有勇气、有自尊。A. teach教；B. show显示；C. present颁发；D. buy购买。根据下文“an important lesson”可知，作者是想给儿子上重要的一课，故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为父亲有必要给毛头小子上一课，让他切身体会有韧性、有勇气、有自尊。A. teamwork团队合作；B. honesty诚实；C. toughness韧性；D. victory胜利。根据句中“courage, and pride”和下文“We played for quite a long time that day.”可知，那天作者和儿子打球很长时间，作者的目的除了培养其勇气和自尊，还想培养儿子的韧性。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析.句意：因此，我不会在球场上或任何地方退缩。A. pull down拉下；B. back down退缩；C. lie down躺下；D. break down 崩溃。根据上文“I need to ____ my impatient son an important lesson of”可知，作者是要给儿子上重要的一课，因此，他自己是不能退缩的。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他点了点头，仿佛明白了。A. waved挥动；B. stared盯着；C. left离开；D. nodded点头。根据下文“as if he understood.”可知，作者给儿子指出问题，儿子点头好像领悟了意思。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，马龙向我发起了一场友好的电子游戏挑战。A. challenged挑战；B. forced强迫；C. attracted吸引；D. introduced介绍。根据句中“me to a friendly round of videogam”和下文“Beat me soundly.”可知，经过篮球一战，儿子又友好地挑战父亲打游戏。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次儿子如愿赢了，笑了起来。A. worried担心；B. laughed笑了；C. regretted遗憾；D. cried哭泣。根据“he did it”可知，儿子打败了父亲，所以笑了起来，故选B项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In traditional Chinese culture, the dragon has long been a symbol of auspiciousness (吉祥), power and mystery. ____36____ the rich heritages (遗产) of Chinese’ history, the dragon totems (图腾) in the Forbidden City are undoubtedly ____37____ amazing presence. The Forbidden City, a magnificent architectural complex (建筑群) recognized as the treasure of China, ____38____ (be) once the royal palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It stands as the world’s ____39____ (large) and most complete existing ancient wooden structure architectural complex. As one of the most important cultural totems in China, the dragon has always been a symbol of good ____40____ (fortunate). In the Forbidden City, the dragons, ____41____ leaping between beams (梁), hovering in the sky, or hidden in the details, all tell ancient stories. In each corner of the Forbidden City, lifelike dragons in various shapes can be seen, ____42____ show not only delicate craftsmanship but also deep historical and cultural significance. And more often, the dragon decorations (装饰) ____43____ (refer) to as the guardians of the Forbidden City. According to photographer Gu Caihua, those dragons carved on the ____44____ (roof) seem to be guarding the ancient palaces, while those dragons on beam s appear to be telling the historical changes. These dragons are not _____45_____ (simple) decorations; they carry the essence (精髓) of Chinese culture. 【答案】36. Among##Of 37. an 38. was 39. largest 40. fortune 41. or 42. which 43. are referred 44. roofs 45. simply 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统文化中龙的象征意义以及故宫中龙图腾的文化内涵和历史意义。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：在中国丰富的历史遗产中，紫禁城的龙图腾无疑是一个令人惊叹的存在。根据句意可知，表示“在……之中”，用介词among或者of；句首单词首字母大写。故填Among或Of。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为中国丰富历史遗产的一部分，故宫中的龙图腾无疑是一种令人惊叹的存在。presence在句中表示“一种存在”，泛指，且空格后单词amazing以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：故宫是一座宏伟的建筑群，被誉为中国的瑰宝，曾是明清两代的皇宫。提示词是谓语动词，根据“once the royal palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties”可知，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态，主语The Forbidden City是专有名词，谓语动词用单数。故填was。 【39题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：它是世界上最大的、现存最完整的古代木结构建筑群。根据后文“and most complete existing ancient wooden structure architectural complex”以及常识可知，故宫是世界上最大的古代木结构建筑群，应用形容词最高级largest作定语。故填largest。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为中国最重要的文化图腾之一，龙一直是好运的象征。提示词作介词of的宾语，用名词为fortune，意为“运气”，为不可数名词。故填fortune。 【41题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：在紫禁城里，无论是在梁间跳跃，在空中盘旋，还是隐藏在细节中，龙都讲述着古老的故事。复合连词whether... or...引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……还是……”。故填whether。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在故宫的每一个角落，都可以看到各种形状的栩栩如生的龙，它们不仅展示了精湛的工艺，还展示了深厚的历史和文化意义。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词dragons，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：而且，龙纹更常被视为故宫的守护者。refer(描述)是句中谓语动词，与主语the dragon decorations之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are referred。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：据摄影师谷才华介绍，那些雕刻在屋顶上的龙似乎在守护着古老的宫殿，而那些在梁上的龙似乎在讲述着历史变迁。可数名词roof(屋顶)作介词on的宾语，根据句意，龙雕刻在很多屋顶上，用复数形式。故填roofs。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些龙不仅仅是简单的装饰；它们承载着中国文化的精髓。提示词修饰谓语动词are，用副词simply作状语，意为“仅仅”。故填simply。 第三节 语境填词（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. His _______ (论点) was that measures should be taken to improve this situation. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 【答案】argument 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他论点是，应该采取措施改善这种情况。根据汉语提示，这里应用argument，为可数名词。根据空后的was可知，这里应用名词单数，作主语。故填argument。 47. Nowadays, many people prefer to share their trips or _______ (冒险经历) on social media. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 【答案】adventures 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，许多人更喜欢在社交媒体上分享他们的旅行或冒险经历。根据汉语提示，这里用名词adventure，为可数名词。空处和or前面的trips并列作share的宾语，用名词复数。故填adventures。 48. The movie _______(拍摄) in black and white was popular among the 70s. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 【答案】shot 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这部拍摄的黑白电影在70年代很受欢迎。根据汉语提示，这里应用及物动词shoot。本句的谓语是was，所以空处用非谓语动词。逻辑主语The movie和shoot之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词shot作后置定语。故填shot。 49. His poor method of learning made him unable to deal with the problems in his work________(灵活地). (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 【答案】flexibly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他糟糕的学习方法使他不能灵活地处理工作中的问题。根据汉语提示“灵活地”可知应填副词flexibly，作状语修饰deal with。故填flexibly。 50. She won the highest prize awarded to one of the university’s _______(毕业生). (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 【答案】graduates 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她获得了授予该大学一位毕业生的最高奖项。根据汉语提示，表示“毕业生”应用graduate，为可数名词，空前有one of修饰，所以用名词复数作宾语。故填graduates。 51. There are many reasons a_______ for his failure in the examination. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】accounting##ccounting 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他考试不及格的原因有很多。根据首字母提示、空前的many reasons和空后的for his failure in the examination可知，这里表示有许多原因解释他考试的不及格，应用account，account for意为“是……的原因”，为固定搭配。本句为There be结构，所以空处用非谓语动词。many reasons和account之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填accounting。 52. They sat at the table with their attention f_______ on the books in front of them. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】focused##ocused##fixed##ixed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们坐在桌旁，注意力集中在面前的书上。根据空前的their attention和空后的on the books以及首字母提示可知，这里指注意力集中在书上，应用focus或fix，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于”，在这里为及物动词，focus/fix one’s attention on意为“集中注意力于”。这里是“with+宾语+宾补”结构，their attention和focus/fix之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填focused/fixed。 53. I found it challenging to s_______ a suitable job in big companies. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】secure##ecure 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我发现在大公司找到一份合适的工作很有挑战性。根据首字母提示和a suitable job in big companies可知，这里指在大公司找到一份合适的工作，应用secure，意为“（尤指经过努力）获得，取得”，为及物动词。find it+adj.+to do...意为“发现做某事……”，为固定句型，所以空处用动词原形，故填secure。 54. The courses well received by parents are t_______ at broadening children’s horizons. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】targeted##argeted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：深受家长欢迎的课程旨在拓宽孩子的视野。根据首字母提示和at broadening children’s horizons可知，这门课程旨在拓宽孩子的视野，应用target，意为“以……为目标”，为及物动词,，结合句意，target与主语之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式与are构成一般现在时的被动语态，be targeted at意为“针对，目标是”，为固定搭配。故填targeted。 55. In r_______ to the growing trend of remote work, many companies allow employees to work from home. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】response##esponse 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了应对远程工作日益增长的趋势，许多公司允许员工在家工作。根据首字母提示和to the growing trend of remote work可知，这里表示作为对远程工作日益增长趋势的反应，应用名词response作宾语，意为“反应，响应”，in response to意为“作为对……的回应”，为固定搭配。故填response。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是学校心理咨询室的老师Tina，你的学生Li Hua因不知道该怎么和朋友交流，处理不好人际关系而闷闷不乐。她向你求助，请你给她一些建议，内容包括： 1.表示安慰；2.提出建议；3.予以鼓励。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Li Hua, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Tina 【答案】Dear Li Hua, I’m truly sorry to hear that you’re struggling with your relationship with your friends. I understand quite well you are anxious and feel terrible. Perhaps the following suggestions are helpful to you. First, you can share your daily life with friends, both your happiness and sadness. This is a good way to make friends understand you more. Besides, you should learn to tolerate your friends’ shortcomings. Nobody is perfect, so it’s better to ignore each other’s faults and appreciate each other’s strengths. Lastly, remember to spend quality time together. Whether it’s online or in person, it’s very important to check in with your friends regularly. Hope you can take my advice into consideration and be happy with your new life soon. Sincerely, Tina 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，要求考生以学校心理咨询室的老师Tina的身份给处理不好人际关系的李华写一封信，对她表示安慰、提出建议、予以鼓励。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 建议：suggestion→advice 包容：tolerate→put up with 与……联系：check in with→get in touch with 考查：take…into consideration→consider/take…into account 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：First, you can share your daily life with friends, both your happiness and sadness. This is a good way to make friends understand you more. 拓展句：First, you can share your daily life with friends, both your happiness and sadness, which is a good way to make friends understand you more. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m truly sorry to hear that you’re struggling with your relationship with your friends.(使用了不定式作原因状语、that引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Whether it’s online or in person, it’s very important to check in with your friends regularly. (使用了Whether...or...引导让步状语从句、it is+adj.+to do…句型) 第二节 微写作（满分15分） 57. 随着青少年的成长，青少年与父母之间激烈的争吵和冷淡的沉默十分常见。青少年的生理变化可能会引发家庭矛盾，使父母成为他们愤怒的对象。此外，平衡青少年日益增长的需求也是一个令人头疼的问题，他们不仅强烈渴望独立，还希望继续得到父母的爱与支持，这往往会导致亲子关系的破裂。解决这一问题的关键在于要从父母的角度理解情况，并在冲突发生时学会退让。定期进行坦诚的沟通也是一个更好的选择，他们可以冷静地解释自己的行为和感受。如果他们及时采取行动，一切都会好起来的。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As teenagers grow up, intense arguments and cold silence between them and their parents are very common. The physiological changes in adolescents may trigger family conflicts, making parents the objects of their anger. In addition, balancing the growing needs of teenagers is also a headache. They not only strongly desire independence, but also hope to continue receiving love and support from their parents, which often leads to the breakdown of parent-child relationships. The key to solving this problem is to understand the situation from the perspective of parents and learn to back down when conflicts arise. Regular and honest communication is also a better choice, as they can calmly explain their actions and feelings. If they take timely action, everything will be fine. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了青少年与父母之间关系紧张的原因以及解决办法。 【详解】第一句中，表示“随着”可用as引导时间状语从句，表示“成长”可用固定搭配grow up，表示“激烈的争吵”可用intense argument，表示“冷淡的沉默”可表示为cold silence，表示“常见”可用common。第二句中，表示“生理变化”可用physiological change，表示“引发”可用trigger，表示“家庭矛盾”可用family conflict，表示“使……成为……”可用make sb. sth.，其中“愤怒的对象”可用the objects of their anger，“使父母成为他们愤怒的对象”表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。第三句中，表示“此外”应用in addition，“平衡青少年日益增长的需求”作主语，应用动名词短语，其中“平衡”表示为balance，“日益增长的需求”表示为the growing needs，“令人头疼的问题”可表示为headache；后面的汉语部分应另起一句翻译，主句中“不仅……还……”用not only...but also...结构，“这……”翻译为which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为主句内容；“强烈”可表示为strongly，“渴望”可表示为desire，“独立”可表示为independence，“继续”可表示为continue doing...，“得到父母的爱与支持”可表示为receive love and support from their parents，“导致”可表示为lead to，“亲子关系”可表示为parent-child relationship，“破裂”可表示为breakdown。第四句中，表示“……的关键”用the key to...，表示“解决”用solve，表示“从父母的角度”用from the perspective of parents，表示“在冲突发生时”用when引导时间状语从句，“冲突”可表示为conflict，“发生”可表示为arise，“退让”可表示为back down。第五句中，表示“定期进行坦诚的沟通”可用名词短语regular and honest communication，“他们可以冷静地解释自己的行为和感受”表示原因，可用as引导原因状语从句，“解释”可表示为explain。第六句中，表示“如果”可用if引导条件状语从句，表示“及时采取行动”可用take timely action，表示“一切都会好起来的”可用everything will be fine。本文主要陈述的是一般情况，主体时态应用一般现在时。故本篇可翻译为：As teenagers grow up, intense arguments and cold silence between them and their parents are very common. The physiological changes in adolescents may trigger family conflicts, making parents the objects of their anger. In addition, balancing the growing needs of teenagers is also a headache. They not only strongly desire independence, but also hope to continue receiving love and support from their parents, which often leads to the breakdown of parent-child relationships. The key to solving this problem is to understand the situation from the perspective of parents and learn to back down when conflicts arise. Regular and honest communication is also a better choice, as they can calmly explain their actions and feelings. If they take timely action, everything will be fine. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $